Iminsi Mikuru y’Ingenzi mu Mateka y’Isirayeli
“Uko umwaka utashye, abagabo bo muri mwe bose bajye baboneka imbere y’Uwiteka Imana yawe ibihe bitatu, babonekere ahantu izatoranya . . . ariko ntibazaze ubusa imbere y’Uwiteka.”—GUTEGEKA 16:16.
1. Ni iki cyavugwa ku bihereranye n’iminsi mikuru yo mu bihe bya Bibiliya?
NI IKI wibuka, iyo utekereje ku bihereranye n’umunsi mukuru? Iminsi mikuru imwe n’imwe yo mu bihe bya kera, yarangwaga no kwirekura mu buryo butagira rutangira, hamwe n’ubwiyandarike. Ibyo ni nako bimeze ku minsi mikuru imwe n’imwe yo muri iki gihe. Ariko kandi, iminsi mikuru yagaragajwe mu Mategeko Imana yahaye Abisirayeli, yari itandukanye n’iyo. N’ubwo yabaga ari ibihe birangwa n’ibyishimo, yashoboraga no kuvugwaho ko ari iy’ “amateraniro yera.”—Abalewi 23:2.
2. (a) Ni iki Abisirayeli b’igitsina gabo basabwaga gukora ubugira gatatu buri mwaka? (b) ‘Umunsi mukuru’ ni iki, dukurikije uko iryo jambo rikoreshwa mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 16:16?
2 Abagabo b’Abisirayeli bizerwa—akenshi baherekejwe n’imiryango yabo—baboneraga ibyishimo bigarura ubuyanja mu rugendo bakoraga bajya i Yerusalemu, ‘ahantu [Yehova] yatoranyije,’ kandi batangaga impano batitangiriye itama, kugira ngo bashyigikire iminsi mikuru itatu ikomeye (Gutegeka 16:16). Igitabo cyitwa Old Testament Word Studies gisobanura ijambo ry’Igiheburayo ryahinduwemo ‘umunsi mukuru’ mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 16:16, ko ari “igihe cy’ibyishimo byinshi . . . aho imimerere idasanzwe imwe n’imwe igaragaza ubutoni bari bafite ku Mana, yizihizwaga mu buryo bwo gutamba ibitambo no gukora umunsi mukuru.”a
Agaciro k’Iminsi Mikuru Ikomeye
3. Ni iyihe migisha yibutswaga n’iminsi mikuru itatu yabaga buri mwaka?
3 Kubera ko Abisirayeli bari bagize umuryango ushingiye ku buhinzi, babeshwagaho n’imigisha y’Imana ihereranye no kugusha imvura. Iminsi mikuru itatu ikomeye yo mu Mategeko ya Mose, yahuzaga n’igihe cy’umusaruro wa sayiri mu itangira ry’urugaryi, igihe cy’umusaruro w’ingano mu mpera z’urugaryi, n’igihe cy’umusaruro w’ibindi byabaga bisigaye mu mpera z’impeshyi. Ibyo byari ibihe byarangwaga n’ibyishimo byinshi no gushimira Nyir’ugukomeza ibihe by’imvura, akaba n’Umuhanzi w’ubutaka butanga umusaruro. Ariko kandi, iminsi mikuru yari ikubiyemo n’ibindi.—Gutegeka 11:11-14.
4. Ni ikihe gikorwa kitazibagirana mu mateka, cyizihizwaga mu gihe cy’umunsi mukuru wa mbere?
4 Umunsi mukuru wa mbere wabayeho mu kwezi kwa mbere ko kuri kalendari ya kera ya Bibiliya, kuva ku itariki ya 15 kugeza ku ya 21 Nisani, ayo matariki akaba ahuza n’impera za Werurwe cyangwa intangiriro za Mata mu mezi y’ino. Witwaga Umunsi Mukuru w’Imigati Idasembuwe, kandi kubera ko wahitaga ukurikira Pasika yo ku itariki ya 14 Nisani, nanone witwaga ‘umunsi mukuru wa pasika’ (Luka 2:41; Abalewi 23:5, 6). Uwo munsi mukuru wibutsaga Abisirayeli ibyo gucungurwa kwabo bavanwa mu kababaro ko muri Egiputa, imigati idasembuwe ikaba yaritwaga “[i]mitsima y’umubabaro” (Gutegeka 16:3). Uwo munsi wabibutsaga ko guhunga kwabo bava muri Egiputa kwihutishijwe cyane, ku buryo hatabonetse umwanya wo gushyira umusemburo mu migati yabo no gutegereza ko ibyimba (Kuva 12:34). Mu gihe cy’uwo munsi mukuru, nta mugati usembuye wagombaga kuboneka mu nzu y’Umwisirayeli. Uwizihizaga uwo munsi wese, hakubiyemo n’umusuhuke, waryaga ku mugati usembuye, yagombaga guhanishwa kwicwa.—Kuva 12:19.
5. Ni ikihe gikundiro umunsi mukuru wa kabiri ushobora kuba waributsaga, kandi se, ni ba nde bagombaga gushyirwa mu bishimiraga uwo munsi mukuru?
5 Umunsi mukuru wa kabiri, wabaga ibyumweru birindwi (ni ukuvuga iminsi 49) nyuma y’itariki ya 16 Nisani, kandi wahuzaga n’umunsi wa 6 w’ukwezi kwa gatatu, ari ko Sivani, kukaba guhuza n’impera za Gicurasi kuri twe (Abalewi 23:15, 16). Witwaga Umunsi Mukuru w’Ibyumweru (mu gihe cya Yesu, nanone witwaga Pentekote, mu Kigiriki bikaba bisobanurwa ngo “Umunsi wa Mirongo Itanu”), kandi waberaga hafi rimwe n’igihe cy’umwaka Abisirayeli binjiriye mu isezerano ry’Amategeko ku Musozi Sinayi (Kuva 19:1, 2). Mu gihe cy’uwo munsi mukuru, Abisirayeli bizerwa bashobora kuba baratekerezaga ku gikundiro cyabo cyo kuba bari baratoranyirijwe kuba ishyanga ryera ry’Imana. Kuba bari ubwoko bwihariye bw’Imana, byabasabaga kumvira Amategeko y’Imana, urugero nk’itegeko ryo kwita ku batishoboye mu buryo bwuje urukundo, kugira ngo abo na bo bashobore kwishimira uwo munsi mukuru.—Abalewi 23:22; Gutegeka 16:10-12.
6. Ni ibihe bintu byabayeho, ubwoko bw’Imana bwibutswaga n’umunsi mukuru wa gatatu?
6 Uwa nyuma mu minsi mikuru itatu ikomeye yabaga buri mwaka, witwaga Umunsi Mukuru w’Isarura, cyangwa Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando. Wabaga mu kwezi kwa karindwi, ari ko Tishri, cyangwa Ethanimu, kuva ku munsi wa 15 kugeza ku wa 21, ukaba uhuje n’intangiriro z’ukwezi k’Ukwakira kuri twe (Abalewi 23:24). Muri icyo gihe, ubwoko bw’Imana bwabaga hanze y’amazu yabwo cyangwa ku bisenge byayo, mu bwugamo bw’agateganyo (ari bwo ingando) bwari bwubakishijwe amashami n’ibibabi by’ibiti. Ibyo byabibutsaga urugendo bamazemo imyaka 40 bava mu Egiputa bajya mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, igihe iryo shyanga ryagombaga kwitoza kwishingikiriza ku Mana kugira ngo ribone ibyo ryabaga rikeneye buri munsi.—Abalewi 23:42, 43; Gutegeka 8:15, 16.
7. Ni gute twungukirwa no kwiyibutsa iminsi mikuru yizihizwaga muri Isirayeli ya kera?
7 Reka twongere turebe iminsi mikuru imwe n’imwe yabaye ibihe by’ingenzi byaranze amateka y’ubwoko bw’Imana bwa kera. Ibyo byagombye kutubera isoko y’inkunga muri iki gihe, bitewe n’uko natwe dutumirirwa guhora duteranira hamwe, buri cyumweru, n’ubugira gatatu buri mwaka, mu makoraniro mato n’amanini.—Abaheburayo 10:24, 25.
Mu Gihe cy’Abami Bakomokaga Kuri Dawidi
8. (a) Ni uwuhe munsi mukuru utazibagirana mu mateka, wizihijwe mu gihe cy’Umwami Salomo? (b) Ni iyihe ndunduro ikomeye y’Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando wari waragereranyijwe, dushobora gutegerezanya amatsiko?
8 Umunsi mukuru utazibagirana mu mateka, wizihijwe ku Munsi Mukuru w’Ingando, wabayeho mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwarangwaga n’uburumbuke bw’Umwami Salomo, mwene Dawidi. “Iteraniro rinini cyane” ryakoraniyemo abantu baturukaga mu mpande zose z’Igihugu cy’Isezerano, bazanywe n’Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando no gutaha urusengero (2 Ngoma 7:8). Uwo munsi urangiye, Umwami Salomo yasezereye abari baje kuwizihiza, maze “bamusabira umugisha, basubira mu mahema yabo bishima; imitima yabo inejejwe n’ineza yose Uwiteka yagiriye umugaragu we Dawidi n’ubwoko bwe bwa Isirayeli” (1 Abami 8:66). Uwo wari umunsi mukuru w’ingenzi rwose. Muri iki gihe, abagaragu b’Imana bategerezanyije amatsiko kuzabona indunduro ikomeye y’Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando w’ikigereranyo, ku iherezo ry’Ubwami bw’Imyaka Igihumbi bwa Salomo Mukuru, ari we Yesu Kristo (Ibyahishuwe 20:3, 7-10, 14, 15). Muri icyo gihe, abantu bazaba batuye kuri buri mpera y’isi, hakubiyemo n’abazaba barazutse hamwe n’abazaba bararokotse Harimagedoni, bazunga ubumwe muri gahunda ishimishije yo kuyoboka Yehova Imana.—Zekariya 14:16.
9-11. (a) Ni iki cyatumye hakorwa umunsi mukuru w’ingenzi mu gihe cy’Umwami Hezekiya? (b) Ni uruhe rugero rwatanzwe n’abantu benshi baturutse mu bwami bwo mu majyaruguru bwari bugizwe n’imiryango icumi, kandi se, ibyo bitwibutsa iki muri iki gihe?
9 Undi munsi mukuru w’ingenzi uvugwa muri Bibiliya, wabaye nyuma y’ubutegetsi bw’Umwami mubi Ahazi, wari warakinze urusengero maze agashora ubwami bwa Yuda mu buhakanyi. Uwasimbuye Ahazi, yabaye Umwami mwiza Hezekiya. Mu mwaka wa mbere w’ubwami bwa Hezekiya, icyo gihe akaba yari afite imyaka 25, yatangije porogaramu ikomeye yo gusubiza ibintu mu buryo no kubivugurura. Yahise akingura urusengero kandi afata ingamba zo kurusana. Hanyuma, umwami yoherereje inzandiko Abisirayeli babaga mu bwami bw’Isirayeli bwo mu majyaruguru, bwari bugizwe n’imiryango icumi yari yarigometse, izo nzandiko zikaba zarabatumiriraga kuza kwizihiza Pasika n’Umunsi Mukuru w’Imigati Idasembuwe. Benshi baraje, n’ubwo bagenzi babo babahaga urw’amenyo.—2 Ngoma 30:1, 10, 11, 18.
10 Mbese, uwo munsi mukuru waba waragize icyo ugeraho? Bibiliya igira iti “maze Abisirayeli bari i Yerusalemu bamara iminsi irindwi, baziririza ibirori by’imitsima idasembuwe banezerewe cyane; kandi Abalewi n’abatambyi bagahimbaza Uwiteka uko bukeye, bamuvugiriza ibintu bivuga cyane” (2 Ngoma 30:21). Mbega urugero rwiza abo Bisirayeli bahaye abagize ubwoko bw’Imana muri iki gihe, abenshi muri bo bakaba bihanganira kurwanywa kandi bagakora urugendo rurerure bajya guterana amakoraniro!
11 Urugero, reka turebe Amakoraniro atatu y’Intara yari afite umutwe uvuga ngo “Kwiyegurira Imana,” yabereye muri Polonye mu mwaka wa 1989. Mu bantu bateranye bageraga ku 166.518, harimo amatsinda manini y’abantu baje baturuka mu cyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti no mu bindi bihugu byo mu Burayi bw’i Burasirazuba, aho umurimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova wari ubuzanyijwe muri icyo gihe. Igitabo Les Témoins de Jéhovah: Prédicateurs du Royaume de Dieub kigira kiti “kuri bamwe na bamwe bateranye muri ayo makoraniro, ni bwo bwa mbere bari bateraniye mu iteraniro rinini ry’abantu basaga 15 cyangwa 20 bagize ubwoko bwa Yehova. Imitima yabo yari yuzuye ugushimira, mu gihe batereraga ijisho ku bantu bagera mu bihumbi bibarirwa muri za mirongo bari muri za sitade, bakifatanya na bo mu isengesho, kandi bagahuriza hamwe amajwi yabo mu kuririmba indirimbo zo gusingiza Yehova.”—Ku ipaji ya 279.
12. Ni iki cyatumye hakorwa umunsi mukuru w’ingenzi mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Umwami Yosiya?
12 Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Hezekiya, Abayahudi bongeye guhindukirira ugusenga kw’ikinyoma, mu gihe cy’Umwami Manase na Amoni. Hanyuma, hakurikiyeho ubwami bw’undi mwami mwiza, ari we Yosiya wari ukiri muto, wakoranye ubutwari mu kugarura ugusenga k’ukuri. Igihe Yosiya yari afite imyaka 25, yategetse ko urusengero rwakongera gusanwa (2 Ngoma 34:8). Mu gihe isanwa ryari ririmo rikorwa, mu rusengero haje kuboneka Amategeko yanditswe na Mose. Ibyo Umwami Yosiya yasomye mu Mategeko y’Imana byamukoze ku mutima mu buryo bwimbitse, maze ashyiraho gahunda y’uko yasomerwa abantu bose (2 Ngoma 34:14, 30). Hanyuma akurikije ibyari byanditswe, yateguye uburyo bwo kwizihiza Pasika. Nanone kandi, uwo mwami yatanze urugero rwiza, mu kuzana impano itubutse ku bw’uwo munsi. Bibiliya ivuga ingaruka ibyo byagize, igira iti “mu Bisirayeli ntihigeze kuziririzwa Pasika nk’iyo, uhereye mu bihe by’umuhanuzi Samweli.”—2 Ngoma 35:7, 17, 18.
13. Muri iki gihe, ni iki twibutswa n’iminsi mikuru yizihijwe na Hezekiya na Yosiya?
13 Ivugurura ryakozwe na Hezekiya na Yosiya, rigereranya ukugarurwa guhebuje k’ugusenga k’ukuri, kwabaye mu Bakristo b’ukuri kuva aho Yesu Kristo yimikiwe mu mwaka wa 1914. Nk’uko byagenze cyane cyane mu gihe cy’ivugurura ryakozwe na Yosiya, uko kugarura ugusenga k’ukuri kwabayeho muri iki gihe, kwagiye gushingira ku byanditswe mu Ijambo ry’Imana. Kandi mu buryo buhuje n’igihe cya Hezekiya na Yosiya, kugarura ugusenga k’ukuri muri iki gihe, byaranzwe n’amakoraniro mato n’amanini, aho ibisobanuro bishishikaje by’ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, n’uburyo buhuje n’igihe bwo gukurikiza amahame ya Bibiliya, byagiye bitsindagirizwa. Umubare munini w’abantu babatijwe, watumye ibyo bihe byigisha birushaho gushimisha. Kimwe n’Abisirayeli bihannye bo mu gihe cya Hezekiya na Yosiya, abo babatijwe bashya bateye umugongo ibikorwa bibi byo muri Kristendomu n’ikindi gice cy’isi ya Satani. Mu mwaka wa 1997, abantu basaga 375.000 barabatijwe, bagaragaza ko biyeguriye Imana yera, Yehova—ni ukuvuga mwayeni y’abantu basaga 1.000 buri munsi.
Nyuma yo Kuva mu Bunyage
14. Ni iki cyatumye hizihizwa umunsi mukuru w’ingenzi mu mwaka wa 537 M.I.C.?
14 Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Yosiya, iryo shyanga ryongeye guhindukirira ugusenga kw’ikinyoma kononekaye. Amaherezo, mu mwaka wa 607 M.I.C., Yehova yahannye ubwoko bwe, ateza Yerusalemu ingabo z’Abanyababuloni. Uwo murwa n’urusengero rwawo byararimbuwe, n’igihugu gihindurwa umusaka. Hakurikiyeho imyaka 70 Abayahudi bamaze mu bunyage i Babuloni. Hanyuma, Imana yaje gusubiza imbaraga mu Bayahudi basigaye bihannye, basubira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano kugira ngo bagarure ugusenga k’ukuri. Bageze mu murwa wa Yerusalemu wari warabaye amatongo, mu kwezi kwa karindwi k’umwaka wa 537 M.I.C. Ikintu cya mbere bakoze, ni ukubaka igicaniro cyo kujya batambiraho ibitambo bya buri munsi, nk’uko byagaragazwaga mu isezerano ry’Amategeko. Ibyo byabayeho mu gihe cyo kwizihiza undi munsi utazibagirana mu mateka. “Bagi[ze] ibirori byo kuziririza iminsi mikuru y’ingando nk’uko byanditswe.”—Ezira 3:1-4.
15. Ni uwuhe murimo wari utegereje abasigaye bari bongeye kugarurwa mu mwaka wa 537 M.I.C., kandi se, ni gute imimerere isa n’iyo yabayeho mu mwaka wa 1919?
15 Umurimo ukomeye wari utegereje abo bagarutse bavuye mu bunyage—ari wo wo kongera kubaka urusengero rw’Imana na Yerusalemu hamwe n’inkuta zayo. Hariho ukurwanywa gukomeye, kwaturukaga ku baturanyi babo bari babafitiye ishyari. Igihe urusengero rwarimo rwubakwa, cyari igihe cy’ “imishinga” (Zekariya 4:10). Iyo mimerere yagereranyaga iyo Abakristo basizwe bizerwa bari barimo mu mwaka wa 1919. Muri uwo mwaka utazibagirana, bavanywe mu bubata bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka bwa Babuloni Ikomeye, ari yo butware bw’isi yose bw’idini ry’ikinyoma. Bari ibihumbi bike gusa, kandi bari bahanganye n’isi yabarwanyaga. Mbese, abanzi b’Imana bashoboraga guhagarika ugusenga k’ukuri, ngo kureke gutera imbere? Igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo, kitwibutsa iminsi mikuru ibiri ya nyuma yizihizwaga, yanditswe mu Byanditswe bya Giheburayo.
16. Ni iki cyari ikintu kidasanzwe mu bihereranye n’umunsi mukuru wo mu mwaka wa 515 M.I.C.?
16 Amaherezo, urusengero rwaje kongera kubakwa mu kwezi kwa Adari, umwaka wa 515 M.I.C., mu gihe cyo kwizihiza wa munsi mukuru wo mu rugaryi rwo mu kwezi kwa Nisani, muri uwo mwaka. Bibiliya igira iti “baziririza iminsi mikuru irindwi y’imitsima idasembuwe, banezerewe kuko Uwiteka yabanejeje, kandi yahinduye umutima w’umwami wa Ashuri akabagarukira, kandi akabatwerera amaboko yo gukora umurimo w’inzu y’Imana [y’ukuri], ni yo Mana ya Isirayeli.”—Ezira 6:22.
17, 18. (a) Ni uwuhe munsi mukuru w’ingenzi wakozwe mu mwaka wa 455 M.I.C.? (b) Ni gute turi mu mimerere nk’iyo muri iki gihe?
17 Imyaka mirongo itandatu nyuma y’aho, ni ukuvuga mu mwaka wa 455 M.I.C., hari indi ntambwe y’ingenzi yagezweho. Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando wo muri uwo mwaka, waranze isohozwa ry’imirimo yo kongera kubaka inkuta za Yerusalemu. Bibiliya igira iti “iteraniro ryose ry’abari bagarutse, bava mu bunyage, baca ingando baziraramo; ariko uhereye mu gihe cya Yosuwa mwene Nuni ukageza kuri uwo munsi ntabwo Abisirayeli bagenzaga batyo; ubwo habaho umunezero mwinshi cyane.”—Nehemiya 8:17.
18 Mbega ukugarurwa kutazibagirana kwa gahunda y’ukuri yo gusenga Imana, n’ubwo habayeho ukurwanywa gukaze! Hariho imimerere nk’iyo muri iki gihe. N’ubwo hagiye habaho gutotezwa no kurwanywa biturutse hirya no hino, umurimo ukomeye wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami bw’Imana wageze ku mpera z’isi, kandi ubutumwa bw’urubanza rw’Imana bwumvikanye mu turere twa kure cyane (Matayo 24:14). Igikorwa cyo gushyira ikimenyetso cya nyuma ku basigaye bo mu bagize 144.000 basizwe, kigiye kurangira. Bagenzi babo basaga miriyoni eshanu bagize “izindi ntama,” bagiye bakorakoranywa bavanywe mu mahanga yose, maze bo hamwe n’abasigaye basizwe, baba “umukumbi umwe” (Yohana 10:16; Ibyahishuwe 7:3, 9, 10). Mbega isohozwa rihebuje ry’ishusho y’ubuhanuzi buhereranye n’Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando! Kandi uwo murimo ukomeye wo gukorakoranya, uzakomeza kugeza mu isi nshya, igihe abantu babarirwa muri za miriyari bazaba barazutse, bazatumirirwa kwifatanya mu kwizihiza Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando w’ikigereranyo.—Zekariya 14:16-19.
Mu Kinyejana cya Mbere I.C.
19. Ni iki cyatumye Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando wo mu mwaka wa 32 I.C. uba umunsi uhambaye?
19 Nta gushidikanya ko mu minsi mikuru y’ingenzi kurusha iyindi yose yanditswe muri Bibiliya, harimo iyizihijwe n’Umwana w’Imana, ari we Yesu Kristo. Urugero, reka turebe igihe Yesu yifatanyaga mu Munsi Mukuru w’Ingando mu mwaka wa 32 I.C. Yaboneyeho umwanya wo kwigisha ukuri kw’ingenzi, kandi inyigisho ye yayishimangije amagambo yo mu Byanditswe bya Giheburayo (Yohana 7:2, 14, 37-39). Ikimenyetso cya buri gihe cyarangaga uwo munsi mukuru, ni akamenyero kabagaho ko gucana ibitereko bine binini by’amatabaza byo mu rugo rw’imbere rw’urusengero. Ibyo byatumaga abantu bishimira ibyakorwaga muri uwo munsi mukuru, bikaba byarakomezaga na nijoro. Uko bigaragara, Yesu yerekezaga kuri ayo matara akomeye, igihe yavugaga ati “ni jye mucyo w’isi: unkurikira ntazagenda mu mwijima na hato, ahubwo azaba afite umucyo w’ubugingo.”—Yohana 8:12.
20. Kuki Pasika yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C. yari ihambaye?
20 Nyuma y’aho, haje gukurikiraho Pasika n’Umunsi Mukuru w’Imigati Idasembuwe, yo mu mwaka w’ingenzi cyane wa 33 I.C. Kuri uwo Munsi wa Pasika ni ho Yesu yishwe n’abanzi be, maze aba Umwana w’Intama wa Pasika w’ikigereranyo, wapfuye kugira ngo akureho “ibyaha by’abari mu isi” (Yohana 1:29; 1 Abakorinto 5:7). Iminsi itatu nyuma y’aho, ku itariki ya 16 Nisani, Imana yazuye Yesu afite umubiri udapfa w’umwuka. Ibyo byahuriranye n’umuhango wo gutanga ituro ry’umuganura w’umusaruro wa sayiri, nk’uko byategekwaga n’Amategeko. Bityo rero, Umwami Yesu Kristo wazutse, ni we wabaye ‘umuganura w’abasinziriye’ mu rupfu.—1 Abakorinto 15:20.
21. Ni iki cyabaye kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C.?
21 Umunsi mukuru uhebuje by’ukuri, wabaye uwa Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C. Kuri uwo munsi, hari Abayahudi n’abanyamahanga bahindukiriye idini rya Kiyahudi benshi bari bateraniye i Yerusalemu, hakubiyemo n’abigishwa ba Yesu bageraga hafi ku 120. Mu gihe umunsi mukuru wari ugikomeza, Umwami Yesu Kristo wazutse, yasutse umwuka wera w’Imana kuri abo 120 (Ibyakozwe 1:15; 2:1-4, 33). Muri ubwo buryo, barasizwe maze bahinduka ishyanga rishya ryatoranyijwe n’Imana binyuriye ku isezerano rishya Yesu Kristo abereye umuhuza. Muri uwo munsi mukuru, umutambyi mukuru w’Abayahudi yaturaga Imana imigati ibiri isembuwe, ikozwe mu muganura w’umusaruro w’ingano (Abalewi 23:15-17). Iyo migati yabaga yasembuwe, yagereranyaga abantu 144.000 badatunganye, abo Yesu ‘yacunguriye Imana’ kuba “abami n’abatambyi . . . bazīma mu isi” (Ibyahishuwe 5:9, 10; 14:1, 3). Kuba abo bategetsi bo mu ijuru bava ku mashami abiri y’abantu badatunganye, ni ukuvuga Abayahudi n’Abanyamahanga, na byo bishobora kugereranywa n’imigati ibiri isembuwe.
22. (a) Kuki Abakristo batizihiza iminsi mikuru yo mu isezerano ry’Amategeko? (b) Ni iki tuzasuzuma mu gice gikurikira?
22 Igihe isezerano rishya ryatangiraga gukora kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., ibyo byasobanuraga ko isezerano rya kera ry’Amategeko ritari rigifite agaciro mu maso y’Imana (2 Abakorinto 3:14; Abaheburayo 9:15; 10:16). Ibyo ntibishaka kuvuga ko Abakristo basizwe badafite amategeko abagenga. Bagendera ku mategeko y’Imana, ayo Yesu Kristo yigishije, kandi akaba yanditswe mu mitima yabo (Abagalatiya 6:2). Ku bw’ibyo rero, nta bwo Abakristo bizihiza iminsi mikuru itatu yakorwaga buri mwaka, bitewe n’uko yari mu bigize isezerano rya kera ry’Amategeko (Abakolosayi 2:16, 17). Ariko kandi, dushobora kumenyera byinshi ku myifatire abagaragu b’Imana bo mu gihe cya mbere y’Ubukristo bari bafite, ku birebana n’iminsi mikuru yabo, n’andi materaniro ahereranye no gusenga. Mu gice cyacu gikurikira, tuzasuzuma ingero zizadusunikira twese nta gushidikanya gufatana uburemere akamaro ko guterana amateraniro ya Gikristo buri gihe.
[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]
a Cyanditswe na Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
b Reba nanone igitabo Insight on the Scriptures, cyanditswe na Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., Umubumbe wa 1, ku ipaji ya 820, uruhande rwa 1, paragarafu ya 1 n’iya 3, ku gatwe gato kavuga ngo “Umunsi Mukuru.”
Ibibazo by’Isubiramo
◻ Iminsi mikuru itatu y’ingenzi y’Abisirayeli yari igamije iki?
◻ Ni iki cyaranze iminsi mikuru yo mu gihe cya Hezekiya na Yosiya?
◻ Ni iyihe ntambwe y’ingenzi yizihijwe mu mwaka wa 455 M.I.C., kandi se, kuki ibyo bidutera inkunga?
◻ Ni iki cyari ikintu kidasanzwe, ku bihereranye na Pasika na
[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 12]
ICYO IYO MINSI MIKURU ITWIGISHA
Abantu bose bifuza kuzabonera inyungu zirambye mu gitambo cy’impongano y’ibyaha cya Yesu, bagomba kubaho mu buryo buhuje n’ibyo Umunsi Mukuru w’Imigati Idasembuwe ushushanya. Uwo munsi mukuru w’ikigereranyo, ni ibirori by’ibyishimo byizihizwa n’Abakristo basizwe, ku bwo kubohorwa kwabo bavanwa muri iyi si mbi, no kugobotorwa mu mimerere yo kubarwaho icyaha, binyuriye ku ncungu ya Yesu (Abagalatiya 1:4; Abakolosayi 1:13, 14). Umunsi mukuru usanzwe, wamaraga iminsi irindwi—uwo ukaba ari umubare ukoreshwa muri Bibiliya mu kugereranya ikintu cyuzuye mu buryo bw’umwuka. Umunsi mukuru w’ikigereranyo, uzamara igihe cyose itorero ry’Abakristo basizwe rizamara ku isi, kandi ugomba kwizihizwa mu “kuri no kutaryarya.” Ibyo bivuga guhora umuntu yirinda umusemburo w’ikigereranyo. Muri Bibiliya, umusemburo ukoreshwa mu kugereranya inyigisho zononekaye, uburyarya, n’ububi. Abasenga Yehova by’ukuri, bagomba kwanga urunuka bene uwo musemburo, ntibatume wonona imibereho yabo bwite, kandi ntibatume wangiza ukwera kw’itorero rya Gikristo.—1 Abakorinto 5:6-8; Matayo 16:6, 12.
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 9]
Umuba w’umusaruro mushya wa sayiri watangwagaho ituro buri mwaka ku itariki ya 16 Nisani, umunsi Yesu yazutseho
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 10]
Igihe Yesu yiyitaga “[u]mucyo w’isi,” ashobora kuba yarerekezaga ku matara yacanwaga mu gihe cy’umunsi mukuru