Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 27—Dhanieri

Munyori: Dhanieri

Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Bhabhironi

Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: Munenge muna 536 B.C.E.

Nguva Yakafukidzwa: 618–munenge muna 536 B.C.E.

 1. Rudzii rwenhau rwuri mubhuku raDhanieri, uye rinosimbisei?

MUZUVA rino apo marudzi ose apasi amire pamucheto pengwavaira, bhuku raDhanieri rinotiita kuti tingwarire mashoko ouporofita erevo inokosha. Nepo mabhuku eBhaibheri aSamueri, Madzimambo, uye Makoronike akavakirwa pazvinyorwa zvezvapupu zvakaona zvenhau youmambo hwokufananidzira hwaMwari (mutsara wamadzimambo waDhavhidhi), bhuku raDhanieri rinonangidzira ngwariro pamarudzi enyika ndokupa kufanoonwa kwokurwira simba kwemitsara mikuru yamadzimambo kubvira munguva yaDhanieri kutozosvikira ku“nguva yomugumo.” Iyi inhau yenyika yakanyorwa pachine nguva mberi. Inotungamirira kumugumo unobata ngwariro mukuratidza chinoitika “murutivi rwokupedzisira rwamazuva.” SaNebhukadnezari, marudzi anofanira kudzidza nenzira yakaoma “kuti Wokumusoro-soro ndiye Mutongi muumambo hworudzi rwomunhu” uye kuti pakupedzisira anohupa kuno uyo “akafanana nomwanakomana womunhu,” Mesiya uye Mutungamiriri, Kristu Jesu. (Dhan. 12:4; 10:14; 4:25, NW; 7:13, 14; 9:25; Joh. 3:13-16) Kupfurikidza nokusanongwarira zadziko dzouporofita dzebhuku rakafuridzirwa raDhanieri, tichanzwisisa zvizere zvikuru simba raJehovha rouporofita nezvipikirwa zvake zvedziviriro nechikomborero dzavanhu vake.—2 Pet. 1:19.

 2. Chii chinosimbisa kuti Dhanieri akanga ari munhu chaiyeiye, uye akaporofita mukati menhambo ipi inokosha?

² Bhuku racho rakatumidzwa zita romunyori waro. “Dhanieri” (chiHebheru, Da·ni·yeʼlʹ) rinoreva kuti “Mutongi Wangu ndiMwari.” Ezekieri, uyo akararama panguva imwe cheteyo, anosimbisa kuti Dhanieri akanga ari munhu chaiyeiye, achimududza pamwe chete naNoa naJobho. (Ezek. 14:14, 20; 28:3) Dhanieri anodudza musi wokuvamba kwebhuku rake se“gore rechitatu rokubata ushe kwaJehoiakimi mambo waJudha.” Imomu maiva muna 618 B.C.E., gore rechitatu raJehoiakimi samambo muduku kuna Nebhukadnezari.a Zviono zvouporofita zvaDhanieri zvakapfuurira kusvikira kugore rechitatu raKoreshi, munenge muna 536 B.C.E. (Dhan. 1:1; 2:1; 10:1, 4) Haiwa makore anokosha zvakadini akafukidzwa nenduramo yaDhanieri! Mazuva ake apakuvamba akapedzerwa muumambo hwaMwari muna Judha. Ipapo, somuchinda wechiduku, pamwe chete neshamwari dzake dzechiJudha dzinokudzwa, akaendeswa kuBhabhironi kundorarama mukumuka nokuwa kwesimba irero renyika rechitatu renhau yeBhaibheri. Dhanieri akararama kuti abatire somukuru mukuru wehurumende musimba renyika rechina, Medhia nePersia. Dhanieri anofanira kuve akararama makore anodokuva ane zana rimwe.

 3. Chii chinobvumikisa kuva romundaza yamanyoro matsvene nouchokwadi zvebhuku raDhanieri?

³ Bhuku raDhanieri ranguve richibatanidzwa mundaza yechiJudha yaMagwaro akafuridzirwa. Zvimedu zvaDhanieri zvakawanwa pakati peizvo zvamamwe mabhuku endaza yamanyoro matsvene ari muDead Sea Scrolls, mamwe awo anovambira pahafu yokutanga yezana ramakore rokutanga B.C.E. Zvisinei, chibvumikiso chinotokosha zvikuru chouchokwadi hwebhuku racho chinowanwa munongedzero kwariri muMagwaro echiKristu echiGiriki. Jesu anodudza zvakananga Dhanieri muuporofita hwake pamusoro pe“mhedziso yetsika yezvinhu,” umo anonokora mashoko kanorevengeka mubhuku racho.—Mat. 24:3, NW; onawo Dhan. 9:27; 11:31; uye 12:11—Mat. 24:15 naMar. 13:14; Dhan. 12:1—Mat. 24:21; Dhan. 7:13, 14—Mat. 24:30.

 4, 5. Ruzivo rwokuchera matongo rwakapedza sei kutaura kwavatsoropodzi vakuru pamusoro pebhuku raDhanieri?

⁴ Kunyange zvazvo vatsoropodzi vakuru veBhaibheri vakapanikira kuva renhau kwebhuku raDhanieri, zviwanwa zvoruzivo rwokuchera matongo kwamakore akapfuura zvakakurira chose chose kutaura kwavo. Somuenzaniso, ava vatsoropodzi vakashora kutaura kwaDhanieri kwokuti Bhershazari aiva mambo muBhabhironi panguva apo Nabonidus airangarirwa kuva mutongi. (Dhan. 5:1) Ruzivo rwokuchera matongo zvino rwakabvumikisa nenzira isingapanikirwi kuti Bhershazari akanga ari munhu chaiyeiye uye kuti akanga ari mutongi pamwe chete waNabonidus mumakore okupedzisira oUmambo hweBhabhironi. Somuenzaniso, rugwaro rwecuneiform rwekare rwunorondedzerwa se“Nhoroondo yeNdima yaNabonidus” runosimbisa zvakajeka kuti Bhershazari akashandisa chiremera choumambo paBhabhironi uye runotsanangura mutoo wokuva kwake mutongi pamwe chete waNabonidus.b Humwe ufakazi hwecuneiform hunotsigira murangariro wokuti Bhershazari akashandisa mabasa oumambo. Rimwe hwendefa, rinoisa musi mugore rechi12 raNabonidus, rine mhiko yakaitwa muzita raNabonidus, mambo, uye Bhershazari, mwanakomana wamambo, nokudaro richiratidza kuti Bhershazari aiva munzvimbo inoenzana neyababa vake.c Ikoku kunofadzawo mukutsanangura chikonzero nei Bhershazari akakarakadza kuita Dhanieri “wechitatu paushe” kana akagona kududzira zvakanyorwa pamadziro. Nabonidus aizorangarirwa kuva wokutanga, Bhershazari aizova wechipiri, uye Dhanieri aizoziviswa semutongi wechitatu. (5:16, 29) Mumwe munzveri anoti: “Nongedzero dzecuneiform kuna Bhershazari dzakajekesa zvikuru kwazvo basa raakaita zvokuti nzvimbo yake munhau inoziviswa zvakajeka. Kuna magwaro akawanda anoratidzira kuti Bhershazari akanga akadokuenzana naNabonidus munzvimbo nomukurumbira. Kutonga kwavaviri mukati mokukurusa kwokutonga kwokupedzisira Kutsva kweBhabhironi iidi rakasimbiswa. Nabonidus akashandisa chiremera chikurusa ari muimba yake youmambo muTema muArabhia, nepo Bhershazari akabatira somutongi pamwe chete munyika yokumusha neBhabhironi senzvimbo yake yechiremera. Kuri pachena kuti Bhershazari akanga asiri mutevedzeri wamambo asina simba; akanga akaronzeswa ‘umambo.’”d

⁵ Vamwe vakaedza kusadavira nhoroondo yaDhanieri yechoto chomwoto (ganh. 3), vachitaura kuti ingano yakaitwa. Tsamba Yekare yeBhabhironi inorava, murutivi, kuti: “Rîm-Sin ishe wako anoti: Nemhaka yokuti akakandira jaya riri muranda muhovhoni, iwe kandira muranda muchoto chomwoto.” Nenzira inofadza, achinongedzera kwairi, G. R. Driver akataura kuti ichi chirango “chinooneka munhau yaVarume Vatatu Vatsvene (Dan. III 6, 15, 19-27).”e

 6. Mativii maviri anoumba bhuku raDhanieri?

⁶ VaJudha vakabatanidza bhuku raDhanieri, kwete naVaporofita, asi naManyoro. Kuno rumwe rutivi, Bhaibheri reShona rinotevera nhevedzano yendaza yeSeptuagint yechiGiriki neVulgate yechiLatin kupfurikidza nokuisa Dhanieri pakati pavaporofita vakuru navaporofita vaduku. Chaizvoizvo pane mativi maviri ebhuku racho. Rwokutanga rwaiwawa, maganhuro 1 kusvikira ku6, rwunopa munhevedzano yokuverengwa kwenguva zvakaitika zvaDhanieri neshamwari dzake mubasa rehurumende kubvira muna 617 B.C.E. kusvikira kuna 538 B.C.E. (Dhan. 1:1, 21) Rutivi rwechipiri, rwunoumbwa namaganhuro 7 kusvikira ku12, rwakanyorwa nenzira yokuti Dhanieri ataure amene somunyori uye runorondedzera zviono zvomunhu oga nekurukurirano nengirozi izvo Dhanieri akava nazvo kubvira munenge muna 553 B.C.E.f kusvikira kunenge kuna 536 B.C.E. (7:2, 28; 8:2; 9:2; 12:5, 7, 8) Mativi maviri pamwe chete anoumba bhuku rimwe rinotsinhirana raDhanieri.

ZVIRI MUBHUKU RADHANIERI

 7. Chii chinotungamirira kukupinda kwaDhanieri neshamwari dzake mubasa rehurumende reBhabhironi?

⁷ Kugadzirira nokuda kwebasa reHurumende (1:1-21). Muna 617 B.C.E. Dhanieri anouya kuBhabhironi ane vaJudha vakatapwa. Midziyo inoyera yomutembere yeJerusarema inouyawo, kuti ichengetwe muimba yepfuma yechihedheni. Dhanieri neshamwari dzake nhatu dzechiHebheru vari pakati pepwere dzeimba youmambo dzaJudha dzakasarudzwa nokuda kwekosi yamakore matatu yerovedzo mudzimbahwe ramambo. Asarudza mumwoyo make kusazvishatsa amene nezvokudya zvakaisvonaka newaini zvechihedheni zvamambo, Dhanieri anokarakadza muedzo wamazuva gumi wezvokudya zvemirivo. Muedzo wacho unonakira Dhanieri neshamwari dzake, uye Mwari anovapa zivo nouchenjeri. Nebhukadnezari anogadza vana vacho kuti vamire pamberi pake savapi vemazano. Ndima yokupedzisira yeganhuro 1, iyo ingave yakawedzerwa nguva refu pashure pokunge chikamu chinotangira chanyorwa, inoratidzira kuti Dhanieri akanga achiri mubasa reimba youmambo makore 80 pashure pokupinda kwake muutapwa, umo mungava munenge muna 538 B.C.E.

 8. Mwari anozivisa kuna Dhanieri chirotoi nokududzira, uye Nebhukadnezari anoratidza sei kunzwisisa kwake?

⁸ Chiroto chomufananidzo unotyisa (2:1-49). Mugore rechipiri roumambo hwake (zvimwe kubvira pakuparadzwa kweJerusarema muna 607 B.C.E.), Nebhukadnezari anotyiswa nechiroto. Vaprista vake vanoshandisa mashiripiti havakwanisi kuzivisa chiroto nedudzirwo yacho. Anovapa zvipo zvikuru, asi vanoramba kuti hakuno munhu kunze kwavamwari anogona kuratidza mambo chinhu chaari kubvunza. Mambo anoshatirwa ndokurayira kuti vachenjeri vaurawe. Sezvo vaHebheru vana vachibatanidzwa muuyu mutemo, Dhanieri anokumbira nguva yokuzivisa chiroto. Dhanieri neshamwari dzake vanonyengetera kuna Jehovha nokuda kwenhungamiro. Jehovha anozivisa chiroto chacho nerevo yacho kuna Dhanieri, uyo ipapo anoenda pamberi pamambo ndokuti: “Kuna Mwari ari mumatenga uyo ari Muzivisi wezvakavanzika, uye iye akazivisa Mambo Nebhukadnezari zvichaitika murutivi rwokupedzisira rwamazuva.” (2:28, NW) Dhanieri anorondedzera chiroto chacho. Icho chiri pamusoro pomufananidzo muhombe. Musoro womufananidzo wacho ndowendarama, mazamu awo namaoko ndezvesirivha, dumbu rawo nezvidya ndezvendarira, uye makumbo awo ndeedare, une tsoka dzakati rutivi ndorwedare uye rutivi ndorwemunyakwe. Ibwe rinorovanya ndokuputsanya mufananidzo wacho uye rinova gomo guru rinozadza pasi rose. Ikoku kunorevei? Dhanieri anozivisa kuti mambo weBhabhironi ndiye musoro wendarama. Pashure poumambo hwake pachatevera hwechipiri, hwechitatu, uye hwechina. Pakupedzisira, “Mwari wokudenga uchagadza umambo husati huchizotongoparadzwa. . . . Ihwo huchaputsanya ndokugumisa uhu umambo hwose, uye ihwo humene huchagara kusvikira kunguva dzisingazivikanwi.” (2:44, NW) Mukuonga nokunzwisisa, mambo anorumbidza Mwari waDhanieri sa“Mwari wavamwari” uye anoita Dhanieri “mubati wenyika yose yeBhabhironi, nokumuitawo mutariri mukuru wavakachenjera vose veBhabhironi.” Shamwari nhatu dzaDhanieri dzinoitwa vatariri muumambo hwacho.—2:47, 48.

 9. Chii chinova mugumisiro unobva mukuramba kwoushingi kwavaHebheru vatatu kunamata mufananidzo?

⁹ VaHebheru vatatu vanopukunyuka choto chomwoto (3:1-30). Nebhukadnezari anomisa mufananidzo muhombe wendarama, wakareba makubhiti 60 (mamita 26,8), uye anorayira vatongi voumambo kuungana nokuda kwetsaurirwo yawo. Pakurira kwamarimba chaiwo, vose vanofanira kuwira pasi ndokunamata mufananidzo. Vapi navapi vanokundikana kuita saizvozvo vanofanira kukandirwa muchoto chomwoto unopfuta. Kunoshumwa kuti shamwari nhatu dzaDhanieri, Shadraki, Meshaki, uye Abhedhinego, havana kuteerera. Vanounzwa pamberi pamambo atsamwiswa, apo ivo vanopupura noushingi, kuti: “Mwari wedu watinobatira anokwanisa kutinunura. . . . Hatizonamati mufananidzo wendarama wamakamisa imi.” (3:17, 18, NW) Azadzwa nehasha, mambo anorayira kuti choto chiveserwe mwoto kanomwe kupfuura nguva dzose uye kuti vaHebheru vatatu vasungwe ndokukandirwamo. Sezvo vanoita ikoku, vaizova vaurayi vanourawa nomurazvo womwoto. Nebhukadnezari anotyiswa. Chii ichi chaanoona muchoto chomwoto? Varume vana vari kufamba-famba mukati momwoto, vasina kukuvadzwa uye “wechina wakatodzana nomwanakomana wavamwari.” (3:25, NW) Mambo anorayira vaHebheru vatatu kuti vabude mumwoto. Vanobuda, vasina kubvuraudzwa, vasina kunyange munhuwi womwoto umene pavari! Somugumisiro wechimiro chavo choushingi nokuda kwokunamata kwechokwadi, Nebhukadnezari anozivisa rusununguko rwokunamata nokuda kwavaJudha vari muumambo hwose.

10. Nebhukadnezari akava nechirotoi chinotyisa chinobatanidza “nguva nomwe,” uye dzakazadzikwa paari here?

¹⁰ Chiroto che“nguva nomwe” (4:1-37). Ichi chiroto chinooneka muchinyorwa samanyoro akakopiwa naDhanieri orugwaro rwehurumende yeBhabhironi. Akanyorwa naNebhukadnezari akadukupiswa. Nebhukadnezari anotanga kubvuma simba noumambo zvaMwari Wokumusoro-soro. Ipapo anorondedzera chiroto chinotyisa uye kuti chakazadzikwa sei paari. Akaona muti wakasvika kudenga uye wakagovera pokugara nezvokudya zvenyama yose. Murindi akadanidzira, kuti: ‘Temerai muti pasi. Sungai hunde yawo nedare nendarira. Nguva nomwe ngadzipfuure pauri, kuti kugozivikanwa kuti Wokumusoro-soro ndiye Mutongi muumambo hworudzi rwomunhu uye unogadza pauri mudukusa worudzi rwomunhu.’ (4:14-17) Dhanieri anodudzira chiroto chacho, achizivisa kuti muti waimirira Nebhukadnezari. Kuzadzika kweichi chiroto chouporofita kwakakurumidza kutevera. Panguva yokuratidzira rudado rukuru, mambo akatambudzwa noupengo; uye akararama semhuka musango kwamakore manomwe. Pashure paikoko, pfungwa dzake dzakadzorerwa, uye iye akabvuma ukuru hwaJehovha.

11. Bhershazari anoona zvakanyorwa noruoko zvine ngwavaira mukati mokufarai, Dhanieri anozvidudzira sei, uye zvinozadzikwa sei?

¹¹ Mutambo waBhershazari: zvakanyorwa noruoko zvinodudzirwa (5:1-31). Usiku hune ngwavaira hwaOctober 5, 539 B.C.E. Mambo Bhershazari, mwanakomana waNabonidus, somutongi pamwe chete weBhabhironi, anoitira mutambo mukuru chiuru chimwe chavakuru vakuru vake. Mambo, abatwa newaini, anorayira kuti midziyo inoyera yendarama neyesirivha yakabva kutembere yaJehovha iunzwe, uye Bhershazari navaenzi vake vanonwira mairi, mukufara kwavo, vachingunorumbidza vamwari vavo vechihedheni. Pakarepo ruoko runooneka uye runonyora shoko rakavanzika pamadziro. Mambo anotyiswa. Vachenjeri vake havagoni kududzira zvakanyorwa. Pakupedzisira Dhanieri anopinzwa. Mambo anokarakadza kumuita wechitatu muumambo kana akagona kurava ndokududzira zvakanyorwa, asi Dhanieri anomuudza kuti azvichengetere hake amene zvipo zvake. Ipapo anopfuurira kuzivisa zvakanyorwa nerevo yazvo: “MENE, MENE, TEKERE, UFARSINI. . . . Mwari akaverenga mazuva oushe hwenyu, akahugumisa. . . . iwe wayerwa pachiyero, ukawanikwa wakareruka. . . . ushe hwako hwakakamurwa, hukapiwa vaMedhia navaPersia.” (5:25-28) Usiku ihwohwo humene Bhershazari anourawa, uye Dhariusi muMedhia anogamuchira umambo.

12. Bangano rokurwisana naDhanieri rinodziviswa sei, uye Dhariusi anobudisa mutemoi panguva iyoyo?

¹² Dhanieri mugomba reshumba (6:1-28). Vakuru vakuru zvikuru muhurumende yaDhariusi vanoshereketera Dhanieri kupfurikidza nokuita kuti mambo aite mutemo unoisa kurambidza kwamazuva 30 pakuita mukumbiro kuna mwari upi noupi kana kuti munhu kunze kwamambo. Munhu upi noupi asingauteereri anofanira kukandirwa kushumba. Dhanieri anoramba kuteerera uyu mutemo unotapura kunamata kwake uye anotendeukira kuna Jehovha mumunyengetero. Anokandirwa mugomba reshumba. Nenzira inoshamisa, ngirozi yaJehovha inovhara miromo yeshumba, uye mangwanani akatevera Mambo Dhariusi anofara kuwana Dhanieri asina kukuvadzwa. Vavengi zvino vanodyiwa neshumba, uye mambo anobudisa mutemo wokutya Mwari waDhanieri, sezvo “iye ari Mwari mupenyu.” (6:26, NW) Dhanieri anobudirira mubasa rehurumende kutozosvikira kukutonga kwaKoreshi.

13. Muchiroto chake amene, Dhanieri anova nechionoi pamusoro pezvikara zvina nokutonga kwoUmambo?

¹³ Zviono zvezvikara (7:1–8:27). Tinotendeukira ku“gore rokutanga raBhershazari,” ane kutonga sezviri pachena kwakavamba muna 553 B.C.E. Dhanieri anova nechiroto chake amene, icho anonyora muchiAramaiki.g Anoona zvikara zvina zvihombe uye zvinotyisa zvichibuda chimwe nechimwe mudzoro racho. Chechina chakasimba nenzira yechienzi, uye nyanga duku inomera pakati pedzimwe nyanga dzacho “[i]chitaura zvinhu zvikuru.” (7:8) Wakakwegura Pamazuva anooneka uye anogara pachigaro chake. “Zviuru zvezviuru” zvinomushumira. “Mumwe munhu wakafanana nomwanakomana womunhu” anouya pamberi pake uye ano“piwa kutonga nechiremera noumambo, kuti vanhu, mapoka amarudzi nemitauro vanofanira kutomushumira.” (7:10, 13, 14, NW) Dhanieri ipapo anogamuchira kududzirwa kwechiono chezvikara zvina. Zvinomirira madzimambo mana, kana kuti umambo. Pakati penyanga gumi dziri pachikara chechina, panobuda nyanga duku. Inova ine simba uye inorwisa vatsvene. Zvisinei, Dare rokudenga rinopinda kuti ripe “umambo nokutonga noukuru hwoumambo pasi pamatenga ose . . . kuvanhu vari vatsvene voMukurusa.”—7:27, NW.

14. Dhanieri anova nechionoi chinoratidzira nhongo negondohwe rine nyanga mbiri? Gabrieri anochitsanangura sei?

¹⁴ Makore maviri gare gare, nguva refu kuwa kweBhabhironi kusati kwaitika, Dhanieri anoona chimwe chiono, icho anonyora muchiHebheru. Nhongo ine nyanga yakatanhamara pakati pameso ayo inorwisana, uye inokurira, gondohwe rinodada rine nyanga mbiri. Nyanga huru yenhongo inovhunika, uye nyanga duku ina dzinomera. Paimwe yaidzodzi panobuda nyanga duku inova huru, kunyange kusvikira pakuzvidza hondo yamatenga. Nhambo yamazuva 2 300 inofanotaurwa kutozosvikira nzvimbo tsvene yapinzwa mu“chimiro chakarurama” chayo. (8:14, NW) Gabrieri anotsanangurira Dhanieri chiono chacho. Gondohwe rinomirira madzimambo eMedhia nePersia. Nhongo ndiye mambo weGirisi, ane umambo huchakamukana kuva huna. Gare gare, mambo ane chiso chinotyisa ucha“mukira Muchinda wamachinda.” Sezvo chiono “chiri chamazuva akawanda anouya,” Dhanieri anofanira kuchichengeta chakavanzika nokuda kwenguva ino.—8:25, 26, NW.

15. Chii chinosakisa Dhanieri kuti anyengetere kuna Jehovha, uye Gabrieri zvino anozivisei pamusoro pe“vhiki dzina makumi manomwe”?

¹⁵ Mesiya Mutungamiri anofanotaurwa (9:1-27). “Gore rokutanga raDhariusi . . . worudzi rwavaMedhia” rinowana Dhanieri achinzvera uporofita hwaJeremia. Achiziva kuti kuitwa dongo kwamakore 70 kwakafanotaurwa kweJerusarema kwoswedera kumugumo wako, Dhanieri anonyengetera kuna Jehovha mukureurura zvivi zvake amene neizvo zvaIsraeri. (Dhan. 9:1-4; Jer. 29:10) Gabrieri anooneka kuti azivise kuti kuchava ne“vhiki dzina makumi manomwe . . . kupedzisa kudarika nokugumisa zvivi, nokuyananisa zvakaipa.” Mesiya Mutungamiri achasvika pakupera kwevhiki 69, pashure pacho achagurwa. Sungano ichachengetwa ichishanda nokuda kwavakawanda kutozosvikira pakupera kwevhiki 70, uye pakupedzisira, kuchava nokuitwa dongo nokuparadzwa.—Dhan. 9:24-27.

16. Ngirozi inoonekazve kuna Dhanieri mumamiriroi ezvinhu?

¹⁶ Kuchamhembe kunorwisana nokumaodzanyemba, Mikaeri unosimuka (10:1–12:13). Rava “gore rechitatu raKoreshi,” uye nokudaro munenge muna 536 B.C.E., isati iri nguva refu pashure pokudzoka kwavaJudha kuJerusarema. Pashure pokutsanya kwevhiki nhatu, Dhanieri ari pamhenderekedzo yorwizi rwaHidhekeri. (Dhan. 10:1, 4; Gen. 2:14) Ngirozi inooneka kwaari uye inotsanangura kuti ‘muchinda wePersia’ wakadzivisa kuuya kwayo kuna Dhanieri asi kuti “Mikaeri, mumwe wamachinda makurusa,” akaibetsera. Zvino inorondedzerera Dhanieri chiono chiri cho“murutivi rwokupedzisira rwamazuva.”—Dhan. 10:13, 14, NW.

17. Inhaui youporofita yamambo wokuchamhembe namambo wokumaodzanyemba iyo Dhanieri anonyora zvino?

¹⁷ Sezvo chinotanga, ichi chiono chinokwezva chinotaura nezvemutsara wamadzimambo wePersia nokurwisana neGirisi kunouya. Mumwe mambo ane simba uchasimuka aine umambo hukuru, asi umambo hwake huchakamukana kuva mativi mana. Pakupedzisira pachava nemitsara miviri mirefu yamadzimambo, mambo wokumaodzanyemba anorwisana namambo wokuchamhembe. Kurwira kutonga kuchavheya. Aya madzimambo akaipa zvisingaruramisiki acharamba achitaura nhema patafura rimwe. “Panguva yakagadzwa,” hondo ichamukazve. Pachava nokumhurwa kwenzvimbo tsvene yaMwari, uye “chinhu chinonyangadza chinoparira kuita dongo” chichaiswa munzvimbo. (11:29-31, NW) Mambo wokuchamhembe uchataura zvinhu zvinoshamisa mukurwisana naMwari wavamwari ndokukudza mwari wenhare. Apo “munguva yomugumo” mambo wokumaodzanyemba anodenhana namambo wokuchamhembe mukurwa, mambo wokuchamhembe achafashamira munyika dzakawanda, achipindawo “munyika yakaisvonaka.” Akangaidzwa nemishumo inobva kumabvazuva nokuchamhembe, achatsamwa ndokudzika “matende ake oushe pakati pegungwa negomo dzvene rakaisvonaka.” Naizvozvo “uchasvika pakuguma kwake, uchashayiwa unomubatsira.”—11:40, 41, 45.

18. Zvinhui zvinoitika mukati mokusimuka kwaMikaeri ‘nokuda kwavanakomana vavanhu vaMwari’?

¹⁸ Chiono chakaisvonaka chinopfuurira: Mikaeri anoonwa akamira ‘nokuda kwavanakomana vavanhu vaMwari.’ Pachava ne“nguva yenjodzi” isingaenzaniswi munhau yavanhu, asi avo vanowanwa vakanyorwa mubhuku vachapukunyuka. Vakawanda vachamuka muhuruva kuti vaende kuupenyu husingaperi, “vakachenjera vachapenya sokupenya kwokudenga.” Vachaunza vakawanda kukururama. Dhanieri anofanira kunama bhuku “kusvikira kunguva yokupedzisira.” “Inguva yakadini kusvikira pakuguma kwezvishamiso izvi?” Ngirozi inodudza nhambo dzenguva nhatu nehafu, mazuva 1 290, uye mazuva 1 335 uye inotaura kuti “vakachenjera [bedzi] ndivo vachanzwisisa.” Vanofara sei vakadarovo! Pakupedzisira, ngirozi inopa Dhanieri vimbiso inonyaradza yokuti achazorora dzokonokei osimuka nokuda kwomugove wake “pakupera kwamazuva.”—12:1, 3, 4, 6, 10, 13.

CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA

19. Mienzanisoi yakaisvonaka yokuperera nokutsamira kwokunyengetera pana Jehovha inowanwa mubhuku raDhanieri?

¹⁹ Vose vakatsunga kuchengeta kuperera munyika yokumwe vanoita zvakanaka kurangarira muenzaniso wakaisvonaka waDhanieri neshamwari dzake nhatu. Pasinei zvapo nokuti tyisidziro yaiva youtsinye sei, ava vakapfuurira kurarama mukuwirirana nenheyo dzoumwari. Apo upenyu hwavo hwakanga hwava mungozi, Dhanieri akaita “nenjere nokungwara” uye noruremekedzo nokuda kwechiremera chikuru chamambo. (2:14-16) Apo nhau yakagombedzerwa, vaHebheru vatatu vakada choto chomwoto unopfuta pane kunamata chidhori, uye Dhanieri akada gomba reshumba panokurega ropafadzo yake yomunyengetero kuna Jehovha. Muchiitiko chimwe nechimwe Jehovha akadzivirira. (3:4-6, 16-18, 27; 6:10, 11, 23) Dhanieri amene anogovera muenzaniso wakaisvonaka wokutsamira kwokunyengetera pana Jehovha Mwari.—2:19-23; 9:3-23; 10:12.

20. Zvionoi zvina zvakanyorwa pamusoro pamasimba enyika, uye nei kuchisimbisa kutenda kurangarira izvozvi nhasi?

²⁰ Zviono zvaDhanieri zvinofadza uye zvinosimbisa kutenda kuhwirudzura. Kutanga, rangarira zviono zvina pamusoro pamasimba enyika: (1) Pane chiono chomufananidzo unotyisa, une musoro wendarama unomirira mutsara wamadzimambo eBhabhironi kutanga naNebhukadnezari, pashure pawo humwe umambo hutatu hunomuka, sohunofananidzwa namamwe mativi omufananidzo. Uhu ndihwo umambo hunoputsanywa ne“ibwe,” iro mudzoro raro rinova “umambo husingazotongoparadzwi,” Umambo hwaMwari. (2:31-45, NW) (2) Panotevera zviono zvaDhanieri amene, chokutanga chichiva icho chezvikara zvina, zvinomirira “madzimambo mana.” Izvi zvakaita seshumba, bere, ingwe ine misoro mina, uye chikara chine meno makuru edare, nyanga gumi, uye gare gare nyanga duku. (7:1-8, 17-28) (3) Tevere, pane chiono chegondohwe (Medhia-nePersia), nhongo (Girisi), uye nyanga duku. (8:1-27) (4) Pakupedzisira, tine chiono chamambo wokumaodzanyemba namambo wokuchamhembe. Dhanieri 11:5-19 anosanorondedzera zvakarurama makwikwi ari pakati penhungirwa dzeEgipita neSeleucia dzoUmambo hweGirisi hwaAlexander pashure porufu rwaAlexander muna 323 B.C.E. Kubvira pandima 20 uporofita hwacho hunopfuurira kutevera nzira yamarudzi anotsiva okumaodzanyemba nokuchamhembe. Nongedzero yaJesu ku“chinhu chinonyangadza icho chinoparira kuita dongo” (11:31, NW), muuporofita hwake pamusoro pechiratidzo chokuvapo kwake, inoratidza kuti uku kurwira kutonga kwamadzimambo maviri kunopfuurira kusvikira ku“mhedziso yetsika yezvinhu.” (Mat. 24:3, NW) Haiwa inonyaradza sei vimbiso youporofita yokuti “munguva yenjodzi ichavapo, isina kumbovapo yakadaro kubva pakumuka kwamarudzi avanhu kusvikira kunguva iyo,” Mikaeri amene uchasimuka kuti abvise marudzi asina umwari ndokuunza rugare kurudzi rwomunhu runoteerera!—Dhan. 11:20–12:1.

21. Uporofita hwaDhanieri hwe“vhiki dzina makumi manomwe” hwakava sei nezadziko inoshamisa?

²¹ Ipapo, pane uporofita hwaDhanieri hwe“vhiki dzina makumi manomwe.” Pashure pevhiki 69 “Mesiya Mutungamiri” aizooneka. Nomutoo unoshamisa, makore 483 (69 anowanziridzwa namakore 7) pashure po“kubudiswa kweshoko” rokuvakazve Jerusarema, sezvakabvumirwa naArtashasta mugore rake rechi20 ndokushandiswa naNehemia muJerusarema, Jesu weNazareta akabhapatidzwa muRwizi rwaJoridhani ndokuzodzwa nomudzimu mutsvene, achiva Kristu, kana kuti Mesiya (ndiko kuti, Muzodziwa).h Irero rakanga riri gore ra29 C.E. Pashure pacho, sezvo Dhanieri akafanotaurawo, kwakava no“kuparadzwa” apo Jerusarema rakaitwa dongo muna 70 C.E.—Dhan. 9:24-27; Ruka 3:21-23; 21:20.

22. Tinofunda chifundoi mukudukupiswa kwaNebhukadnezari?

²² Muchiroto chaNebhukadnezari pamusoro pomuti wakarigwa, sezvakanyorwa naDhanieri muganhuro 4, kunorondedzerwa kuti mambo, akaganza pamusoro pemabasa ake amene uye akanga ane chivimbo musimba rake amene, akadukupiswa naJehovha Mwari. Akaitwa kuti ararame semhuka yomusango kutozosvikira aziva “kuti Wokumusoro-soro ndiye Mutongi muumambo hworudzi rwomunhu, uye kuti iye anohupa kuno uyo waanoda.” (Dhan. 4:32, NW) Isu nhasi tichava vakafanana naNebhukadnezari here, tichiganza nemabasa edu uye tichiisa chivimbo chedu musimba ravanhu, zvokuti Mwari anofanira kuita chirango kwatiri, kana kuti tichabvuma nokuchenjera kuti Iye ndiye Mutongi muumambo hworudzi rwomunhu ndokuisa chivimbo chedu muUmambo hwake?

23. (a) Tariro yoUmambo inosimbiswa sei mubhuku raDhanieri mose? (b) Iri bhuku rouporofita rinofanira kutikurudzira kuitei?

²³ Tariro yoUmambo inosimbiswa mubhuku rose raDhanieri munzira inokurudzira kutenda! Jehovha Mwari anoratidzwa saChangamire Mukurusa anogadza Umambo husati huchizotongoparadzwa uye uhwo huchaputsanya humwe umambo hwose. (2:19-23, 44; 4:25) Kunyange madzimambo echihedheni Nebhukadnezari naDhariusi akagombedzerwa kubvuma ukuru hwaJehovha. (3:28, 29; 4:2, 3, 37; 6:25-27) Jehovha anorumbidzwa uye anokudzwa soWakakwegura Pamazuva uyo anotonga nhau yoUmambo uye anopa kune “mumwe munhu akafanana nomwanakomana womunhu” “kutonga [kusingaperi] nechiremera noumambo, kuti vanhu, mapoka amarudzi nemitauro vose vafanire kubatira kunyange iye.” Ndivo “vatsvene voMukurusa” vanogoverana naKristu Jesu, “Mwanakomana womunhu,” muUmambo. (Dhan. 7:13, 14, 18, 22, NW; Mat. 24:30; Zvak. 14:14, NW) Iye ndiMikaeri, muchinda mukuru, anoshandisa simba rake roUmambo kuputsanya ndokugumisa umambo hwose hwenyika ino yekare. (Dan. 12:1; 2:44; Mat. 24:3, 21; Zvak. 12:7-10) Kunzwisiswa kwouhu uporofita nezviono kunofanira kukurudzira vadi vokururama kuti vazvishandise vamene ndokuvhura mapeji eShoko raMwari kuti vawane “zvinhu zvinoshamisa” zvirokwazvo zvezvinangwa zvoUmambo hwaMwari izvo zvinoziviswa kwatiri kupfurikidza nebhuku rakafuridzirwa nerinobetsera raDhanieri.—Dhan. 12:2, 3, 6.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]