Igice cya cumi na kimwe
Ibyigomeke bizabona ishyano!
1. Ni irihe kosa rikomeye Yerobowamu yakoze?
IGIHE ubwoko bwa Yehova bw’isezerano bwigabanyagamo ubwami bubiri, ubwami bw’amajyaruguru bw’imiryango icumi bwayobowe na Yerobowamu. Uwo mwami mushya yari umutware ushoboye, w’umunyambaraga. Ariko ntiyizeraga Yehova by’ukuri. Ibyo byatumye akora ikosa rikomeye cyane ryagize ingaruka mbi ku mateka yose y’ubwami bw’amajyaruguru. Amategeko ya Mose yasabaga Abisirayeli gukora urugendo incuro eshatu buri mwaka bakajya mu rusengero rw’i Yerusalemu, mu bwami bw’amajyepfo bwa Yuda (Gutegeka 16:16). Yerobowamu yatinye ko izo ngendo za buri gihe zazatuma abayoboke be bashaka kwiyunga n’abavandimwe babo bo mu majyepfo, maze “arema ibishushanyo by’inyana bibiri mu izahabu, abwira abantu ati ‘byabarushya kujya muzamuka mujya i Yerusalemu. Wa bwoko bw’Abisirayeli we, ngizo imana zawe zagukuye mu gihugu cya Egiputa!’ Maze kimwe agishyira i Beteli, ikindi agishyira i Dani.”—1 Abami 12:28, 29.
2, 3. Ni izihe ngaruka ikosa rya Yerobowamu ryagize kuri Isirayeli?
2 Mu gihe gito, byasaga n’aho umugambi wa Yerobowamu ugenda neza. Buhoro buhoro abantu baretse kujya bajya i Yerusalemu maze batangira gusengera imbere ya za nyana ebyiri (1 Abami 12:30). Nyamara, ubwo buhakanyi bwononnye ubwami bw’imiryango icumi. Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, ndetse na Yehu wagaragaje umwete ukwiriye gushimwa mu kuvanaho gahunda yo gusenga Baali muri Isirayeli, yakomeje gupfukamira izo nyana za zahabu (2 Abami 10:28, 29). Ni izihe ngaruka zindi zatewe n’umwanzuro mubi kandi ubabaje Yerobowamu yafashe? Habayeho impagarara mu bya politiki, n’abaturage bagira imibabaro.
3 Kubera ko Yerobowamu yabaye umuhakanyi, Yehova yavuze ko nta muntu wo mu rubyaro rwe wari gutegeka igihugu, kandi ko amaherezo ubwami bw’amajyaruguru bwari kugira amakuba akomeye cyane (1 Abami 14:14, 15). Ijambo rya Yehova ryarasohoye. Barindwi mu bami bategetse Isirayeli bagiye bamara ku ngoma imyaka ibiri gusa cyangwa ntibayigezeho. Hari n’abategetse iminsi mike gusa. Umwami umwe yariyahuye, abandi batandatu bicwa n’abantu bashakaga ingoma. Isirayeli yaje kuyogozwa n’imvururu, urugomo n’ubwicanyi, cyane cyane nyuma y’ubutegetsi bwa Yerobowamu wa II, bwarangiye ahagana mu mwaka wa 804 M.I.C., ubwo Uziya yategekaga i Buyuda. Iyo mimerere ni yo yatumye Yehova atuma Yesaya ngo ajye guha ubwami bw’amajyaruguru umuburo utaziguye cyangwa “ubutumwa.” Yesaya yagize ati “Uwiteka yatumye ubutumwa kuri Yakobo, bugera kuri Isirayeli.”—Yesaya 9:7.a
Ubwibone n’agasuzuguro ni byo byatumye Imana ibarakarira
4. Ni ubuhe ‘butumwa’ Yehova yoherereje Isirayeli, kandi kuki?
4 Nta wari kuyoberwa “ubutumwa” bwa Yehova. “Abefurayimu n’abaturage b’i Samariya bose bazabimenya, abo ni bo bavugana ubwibone no kwinangira imitima” (Yesaya 9:8). Amazina “Yakobo,” “Isirayeli,” “Efurayimu” na Samariya yose yerekeza ku bwami bw’amajyaruguru bwa Isirayeli, muri bwo umuryango wa Efurayimu ukaba ari wo wari ukomeye, naho Samariya ikaba umurwa mukuru. Ubutumwa Yehova yoherereje ubwo bwami bwari ubutumwa bukomeye bw’urubanza, kubera ko Abefurayimu bari barabaye abahakanyi binangiye, kandi bagasuzugura Yehova bakamwubahuka. Imana ntiyari kurinda abo bantu ingaruka z’imyifatire yabo mibi. Bari guhatirwa kumva ubutumwa bw’Imana, bakabwitondera.—Abagalatiya 6:7.
5. Abisirayeli bagaragaje bate ko batari bitaye ku gihano Yehova yabahaye?
5 Uko ibintu byagendaga birushaho kuzamba, ni na ko abantu batakazaga ibintu byinshi. Batakaje n’amazu ubusanzwe yabaga yubakishijwe amatafari ya rukarakara n’ibiti bidahenze. Mbese ibyo byatumye bagarura agatima? Byaba se byaratumye bumvira ibyo abahanuzi ba Yehova bababwiraga, maze bakagarukira Imana y’ukuri?b Yesaya yanditse ukuntu basubizanyije agasuzuguro bagira bati “amatafari yaraguye, ariko tuzubakisha amabuye abaje, imivumu yaratemwe, ariko mu cyimbo cyayo tuzakoresha imyerezi” (Yesaya 9:9). Abisirayeli basuzuguye Yehova, kandi birengagije abahanuzi be bababwiraga impamvu zatumaga bagerwaho n’ibyo byago. Mbese ni nk’aho bavugaga bati ‘amazu yasenyutse yari aya rukarakara n’ibiti bidafashije, ariko tuzubaka andi ayarusha ubwiza kandi akomeye; yubakishije amabuye abaje n’imyerezi!’ (Gereranya na Yobu 4:19.) Nta kundi Yehova yari kubigenza uretse gukomeza igihano yari yarabahaye.—Gereranya na Yesaya 48:22.
6. Ni gute Yehova yaburijemo umugambi Abasiriya n’Abisirayeli bacuze wo kurwanya u Buyuda?
6 Yesaya yakomeje agira ati “Uwiteka azahagurukiriza abanzi ba Resini gutera Efurayimu” (Yesaya 9:10a). Umwami Peka wa Isirayeli yishyize hamwe n’Umwami Resini wa Siriya. Bari bafite umugambi wo kwigarurira ubwami bwa Yuda bw’imiryango ibiri, maze ku ntebe y’ubwami ya Yehova y’i Yerusalemu bakishyiriraho umwami wiswe “mwene Tabēli” bari kuzajya bitegekera (Yesaya 7:6). Ariko uwo mugambi wari gupfuba. Resini yari afite abanzi bakomeye, kandi Yehova yari ‘guhagurukiriza’ abo banzi “gutera” Isirayeli. ‘Kubahagurutsa’ bisobanura ko yari kubareka bakarwana intambara kandi bakayitsinda, noneho ishyirahamwe ryabo rigasenyuka n’intego zabo zikaburizwamo.
7, 8. Byagendekeye bite Isirayeli Ashuri imaze kwigarurira Siriya?
7 Iryo shyirahamwe ryatangiye gusenyuka igihe Ashuri yateraga Siriya. ‘Umwami wa Ashuri yateye i Damasiko [umurwa mukuru wa Siriya] arahatsinda, maze ajyana abaho ari imbohe i Kiri, kandi yica Resini’ (2 Abami 16:9). Kubera ko Peka yari abuze umuntu ukomeye bari bafatanyije, ntiyashoboye kugera ku migambi ye yo kurwanya u Buyuda. Ahubwo nyuma gato y’urupfu rwa Resini, Hoseya yishe Peka, hanyuma yigarurira intebe y’ubwami ya Samariya.—2 Abami 15:23-25, 30.
8 Siriya yari yarahoze ifatanyije na Isirayeli yari isigaye itegekwa n’ubutegetsi bw’igihangange muri ako karere bwa Ashuri. Yesaya yahanuye ukuntu Yehova yari gukoresha iyo mpinduka muri politiki agira ati ‘[Yehova] azamuhagurukiriza n’ababisha be [ni ukuvuga Isirayeli]; Abasiriya bazamuturuka imbere, Abafilisitiya na bo bamuturuke inyuma; bazasamira Isirayeli bamurye. Nyamara uburakari bw’Uwiteka ntiburashira, ahubwo ukuboko kwe kuracyabanguye’ (Yesaya 9:10b, 11). Siriya yari isigaye yangana na Isirayeli, bityo Isirayeli ikaba yaragombaga kwitegura igitero yari kugabwaho na Ashuri ifatanyije na Siriya. Ashuri yatsinze icyo gitero maze Hoseya wari warihaye ubutegetsi aba ingaruzwamuheto, kandi icyo gihugu kimusaba gutanga ikoro ritubutse. (Mu myaka mike yabarirwaga muri za mirongo mbere y’aho, Ashuri yari yarahawe n’Umwami Menahemu wa Isirayeli akayabo k’amafaranga.) Mbega ukuntu umuhanuzi Hoseya yabivuze ukuri, agira ati “[Efurayimu] abanyamahanga bamumazemo imbaraga ze”!—Hoseya 7:9; 2 Abami 15:19, 20; 17:1-3.
9. Kuki dushobora kuvuga ko Abafilisitiya bateye ‘baturutse inyuma’?
9 Mbese, Yesaya ntiyanavuze ko Abafilisitiya bari gutera Isirayeli ‘bayiturutse inyuma’? Yego rwose. Mbere y’uko habaho ibyuma byerekana amerekezo, Abaheburayo bagaragazaga amerekezo bafatiye ku muntu wabaga ahagaze areba aho izuba rirasira. Ubwo imbere habaga ari “iburasirazuba,” naho iburengerazuba ku nkombe aho Abafilisitiya bari batuye hakaba hari “inyuma.” “Isirayeli” yavuzwe muri Yesaya 9:11 ishobora aha ngaha kuba yari ikubiyemo n’u Buyuda, kubera ko ku ngoma ya Ahazi wabayeho mu gihe kimwe na Peka Abafilisitiya bateye u Buyuda, maze bakigarurira imijyi imwe n’imwe yaho n’ibihome byaho, baranahatura. Kimwe na Efurayimu mu majyaruguru, u Buyuda na bwo bwari bukwiriye guhabwa icyo gihano giturutse kuri Yehova, kubera ko na bwo bwarimo ubuhakanyi.—2 Ngoma 28:1-4, 18, 19.
Ni ishyanga ry’ibyigomeke kuva ku ‘mutwe [kugeza ku] kibuno’
10, 11. Ni ikihe gihano Yehova yari guha Isirayeli bitewe n’uko yakomezaga kwigomeka?
10 Ubwami bw’amajyaruguru bwakomeje kwigomeka kuri Yehova, n’ubwo bwagezweho n’imibabaro myinshi, n’abahanuzi ba Yehova bakabuhanurira amagambo akomeye. “Abantu ntibagarukiye uwabahannye, kandi ntibashatse Uwiteka Nyiringabo” (Yesaya 9:12). Ni yo mpamvu yatumye uwo muhanuzi agira ati ‘Uwiteka azaca Isirayeli umutwe n’ikibuno, inkindo n’imiberanya icyarimwe. Umugabo mukuru w’icyubahiro ni we mutwe, n’umuhanuzi wigisha ibinyoma ni we kibuno. Abayobora aba bantu barabayobya, kandi abo bayoboye bararimbuka.’—Yesaya 9:13-15.
11 “Umutwe” n’“inkindo” byagereranyaga “umugabo mukuru w’icyubahiro,” ni ukuvuga abayoboraga iryo shyanga. “Ikibuno” n’“imiberanya” ni abahanuzi b’ibinyoma babwiraga abayobozi babo amagambo yari abanogeye. Hari intiti mu bya Bibiliya yanditse iti “abahanuzi b’ibinyoma bitwa ikibuno kubera ko bari barataye umuco kurusha abandi bantu bose, kandi bagakorera mu kwaha kw’abayobozi b’abagome kandi bakabashyigikira.” Umwarimu wo muri kaminuza witwa Edward J. Young yavuze iby’abo bahanuzi b’ibinyoma agira ati “nta bayobozi bari babarimo, ahubwo bakurikiraga buhumyi abayobozi babo, bakabashyeshyenga bakanabikundwakazaho; mbese bameze nk’umurizo w’imbwa ugenda wizunguza.”—Gereranya na 2 Timoteyo 4:3.
‘Imfubyi n’abapfakazi’ na bo babaye ibyigomeke
12. Ni mu rugero rungana iki ukononekara kwari kwaracengeye mu Bisirayeli?
12 Yehova ni we Murengezi w’abapfakazi n’imfubyi (Kuva 22:21, 22). Iyumvire ariko ibyo Yesaya yavuze icyo gihe agira ati ‘Uwiteka ntazishimira abasore babo, ye kuzababarira imfubyi zabo n’abapfakazi babo, kuko umuntu wese asuzugura Imana akaba ari inkozi y’ibibi, kandi akanwa kose kavuga ibinyabapfu. Nyamara uburakari bw’Uwiteka ntiburashira, ahubwo ukuboko kwe kuracyabanguye’ (Yesaya 9:16). Ubuhakanyi bwari bwaramunze abantu b’ingeri zose, hakubiyemo n’abapfakazi n’imfubyi! Yehova yakomeje kwihangana akohereza abahanuzi be, yiringiye ko abantu bari guhindura inzira zabo. Urugero, Hoseya yarabinginze ati “Isirayeli we, garukira Uwiteka Imana yawe, kuko wagushijwe n’igicumuro cyawe” (Hoseya 14:2). Mbega ukuntu Umurengezi w’abapfakazi n’imfubyi agomba kuba yarababajwe n’uko yagombaga kubasohorezaho urubanza na bo!
13. Ni irihe somo dushobora kuvana ku mimerere yariho mu gihe cya Yesaya?
13 Kimwe na Yesaya, turi mu bihe bigoye bibanziriza umunsi wa Yehova wo guciraho iteka ababi (2 Timoteyo 3:1-5). Bityo rero, ni ngombwa ko Abakristo b’ukuri, uko imimerere yabo mu buzima yaba iri kose, bakomeza kuba abantu batanduye mu buryo bw’umwuka, mu byerekeye umuco no mu bwenge, kugira ngo bemerwe n’Imana! Turifuza ko buri wese yakomeza kuba maso, akarinda imishyikirano afitanye na Yehova. Turifuza ko hatagira umuntu n’umwe wamaze guhunga “Babuloni ikomeye” wakongera ‘gufatanya n’ibyaha byayo.’—Ibyahishuwe 18:2, 4.
Ugusenga kw’ikinyoma gutuma habaho urugomo
14, 15. (a) Ni izihe ngaruka zituruka ku gusenga abadayimoni? (b) Yesaya yahanuye ko Isirayeli yari gukomeza kugerwaho n’iyihe mibabaro?
14 Mu by’ukuri, ugusenga kw’ikinyoma ni gahunda yo gusenga abadayimoni (1 Abakorinto 10:20). Nk’uko byagaragaye mbere y’Umwuzure, abadayimoni ni bo bakurura urugomo (Itangiriro 6:11, 12). Ntibitangaje rero ko mu gihe Abisirayeli bahindukaga abahakanyi maze bagatangira gusenga abadayimoni, igihugu cyuzuye urugomo.—Gutegeka 32:17; Zaburi 106:35-38.
15 Yesaya yasobanuye mu buryo bushishikaje ukuntu urugomo rwari rwogeye muri Isirayeli. Yagize ati ‘gukiranirwa gutwika nk’umuriro utwika imifatangwe n’amahwa, ndetse ugakongeza n’ibihuru byo mu ishyamba, bikazingazingwa mu mwotsi utumbagira hejuru nk’ibicu bicuze umwijima. Uburakari bw’Uwiteka Nyiringabo ni bwo butumye igihugu gikongoka abantu bakamera nk’inkwi zicana umuriro, nta wubabarira mwene se. Umuntu azahubuza ibyokurya iburyo bwe ariko agumye asonze, azarya n’iby’ibumoso na bwo ye guhaga. Umuntu wese azarya inyama yo ku kuboko kwe. Manase azarya Efurayimu, Efurayimu na we azarya Manase, kandi bombi bazifatanya batere Yuda. Nyamara uburakari bw’Uwiteka ntiburashira, ahubwo ukuboko kwe kuracyabanguye.’—Yesaya 9:17-20.
16. Ni gute amagambo yo muri Yesaya 9:17-20 yasohoye?
16 Kimwe n’umuriro uva mu gihuru kimwe ugakongeza ikindi, urugomo rwogeye hose mu buryo butagira igaruriro kandi rwahise rukongeza n’“ibihuru byo mu ishyamba,” maze ishyamba ryose rikongezwa n’umuriro w’urugomo. Abahanga mu gutanga ibisobanuro kuri Bibiliya, ari bo Keil na Delitzsch, bagaragaje intera urugomo rwari rwarafashe bavuga ko “barimburanye ibi bya kinyamaswa mu gihe cy’akajagari k’intambara yabashyamiranyije. Kubera ko nta mpuhwe bari bakigira, baraconshomeranaga kandi ntibahage.” Birashoboka ko imiryango ya Efurayimu na Manase ivugwa aha ngaha kubera ko ari yo yari ikomeye mu bwami bw’amajyaruguru; kandi mu miryango yose icumi ni yo yari ifite icyo ipfana kurusha indi kubera ko yakomokaga ku bahungu babiri ba Yozefu. Nyamara bakomeje kwicana kandi ari abavandimwe, keretse gusa mu gihe barwanyaga u Buyuda mu majyepfo.—2 Ngoma 28:1-8.
Abacamanza bamunzwe na ruswa bahura n’Umucamanza wabo
17, 18. Ni iki kigaragaza ko abacamanza n’abategetsi bo muri Isirayeli bari baramunzwe na ruswa?
17 Hanyuma, Yehova yahindukiranye abacamanza n’abandi batware bo muri Isirayeli bamunzwe na ruswa, abarebana igitsure cy’umucamanza. Abo bakoreshaga nabi ububasha bwabo, bagasahura abakene n’abababaye babaganaga bashaka ko babarenganura. Yesaya yagize ati “bazabona ishyano abategeka amategeko yo guca urwa kibera, n’abanditsi bandikira ibigoramye kugira ngo birengagize abakene badaca urubanza rwabo, bagahuguza abatindi bo mu bantu banjye, n’abapfakazi bakaba umunyago wabo, kandi impfubyi bazigira umuhigo wabo.”—Yesaya 10:1, 2.
18 Amategeko ya Yehova yabuzanyaga uburyo ubwo ari bwo bwose bw’akarengane. Hari itegeko ryagiraga riti “ntimukagoreke imanza, ntimugace urwa kibera mwohejwe no gukunda umukene cyangwa no kubaha ukomeye, ahubwo ujye ucira mugenzi wawe urubanza rutabera” (Abalewi 19:15). Abo batware birengagije iryo tegeko maze bishyiriraho ayabo ‘mategeko yo guca urwa kibera,’ kugira ngo barengere ibikorwa by’ubujura bweruye kandi burangwa n’ubugome bukabije byo guhuguza abapfakazi n’imfubyi utuntu twabo. Birumvikana ko imana z’ibinyoma zo muri Isirayeli zitabonaga ako karengane, ariko Yehova we yarabibonaga. Binyuriye kuri Yesaya, Yehova yihanije abo bacamanza b’abagome.
19, 20. Ni gute imimerere y’abacamanza b’Abisirayeli bamunzwe na ruswa yari guhinduka, kandi se, “icyubahiro” cyabo cyari kumera gite?
19 “None se ku munsi w’amakuba no mu irimbura rizaturuka kure muzamera mute? Muzahungira kuri nde ngo abakize, kandi icyubahiro cyawe uzagisiga he? Bazacishwa bugufi babe hasi y’imbohe, kandi bazagwa babe munsi y’intumbi” (Yesaya 10:3, 4a). Abapfakazi n’imfubyi ntibari bafite abacamanza b’inyangamugayo bakwiyambaza. Bityo rero, byari bikwiriye ko Yehova abaza abo bacamanza b’Abisirayeli uwo bari guhungiraho, kuko yari agiye kubaryoza ibyo bakoze. Ni koko, bari bagiye kwibonera ko “biteye ubwoba gusumirwa n’amaboko y’Imana ihoraho.”—Abaheburayo 10:31.
20 “Icyubahiro” cy’abo bacamanza b’abagome, ni ukuvuga ishema bari bafite mu isi, n’ububasha bahabwaga n’ubutunzi bwabo n’umwanya barimo, byari bigiye kurangira. Bamwe bari kuba imfungwa z’intambara, ‘bagacishwa bugufi’ cyangwa bakicara hasi hagati y’izindi mfungwa, mu gihe abandi basigaye bari kwicwa maze intumbi zabo zigatwikirwa n’iz’abandi bishwe mu ntambara. Nanone “icyubahiro” cyabo cyari gishingiye ku butunzi bari barahuguje, bukaba bwari gusahurwa n’abanzi babo.
21. Mbese ibihano Abisirayeli bahawe byaba byaratumye uburakari bwa Yehova buhagarara?
21 Yesaya yashoje icyo gika cya nyuma avuga ikintu kibabaje cyane, agira ati “nyamara [n’ubwo iyo mibabaro yose yageze kuri iryo shyanga] uburakari bw’Uwiteka ntiburashira, ahubwo ukuboko kwe kuracyabanguye” (Yesaya 10:4b). Ni koko, Yehova yari agifite icyo abwira Isirayeli. Yari gukomeza kubangura ukuboko kwe kugeza ubwo yari kuba amaze guteza ubwami bwigometse bw’amajyaruguru amakuba ya nyuma akaburimbura.
Ntitukemere kugwa mu mutego w’ibinyoma n’ubwikunde
22. Ni irihe somo dushobora kuvana ku byageze kuri Isirayeli?
22 Amagambo Yehova yabwiye Isirayeli binyuriye kuri Yesaya, yari amagambo akomeye cyane kandi ‘ntiyagarutse ubusa’ (Yesaya 55:10, 11). Amateka agaragaza ukuntu ubwami bw’amajyaruguru bwa Isirayeli bwagize iherezo ribabaje, kandi dushobora kwiyumvisha ukuntu abaturage babwo bagize imibabaro ikomeye. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ijambo ry’Imana rizasohorezwa ku isi ya none, cyane cyane ku madini y’abahakanyi biyita Abakristo. Bityo rero, mbega ukuntu ari iby’ingenzi ko Abakristo birinda gutegera amatwi ibinyoma cyangwa poropagande zirwanya Imana! Kuva kera kose, Ijambo ry’Imana ryagiye rigaragaza amayeri ya Satani kugira ngo tudashukwa na yo nk’uko byagendekeye abantu bo muri Isirayeli ya kera (2 Abakorinto 2:11). Nimucyo twese twe kuzigera na rimwe tureka gusenga Yehova mu ‘mwuka no mu kuri’ (Yohana 4:24). Ibyo bizatuma ukuboko kwe kubanguye kudakubita abamusenga nk’uko kwakubise Abefurayimu bamugomeye; ahubwo amaboko ye azababumbatira mu buryo burangwa n’ubwuzu, kandi azabafasha kugendera mu nzira igana mu buzima bw’iteka ku isi izahinduka paradizo.—Yakobo 4:8.
[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]
a Amagambo yo muri Yesaya 9:7–10:4 yanditswe mu buryo bw’igisigo cy’ibika bine, buri gika kikaba gisozwa n’inyikirizo irimo amagambo asura amakuba, agira ati “nyamara uburakari bw’Uwiteka ntiburashira, ahubwo ukuboko kwe kuracyabanguye” (Yesaya 9:11, 16, 20; 10:4). Ubwo buryo butuma ibivugwa muri Yesaya 9:7–10:4 biba nk’aho ari “ubutumwa” bumwe (Yesaya 9:7). Zirikana nanone ko Yehova ‘akibanguye ukuboko kwe,’ atari ukugira ngo ashake ubwiyunge, ahubwo ari ukugira ngo ace urubanza.—Yesaya 9:12.
b Abahanuzi Yehova yatumye ku bwami bw’amajyaruguru bwa Isirayeli ni Yehu (atari umwami Yehu), Eliya, Mikaya, Elisha, Yona, Odedi, Hoseya, Amosi na Mika.
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 139]
Urugomo rwayogoje Isirayeli, nk’uko umuriro utwika ishyamba
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 141]
Ababuza abandi amahwemo Yehova azabaryoza ibyo bakoze