Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 36—Zefania

Munyori: Zefania

Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Judha

Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: 648 B.C.E. asati asvika

 1. (a) Neiko shoko raZefania rakanga rakakodzera nguva yake? (b) Revo yezita rake yakakodzera sei mamirire ezvinhu?

PAKUVAMBA mukutonga kwaMambo Josia weJudha (659-629 B.C.E.), panguva apo kunamatwa kwaBhaari kwakanga kwapararira uye “vaprista vavamwari vokumwe” vakanga vachitungamirira muuku kunamata kusina kuchena, vanhu veJerusarema vanofanira kuve vakakatyamadzwa neshoko rakaziviswa nomuporofita Zefania. Kunyange zvazvo sezvinobvira akanga ari muzukuru waMambo Hezekia weimba youmambo yaJudha, Zefania akanga achitsoropodza zvikuru mamirire ezvinhu murudzi rwacho. (Zef. 1:1, 4, NW) Shoko rake rakanga riri rejambwa. Vanhu vaMwari vakanga vava vasingateereri, uye Jehovha bedzi ndiye aigona kuvadzorera kukunamata kwakachena ndokuvakomborera kuti vagobatira se“zita rakanaka nembiri pakati pendudzi dzose dzenyika.” (3:20) Zefania akaonesa kuti munhu anga“vandika nezuva rokutsamwa kwaJehovha” kupfurikidza bedzi nokupindira kwoumwari. (2:3) Zita rake rakakodzera sei Tsephan·yahʹ (chiHebheru), rinoreva kuti “Jehovha Akavanza (Akachengeta)”!

 2. Nhamburiko dzaZefania dzakabudirira sei, asi neiko ikoku kwakanga kuri kwechinguvana bedzi?

² Nhamburiko dzaZefania dzakabudirira. Mambo Josia, uyo akanga ava pachigaro choumambo pazera ramakore masere, akatanga mugore rechi12 rokutonga kwake ku“natsa Judha neJerusarema.” Akadzura kunamata kwenhema, akagadzira “imba yaJehovha,” uye akatangazve kuchengetwa kwePaseka. (2 Mako., maganh. 34, 35) Kushandura kwaMambo Josia kwakanga kuri kwechinguvana bedzi, zvisinei, nokuti akatsiviwa navatatu vavanakomana vake uye mumwe wavazukuru vake, vose avo vakaita “zvakaipa pamberi paJehovha.” (2 Mako. 36:1-12) Ikoku kwose kwakanga kuri mukuzadzikwa kwamashoko aZefania, anoti: “Ndicharova machinda navanakomana vamambo . . . [na]vanozadza imba yatenzi wavo nokupambara nokunyengera.”—Zef. 1:8, 9.

 3. Zefania akaporofita rini uye kupi, uye bhuku racho rine shokoi rakapetwa kaviri?

³ Kubva mune zviri pamusoro apa kunoratidzika kuti “shoko raJehovha, rakasvika kuna Zefania” pane imwe nguva 648 B.C.E. asati asvika, gore rechi12 raJosia. Ndima yokutanga haimuzivisi bedzi seaitaura ari muJudha asi zivo ine udzame yaanoratidza yenharaunda netsika zveJerusarema zvinobvumikisa kugara kwake muJudha. Shoko riri mubhuku racho rakapetwa kaviri, richiva zvose zviri zviviri rinotyisidzira nerinonyaradza. Zvikurukuru, rinosimbisa zuva raJehovha, zuva rinotyisa iro rava pedyo, asi panguva imwe cheteyo, rinofanotaura kuti Jehovha achadzorera vanhu vanozvininipisa avo “vachavimba nezita raJehovha.”—1:1, 7-18; 3:12.

 4. Chii chinobvumikisa bhuku raZefania kuva rechokwadi nerakafuridzirwa naMwari?

⁴ Uchokwadi hweiri bhuku rouporofita hahugoni kurambwa nenzira inobudirira. Jerusarema rakaparadzwa muna 607 B.C.E., makore anopfuura 40 pashure pokunge Zefania afanokutaura. Hatina bedzi shoko renhau yenyika nokuda kwaikoku asi Bhaibheri rimene rine chibvumikiso chomukati chokuti ikoku kwakaitika chaizvoizvo seizvo Zefania akanga aporofita. Nokukurumidza pashure pokuparadzwa kweJerusarema, Jeremia akanyora bhuku raMariro, achirondedzera zvinotyisa izvo akanga apupurira, apo zvakanga zvichiri zvakajeka mundangariro make. Kuenzaniswa kwezvikamu zvinoverengeka kunopupurira kuti shoko raZefania zvirokwazvo ra“kafuridzirwa naMwari.” Zefania anonyevera nezvedikanwo yokupfidza “kutsamwa kukuru kwaJehovha kusati kwauya pamusoro penyu,” nepo Jeremia achinongedzera kuchimwe chinhu chakatoitika apo anoti, “Jehovha . . . wakadurura hasha dzake huru.” (Zef. 2:2; Mariro 4:11) Zefania anofanotaura kuti Jehovha a“chauyisira vanhu kumanikidzwa, kuti vafambe samapofu . . . ropa ravo richadururwa seguruva.” (Zef. 1:17) Jeremia anotaura nezvaikoku seidi rakaitwa: “Va[ka]dzungaira samapofu munzira dzomuguta, vakasvibiswa neropa.”—Mariro 4:14; enzanisawo Zefania 1:13—Mariro 5:2; Zefania 2:8, 10—Mariro 1:9, 16 uye Mari 3:61.

 5. Nhau inoratidza sei kuti uporofita hwaZefania hwakazadzikwa nenzira yakarurama?

⁵ Nhau inoshuma nenzira yakafanana kuparadzwa kwamarudzi echihedheni, Moabhi neAmoni pamwe chete neAsiria, kubatanidza dzimbahwe rayo Ninevhe, seizvo chaizvo Zefania akanga afanotaura achitungamirirwa naMwari. Kunyange sezvo muporofita Nahumi akafanotaura nezvokuparadzwa kweNinevhe (Nah. 1:1; 2:10), naizvozvo Zefania akazivisa kuti Jehovha “Ninevhe uchariita dongo, riome serenje.” (Zef. 2:13) Urwu ruparadziko rwakanga rwakakwana kwazvo zvokuti anodokusvika makore 200 gare gare, wezvenhau Herodotus akanyora nezveTigris se“rwizi urwo guta reNinevhe raichimbova parwuri.”a Munenge muna 150 C.E. munyori wechiGiriki Lucian akanyora kuti “hakuna chisaririra charo chakasara zvino.”b The New Westminster Dictionary of the Bible (1970), peji 669, rinotaura kuti hondo dzaivhozhokera “dzakayamurwa zvikuru nokuzara kwakamwe kamwe kweTigris, uyo akakukura rutivi rukuru rworusvingo rweguta ndokuita kuti nzvimbo yacho ive isingadziviririki. . . . Kuitwa dongo kwacho kwakanga kwakakwana kwazvo zvokuti munguva dzechiGiriki nedzechiRoma Ninevhe rakava rakadokuita sengano. Bva munguvayi yose rutivi rweguta racho rwakanga rwakafushirwa nemirwi yamarara ari pachena.” Papeji 627 vhoriyamu imwe cheteyo inoratidza kuti Moabhi rakaparadzwawo sezvakaporofitwa: “Nebhukadnezari akakunda vaMoabhi.” Josephus anoshumawo kukundwa kwaAmoni.c Vose vari vaviri vaMoabhi navaAmoni pakupedzisira vakaguma kuvako sorudzi.

 6. Neiko, ipapoka, bhuku raZefania rine nzvimbo yakarurama mundaza yamanyoro matsvene eBhaibheri?

⁶ VaJudha vanguve vachipa bhuku raZefania nzvimbo yaro yakarurama mundaza yamanyoro matsvene yaMagwaro akafuridzirwa. Ziviso dzaro dzakataurwa muzita raJehovha dzakazadzikwa nenzira inoshamisa, kukurevererwa kwaJehovha.

ZVIRI MUBHUKU RAZEFANIA

 7. Zuva guru raJehovha richarevei nokuda kwavavengi vake?

⁷ Zuva raJehovha rava pedyo (1:1-18). Bhuku racho rinozarura neshoko rejambwa. “Ndichaparadza chose zvinhu zvose zviri pasi pose—ndizvo zvinotaura Jehovha.” (1:2) Hapana chinhu chichapukunyuka, chomunhu kana kuti chemhuka. Vanamati vaBhaari, vaprista vavamwari vokumwe, vanamati vapadenga reimba vamatenga, avo vanovhenganisa kunamatwa kwaJehovha nekwaMarkami, avo vari kubva kuna Jehovha, uye avo vasingafariri kumutsvaka—vose vanofanira kuparara. Muporofita anorayira, kuti: “Nyararai pamberi paShe Jehovha, nokuti zuva raJehovha rava pedyo.” (1:7) Jehovha amene akagadzirira chibayiro. Machinda, vane masimba masimba, vanyengeri, uye vasingaitiri hanya pamwoyo—vose vachatsvakwa. Pfuma yavo nezvinhu zvichaparadzwa. Zuva guru raJehovha rava pedyo! Iro “izuva rokutsamwa, zuva rokutambudzika nokumanikidzwa, zuva rokurashwa nokuparadzwa, zuva rerima nerokusviba, zuva ramakore nerezarima guru.” Ropa raavo vanotadzira Jehovha richadururwa seguruva. “Sirivha yavo kunyange ndarama yavo hazvingagoni kuvarwira nezuva rokutsamwa kwaJehovha.” Mwoto weshingairo yake uchaparadza pasi rose.—1:15, 18.

 8. (a) Dziviriro ingawanwa sei? (b) Inhamoi dzinoziviswa pamarudzi?

⁸ Tsvakai Jehovha; marudzi achaparadzwa (2:1-15). Zuva iroro risati rapfuura sehundi, vanyoro “tsvakai Jehovha . . . tsvakai kururama, tsvakai unyoro,” uye zvimwe mucha“vandika nezuva rokutsamwa kwaJehovha.” (2:3) Kutaura kwaJehovha kunopfuurira, achizivisa nhamo panyika yevaFiristia, iyo gare gare ichava ya“vakasara veimba yaJudha.” Moabhi neAmoni dzinodada dzichiitwa dongo kufanana neSodhoma neGomora “nokuti vakazvidza vanhu vaJehovha wehondo nokuzvikudza kwavari.” Vamwari vavo vachaparara navo. (2:7, 10) “Munondo” waJehovha uchaurayawo vaEtiopia. Zvakadiniko neAsiria, nedzimbahwe rayo reNinevhe, kuchamhembe? Richava renje risingabereki chinhu uye nzvimbo yemhuka dzomusango, hungu, “chinhu chinokatyamadza” (NW), zvokuti “mumwe nomumwe unopfuura napo ucharidza muridzo” achishamiswa.—2:12, 15.

 9. (a) Neiko kune nhamo kuJerusarema, uye ndechipi chiri chisarudzo chokutonga chaJehovha pamarudzi? (b) Uporofita hwacho hunoguma neshokoi rinofadza?

⁹ Jerusarema rinopandukira rinodanwa kuti rizvidavirire; vakasarira vanozvininipisa vanokomborerwa (3:1-20). Inhamowo kuJerusarema, guta rinopandukira nerinodzvinyirira! Machinda aro, “ishumba dzinoomba,” uye vaporofita varo, “vanhu vakareruka vanonyengera,” havana kuvimba naMwari waro, Jehovha. Acharayira kuzvidavirira kwakazara. Vagari vemo varo vachatya Jehovha ndokugamuchira chirango here? Aiwa, nokuti vanoita “vachifumira mangwanani, vachisvibisa zvose zvavakaita.” (3:3, 4, 7) Chisarudzo chokutonga chaJehovha kuunganidza marudzi ndokudururira paari hasha dzake huru dzose, uye pasi rose richaparadzwa nemwoto weshingairo yake. Asi, kune chipikirwa chinoshamisa! Jehovha ucha“vigira vanhu rurimi rwakachena, kuti vose vadane zita raJehovha, vamushumire nomwoyo mumwe.” (3:9) Vanofara nenzira yokuzvitutumadza vachabviswa, uye vakasarira vanozvininipisa avo vanoita kururama vachawana utiziro muzita raJehovha. Kudanidzira kwokufara, kupururudza, kufara, uye mufaro zvinotanga muZioni, nokuti Jehovha Mambo waIsraeri ari pakati pavo. Iyi haisiri nguva yokutya kana kuti kurembedza maoko, nokuti Jehovha uchavaponesa nokuvafarira murudo rwake nomufaro. “Nokuti ndichakuitirai zita rakanaka nembiri pakati pendudzi dzose dzenyika, kana ndichidzosa kutapwa kwenyu, imi muchizviona—ndizvo zvinotaura Jehovha.”—3:20.

CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA

10. Uporofita hwaZefania mumazuva aMambo Josia hwakanga huri hwebetseroi?

¹⁰ Mambo Josia, kutanga, akateerera shoko rinonyevera raZefania ndokubetserwa naro zvikuru. Akatanga nhimbe huru yechinjo yorudzidziso. Ikoku kwakawadzanyurawo bhuku roMutemo, iro rakanga rarasika apo imba yaJehovha yakanga yava kuda kugadzirwa. Josia akatambudzika pakunzwa migumisiro yokusateerera yaakaravirwa muiri bhuku, iyo yakasimbisa pamuromo wechimwe chapupu, Mosesi, izvo Zefania akanga ave achiporofita nguva yose yapfuura. Josia zvino akazvininipisa amene pamberi paMwari, nomugumisiro wokuti Jehovha akamupikira kuti ruparadziko rwakafanotaurwa rwaisazouya muzuva rake. (Dheut., maganh. 28-30; 2 Madz. 22:8-20) Nyika yakanga yadzivisirwa ngwavaira! Asi kweisati iri nguva refu, nokuti vanakomana vaJosia vakakundikana kutevera muenzaniso wakanaka waakagadza. Zvisinei, nokuda kwaJosia navanhu vake, kungwarira kwavo “shoko raJehovha, rakasvika kuna Zefania” kwakabvumikisa kuva kunobetsera zvikuru zvirokwazvo.—Zef. 1:1.

11. (a) Bhuku raZefania rinowirirana sei neMharidzo yapaGomo uye netsamba yaPauro kuvaHebheru mukupa zano rakanaka? (b) Neiko Zefania achiti “zvimwe mungavandika”?

¹¹ MuMharidzo yake yapaGomo yakakurumbira, Kristu Jesu, muporofita mukurusa waMwari, akatsigira Zefania somuporofita wechokwadi waMwari kupfurikidza nokutaura mashoko ayo akafanana nenzira inoshamisa nezano raZefania paganhuro 2, ndima 3, rinoti: “Tsvakai Jehovha, imi mose vanyoro venyika . . . tsvakai kururama, tsvakai unyoro.” Zano raJesu rakanga riri rokuti: “Asi tangai kutsvaka ushe hwaMwari, nokururama kwake.” (Mat. 6:33) Avo vanotanga kutsvaka Umambo hwaMwari vanofanira kudzivisa kusaitira hanya uko Zefania akanyevera pamusoro pako apo akataura nezve“vakadzoka pakutevera Jehovha, navasina kutsvaka Jehovha kana kumubvunza” uye “vanoti mumwoyo yavo: Jehovha haangaiti zvakanaka, uye haangaiti zvakaipa.” (Zef. 1:6, 12) Mutsamba yake kuvaHebheru, Pauro nenzira yakafanana anotaura nezvezuva rinouya rorutongeso uye anonyevera pamusoro pokudzoka shure. Anowedzera, kuti: “Zvino isu hatizi ivo vokudzokera shure, kuti tiparadzwe; asi tiri vokutenda kuti tiponeswe mweya.” (VaH. 10:30, 37-39) Hakusati kuri kuvaregi kana kuti kuvasingaongi asi kuavo vanotsvaka Jehovha nounyoro uye nemwoyo wose mukutenda uko muporofita anoti: “Zvimwe mungavandika nezuva rokutsamwa kwaJehovha.” Neiko “zvimwe”? Nemhaka yokuti ruponeso rwokupedzisira runotsamira panzira yomunhu wacho. (Mat. 24:13) Chiyeuchidzowo chokuti hatigoni kurerutsa ngoni dzaMwari. Uporofita hwaZefania hahusiyi panikiro pamusoro pokukurumidza uko zuva iroro richawira nako vasingakariri.—Zef. 2:3; 1:14, 15; 3:8.

12. Zefania anopa hwaroi hwoushingi nokuda kwaavo vano‘tsvaka Jehovha’?

¹² Herino, ipapoka, shoko rinofanoratidzira ruparadziko rwaavo vanotadzira Jehovha asi richigovera rumbonera rwakajeka rwezvikomborero nokuda kwaavo vano‘tsvaka Jehovha’ nenzira yokupfidza. Ava vanopfidza vangava noushingi, nokuti, anodaro Zefania, “Mambo waIsraeri, iye Jehovha, uri pakati pako.” Haisiri nguva yokuti Zioni ritye kana kuti kurembedza maoko mukusaita basa. Inguva yokuvimba naJehovha. “Iye une simba, uchaponesa; uchakufarira nomufaro; uchanyarara parudo rwake; uchakufarira nokupururudza.” Vanofarawo avo vano‘tanga kutsvaka umambo hwake,’ vachikarira dziviriro yake yorudo nechikomborero chisingagumi!—3:15-17.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]