“Izina Ryawe Ryubahwe”​—Ariko Se Iryo Zina Ni Irihe?

MBESE waba ufite idini urimo? Niba uyifite, kimwe n’abandi bantu benshi, nta gushidikanya ko wemera ko habaho Isumba Byose. Kandi birumvikana ko uha agaciro gakomeye rirya sengesho rizwi cyane ryatuwe Isumba Byose. Yesu yigishije abigishwa be iryo sengesho bakunda kwita Isengesho ry’Umwami cyangwa Data uri mu ijuru. Iryo sengesho ribimburirwa n’aya magambo ngo “Data wa twes’ uri mw ijuru, izina ryawe ryubahwe.”—Matayo 6:9.

Mbese waba waramaze kwibaza impamvu Yesu yatangiye iryo sengesho avuga ibyo ‘kubahwa’ cyangwa kwezwa kw’izina ry’Imana? Hanyuma yaje gusaba n’ibindi bintu, twavuga nk’ibi ngo Ubwami bw’Imana buze, ibyo Imana ishaka bibeho mu isi, n’imbabazi z’ibyaha byacu. Vuba hano ibyo bintu bindi bisabwa bizasohozwa ku buryo bigeza abantu ku mahoro atagira iherezo hano ku isi, kandi binabaheshe ubuzima bw’iteka. Mbese hari ikindi kintu cyaruta ibyo? Nyamara, Yesu yatwigishije kujya dusaba mu masengesho yacu ko izina ry’Imana ribanza kubahwa.

Ntabwo Yesu yapfuye kwigisha abigishwa be kujya batangiza izina ry’Imana mu masengesho yabo gutya gusa nta mpamvu ibimuteye. Bigaragara ko yahaga iryo zina agaciro kihariye, kuko yagiye arigarukaho kenshi mu masengesho ye bwite. Umunsi umwe yasenze Imana mu ruhame agira ati “Data, ubahiriz’ izina ryawe.” Maze Imana ubwayo isubiza itya ngo “Ndaryubahirije, kandi nzongera kuryubahiriza.”—Yohana 12:28.

Muri urya mugoroba wabanzirizaga urupfu rwa Yesu, yarimo asenga n’abigishwa bamwumva, ni uko bumva arimo atsindagiriza nanone agaciro k’izina ry’Imana. Yagize ati “Abo wampaye mw isi mbamenyeshej’ izina ryawe.” Yaje kongera kungamo ati “Nabamenyeshej’ izina ryawe, kandi nzaribamenyesha.”—Yohana 17:6, 26.

Ni kuki izina ry’Imana ryari rifite agaciro gakomeye mu maso ya Yesu? Ni kuki yagaragaje ko ari iry’agaciro mu maso yacu natwe, nk’uko yabyerekanye adusaba kujya dusenga ngo ryubahwe? Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe neza, ni ngombwa kumenya uko babonaga amazina mu bihe bya Bibiliya.

Amazina mu Bihe bya Bibiliya

Uko bigaragara Yehova yashyize mu muntu icyifuzo cyo kwita ibintu amazina. Umuntu wa mbere yari afite izina, yitwaga Adamu. Mu mateka y’irema, kimwe mu bintu Adamu avugwaho kuba yarimo akora ni ukwita inyamaswa amazina. Ubwo Imana yahaga Adamu umufasha, Adamu yahise amwita “Umugore” (’Ish·shah’, mu Giheburayo). Nyuma, yaje kumwita izina rya Eva, risobanurwa ngo “Umuntu Muzima,” “kukw ari we nyina w’abafit’ ubugingo bose” (Itangiriro 2:19, 23; 3:20). Ndetse na n’ubu turacyakurikiza uwo muco wo kwita abantu amazina. Koko rero, biraruhije kumva ukuntu dushobora kubaho nta mazina tugira.

Ibyo ari byo byose mu bihe by’Abisirayeli, amazina ntabwo yabonwaga nk’aho ari ibyapa gusa biranga bintu. Yari afite icyo avuze. Urugero, nk’izina rya Isaka, risobanura “Useka,” ryibutsaga ko ababyeyi be bari bageze mu za bukuru basetse igihe bamenyeshwaga ko bari kuzabyara (Itangiriro 17:17, 19; 18:12). Izina rya Esau ryo risobanura “Cyoya,” kubera uko yari ateye. Izina rye rindi rya Edomu ryo risobanura “Utukura” cyangwa “Uwikigina,” kuko yari yaragurishije ubutware bwe akabugurana imbehe y’udushyimbo dutukura (Itangiriro 25:25, 30-34; 27:11; 36:1). N’ubwo Yakobo umuvandimwe wa Esau bavukanye ari impanga ari we wari muto ho gato, yaguze atyo ubutware bwa Esau, maze ahabwa na se umugisha wari ugenewe umwana w’imfura. Kuva akivuka, izina rya Yakobo ryasobanuraga “Ufashe agatsinsino,” cyangwa “Uzungura undi” (Itangiriro 27:36). Mu buryo buhuje n’ubwo, izina rya Salomo, ryasobanuraga “Umunyamahoro” kubera ko ku ngoma ye igihugu cy’Isirayeli cyaranzwe n’amahoro n’uburumbuke.—1 Ngoma 22:9.

Bityo, dusoma mu gitabo cyitwa The Illustrated Bible Dictionary (Umubumbe wa 1, ku ipaji ya 572) aya magambo ngo “Isuzumwa ry’ijambo ‘izina’ mu I[sezerano] rya K[era] rigaragaraza uko ryari ingenzi cyane mu Giheburayo. Izina ntabwo ari nk’icyapa, ahubwo rifitanye isano itaziguye na nyiraryo rigira uruhare muri kamere ye, rikaba rifite intego yo kuyihishura.”

Kuba Imana ifatana uburemere agaciro k’izina, bigaragarira mu buryo bw’uko yakoresheje umumarayika mu kumenyesha ababyeyi ba Yohana Umubatiza na Yesu ibihereranye n’amazina bagombaga kwita abahungu babo (Luka 1:13, 31). Ndetse incuro nyinshi hari abo yagiye ahindurira amazina, cyangwa se akagira andi mazina yongera ku yo bari basanganywe, kugira ngo yerekane uruhare bagomba kugira mu mugambi wayo. Urugero, nk’igihe yahanuye ko umugaragu wayo aburamu (“Sekuruza w’ikuzo”) yari kuba sekuruza w’amahanga menshi, yahinduye izina rye amwita Aburahamu (“Sekuruza w’amahanga menshi”). Mu buryo nk’ubwo, yahinduye izina rya Sarai (“Nyiramahane”), umugore w’Aburahamu, amwita Sara (“Igikomangoma”), kuko yari kuba nyirakuruza w’urubyaro rw’Aburahamu.—Itangiriro 17:5, 15, 16; gereranya n’Itangiriro 32:28; 2 Samweli 12:24, 25.

Yesu na we yafatanaga uburemere agaciro k’amazina ku buryo yagize icyo avuga ku izina rya Petero amushinga inshingano yihariye (Matayo 16:16-19). Yemwe n’ibiremwa by’umwuka bifite amazina. Ibiremwa by’umwuka bibiri bivugwa muri Bibiliya ni Gaburieli na Mikaeli (Luka 1:26; Yuda 9). Kandi burya iyo umuntu yita ibintu bidafite ubugingo amazina, nk’inyenyeri, imibumbe, imidugudu, imisozi n’imigezi, nta kindi aba akora uretse gusa kwigana Umuremyi we. Urugero Bibiliya itubwira ko Imana ihamagara inyenyeri zo mu ijuru zose mu mazina.—Yesaya 40:26. Amazina afite agaciro mu maso y’Imana koko, kandi Imana yahaye umuntu icyifuzo cyo kwifashisha amazina mu gutandukanya abantu n’ibintu. Bityo rero, abamarayika, abantu, inyamaswa, kimwe n’inyenyeri ndetse n’ibidafite ubugingo, byose bifite amazina. Nonese byaba bihuje n’ubwenge kumva ko Umuremyi w’ibyo bintu byose ari we wabaho atagira izina? Oya rwose, cyane cyane dukurikije uko umwanditsi wa Zaburi yabivuze muri aya magambo ngo “Abafit’ umubiri bose bajye bahimbaz’ izina rye [ry’Imana] ryer’ iteka ryose.”—Zaburi 145:21.

Igitabo The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology (Umubumbe wa 2, ku ipaji ya 649) kiragira kiti “Kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi kandi bya ngombwa bigize urufatiro rw’ihishurwa rya Bibiliya ni uko Imana itabuze izina: ifite izina bwite ishobora kandi igomba kwambarizwamo.” Nta gushidikanya ko ari iryo zina Yesu yatekerezaga ubwo yabwiraga abigishwa be kujya basenga batya bati “Data wa twes’ uri mw ijuru, izina ryawe ryubahwe.”—Matayo 6:9.

Dukurikije ibyo byose bimaze kuvugwa haruguru, birumvikana ko ari ngombwa kuri twe kumenya iryo zina iryo ari ryo. Mbese wowe waba uzi iryo zina bwite ry’Imana?

Izina ry’Imana Ni Irihe?

Igitangaje ni uko benshi muri za miriyoni amagana n’amagana y’abantu bajya mu nsengero za Kristendomu bashobora kumva biruhije gusubiza iki kibazo. Hari wenda n’abavuga ko izina ry’Imana ari Yesu Kristo. Nyamara nta gushidikanya ko Yesu hari undi yarimo asenga ubwo yagiraga ati “Abo wampaye mw isi mbamenyeshej’ izina ryawe” (Yohana 17:6). Yarimo asenga Imana yo mu ijuru, mbese kimwe n’uko umwana aganira na se (Yohana 17:1). Ni ukuvuga rero ko izina rya se wo mu ijuru ari ryo ryagombaga ‘kubahwa,’ cyangwa ‘kwezwa.’

Nyamara za Bibiliya nyinshi zo muri iki gihe ntizibonekamo iryo zina, kandi rikoreshwa rimwe na rimwe gusa mu nsengero. Kubw’ibyo, aho kugira ngo “ryubahwe,” ryahishwe za miriyoni na za mamiriyoni z’abasomyi ba Bibiliya. Dore urugero ku bihereranye n’uko abahinduzi ba Bibiliya bagenje izina ry’Imana, muri Zaburi 83:18. Reka turebere hamwe uko uwo murongo wahinduwe muri Bibiliya enye zitandukanye:

“Bamenye ko wowe wenyine, wowe witwa UMWAMI, Usumba byose ku isi yose” (Revised Standard Version yo mu wa 1952).

“Kugira ngo bamenye yuk’ uwitw’ UWITEKA kw ari wowe wenyin’ Usumba byose, utegek’ isi yose” (Bibiliya Yera).

“Bamenyeshwe ko wowe, Uwiteka, uri Imana Isumba byose ku isi yose” (A New Translation of the Bible, cyanditswe n’uwitwa James Moffart, mu wa 1922).

“Bamenye ibi ko: wowe wenyine witwa izina rya Yahweh, Usumba byose ku isi yose” (La Bible de Jérusalem y’Abagatolika yo mu wa 1973).

“Kugira ngo abantu bamenye ko wowe, wowe wenyine witwa izina rya YEHOVA, uri Isumba byose ku isi yose” (Authorised, cyangwa King James, Version byo mu wa 1611).

Ni kuki izina ry’Imana rigenda rihindagurika muri ubwo buhinduzi butandukanye? Mbese izina ry’Imana ni UMWAMI, Uwiteka, Yahweh cyangwa Yehova? Cyangwa se yaba yitwa ayo mazina yose?

Kugira ngo dusubize icyo kibazo, tugomba kwibuka ko mu mizo ya mbere Bibiliya itanditswe mu Kinyarwanda. Abanditse ba Bibiliya bari Abaheburayo, kandi ahanini banditse mu Giheburayo no mu Kigiriki byo mu gihe cyabo. Benshi muri twe ntibazi izo ndimi za kera. Icyakora Bibiliya yahinduwe mu ndimi nyinshi cyane, ku buryo dushobora kwifashisha ubwo buhinduzi mu gihe dushatse gusoma Ijambo ry’Imana.

Abakristo bubaha Bibiliya bibavuye ku mutima kandi bafite impamvu nziza yo kwemera ko “Ibyanditswe byera byose byahumetswe n’Imana” (2 Timoteo 3:16). Bityo rero, guhindura Bibiliya ni inshingano iremereye cyane. Koko rero, iyo hari uhinduye ku bushake, cyangwa akagira igice cy’ibigize Bibiliya akuramo, ni Ijambo ryahumetswe n’Imana aba agoretse. Ibyo bihuje n’uyu muburo wa Bibiliya ugira uti “Ni hagir’ umunt’ uzongera kuri yo, Imana izamwongerahw ibyago byanditswe mur’iki gitabo. Kandi ni hagir’ umunt’ ukūra ku magambo y’igitabo cy’ubu buhanuzi, Imana izamukura ku mugabane wa cya giti cy’ubugingo.”—Ibyahishuwe 22:18, 19; reba nanone Gutegeka 4:2.

Nta gushidikanya ko abenshi mu bahinduzi ba Bibiliya bubaha cyane Bibiliya kandi ko bifuza babivanye ku mutima ko yasobanuka neza muri iki gihe cyacu. Gusa ariko, ntabwo abahinduzi bahumekewe n’Imana. Byongeye kandi, benshi muri bo usanga batsimbaraye cyane ku bihereranye n’amadini ku buryo bakwemera kuyoborwa n’imitekerereze yabo bwite cyangwa ibyo bikundira ubwabo. Ikindi kandi, bashobora no gukora amakosa ya kimuntu cyangwa amakosa yo kubona ibintu uko bitari.

Ku bw’ibyo, dufite uburenganzira bwo kugira ibibazo runaka by’ingenzi twibaza: Izina nyaryo ry’Imana ni irihe? Kandi se ni kuki ubuhinduzi butandukanye bwa Bibiliya buha Imana amazina atandukanye? Nitumara kubona igisubizo gishimishije cy’ibyo bibazo, ni bwo tugaruka kuri cya kibazo cyacu twahereyeho, ari cyo cy’iki ngo Ni kuki kwezwa kw’izina ry’Imana ari iby’agaciro gakomeye?

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 4]

Abamarayika, abantu, inyamaswa, kimwe n’inyenyeri ndetse n’ibidafite ubugingo, byose bifite amazina. Ariko se byaba bihuje n’ubwenge kumva ko Umuremyi w’ibyo bintu byose ari we wabaho atagira izina?

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 5]

Bigaragara ko Yesu yahaga izina ry’Imana agaciro kihariye, kuko yagiye arigarukaho kenshi mu masengesho ye.