Tube abarobyi b’abantu
“Yesu abgira Simoni ati: Witinya; uhereye non’ uzajy’urob’ abantu.”—LUKA 5:10.
1, 2. (a) Ni uruhe ruhare uburobyi bwagize mu mateka y’ikiremwamuntu? (b) Ni ubuhe bwoko bushya bw’uburobyi bwatangijwe mbere y’imyaka hafi 2.000 ishize?
MU MYAKA ibihumbi, ikiremwamuntu cyagiye kiroba mu nyanja, mu biyaga no mu migezi yo mu isi kugira ngo bibonere ibyo kurya. Muri Egiputa ya kera, amafi yo mu ruzi Nili yari afite uruhare rukomeye mu mirire y’aho. Igihe amazi yo muri urwo ruzi yahindurwaga amaraso mu minsi ya Mose, Abanyegiputa barahababariye, bidatewe no kubura amazi gusa, ahubwo nanone bitewe no kubura ibyo kurya kubera ko amafi yari yapfuye. Nyuma y’aho, ku musozi Sinai, ubwo Yehova yahaga Isirayeli Amategeko, yababwiye ko amafi amwe yashoboraga kuribwa ariko andi ntaribwe kuko yari yanduye. Ibyo byagaragazaga ko Abisirayeli bari kuzajya barya amafi bageze mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, kandi ko bamwe muri bo bari kuba abarobyi.—Kuva 7:20, 21; Abalewi 11:9-12.
2 Ariko kandi, mbere y’imyaka hafi 2.000 ishize, hari ubundi bwoko bw’uburobyi bwatangijwe mu bantu. Ubwo ni uburobyi bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka butari guhesha imigisha abarobyi bonyine, ahubwo n’amafi na yo. Muri iki gihe, ubwo burobyi buracyakorwa kandi buhesha imigisha myinshi za miriyoni z’abantu mu isi.
‘Uzajya Uroba Abantu’
3, 4. Ni abahe barobyi babiri berekanye ko bashishikajwe cyane na Yesu Kristo?
3 Mu wa 29 w’igihe cyacu, Yesu, We wari ugiye gutangiza ubwo buryobyi bushya, yabatijwe na Yohana Umubatiza mu mugezi wa Yorodani. Nyuma y’ibyumweru bike, Yohana yeretse abigishwa be babiri Yesu, avuga ati “Nguy’ Umwana w’intama w’Imana.” Umwe muri abo bigishwa witwaga Andereya yihutiye kubwira umuvandimwe we Simoni Petero ati “Twabonye Mesia.” Tuzirikane ko Andereya na Simoni bombi bari abarobyi bakora uwo mwuga.—Yohana 1:35, 36, 40, 41; Matayo 4:18.
4 Nyuma y’igihe runaka, Yesu yari arimo abwiriza imbaga y’abantu ku nkombe z’inyanja y’i Galilaya hafi y’aho Petero na Andereya babaga. Yabwiraga abantu ati “Mwihane, kuk’ ubgami bgo mw ijuru buri hafi” (Matayo 4:13, 17). Dushobora gutekereza ko Petero na Andereya bari bafite amatsiko yo kumva ubutumwa bwe. Icyakora, birashoboka ko batari bazi ko Yesu yari agiye kubabwira ikintu cyari guhindura imibereho yabo iteka ryose. Byongeye kandi, ibyo Yesu yari agiye kubabwira n’ibyo yari agiye gukorera mu maso yabo ni iby’ingirakamaro kuri twebwe twese muri iki gihe.
5. Ni gute umurobyi Petero yashoboye kugira icyo amarira Yesu?
5 Dusoma ngo “Yesu yar’ahagaze mu kibaya cy’inyanja y’i Genesereti; nukw abantu benshi bamubyiganaho, ngo bumv’ ijambo ry’Imana. Abon’ amat’ abiri atsītse ku nkombe y’inyanja, arikw abarobyi bari bayavuyemo, bamesh’ inshundura zabo” (Luka 5:1, 2). Muri icyo gihe, akenshi abarobyi barobaga nijoro, bityo rero abo bagabo bakaba barimo bamesa incundura zabo nyuma yo gukesha ijoro baroba. Yesu yahisemo gukoresha bumwe mu mato yabo kugira arusheho kubwiriza neza iyo mbaga y’abantu. “Yikira mu bgato bumwe, bgar’ ubga Simoni, amusaba kubutsura ho hato ngo buve ku nkombe: aricara, yigish’ abantu ari mu bgato.”—Luka 5:3.
6, 7. Ni ikihe gitangaza Yesu yakoze gihereranye no kuroba, kandi ni ayahe magambo yavuze ku bihereranye no kuroba?
6 Tuzirikane ko Yesu yari afite ikindi atekereza kitari ukwigisha iyo mbaga y’abantu gusa. “[Y]arangije kuvuga, abgira Simoni ati: Igir’ i muhengeri, mujuguny’ inshundura, murobe.” Twibuke ko abo barobyi bari bakesheje ijoro ryose baroba. Nta gitangaje rero kuba Petero yaramusubije ati “Data-buja, twakeshej’ ijoro dukora cyane, nyamara nta cyo twafashe: ariko kuk’ ubivuze, reka nzijugunye.” Byagenze bite amaze kuzijugunya? “Bafat’ ifi nyinshi cyane: ndets’ inshundura zabo zenda gucika. Barembuza bagenzi babo bari mu bundi bgato, ngo baze babatabare: baraza, buzuz’ amato yombi, bituma yenda kurengerwa.”—Luka 5:4-7.
7 Yesu yari amaze gukora igitangaza. Ako gace k’inyanja kari kabuzemo umusaruro ijoro ryose, ariko noneho hari huzuye amafi menshi. Icyo gitangaza cyagize ingaruka ikomeye kuri Petero. “Yikubit’ imbere ya Yesu, ati: V’ aho ndi, Data-buja, kuko nd’ umunyabyaha; kuk’ ubge yari yumiwe n’abari kumwe na we bose, babony’ izo fi bafashe; na Yakobo na Yohana bene Zebedayo bari bafatanije na Simoni na bo birabatangaza.” Yesu yahumurije Petero hanyuma anavuga amagambo yajyaga guhindura imibereho y’uwo mwigishwa we. Yaramubwiye ati “Witinya; uhereye non’ uzajy’urob’ abantu.”—Luka 5:8-10.
Abarobyi b’Abantu
8. Ni gute abarobyi bane bakoraga uwo mwuga bitabiriye gutumirirwa ‘kuroba abantu’?
8 Yesu yagereranyije atyo abantu n’amafi, kandi anatumira Petero, umurobyi wari woroheje kugira ngo areke umwuga we maze ajye gukora undi murimo w’uburobyi uruta uwo yakoraga—ari wo wo kuroba abantu. Petero, hamwe n’umuvandimwe we Anderea, bitabiriye uko gutumirwa, “uwo mwanya basig’ inshundura, baramukurikira” (Matayo 4:18-20). Nyuma y’aho Yesu yaje guhamagara Yakobo na Yohana, abo na bo bakaba bari mu bwato bwabo barimo basana incundura zabo. Abo na bo yabahamagariye kuba abarobyi b’abantu. Ariko se, babyakiriye bate? “Uwo mwanya basig’ ubgato na se, baramukurikira” (Matayo 4:21, 22). Yesu yagaragaje ko ari umurobyi w’abantu w’umuhanga. Icyo gihe yarobye abantu bane.
9, 10. Ni ukuhe kwizera Petero na bagenzi be bagaragaje, kandi ni gute batojwe umurimo wo kuroba mu buryo bw’umwuka?
9 Umurobyi ukora uwo mwuga, atungwa n’ibivuye mu musaruro we, mu gihe umurobyi wo mu buryo bw’umwuka we adashobora kubigenza atyo. Ku bw’ibyo rero, abo bigishwa bagaragaje ukwizera gukomeye ubwo bemeraga gusiga byose bagakurikira Yesu. Ntabwo kandi bashidikanyaga ko umurimo wabo wo kuroba wo mu buryo bw’umwuka wari kugira icyo ugeraho. Nonese, ntabwo Yesu yari yatumye amafi yuzura mu mazi yari yabuzemo umusaruro? Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ubwo abo bigishwa bari kuba bajugunye incundura zabo mu mazi y’ishyanga rya Isirayeli, bashoboraga kwizera ko ku bw’ubufasha bw’Imana, bari kuroba abantu. Umurimo wo kuroba wo mu buryo bw’umwuka watangiye icyo gihe uracyakomeza gukorwa muri iki gihe, kandi Yehova aracyakomeza gutuma haboneka umusaruro utubutse.
10 Mu myaka irenze ibiri, abo bigishwa batojwe na Yesu mu murimo wo kuroba abantu. Mu bihe binyuranye, yabahaye amabwiriza ataziguye maze abatuma kumubanziriza kubwiriza (Matayo 10:1-7; Luka 10:1-11). Ubwo Yesu yafatwaga akicwa, abigishwa be bacitse inkendero. Ariko se, urupfu rwa Yesu rwari gutuma umurimo wo kuroba abantu uhagarara? Ibyabaye nyuma yarwo biraduha igisubizo.
Baroba mu Nyanja y’Abantu
11, 12. Ni ikihe gitangaza Yesu yakoze nyuma y’izuka rye?
11 Nyuma gato y’urupfu rwa Yesu hanze ya Yerusalemu no kuzuka kwe, abigishwa basubiye i Galilaya. Igihe kimwe, barindwi muri bo bahuriye hafi y’inyanja y’i Galilaya. Icyo gihe Petero yavuze ko agiye kuroba, maze abandi na bo baramukurikira. Nk’uko bisanzwe, barobye ari nijoro. Mu by’ukuri, bongeye gukesha ijoro bajugunya incunduro zabo mu nyanja ariko ntibagira icyo bafata. Hanyuma bigeze mu museke, umuntu batabonaga neza abahamagara ari ku nkombe y’inyanja agira ati “Yemwe bana banjye, mufit’ icyo kurya?” Abigishwa baramusubiza bati “Nta cyo.” Hanyuma uwo muntu wari uhagaze ku nkombe arabwira ati “Nimujuguny’ urushundur’ i buryo bg’ubgato, murafata. Nuko bararujugunya, ntibaba bakibasha kurukura, kukw ifi zari nyinshi.”—Yohana 21:5, 6.
12 Mbega ibintu bitangaje! Wenda abigishwa bashobora kuba baributse igitangaza cyari cyarigeze gukorwa mu kuroba, kandi byibura hari umwe muri bo wahise amenya uwo muntu wari uhagaze ku nkombe. “Wa mwigishwa Yesu yakundaga abgira Petero ati: N’ Umwami Yesu. Nuko Simoni Petero, yumvise kw ar’ Umwami, akenyer’ umwenda, kuko yari yambay’ ubusa, yiroha mu nyanja. Arikw abandi bigishwa baza mu bgato, bakurur’ urushundura rurimw ifi, kuko batari kure y’inkombe, ahubgo hari nka mikono magan’abiri.”—Yohana 21:7, 8.
13. Nyuma yo kujya mu ijuru kwa Yesu, ni iyihe gahunda mpuzamahanga y’uburobyi yatangiye?
13 Icyo gitangaza cyagaragazaga iki? Cyagaragazaga ko umurimo wo kuroba abantu wari utararangira. Ibyo byari byaratsindagirijwe incuro eshatu zose, igihe Yesu yasabaga Petero—ndetse n’abandi bigishwa be bose binyuriye kuri we—ko aragira intama ze (Yohana 21:15-17). Koko rero, hari porogaramu yo kugabura ibyo kurya by’umwuka yari imbere. Mbere yo gupfa kwe, Yesu yari yarahanuye ati “Ubu butumwa bgiza bg’ubgami buzigishwa mw isi yose, ngo bub’ ubuhamya bgo guhamiriz’ amahanga yose” (Matayo 24:14). Rero, igihe cyari kigeze cy’uko isohozwa ryo mu kinyejana cya mbere ry’ubwo buhanuzi ritangira kubaho. Abigishwa be bendaga kuroha incundura zabo mu nyanja y’abantu, kandi ntizari gufata ubusa.—Matayo 28:19, 20.
14. Ni mu buhe buryo umurimo wo kuroba w’abigishwa ba Yesu waranzwemo umugisha mu myaka yabanjirije irimbuka rya Yerusalemu?
14 Mbere yo kuzamuka ajya aho intebe y’Ubwami ya Se iri mu ijuru, Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ati “Icyakora muzahabg’ imbaraga, [u]mwuka [w]era n’ abamanukira; kandi muzab’ abagabo bo kumpamya, i Yerusalemu n’i Yudaya yose n’i Samaria no kugeza ku mpera y’isi” (Ibyakozwe 1:8). Igihe umwuka wera wasukwaga ku bigishwa kuri Pentekote mu wa 33 w’igihe cyacu, umurimo ukomeye wo kuroba mu buryo bw’umwuka watangiye gufata intera mpuzamahanga. Kuri uwo munsi wonyine wa Pentekote, ubugingo bw’abantu ibihumbi bitatu bwafashwe ari buzima, kandi nyuma y’aho hato “umubare w’abagab’ uragwira, uba nk’ibihumbi bitanu” (Ibyakozwe 2:41; 4:4). Ukwiyongera kwarakomeje. Inkuru ikomeza igira iti “Nyamar’ abizey’ Umwami Yesu bakomezaga kubongerwaho, abantu benshi b’abagabo n’abagore” (Ibyakozwe 5:14). Abasamaria na bo bahise bitabira ubutumwa bwiza, na nyuma y’aho gato Abanyamahanga batakebwe babigenza batyo (Ibyakozwe 8:4-8; 10:24, 44-48). Nyuma y’imyaka igera kuri 27 Pentekote ibaye, intumwa Paulo yandikiye Abakristo b’Abakolosai ko ubutumwa bwiza bwari “bga[ra]bgirijwe mu baremwe bose bari munsi y’ijuru” (Abakolosai 1:23). Mu buryo bugaragara, abigishwa ba Yesu bari bararobye kure y’amazi y’i Galilaya. Bari barajugunye incundura zabo mu Bayahudi batataniye mu Bwami bw’Abaroma hamwe no mu nyanja zisa n’aho zitarimo amafi, inyanja z’amahanga y’abatari Abayahudi. Kandi rero, incundura zabo zavuyemo zuzuye. Ku byo Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bari bakeneye, ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu bwo muri Matayo 24:14 bwasohoye mbere y’uko Yerusalemu irimburwa mu wa 70 w’igihe cyacu.
Kuroba Abantu ku “Munsi w’Umwami”
15. Mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe, ni uwuhe murimo wundi w’uburobyi wahanuwe, kandi ni ryari wagombaga gukorwa?
15 Icyakora, hari hakiri byinshi byo gukora. Ahagana mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya mbere, Yehova yahishuriye intumwa ya nyuma, ari yo Yohana, ibyagombaga kubaho ku “munsi w’Umwami” (Ibyahishuwe 1:1, 10). Kimwe mu bintu bitangaje bigize ubwo buhanuzi, ni umurimo wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza mu isi yose. Dusoma ngo “Nuko mbona maraika wund’ aguruk’ aringanij’ ijuru, afit’ ubutumwa bgiza bg’iteka ryose, ngw abubgir’ abari mw isi, bo mu mahanga yose n’imiryango yose n’indimi zose n’amoko yose” (Ibyahishuwe 14:6). Abagaragu b’Imana, bayobowe n’abamarayika, bagombaga no kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza mu isi yose aho kugarukira gusa mu gace kategekwaga n’Ubwami bw’Abaroma. Umurimo wo kuroba ubugingo bw’abantu wagombaga gukorerwa mu isi yose, kandi muri iki gihe, iby’iryo yerekwa byarasohoye.
16, 17. Ni ryari uburobyi bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka bwa nyuma bwatangiye, kandi ni gute Yehova yabuhaye umugisha?
16 Ni gute uwo murimo wo kuroba wagiye ukorwa muri iki kinyejana cya 20? Mu ntangiriro, abarobyi bari bake ugereranyije. Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose ikimara kurangira, ababwiriza b’ubutumwa bwiza bakoraga uwo murimo bari bageze hafi ku bihumbi bine, kandi abenshi muri abo bagabo n’abagore bari bafite ishyaka ku murimo, bari abasizwe. Bajugunye incundura zabo aho Yehova yari aberekeje hose, kandi harobwa ubugingo bw’abantu bwinshi. Nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, Yehova yatumye haboneka andi mazi mashyashya yo kurobamo. Abamisiyonari bari bavuye mu Ishuri rya Bibiliya ry’i Galeedi rya Sosayiti Watchtower bafashe iya mbere mu muri uwo murimo mu bihugu byinshi. Ibihugu nk’Ubuyapani, Ubutaliyani na Hisipaniya, mbere bishobora kuba byarasaga n’aho bidashobora kubonekamo umusaruro, byaje gutanga umusaruro mwinshi w’ubugingo bw’abantu. Kandi vuba aha twamenye ko umurimo wo kuroba urimo utanga umusaruro mwinshi mu Burayi bw’i Burasirazuba.
17 Muri iki gihe, mu bihugu byinshi incundura zirenda gutaraka. Umusaruro mwinshi w’ubugingo bw’abantu uhari, utuma biba ngombwa ko hashyirwaho amatorero mashya n’uturere dushyashya. Ibyo byatumye biba ngombwa ko bahora bubaka Amazu y’Ubwami n’Amazu y’Amakoraniro nta gutuza. Hakenewe abasaza n’abakozi b’imirimo benshi bakwiranye n’iryo yaguka. Ni umurimo ukomeye watangijwe n’izo ndahemuka mu wa 1919. Amagambo yo muri Yesaya 60:22 arasohozwa mu buryo bugaragara. ‘Umuto yaragwiriye abamo igihumbi,’ kuko umubare w’abarobyi wavuye kuri abo bihumbi bine ubu ukaba usaga miriyoni enye, kandi nturarangira.
18. Ni gute dushobora kwigana urugero rwiza rw’abarobyi bo mu buryo bw’umwuka b’abantu bo mu kinyejana cya mbere?
18 Ariko se, ibyo byose biturebaho iki mu buryo bwa bwite? Ibyanditswe bivuga ko ubwo Petero, Anderea, Yakobo na Yohana bahamagarirwaga kuba abarobyi b’abantu, ‘basize byose, bakurikira [Yesu]’ (Luka 5:11). Mbega urugero rwiza rwo kwizera no kwitanga! Mbese ye, natwe dushobora kwihingamo umutima nk’uwo wo kwitanga no kuba twiteguye gukorera Yehova tutitaye ku cyo ibyo byaba bidusaba kwigomwa cyose? Hari za miriyoni z’abantu basubije icyo kibazo bemera ko babishobora. Mu kinyejana cya mbere, abigishwa barobye abantu aho Yehova yabibemereye hose. Haba mu Bayahudi cyangwa mu Banyamahanga, bakoze uwo murimo wo kuroba batizigamye. Nimucyo rero natwe tubwirize abantu bose nta kurobanura cyangwa ngo tugire uwo twishisha.
19. Twagombye gukora iki niba amazi turobamo asa n’aho atarimo umusaruro?
19 Mbese ye, niba ubona ko ubu ifasi yawe isa n’aho itabonekamo umusaruro wabyifatamo ute? Ntibiguce intege. Wibuke ko Yesu yujuje incundura z’abigishwa nyuma y’uko bakesha ijoro ryose baroba ntacyo bafata. Ibyo bishobora kubaho no mu buryo bw’umwuka. Urugero, muri Irilande, Abahamya b’indahemuka bamaze imyaka myinshi bakorana imihati ariko ntibigire icyo bitanga mu buryo bugaragara. Nyamara kandi, vuba aha ibyo byaje guhinduka. Igitabo Annuaire 1991 des Témoins de Jéhovah kigaragaza ko mu mpera z’umwaka w’umurimo wa wa 1990, Irilande yagize ukwiyongera gushya ku ncuro ya 29 yikurikiranya! Wenda amaherezo ifasi yawe ishobora kuzatanga umusaruro mu buryo nk’ubwo. Igihe cyose Yehova azaba akibitwemerera, dukomeze kuroba nta gutezuka!
20. Ni ryari twagombye kujya kuroba abantu?
20 Muri Isirayeli, abarobyi barobaga nijoro, igihe abandi bantu bose babaga basusurutse bamerewe neza mu buriri. Bemeraga kujyayo, atari uko icyo gihe cyabaga kibanogeye, ahubwo ni uko ari bwo bashoboraga gufata ifi nyinshi kurushaho. Natwe twagombye kwiga ifasi yacu ku buryo twajya tujya kuroba, mu buryo runaka, mu gihe abantu benshi baba bari iwabo kandi bashobora kudutega amatwi. Ibyo bishobora gukorwa nimugoroba, mu mpera z’icyumweru cyangwa se n’ikindi gihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Uko byagenda kose ariko, dukore uko dushoboye kugira ngo tumenye aho abantu bafite imitima igororotse baherereye.
21. Ni iki twagombye kwibuka niba ifasi yacu ikorerwamo umurimo kenshi?
21 Bita noneho se niba ifasi yacu ikorerwamo umurimo kenshi? Abarobyi bakora uwo mwuga bo muri iyi si bahora bitotombera ko agace barobamo katakibonekamo umusarura. Mbese, amafasi yo mu buryo bw’umwuka turobamo na yo ashobora kugeza ubwo adatanga umusaruro? Oya rwose! Amafasi menshi aracyabonekamo umusaruro utubutse n’ubwo akorerwamo umurimo kenshi. Amwe muri yo abonekamo umusaruro nk’uwo bitewe n’uko aba yakozwemo umurimo mu buryo bwiza. Ariko kandi, mu ngo zikunze kubwirizwamo kenshi, icyo tugomba kwitaho cyane ni ukumenya abo tudasanzeyo bose maze tukazagaruka kubareba ikindi gihe. Itoze kumenya imitwe y’ibiganiro inyuranye. Zirikana ko nyuma y’igihe gito hari undi uzaza, bityo we kuhatinda cyane cyangwa ngo usesereze nyir’inzu nta mpamvu. Nanone kandi, rushaho kugira akamenyero mu gutanga ibitabo n’amagazeti mu mihanda no mu gutanga ubuhamya mu buryo bufatiweho. Jugunya incundura zawe zo mu buryo bw’umwuka uko uburyo bubonetse kose n’igihe bishoboka kose.
22. Ni ikihe gikundiro gikomeye dufite muri iki gihe?
22 Wibuke ko muri ubu burobyi hatungukirwa abarobyi gusa, ahubwo ko n’amafi ubwayo yungukirwa. Amafi turoba nakomeza gushikama ashobora kuzabaho iteka. Paulo yateye inkunga Timoteo agira ati “Wirinde kubgawe no ku nyigisho wigisha. Uzikomeze, kuko n’ ugir’ utyo, uzīkizanya n’abakūmva” (1 Timoteo 4:16). Yesu ni we watangiye gutoza abigishwa be umurimo wo kuroba mu buryo bw’umwuka, kandi na n’ubu uwo murimo uracyakorwa uyobowe na we. (Gereranya n’Ibyahishuwe 14:14-16.) Mbega igikundiro gikomeye cyo kugira uruhare muri uwo murimo tuyobowe na Yesu! Nimucyo rero dukomeze kujugunya incundura zacu igihe cyose Yehova azaba akibitwemerera. Nonese hari undi murimo ubaho w’ingenzi cyane waruta uwo kuroba ubugingo buzima bw’abantu?
Mbese, Uribuka?
◻ Ni uwuhe murimo Yesu yatoje abigishwa be?
◻ Ni gute Yesu yerekanye ko umurimo wo kuroba mu buryo bw’umwuka utarangiranye n’urupfu rwe?
◻ Ni mu buhe buryo Yehova yahaye umugisha umurimo wo kuroba mu buryo bw’umwuka mu kinyejana cya mbere?
◻ Ni ubuhe burobyi bukunguhaye ku musaruro mwinshi bwakozwe mu gihe cy’ “umunsi w’Umwami”?
◻ Ni gute, buri muntu ku giti cye, dushobora kuba abarobyi b’abantu mu buryo bugira ingaruka nziza kurushaho?
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 14]
Nyuma y’izuka rya Yesu, intumwa zaguye umurimo w’Imana wo kuroba abantu