Yehova, ‘Umucamanza [Utabera] w’Abari mu Isi Bose’
‘ [Data wa twese] acira umuntu wese urubanza rukwiriye ibyo yakoze.’—1 PETERO 1:17.
1, 2. (a) Kuki twagombye gutinyishwa ari na ko duhumurizwa no gutekereza ko Yehova ari Umucamanza ukomeye? (b) Mu rubanza Yehova afitanye n’amahanga, ni uruhe ruhare abagaragu be bo ku isi barufitemo?
YEHOVA ni “Umucamanza [mukuru] w’abari mw isi bose” (Itangiriro 18:25). Kubera ko ari Imana Isumba Byose mu ijuru no mu isi, afite uburenganzira budasubirwaho bwo gucira urubanza ibiremwa bye. Ibyo kubitekerezaho biteye ubwoba kandi bikanahumuriza. Ibyo bintu bisa n’aho bihabanye, Mose yabivuze mu buryo butangaje agira ati “Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] Imana yany[u] . . . [ni] Imana nyamana, n’Umwami w’abami, n’Imana ikomeye, y’inyambaraga nyinshi, itey’ ubgoba, itita ku cyubahiro cy’umuntu, idahongerwa. Icīr’ imfubyi n’abapfakaz’ imanza zibarengera, ikund’ umusuhuke w’umunyahanga, ikamugaburira, ikamwambika.”—Gutegeka kwa kabiri 10:17, 18.
2 Mbega iringaniza ritangaje! Imana ikomeye, ifite ubushobozi, iteye ubwoba, nyamara kandi ikaba idaca urwa kibera kandi ikarwana ku nyungu z’imfubyi, abapfakazi n’umusuhuke ibigiranye urukundo. Ni nde wakwifuza Umucamanza wundi udukunda kurusha Yehova? Yivugaho kuba ari nk’aho afitanye urubanza n’amahanga y’iyi si ya Satani, Yehova ubwe atumirira abagaragu be bo ku isi kuba abahamya be (Yesaya 34:8; 43:9-12). Ntakeneye ubuhamya bwabo kugira ngo abone uko agaragaza ubumana bwe n’ubutware bwe bw’ikirenga bukwiriye. Icyakora, aha abahamya be igikundiro gihebuje cyo guhamya imbere y’abantu bose ko bemera ko ari we usumba byose. Abahamya be na bo ubwabo bagandukira ubutware bwe bw’ikirenga bukiranuka, kandi binyuriye ku murimo wabo wo kubwiriza, batera abandi inkunga yo kuyoboka ubutware bw’Umucamanza w’Ikirenga.
Uko Yehova Aca Imanza
3. Ni gute uko Yehova aca imanza bishobora kuvugwa mu buryo buhinnye, kandi ni gute ubwo buryo bwombi bwagaragajwe mu rubanza rwa Adamu na Eva?
3 Mu ntangiriro z’amateka ya kimuntu, Yehova ubwe yagiye acira imanza bamwe mu babaga bakosheje. Uburyo bwe bwo guhihibikanira ibibazo by’imanza bwabaye icyitegererezo ku bagaragu be bari guhabwa inshingano yo kuyobora iby’imanza mu bwoko bwe (Zaburi 77:11, 12). Uburyo aca imanza bushobora kuvugwa mu magambo ahinnye mu buryo bukurikira: ntadohoka ku ngingo iyo ari ngombwa, aca inkoni izamba iyo bishoboka. Ku bihereranye na Adamu na Eva, bo bari ibiremwa bya kimuntu bitunganye byigometse ku bushake, ntibari bakwiriye kugirirwa imbabazi. Ku bw’ibyo, Yehova yabaciriye urwo gupfa. Ariko kandi, urubyaro rwabo rwo rwagiriwe imbabazi. Ntabwo Yehova yahise asohoza iteka ryo gupfa ryari ryaciriwe kuri Adamu na Eva, bityo bituma bashobora kubyara abana. Yahaye urubyaro rwabo uburyo bwo kugira ibyiringiro byo kuzabaturwa mu bubata bw’icyaha n’urupfu abigiranye urukundo.—Itangiriro 3:15; Abaroma 8:20, 21.
4. Ni gute Yehova yagenjereje Kaini, kandi ni kuki iby’urwo rubanza bidushishikaje mu buryo bwihariye?
4 Uko Yehova yakemuye ibya Kaini birashishikaje mu buryo bwihariye, kuko icyo gikorwa ari icya mbere kivugwa mu Byanditswe kireba umwe mu bagize urubyaro rudatunganye rwa Adamu na Eva ‘rwaguriwe gutegekwa n’ibyaha’ (Abaroma 7:14). Mbese, Yehova yaba yarazirikanye ibyo kandi akaba yaragiriye Kaini ibinyuranye n’ibyo yagiriye ababyeyi be? Kandi se, ibyo hari isomo byaha abagenzuzi b’Abakristo muri iki gihe? Reka tubisuzume. Nyuma yo kutemerwa kw’igitambo cya Kaini, Yehova yabonye ko abyakiriye nabi maze amuha umuburo mu rukundo ku bihereranye n’akaga yari agiye kwikururira. Hari umugani wa kera ugira uti ‘Gukingira biruta kuvura.’ Ntacyo Yehova atakoze mu kuburira Kaini kugira ngo ye guha urwaho kamere ye ibogamiye ku cyaha maze ngo imutegeke. Yihatiye kumufasha kugira ngo ‘akore ibyiza’ (Itangiriro 4:5-7). Ubwo bwari bubaye ubwa mbere Imana isaba umuntu w’umunyabyaha kwihana. Kaini amaze kwerekana ko adashaka kwihana maze agakora icyaha cye, Yehova yamuhanishije kumuca kandi yoroshya icyo gihano ashyiraho iteka ribuza abandi bantu kumwica.—Itangiriro 4:8-15.
5, 6. (a) Ni gute Yehova yagenjereje abantu babayeho mu gihe cyabanjirije umwuzure? (b) Ni iki Yehova yakoze mbere y’uko aciraho iteka abaturage b’i Sodomu n’i Gomora?
5 Mbere y’umwuzure, ubwo ‘Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] yabonaga yuko ingeso z’abantu zari mbi cyane mu isi, byamuteye agahinda mu mutima we’ (Itangiriro 6:5, 6). ‘ Yaricujije’ mu buryo bw’uko yababajwe no kubona abenshi mu bantu babayeho mbere y’umwuzure barakoresheje nabi umudendezo wabo kandi anababazwa n’uko yagombaga kubaciraho iteka. Ariko kandi, ntiyabuze kubaburira binyuriye kuri Noa, uwo yakoresheje mu myaka myinshi ari “umubgiriza wo gukiranuka.” Nyuma y’aho, nta mpamvu n’imwe Yehova yari agifite yo ‘kwifata ngo areke guhana iyo si y’abatubaha Imana.’—2 Petero 2:5, MN.
6 Mu buryo nk’ubwo, Yehova yagombye gucira urubanza abantu bononekaye bari batuye i Sodomu n’i Gomora. Ariko kandi, dore uko yabyifashemo. Yari yabanje kumva ‘gutaka kw’abaharegaga’—wenda nk’amasengesho y’umukiranutsi Loti—bitewe n’imyifatire y’urukozasoni y’abo bantu (Itangiriro 18:20; 2 Petero 2:7, 8). Icyakora, mbere yo kugira icyo akora, ‘yamanuwe’ no kugenzura uko ibintu bimeze binyuriye ku bamarayika be (Itangiriro 18:21, 22; 19:1). Nanone kandi, yafashe igihe cyo kubanza kwizeza Aburahamu ko atari gukora ibinyuranye n’ubutabera.—Itangiriro 18:23-32.
7. Ni rihe somo abasaza bari muri komite zishinzwe iby’imanza bashobora kuvana mu ngero zihereranye n’uburyo Yehova aca imanza?
7 Ni gute muri iki gihe abasaza bashobora kuvana isomo muri izo ngero? Ku bihereranye n’Adamu na Eva, Yehova yagaragaje urukundo no kwita ku batariho urubanza muri icyo gikorwa, n’ubwo bari bafitanye isano n’abashinjwaga icyaha. Yagiriye impuhwe urubyaro rwa Adamu na Eva. Ku byerekeye Kaini, Yehova yabonye mbere y’igihe akaga uwo muntu yari agiye kwikururira, maze amwungura inama mu bugwaneza kugira ngo adakora icyaha. Na nyuma y’aho amariye kumuca, Yehova yakomeje kwita kuri Kaini. Byongeye kandi, yaciriyeho iteka abantu babayeho mbere y’umwuzure nyuma yo kugaragaza ukwihangana kwinshi. Ubwo Yehova yabonaga ubwo bugome burangwa no kwinangira, ‘byamuteye agahinda mu mutima.’ Yababazwaga n’uko abantu bagomeye ubutegetsi bwe bukiranuka no kuba byari bigiye kuba ngombwa ko abaciraho iteka. (Itangiriro 6:6; gereranya na Ezekieli 18:31; 2 Petero 3:9.) Ku bihereranye n’i Sodomu n’i Gomora, Yehova yagize icyo akora ari uko amaze kugenzura iby’aho. Mbega ingero zihebuje ku bashinzwe iby’imanza muri iki gihe!
Abacamanza b’Abantu mu Bihe by’Abatware b’Imiryango
8. Ni ayahe mategeko y’urufatiro ya Yehova yari azwi mu bihe by’abatware b’imiryango?
8 N’ubwo uko bigaragara icyo gihe nta mategeko yanditse yabagaho, abantu bo mu bihe by’abatware b’imiryango bari bazi amategeko y’urufatiro ya Yehova kandi abagaragu be basabwaga kuyakurikiza (Itangiriro 26:5). Ibyabereye muri Edeni byagaragaje ko kumvira no kugandukira ubutegetsi bw’Ikirenga bwa Yehova ari ngombwa. Ibya Kaini byagaragaje ko Yehova yanga ubwicanyi. Umwuzure ukimara kurangira, Imana yahaye abantu amategeko ahereranye n’ubwere bw’ubuzima, igihano cyo kwicwa no kurya amaraso (Itangiriro 9:3-6). Yehova yaciriyeho iteka rikomeye ubusambanyi mu gihe cy’ibyabaye hagati ya Aburahamu, Sara na Abimeleki umwami w’i Gerari, hafi y’i Gaza.—Itangiriro 20:1-7.
9, 10. Ni izihe ngero zigaragaza ko mu bantu bo mu bihe by’abatware b’imiryango habagaho gahunda y’iby’imanza?
9 Icyo gihe, abatware b’imiryango bari nk’abacamanza kandi ni bo bakemuraga ibibazo by’imanza. Yehova yavuze ibyerekeye Aburahamu agira ati “Kukw icyatumye mmumenya, ar’ ukugira ngw ategek’ abana be n’abo mu rugo rwe bazakurikiraho, gukomeza mu nzira y’Uwiteka [Yehova, MN], bakor’ ibyo gukiranuka bac’ imanza zitabera” (Itangiriro 18:19). Aburahamu yagaragaje ukutikunda n’ubushishozi ubwo yakemuraga ikibazo gihereranye n’amakimbirane yari yavutse hagati y’abashumba be n’aba Loti (Itangiriro 13:7-11). Ari nk’umutware w’umuryango n’umucamanza, Yuda yaciriyeho umukazana we Tamari iteka ryo kwicishwa amabuye hanyuma agatwikwa, yibwira ko yasambanye. (Itangiriro 38:11, 24; gereranya na Yosua 7:25.) Nyamara kandi, ubwo yari amaze kumenya ibyabaye byose, yavuze ko yamurushije gukiranuka (Itangiriro 38:25, 26). Mbega ukuntu ari iby’ingenzi kubanza kumenya ukuri kose mbere yo gufata umwanzuro w’urubanza!
10 Igitabo cya Yobu kivuga ibihereranye n’ubucamanza kandi kigaragaza agaciro ko kudaca urwa kibera (Yobu 13:8, 10; 31:11; 32:21). Yobu ubwe yibukaga iby’igihe yari umucamanza wubahwaga wicaraga ku irembo ry’umudugudu aca imanza, agakoresha ubutabera kandi akarenganura umupfakazi n’imfubyi (Yobu 29:7-16). Bityo rero, ibyo biragaragaza ko mu bihe by’abatware b’imiryango, “abakuru” bari nk’abacamanza mu rubyaro rwa Aburahamu mbere y’uko Abisirayeli bava muri Egiputa, na mbere y’itegeko nshinga Imana yahaye ishyanga rya Isirayeli (Kuva 3:16, 18). Mu by’ukuri, “abakuru,” cyangwa abasaza b’Isirayeli bari bahagarariye rubanda, ni bo Mose yashyikirije ibyari bikubiye mu isezerano ry’Amategeko.—Kuva 19:3-7.
Gahunda y’Iby’Imanza Muri Isirayeli
11, 12. Dukurikije ibyavuzwe n’abantu babiri b’abashakashatsi ku byerekeye Bibiliya, ni iki cyatandukanyaga gahunda y’iby’imanza ya Isirayeli n’iy’ayandi mahanga?
11 Imicungire y’ubutabera muri Isirayeli yari inyuranye rwose n’amategeko agenga iby’imanza yakurikizwaga mu mahanga yari ayikikije. Nta tandukaniro bashyiraga hagati y’amategeko mbonezamubano n’amategeko nshinjabyaha. Amategeko y’izo nzego zombi yari akubiye mu mategeko ngengamuco n’ayo mu rwego rw’idini. Uwakoserezaga mugenzi we, yabaga anakoshereje Yehova. Mu gitabo cye cyitwa The People and the Faith of the Bible, André Chouraqui yaranditse ati “Imiterere y’iby’ubucamanza irangwa mu muco karande w’Abaheburayo inyuranye n’iyo abaturanyi babo, bitari gusa mu byo gutandukanya ibyaha n’ibihano, ahubwo no mu miterere y’amategeko ubwayo. . . . Torati [Amategeko] ntitandukanye n’imibereho ya buri munsi; igenga imiterere yayo n’ibiyigize itanga umugisha cyangwa umuvumo. . . . Muri Isirayeli . . . gutandukanya ibikorwa by’ubucamanza by’umudugudu mu buryo bugaragara, bisa n’aho bidashoboka. Byari bikomatanyirijwe mu bumwe bw’imibereho yose uko yakabaye yari igamije gusohoza ubushake bw’Imana nzima.”
12 Iyo mimerere yihariye yatumaga ubucamanza muri Isirayeli buba ubwo mu rwego ruhanitse cyane ugereranyije n’ubw’amahanga y’icyo gihe. Roland de Vaux, umushakashatsi ku byerekeye Bibiliya, yaranditse ati “Muri rusange, amategeko ya Isirayeli anyuranye n’ingingo zikubiye mu ‘masezerano’ no mu ‘mategeko’ yo mu gace k’i Burasirazuba, n’ubwo bwose afite ibyo ahuriyeho na zo mu miterere no mu bikubiyemo. Ni amategeko ya kidini. . . . Nta mategeko yo mu gace k’i Burasirazuba ashobora kugereranywa n’ay’Abisirayeli, yo, yose uko yakabaye, avugwaho kuba yarahanzwe n’Imana. Kuba akubiyemo amahame mbwirizamuco hamwe n’ay’imihango, ndetse akenshi akaba avangavanze, ni uko areba ibice bigize Isezerano ry’Imana byose, kandi iryo Sezerano rikaba ryaragengaga imishyikirano hagati y’abantu ubwabo no hagati yabo n’Imana.” Ntibitangaje rero kuba Mose yarabajije ati ‘Ni irihe shyanga rikomeye rifite amategeko n’amateka atunganye, ahwanye n’aya mategeko yose mbashyira imbere uyu munsi?’—Gutegeka kwa kabiri 4:8.
Abacamanza Muri Isirayeli
13. Ni mu biki Mose yabayemo urugero rwiza ku basaza muri iki gihe?
13 Muri urwo rwego rw’ubucamanza ruhanitse mu rugero rungana rutyo, umucamanza wari ukenewe yagombaga kuba ateye ate? Ku bihereranye n’umucamanza washyizweho bwa mbere mu Bisirayeli, Bibiliya igira iti “Uwo muntu Mose yar’ umugwaneza, urush’ abantu bo mw isi bose” (Kubara 12:3). Ntabwo yiyemeraga (Kuva 4:10). N’ubwo yari yarahawe inshingano yo gucira imanza Abisirayeli, rimwe na rimwe yababeraga umuburanyi imbere ya Yehova, akabasabira imbabazi, akageza n’aho atamba ibitambo ku bw’abo (Kuva 32:11, 30-32). Mu buryo bw’igisigo, yaravuze ati “Amagambo yanjy’ aratonda nk’ikime. Nkukw imvura y’urujojo rugwa ku byatsi bitoto, nkukw ibitonyanga bigwa ku byatsi” (Gutegeka kwa kabiri 32:2). Aho gucira abantu urubanza yishingikirije ubwenge bwe, yaravuze ati “Iyo bafit’ amagambo, baza kuri jye, nkabacir’ imanza, nkabamenyesh’ amategeko y’Imana n’ibyo yategetse” (Kuva 18:16). Iyo yabaga afite icyo ashidikanya, yagishyiraga mu maboko ya Yehova (Kubara 9:6-8; 15:32-36; 27:1-11). Mose yabaye intangarugero ku basaza ‘baragira umukumbi w’Imana’ kandi bakawucira imanza muri iki gihe (Ibyakozwe 20:28). Icyifuzo cyacu ni uko imishyikirano bafitanye n’abavandimwe babo, na yo yamera nk’ “imvura y’urujojo rugwa ku byatsi bitoto.”
14. Ni iyihe mico yo mu buryo bw’umwuka yarangwaga ku bagabo bari barashyizweho na Mose kuba abacamaza muri Isirayeli?
14 Nyuma y’aho, Mose yageze ubwo atari agishoboye gusohoza inshingano yo guca imanza z’abantu wenyine (Kuva 18:13, 18). Yemeye inama sebukwe yamugiriye yo gushaka ubufasha. Aha nanone, abantu batoranyijwe bari bwoko ki? Dusoma ngo “Kand’ utoranye mu bantu bos’ abashoboy’ ubucamanza, bubah’ Imana, inyangamugayo, bang’ impongano. . . . Mose atoranya mu Bisirayeli bose abashoboy’ ubucamanza, abaha gutwar’ abantu, bamwe ngo batwar’ igihumb’ igihumbi, abandi ngo batwar’ ijan’ ijana, abandi ngo batware mirongwitan’ itanu, abandi ngo batware cumi cumi. Bakajya bacir’ abant’ imanz’ ibihe byose: imanza zikomeye bazizaniraga Mose, arikw izoroheje zose bakazic’ ubgabo.”—Kuva 18:21-26.
15. Ni iyihe mico yarangwaga ku bari abacamanza muri Isirayeli?
15 Turabona ko imyaka y’ubukuru atari cyo cyashingirwagaho cyonyine mu gutoranya abagabo bo guca imanza. Mose yaravuze ati “Mutoranye mu miryango yany’ abahanga b’abanyabgenge b’ikimenywabose [inararibonye, MN], mbagir’ abatware banyu” (Gutegeka kwa kabiri 1:13). Mose yari azi neza ibyo umusore Elihu yari yaravuze mbere y’imyaka myinshi yari ishize uhereye icyo gihe agira ati “Abakuze si bo baz’ ubgenge, n’abasaza si bo bameny’ imanza” (Yobu 32:9). Ni iby’ukuri ko abajyaga gushyirwaho bagombaga kuba “inararibonye.” Ariko kandi, bagombaga cyane cyane kuba bashoboye, batinya Imana, inyangamugayo, banga impongano kandi ari abahanga n’abanyabwenge. Ni ibigaragara rero ko “abatware” n’ “abacamanza” bavugwa muri Yosua 23:2 na 24:1 badatandukanye n’ “abakuru” bavugwa muri iyo mirongo, ahubwo batoranyijwe muri bo.—Reba igitabo cyitwa Insight on the Scriptures, Umubumbe wa 2, ipaji ya 549 cyangwa Auxiliaire pour une meilleure intelligence de la Bible, umubumbe wa 1, ipaji ya 75.
Gukurikiza Ubutabera
16. Ni iki twagombye kuzirikana muri iki gihe ku bihereranye n’amabwiriza Mose yahaye abacamanza yari amaze gushyiraho?
16 Ku byerekeye amabwiriza yahawe abo bacamanza bari barashyizweho, Mose yaravuze ati “Mur’icyo gihe nihanangirij’ abacamanza banyu nti: Muburanirw’ imanza za bene wanyu, mujye muc’ imanza zitabera z’umuntu na mwene wabo, cyangw’ iz’umuntu n’umunyamahang’ umusuhukiyeho. Ni muc’ imanza, ntimukīte ku cyubahiro cy’umuntu; aboroheje n’abakomeye mujye mubahwanya; ntimugatiny’ amaso y’abantu, kukw Imana ari y’ ibacish’ urubanza. Kand’ urubanza ruzajya rubananira, mujye murunzanira, ndwumve nduce.”—Gutegeka kwa kabiri 1:16, 17.
17. Ni bande bashyizweho kuba abacamanza, kandi ni iki umwami Yehoshafati yabihanangirije?
17 Birumvikana ko Mose yari gushyikirizwa imanza mu gihe cyo kubaho kwe gusa. Ni yo mpamvu nyuma y’aho hafashwe imigambi y’uko imanza zikomeye zari kujya zishyikirizwa abatambyi, abalewi n’abacamanza bari kuba bashyizweho mu buryo bwihariye (Gutegeka kwa kabiri 17:8-12; 1 Ibyo ku Ngoma 23:1-4; 2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 19:5, 8). Abwira abacamanza yari yarashyize mu midugudu ya Yuda, umwami Yehoshafati yagize ati “Murameny’ ibyo mugiye gukora; kukw atar’ abantu mucirir’ imanza, ahubgo n’ Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] . . . Muzajye mugenza mutyo, mwubashy’ Uwiteka [Yehova, MN], mwiringirwa, mufit’ umutim’ utunganye. Kandi bene wanyu batura mu midugudu yabo ni babazanir’ imanza zose . . . mujye mubahugura, ngo batagibgaho n’urubanza k’ Uwiteka [Yehova, MN], uburakari bukabageraho no kuri bene wanyu; mujye mugenza mutyo, ntimuzagibgaho n’urubanza.”—2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 19:6-10.
18. (a) Ni ayahe mahame amwe n’amwe abacamanza b’Isirayeli bagombaga gukurikiza? (b) Ni iki abacamanza batagombaga kwibagirwa, kandi ni iyihe mirongo y’Ibyanditswe igaragaza icyo kwibagirwa ibyo byajyaga kubakururira?
18 Dore amwe mu mahame abacamanza b’Isirayeli bagombaga gukurikiza: ubutabera ku mukire no ku mukene nta kubasumbanya (Kuva 23:3, 6; Abalewi 19:15); kutarobanura na rimwe ku butoni (Gutegeka kwa kabiri 1:17); kutemera impongano (Gutegeka kwa kabiri 16:18-20). Abacamanza bagombaga guhora bibuka ko abo bacira imanza ari intama za Yehova (Zaburi 100:3). Kandi rero, imwe mu mpamvu zatumye Yehova areka Isirayeli yo mu buryo bw’umubiri, ni uko abatambyi bayo n’abungeri bayo bari bararetse guca imanza zitabera kandi zikiranuka hamwe n’uko batwazaga abantu agahato.—Yeremia 22:3, 5, 25; 23:1, 2; Ezekieli 34:1-4; Malaki 2:8, 9.
19. Iri suzuma tumaze gukora ku byerekeye amahame ya Yehova y’ubutabera ya mbere y’igihe cyacu ridufitiye kamaro ki, kandi ni iki kizasuzumwa mu gice gikurikira?
19 Yehova ntahinduka (Malaki 3:6). Iryo subiramo rihinnye tumaze kubona ku bihereranye n’uburyo imanza zagombaga gucibwa muri Isirayeli no ku bihereranye n’ukuntu Yehova yabonaga igikorwa cyose cyo kutubahiriza ubutabera, byagombye kubera isomo abasaza bafite inshingano yo gufata ibyemezo bihereranye n’imanza muri iki gihe. Urugero rw’Umucamanza Yehova, hamwe na gahunda y’iby’imanza yari yarashyizeho muri Isirayeli, byatanze amahame ntanga rugero y’ukuntu ubutabera bugomba kubahirizwa mu itorero rya Gikristo. Ibyo ni byo tuzasuzuma mu gice gikurikira.
Ibibazo by’Isubiramo
◻ Ni gute uko Yehova aca imanza byavugwa mu buryo buhinnye?
◻ Ni izihe ngero dufite z’ukuntu Yehova aca imanza duhereye ku byo yagiriye Kaini n’abantu babayeho mbere y’umwuzure?
◻ Ni bande bakoraga umurimo wo guca imanza mu bihe by’abatware b’imiryango, kandi gute?
◻ Ni iki cyatandukanyaga gahunda y’iby’imanza ya Isirayeli n’iy’ayandi mahanga?
◻ Abagabo bari barashyiriweho kuba abacamanza muri Isirayeli bari bameze bate, kandi ni ayahe mahame bagombaga gukurikiza?
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 17]
Mu bihe by’abatware b’imiryango no muri Isirayeli, abagabo basheshe akanguhe bashyirwagaho kugira ngo bace imanza ku irembo ry’umudugudu