Ganhuro 9
Uporofita Hwakazadzika
Vanhu havangagoni kudeya kuzivisa nguva yemberi nouchokwadi hupi nohupi. Kazhinji kazhinji zvikuru nhamburiko dzavo pakufembera dzinokundikana nomutoo unosuruvarisa. Naizvozvo bhuku rouporofita hwakazadzika rinofanira kuyevedza ngwariro yedu. Bhaibheri ibhuku rakadaro.
1. (Batanidza sumo.) Chii chinobvumikiswa neidi rokuti Bhaibheri rine uporofita hwakazadzika?
UPOROFITA huzhinji hweBhaibheri hwakazadzika muudzame zvokuti vatsoropodzi vanotaura kuti hwakanyorwa pashure pezadziko. Bva kutaura kwakadaro ndokwenhema. Mwari, zvaari wamasimba ose, anokwanisa zvizere kuporofita. (Isaya 41:21-26; 42:8, 9; 46:8-10) Uporofita hweBhaibheri hwakazadzika ufakazi hwefuridziro youmwari, kwete hwokunyorwa kwapashure. Zvino tichanzvera uporofita hwakatanhamara hwakazadzika—hunogovera chibvumikiso chewedzero chokuti Bhaibheri ishoko raMwari, kwete romunhuwo zvake.
Utapwa muBhabhironi
2, 3. Chii chakaparira kuratidzira kwaMambo Hezekia pfuma yose yeimba yake noumambo kuvanyai vakabva Bhabhironi?
2 Hezekia akanga ari mambo muJerusarema kwamakore anenge 30. Muna 740 P.N.V. iye akapupurira ruparadziko rwaIsraeri muvakidzani wake wokuchamhembe rwakaitwa navaAsiria. Muna 732 P.N.V. akaona simba rinoponesa raMwari, apo kutamburira kweAsiria kwokukunda Jerusarema kwakanga kwakundikana, nemiuyo yengwavaira kumuvhozhokeri.—Isaya 37:33-38.
3 Zvino, Hezekia ari kugamuchira nhume dzinobva kuna Merodhaki-bharadhani, mambo weBhabhironi. Nechapamusoro, nhume dzirimo kuzokorokotedza Hezekia pakunaya kwake pachirwere chakakomba. Sezvinobvira, kunyange zvazvo zvakadaro, Merodhaki-bharadhani anoona Hezekia somubatani anobvira mukurwisana noubati ushe hwenyika hweAsiria. Hezekia hapana chaanoita kubvisa pfungwa yakadaro apo anoratidzira vaBhabhironi vanoshanya pfuma yose yeimba yake noumambo. Zvimwe iyewo, anoda vabatani mukurwisana nokudzokera kunobvira kwavaAsiria.—Isaya 39:1, 2.
4. Ko Isaya akaporofita muuyoi wengwavaira nokuda kwemhosho yaHezekia?
4 Isaya muporofita akatanhamara wapanguva iyoyo, uye anokurumidza kucherekedza kusachenjera kwaHezekia. Anoziva kuti dziviriro yechokwadi zvikuru yaHezekia ndiJehovha, kwete Bhabhironi, ndokumuudza kuti chiito chake chokuratidzira vaBhabhironi pfuma yake chichaparira ngwavaira. “Mazuva anouya,” anodaro Isaya, “uye zvose zviri mumba mako umene neizvo madzibaba ako akaunganidza kusvikira kuzuva rino zvichaendeswa chaizvoizvo kuBhabhironi.” Jehovha akaraira, kuti: “Hapana chinhu chichasiiwa.”—Isaya 39:5, 6.
5, 6. (a) Ko Jeremia akatii mukusimbiswa kwouporofita hwaIsaya? (b) Ko uporofita hwaIsaya nohwaJeremia hwakazadzika munzirai?
5 Shure muzana ramakore rechisere P.N.V., kungava kwakaratidzika kuva kusingabviriri uporofita ihwohwu kuva hunozadzika. Zvisinei, makore ane zana rimwe gare gare, mugarirowo wakachinja. Bhabhironi rakatsiva Asiria soubati ushe hwenyika hunodzora, apo Judha akava anoderedzwa, kutaura nomutoo worudzidziso, zvokuti Mwari akabvisa chikomborero chake. Zvino, mumwe muporofita, Jeremia, akafuridzirwa kudzokorora nyevero yaIsaya. Jeremia akazivisa, kuti: “Ndichaunza [vaBhabhironi] kuzorwisana nenyika ino uye kuzorwisana navagari vayo . . . Uye nyika ino yose inofanira kuva nzvimbo yakaparadzwa, chishamiso, uye aya marudzi achatofanira kubatira mambo weBhabhironi makore ane makumi manomwe.”—Jeremia 25:9, 11.
6 Anenge makore mana gare gare pashure pokunge Jeremia ataura uporofita ihwohwo, vaBhabhironi vakaita Judha rutivi rwoumambo hwavo. Makore matatu pashure paikoko, vakatora nhapwa dzechiJudha, pamwe chete neimwe yepfuma yetembere yapaJerusarema, kuBhabhironi. Makore masere gare gare, Judha akamukira uye akavhozhokerwazve namambo weBhabhironi, Nebhukadnezari. Panguva ino, guta netembere yaro zvakaparadzwa. Pfuma yaro yose, navaJudha ivo vamene, vakaendeswa kuBhabhironi riri kure, seizvo Isaya naJeremia vakanga vadeya kuzivisa.—2 Makoronike 36:6, 7, 12, 13, 17-21.
7. Ko ruzivo rwokuchera matongo runopupurira sei kuzadzika kwouporofita hwaIsaya naJeremia pamusoro peJerusarema?
7 The Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land inoti apo denho yavaBhabhironi yakanga yapera, “ruparadziko rweguta [Jerusarema] rwakanga rwuri rwachose chose.”1 Nyanzvi yokuchera matongo W. F. Albright inoti: “Kuchera nokuongororwa kwapamusoro muna Judha kwakabvumikisa kuti mataundi aJudha haana kungoparadzwa bedzi chose chose navaKardhea muvhozhokero dzavo mbiri, asi haana kuzogarwazve kwezvizvarwa—kazhinji kazhinji kwete zvakare munhau.”2 Nokudaro, ruzivo rwokuchera matongo runosimbisa zadziko inokatyamadza youhu uporofita.
Kuparadzwa kweTire
8, 9. Ko Ezekieri akataura uporofitai pamusoro peTire?
8 Ezekieri akanga ari mumwe munyori wekare akanyora uporofita hwakafuridzirwa nomutoo woumwari. Akaporofita kubvira pamugumo wezana ramakore rechinomwe P.N.V. achipfuurira kusvikira mune rechitanhatu—ndiko kuti, mukati mamakore apamberi poruparadziko rweJerusarema uye tevere mukati mamakumi okutanga amakore outapwa hwavaJudha muBhabhironi. Kunyange vamwe vatsoropodzi vazvino uno vanobvuma kuti bhuku rakanyorwa munenge mune iyi nguva.
9 Ezekieri akanyora uporofita hunokatyamadza pamusoro poruparadziko rweTire muvakidzani wokuchamhembe waIsraeri, iyo yakanga yabva munzvimbo youshamwari navanhu vaMwari kuenda kune iyo yomuvengi. (1 Madzimambo 5:1-9; Pisarema 83:2-8) Akanyora, kuti: “Izvi ndizvo zvataurwa naChangamire Ishe Jehovha, ‘Tarira ndinorwisana newe, Haiwa Tire, uye ndichaunza marudzi mazhinji kuzorwisana newe, segungwa rinouyisa mafungu aro. Uye iwo achaparadza chaizvoizvo masvingo eTire ndokukoromora shongwe dzaro, uye ndichaparira huruva yaro kubva pariri ndokuriita pamusoro panopenya, pasine chinhu poruware. . . . Uye achaisa pakati pamene pemvura mabwe ako namatanda ako nehuruva yako.’”—Ezekieri 26:3, 4, 12.
10-12. Ko uporofita hwaEzekieri hwakazadzika rini pakupedzisira, uye sei?
10 Ikoku kwakaitika zvomenemene here? Eya, makore mashomanene pashure pokunge Ezekieri ataura uporofitahwo, mambo weBhabhironi, Nebhukadnezari, akakomba Tire. (Ezekieri 29:17, 18) Zvisinei, yakanga isati iri komberedzo iri nyore. Tire raiwanwa murutivi panyika huru (rutivi rwainzi Tire Yekare). Asi rutivi rweguta rwakanga rwuri pachitsuwa anenge mamita mazana masere kubva mumhenderekedzo. Nebhukadnezari akakomba chitsuwa kwamakore 13 iro risati razviisa pasi pake pakupedzisira.
11 Zvisinei, makanga muri muna 332 P.N.V. apo uporofita hwaEzekieri pakupedzisira hwakazadzika muudzame hwawo hwose. Panguva iyeyo, Alexander Mukuru, mukundi anobva Makedhonia, akanga achivhozhokera Asia. Tire, rakakotsekana munzvimbo yaro yechitsuwa, rakarwisana naye. Alexander haana kuda kusiya muvengi wake ane simba shure kwake, asi haana kuda kupedzera makore akawanda mukomberedzwo yeTire, sezvakanga zvaita Nebhukadnezari.
12 Ko akapedza sei ichi chinetso chehondo? Akavaka mutanho, kana kuti zambuko, unoyambukira kuchitsuwa, kuti varwi vake vagone kuyambuka ndokudenha guta rapachitsuwa. Cherekedza, kunyange zvazvo zvakadaro, icho iye akashandisa kuvaka zambuko. The Encyclopedia Americana inoshuma, kuti: “Namasarasara echikamu chenyika cheguta, iro iye akanga akoromora, akavaka zambuko hombe muna 332 kubatanidza chitsuwa nenyika.” Pashure pekomberedzo pfupi zvikuru, guta rapachitsuwa rakaparadzwa. Zvakare, uporofita hwaEzekieri hwakazadzika muudzame hwawo hwose. Kunyange ‘mabwe namatanda nehuruva’ zveTire Yekare zva‘kaiswa pakati chaipo pemvura.’
13. Ko mufambi rwendo womuzana ramakore rechi 19 akarondedzera sei nzvimbo yeTire rekare?
13 Mufambi rwendo womuzana ramakore rechi 19 akatsinhira pamusoro pechakanga chasiiwa cheTire yekare muzuva rake, achiti: “Pamusoro peTire yapakuvamba yaizivikanwa kuSoromoni navaporofita vaIsraeri, hapana nechisaririra chakasara kunze kwomumakuva aro akatemwa paruware mumativi amakomo, nomumadziro enheyo . . . Kunyange chitsuwa, icho Alexander Mukuru, mukomberedzo yake yeguta, akashandura kuva rwenze kupfurikidza nokufushira mvura dziri pakati pacho nenyika, hachina zvisaririra zvakatanhamara zvenhambo yapakuvamba kunze kweizvo zveHondo Dzorudzidziso. Taundi razvino uno, iro rose zvaro mukuenzanisira riri idzva zvikuru, rinotora hafu yokuchamhembe yechaichimbova chitsuwa, apo runenge rutivi rwose rwasara rwenzvimbo rwakafukidzwa namatongo akatanhamara.”3
Jana reBhabhironi
14, 15. Ko Isaya naJeremia vakanyora uporofitai pamusoro peBhabhironi?
14 Shure muzana ramakore rechisere P.N.V., Isaya, muporofita uyo akanyevera vaJudha nezvoruparadziko rwavo runouya rwunoitwa navaBhabhironi, akadeya kuzivisawo chimwe chinhu chinokatyamadza: ruparadziko rwachose chose rweBhabhironi iro rimene. Akadeya kuzivisa ichochi muudzame hwakajeka, kuti: “Tarira ndinovamutsira vaMedhia. . . Uye Bhabhironi, chishongo choumambo, rutsvindo rworudado rwavaKardhea, rinofanira kuva saapo Mwari akaparadza Sodhoma neGomora. Harisati richizotongogarwa, uye harizati richizogara nokuda kwechizvarwa nechizvarwa.”—Isaya 13:17-20.
15 Muporofita Jeremia akadeyawo kuzivisa kuwa kweBhabhironi, uko kwaizoitika makore mazhinji gare gare. Uye iye akabatanidza udzame hunofadza: “Kuoma kuri pamusoro pemvura dzaro, uye dzinofanira kupwa. . . . Mhare dzeBhabhironi dzarega kurwa. Dzaramba dzigere munhare dzadzo. Simba radzo rapera.”—Jeremia 50:38; 51:30.
16. Ko Bhabhironi rakakurirwa rini, uye navanaani?
16 Muna 539 P.N.V., nguva youbati ushe hweBhabhironi soubati ushe hwakatanhamara hwenyika yakaguma apo mubati ushe ane simba wePersia Koreshi, achiperekedzwa neuto reMedhia, akarwisa gutaro. Zvisinei, icho Koreshi akawana chakanga chichityisa. Bhabhironi rakanga rakapoteredzwa namasvingo mahombe uye airatidzika kuva asingakoromoki. Rwizi rukuru rwaYufratesi, rwaiererawo nomuguta uye rwaiita betsero inokosha kudziviriro dzarwo.
17, 18. (a) Ko “kuoma kwemvura [dzeBhabhironi]” kwakavapo munzirai? (b) Neiko mhare dzeBhabhironi ‘dzakarega kurwa’?
17 Wezvenhau wechiGiriki Herodotus anorondedzera mapedzere akaita Koreshi chinetsocho, achiti: “Akaisa chikamu cheuto rake panzvimbo apo rwizi rwunopinda muguta, uye rimwe boka kushure kwenzvimbo apo irwo runonyuka, nemirairidzo yokupinda mutaundi nomugova rorwizi, nokukurumidza apo mvura dzakava dzisina kudzika zvikuru . . . Iye akatsausa Yufratesi kupfurikidza nomukoto unopinda mudziva [nyanza yokuzviitira yakacherwa nomubati ushe wekare weBhabhironi], iyo zvino yakanga ina matope, apo rwizi rwakaderera kusvikira kutambanuko yokuti gova romusikirwo rorwizi rakava rinoyambukika. Ipapo vaPersia vakanga vasiiwa nokuda kwedonzoro paBhabhironi mhiri kworwizi, vakapinda murwizi, urwo zvino rwakanga rwaserera zvokuti mvura yaisvika panenge pakati pechidya chomunhu, nokudaro ndokupinda mutaundi.”4
18 Neiyi nzira gutaro rakawa, sokunyevera kwakanga kwaita Jeremia naIsaya. Asika cherekedza kuzadzika kune udzame kwouporofita. Pakanga pane ‘kuoma [chaikoiko] kwemvura dzarwo, uye idzo dzakapwa.’ Kwakanga kuri kuserera kwemvura dzaYufratesi kwakagonesa Koreshi kupinda muguta. Ko ‘mhare dzeBhabhironi dzakarega kurwa,’ here sokunyevera kwakanga kwaita Jeremia? Bhaibheri—uyewo vezvenhau vechiGiriki Herodotus naXenophon—rinopupurira kuti vaBhabhironi vakanga vachiita mutambo chaizvoizvo apo denho yavaPersia yakaitika.5 Nhauro yaNabonidhasi, runyoro rwecuneiform rwapamutemo, runoti mauto aKoreshi akapinda muBhabhironi “pasina hondo,” sezvingabvira kureva kuti pasina hondo inoda kurongwa kukuru.6 Sezviri pachena, mhare dzeBhabhironi hadzina kuita zvakawanda kuridzivirira.
19. Ko uporofita hwokuti Bhabhironi raisazo“tongogarwazve” hwakazadzika here? Tsanangura.
19 Zvakadiniko nokudeya kuzivisa kwokuti Bhabhironi harisati raizo“tongogarwa”zve? Ikoku hakuna kuzadzika pakarepo muna 539 P.N.V. Asi nomutoo wokusakanganisa uporofita hwakazadzika. Pashure pokuwa kwaro, Bhabhironi rakava musimboti wechiverengero chakati kuti chokupandukira, kutozosvikira muna 478 P.N.V. apo iro rakaparadzwa naXerxes. Pakupera kwezana ramakore rechina, Alexander Mukuru akarongedzera kuridzorera, asi akafa basaro risati raenderera kure zvikuru. Kubvira panguva iyeyo zvichienda mberi, gutaro rakangotsakatika bedzi. Kwakanga kuchine vanhu vaigaramo muzana rokutanga ramakore reNguva yedu yaVose, asi nhasi zvasara bedzi zveBhabhironi rekare zvangova murwi wamatongo muIraq. Kunyange kana matongo aro akadzorerwa murutivi, Bhabhironi ringangova bedzi chionwa chavachakairi, kwete guta rinogarwa, rinofadza. Rutivi rwaro rwamatongo runopupurira zadziko yokupedzisira youporofita hwakafuridzirwa pamusoro paro.
Kupfuurira Kwoubati Ushe Hwenyika
20, 21. Ko Dhanieri akaona uporofitai hwokupfuurira kwoubati ushe hwenyika, uye ihwohwu hwakazadzika sei?
20 Muzana ramakore rechitanhatu P.N.V., mukati moutapwa hwechiJudha muBhabhironi, mumwe muporofita, Dhanieri, akafuridzirwa kunyora zviono zvakati kuti zvakatanhamara zvinodeya kuzivisa mutoo womunguva yemberi waizoitika nawo zvinoitika zvenyika. Mune chimwe, Dhanieri anorondedzera chiverengero chakati kuti chemhuka dzokufananidzira dzaibvisana munzvimbo panyika. Ngirozi inotsanangura kuti idzi mhuka dzinodeya kufananidzira kupfuurira kwoubati ushe hwenyika kubvira panguva iyeyo zvichienda mberi. Ichitaura nezvezvikara zviviri zvokupedzisira, iyo yakati: “Gondohwe rawaona rine nyanga mbiri rinomirira madzimambo eMedhia nePersia. Uye nhongo ine mvere inomirira mambo weGirisi; uye kana rwuri runyanga rukuru rwakanga rwuri pakati pameso ayo, runomirira mambo wokutanga. Uye irworwo rwakati rwavhunika, zvokuti pakava nedzimwe ina idzo pakupedzisira dzakamira panzvimbo parwo, kuna madzimambo mana anobva murudzi rwake achamira, asi kwete nesimba rake.”—Dhanieri 8:20-22.
21 Uku kudeya kuona kwouporofita kwakazadzika chaizvoizvo. Umambo hweBhabhironi hwakakurirwa navaMedhia navaPersia, uhwo, makore 200 gare gare, hwakadziurira nzvimbo ubati ushe hwenyika hweGirisi. Umambo hweGirisi hwakatungamirirwa naAlexander Mukuru, “nyanga huru.” Zvisinei, pashure porufu rwaAlexander, vatungamiriri vake vehondo vakarwisana pakati pavo vamene nokuda kwoubati ushe, uye pakupedzisira umambo hwakakura zvikurusa hwakakamukana kuva umambo huduku huna, “umambo huna.”
22. Muuporofita hunowirirana hwokupfuurira kwoubati ushe hwenyika, ubati ushei hwokuwedzera hwakaporofitwa?
22 Muna Dhanieri ganhuro 7, chiono chinenge chakati fananei chakaonawo kure munguva yemberi. Ubati ushe hwenyika hweBhabhironi hwakafananidzirwa neshumba, hwePersia nebere, uye hweGirisi neingwe ina mapapiro mana pamusana wayo nemisoro mina. Ipapo, Dhanieri anoona chimwe chikara, “chinotyisa nechinovhundutsa uye chine simba guru kwazvo . . . , uye chakanga chine nyanga dzine gumi.” (Dhanieri 7:2-7) Ichi chikara chechina chakafananidzira Umambo hweRoma hune simba, uhwo hwakavamba kukura anenge mazana matatu amakore pashure pokunge Dhanieri anyora uhu uporofita.
23. Ko chikara chechina chouporofita hwaDhanieri chakanga chaka“siana nohumwe umambo hwose” munzirai?
23 Ngirozi yakaporofita pamusoro peRoma, ichiti: “Kana chiri chikara chechina, kune umambo hwechina huchavapo pasi pano, huchava hwakasiana nohumwe umambo hwose; uye ihwo huchaparadza pasi rose uye hucharitsika-tsika ndokuriputsanya.” (Dhanieri 7:23) H. G. Wells, mubhuku rake rinonzi A Pocket History of the World, anoti: “Uhu ubati ushe hutsva hweRoma uhwo hwakamuka kuti hudzore nyika yokumadokero muzana ramakore rechipiri nerokutanga P.K. mumativi anoverengeka hwakanga huri chinhu chakasiana nohupi nohupi hwoumambo hukuru hwakanga hwambovapo kusvikira kunguva iyeyo munyika yakapepuka.”7 Hwakatanga soumambo hwezvido zvavazhinji ndokupfuurira soumambo huna mambo mumwe. Mukusiana noumambo hwekare, hwakanga husati huri hwokuita kwomukundi mumwe upi noupi asi hwakakura noutsinye kwamazana amakore. Hwakagara zvikuru, nguva refu zvikuru uye hwakadzora ruwa rukuru zvikuru kupinda umambo hupi nohupi hwekare.
24, 25. (a) Ko nyanga dzine gumi dzechikara dzakaoneka sei? (b) Ko Dhanieri akadeya kuona kuparapatikai pakati penyanga dzechikara?
24 Kunyange zvazvo zvakadaro, zvakadiniko nenyanga dzine gumi dzeichi chikara chihombe? Ngirozi yakati: “Uye kana dziri nyanga dzine gumi, kuna madzimambo ane gumi achamuka muumambo ihwohwo; uye mumwezve achamuka pashure pawo, uye iye amene achava akasiana nowokutanga, uye iye achaninipisa madzimambo matatu.” (Dhanieri 7:24) Ikoku kwakaitika sei?
25 Eya, apo Umambo hweRoma hwakatanga kuderera muzana ramakore rechishanu N.V., ihwo hahuna kutsiviwa pakare pakarepo nohumwe ubati ushe hwenyika. Panzvimbo pezvo, ihwo hwakakamukana kuva chiverengero chakati choumambo, “madzimambo ane gumi.” Pakupedzisira, Umambo hweBritain hwakakurira umambo hutatu hwahwairwisana nahwo hweSpain, France, uye Netherlands kuti huve ubati ushe hukuru hwenyika. Nokudaro ‘runyanga’ ruchangobva kubuda rwakaninipisa “madzimambo matatu.”
Uporofita hwaDhanieri—Hwakanyorwa Pashure Pokunge Hwazadzika Here?
26. Ko vatsoropodzi vanotaura kuti bhuku raDhanieri rakanyorwa rini, uye nei?
26 Bhaibheri rinoratidzira kuti bhuku raDhanieri rakanyorwa mukati mezana ramakore rechitanhatu P.N.V. Zvisinei, zadziko dzouporofita hwaro dzakarurama zvikuru zvokuti vatsoropodzi vanotaura kuti ihwo hunofanira kuve hwakanyorwa munenge muna 165 P.N.V., apo chiverengero chakati chouporofita chakanga chatozadzika.8 Pasinei hapo neidi rokuti chikonzero chaichoicho bedzi chokuita uku kutaura ndechokuti uporofita hwaDhanieri hwakazadzika, uyu musi wapashure wokunyora waDhanieri unopiwa seidi rakasimbiswa mumabhuku mazhinji enongedzero.
27, 28. Ndaapi mamwe amaidi anobvumikisa kuti bhuku raDhanieri harina kunyorwa muna 165 P.N.V.?
27 Kunyange zvazvo zvakadaro, padzidziso yakadaro, tinofanira kunzvera maidi anotevera. Kutanga, bhuku rakanongedzerwa kwariri mumabasa echiJudha akabudiswa muzana ramakore rechipiri P.N.V., rakadai sebhuku rokutanga raMaccabees. Uyewo, rakabatanidzwa mushanduro yechiGiriki yeSeptuagint, shanduro yaro yakavamba muzana ramakore rechitatu P.N.V.9 Retatu, zvimedu zvamakopi ebhuku raDhanieri zvakanga zviri pakati pamabhuku aiwanzowanwa muMipumburu yaManyoro yeGungwa Rakafa—uye izvi zvimedu zvinodavirwa kuti zvinovambira munenge muna 100 P.N.V.10 Nomutoo wakajeka, nokukurumidza pashure pokunge bhuku raDhanieri ranyorwa sezvinofungidzirwa, rakanga rotozivikanwa zvikurusa uye richiremekedzwa: ufakazi hwakasimba hwokuti rakabudiswa nguva refu vatsoropodzi vasati vataura kuti rakabudiswa.
28 Kupfuurirazve, bhuku raDhanieri rine udzame hwenhau hwaizodai husina kuzivikanwa nomunyori womuzana ramakore rechipiri. Chakatanhamara ndicho chinoitika chaBhershazari, mubati ushe weBhabhironi uyo akaurawa apo Bhabhironi rakawa muna 539 P.N.V. Manyuko makuru asati ari eBhaibheri ezivo yedu yokuwa kweBhabhironi ndiHerodotus (zana ramakore rechishanu), Xenophon (zana ramakore rechishanu nerechina), uye Berossus (zana ramakore rechitatu). Hapana nomumwe waivava aiziva pamusoro paBhershazari.11 Kwaizova kusingabviri sei kuti munyori womuzana ramakore rechipiri aizova akava namashoko akanga ave asingawanikwi kuna ava vanyori vapakuvamba! Chinyorwa chinoreva nezvaBhershazari muna Dhanieri ganhuro 5 chibvumikiso chakasimba chokuti Dhanieri akanyora bhuku rake ava vamwe vanyori vasati vanyora avo.a
29. Neiko kusati kuchibvira kuti bhuku raDhanieri rakanyorwa pashure pezadziko youporofita huri mariri?
29 Pakupedzisira, pane chiverengero chakati kuti chouporofita huri muna Dhanieri hwakazadzika nguva refu pashure pa 165 P.N.V. Humwe hwaihwohwo hwakanga huri uporofita hunoreva nezveUmambo hweRoma, hwadudzwa pakuvamba. Humwe ndihwo uporofita hwakatanhamara hunodeya kuzivisa kusvika kwaJesu, Mesia.
Kuuya Kwomuzodziwa
30, 31. (a) Uporofitai hwaDhanieri hwakadeya kuzivisa nguva yokuoneka kwaMesia? (b) Tingagona sei kuwana, rakavakirwa pauporofita hwaDhanieri, gore apo Mesia aifanira kuoneka?
30 Uhu uporofita hwakanyorwa muna Dhanieri, ganhuro 9, uye hunorava sezvinotevera: “Mavhiki ana makumi manomwe [amakore, kana kuti makore ana mazana mana namakumi mapfumbamwe] akatemerwa vanhu vako napaguta rako dzvene.”b (Dhanieri 9:24, The Amplified Bible) Chii chaizoitika mukati maaya makore ane 490? Tinorava, kuti: “Kubvira pakubudiswa kwomurairo wokudzorera uye kuvaka Jerusarema kutozosvikira [pakuuya] kwomuzodziwa, muchinda, achava mavhiki manomwe [amakore], uye mavhiki ana makumi matanhatu namaviri [amakore].” (Dhanieri 9:25, AB) Naizvozvo uhu uporofita hunoreva nezvenguva yokuuya kwo“muzodziwa,” Mesia. Hwakazadzika sei?
31 Murairo wokudzorera uye kuvaka Jerusarema ‘wakabudiswa’ mu“gore rechimakumi maviri raArtashasta mambo” wePersia, ndiko kuti, muna 455 P.N.V. (Nehemia 2:1-9) Pakuzopera kwamakore 49 (mavhiki 7 amakore), mbiri yakawanda yeJerusarema yakanga yadzorerwa. Uye ipapo, kuverenga mavhiki azere ane 483 (mavhiki 7 kuwedzera ane 62 amakore) kubvira muna 455 P.N.V., tinosvika pana 29 N.V. Chokwadika, iri rakanga riri “gore regumi neshanu rokutonga kwaTiberio Kesari,” gore apo Jesu akabhapatidzwa naJohane Mubhapatidzi. (Ruka 3:1) Panguva iyeyo, Jesu akaziviswa pamhene soMwanakomana waMwari ndokuvamba ushumiri hwake hwokuparidzira mashoko akanaka kurudzi rwechiJudha. (Mateo 3:13-17; 4:23) Akava “muzodziwa,” kana kuti Mesia.
32. Mukuwirirana nouporofita hwaDhanieri, ushumiri hwapasi hwaJesu hwaizova hwenguva yakareba zvakadini, uye chii chaizoitika pakupera kwayo?
32 Uporofita hwacho hunowedzera, kuti: “Uye pashure pamavhiki ana makumi matanhatu namaviri [amakore] muzodziwa achagurwa.” Hunotiwo: “Uye iye achapinda musungano yakasimba neyakatsiga navazhinji kwevhiki rimwe [makore manomwe]; uye pakati pevhiki iye uchagumisa chibairo nechipiriso.” (Dhanieri 9:26, 27, AB) Mutsinhirano naikoku, Jesu akaenda chose chose kuna “vazhinji,” vaJudha vokunyama. Pane imwe nhambo, akaparidzirawo kuna vaSamaria, avo vaidavira mamwe aMagwaro asi vakanga vaita sekete rakaparadzana nechiJudha chikuru. Ipapo, “pakati pevhiki,” pashure pamakore matatu nehafu okuparidzira, akapa upenyu hwake sechibairo uye nokudaro aka“gurwa.” Ikoku kwakareva mugumo woMutemo waMosesi nezvibairo zvawo nezvipiriso zvezvipo. (VaGaratia 3:13, 24, 25) Nokudaro, kupfurikidza norufu rwake, Jesu aka“gumisa chibairo nechipiriso.”
33. Ko Jehovha aizobata nomutoo wapoga navaJudha kusvikira rini, uye ndichinoitikai chakaratidzira kupera kwenhambo iyoyo?
33 Kunyanguvezvo, kwamamwe makore matatu nehafu ungano ichangobva kuberekwa yechiKristu yakapupurira chose chose kuvaJudha uye, gare gare, kuvaSamaria vane ukama navo. Zvisinei, muna 36 N.V., pakupera kwamavhiki ane 70 amakore, muapostora Petro akatungamirirwa kundoparidza kunowaMarudzi, Kornerio. (Mabasa 10:1-48) Zvino, “sungano navazhinji” yakanga isichina kuganhurirwazve kuvaJudha. Ruponeso rwakaparidzirwawo kuna Vamarudzi vasina kudzingiswa.
34. Mutsinhirano nouporofita hwaDhanieri, chii chakaitika kuna Israeri wokunyama nemhaka yokuti ivo vakaramba Mesia?
34 Nemhaka yokuti rudzi rwechiJudha rwakaramba Jesu uye rwakarangana kuita kuti aurawe, Jehovha haana kuvataviridzira apo vaRoma vakasvika ndokuparadza Jerusarema muna 70 N.V. Nokudaro, mamwe mashoko aDhanieri akazadzika, anoti: “Uye vanhu vomumwe muchinda uyo achauya vachaparadza guta nenzvimbo tsvene. Mugumo waro uchauya namafashamo, uye kunyange kurwa kuchavapo kusvikira kumugumo.” (Dhanieri 9:26b, AB) Uyu “muchinda” wechipiri akanga ari Titus, mutungamiriri wehondo weRoma uyo akaparadza Jerusarema muna 70 N.V.
Uporofita Hwakafuridzirwa
35. Uporofitai hwewedzero pamusoro paJesu hwakazadzika?
35 Neiyi nzira, uporofita hwaDhanieri hwamavhiki 70 hwakazadzika nomutoo chaiwoiwo wakatanhamara. Zvamazvirokwazvo, uporofita huzhinji hwakanyorwa muMagwaro echiHebheru hwakazadzika mukati mezana ramakore rokutanga, uye chiverengero chaihwohwu chakanga chine chokuita naJesu. Nzvimbo yokuberekerwa yaJesu, shingairo yake nokuda kweimba yaMwari, mubato wake wokuparidzira, kutengeswa kwake nokuda kwezvidimbu 30 zvesirvheri, mafire aakaita, idi rokuti mijenya yakakandwa nokuda kwenguvo dzake—udzame hwose ihwohwu hwakaporofitwa muMagwaro echiHebheru. Kuzadzika kwahwo kwakabvumikisa pasina panikiro kuti Jesu akanga ari Mesia, uye kwakaratidzirazve kuti uporofita hwakafuridzirwa.—Mika 5:2; Ruka 2:1-7; Zekaria 11:12; 12:10; Mateo 26:15; 27:35; Pisarema 22:18; 34:20; Johane 19:33-37.
36, 37. Chii chatinodzidza muidi rokuti uporofita hweBhaibheri hwakazadzika, uye iyi zivo inotipa chivimboi?
36 Chokwadi, uporofita hwose hweBhaibheri hwakanga hwuchifanira kuzadzika hakazadzika. Zvinhu zvakaitika chaizvoizvo nenzira iyo Bhaibheri rakati zvaizoitika. Ihwohwu ufakazi hwakasimba hwokuti Bhaibheri iShoko raMwari. Panofanira kuva pave pane uchenjeri hunopfuura hwohunhu hwaitsigira kutaura ikoko kwouporofita kuti ihwo huve hwakarurama zvakadaro.
37 Asika pane kumwe kudeya kuzivisa kuri muBhaibheri kusina kuzadzika munguva idzodzo. Neiko? Nokuti zvaizofanira kuzadzika muzuva redu timene, uye kunyange munguva yedu yemberi. Ruvimbiko rwouporofita ihwohwo hwekare runotiita kuti tive nechivimbo chokuti uku kumwe kudeya kuzivisa pasina kundikano kuchazadzika. Sezvatichaona muganhuro rinotevera, izvozvi ndizvo zvakaitika chaizvoizvo.
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
a Ona Ganhuro 4, “‘Testamente Yekare’ Yakavimbika Zvakadini?” ndima 16 ne 17.
b Mushanduro ino, mashoko ari mumabhuraketi akawedzerwa nomushanduri kujekesa revo yacho.
[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 133]
Uporofita hwose hwakanga huchifanira kuzadzika hwakazadzika. Zvinhu zvakaitika chaizvoizvo nenzira iyo Bhaibheri rakati zvaizoitika
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 118]
Nyanzvi dzokuchera matongo dzakawana kuti ruparadziko rweJerusarema rwakaitwa naNebhukadnezari rwakanga rwuri rwachose chose
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 121]
Mufananidzo weTire razvino uno. Hapatongorina chisaririra chakasara cheTire chaizivikanwa navaporofita vaIsraeri
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 123]
Vachakairi vanoshanyira nzvimbo yeBhabhironi rekare zvapupu zvokuzadzika kwouporofita pamusoro pegutaro
[Mifananidzo iri papeji 126]
Uporofita hwaDhanieri hwokupfuurira kwoubati ushe hwenyika hwakazadzika zvakarurama zvikuru zvokuti vatsoropodzi vazvino uno vanofunga kuti hwakanyorwa pashure pezadziko
BHABHIRONI
PERSIA
GIRISI
ROMA
BRITAIN
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 130]
Dhanieri akaporofita nguva chaiyoiyo apo Mesia aizooneka muna Israeri