Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 30—Amosi

Munyori: Amosi

Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Judha

Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: Munenge muna 804 B.C.E.

 1. Amosi aiva ani?

HAASI muporofita kana kuti mwanakomana womuporofita asi mupfuyi wamakwai nomutanhi wamaonde emionde—uyu ndiye aiva Amosi apo Jehovha akamudana ndokumutuma kundoporofita kwete bedzi kurudzi rwake amene rwaJudha asi zvikurukuru kuumambo hwokuchamhembe hwaIsraeri. Akanga ari mumwe wavaporofita vanonongedzerwa kwavari pana 2 Madzimambo 17:13, 22, 23. Akabva kuTekoa muna Judha, anenge makiromita 16 kumaodzanyemba kweJerusarema uye runenge rwendo rwezuva rimwe kubva kumuganhu wokumaodzanyemba woumambo hwendudzi gumi dzaIsraeri.—Amo. 1:1; 7:14, 15.

 2. Nguva youporofita hwaAmosi ingawanwa sei?

² Ndima yokutanga youporofita hwake inotaura kuti makanga muri mukati mamazuva aUzia mambo waJudha uye aJerobhoami II mwanakomana waJoashi, mambo waIsraeri, umo akavamba basa rake somuporofita, makore maviri kudengenyeka kwapasi kwechienzi kusati kwaitika. Ikoku kunoisa uporofita hwacho mukati menhambo yamakore 26 kubvira muna 829 kusvikira munenge muna 804 B.C.E., umo kutonga kwaaya madzimambo maviri kwakapinda mune kwomumwe. Muporofita Zekaria anodudza kudengenyeka kwapasi kune ngwavaira mumazuva aUzia, pari panguva apo vanhu vakatiza vachitya. (Zek. 14:5) Wezvenhau wechiJudha Josephus anotaura kuti kudengenyeka kwapasi kwakaitika panguva apo Uzia akaedza nenzira yokuzvitutumadza kupa zvinonhuwira mutembere. Zvisinei, kunoratidzika kuti kudengenyeka kwapasi uko Amosi akadudza kwakaitika pakutanga-tanga mukutonga kwaUzia.

 3. (a) Neiko shoko raAmosi renhamo rakanga rakakodzera nguva? (b) Akakudza sei uchangamire hwaJehovha?

³ Zita rokuti Amosi rinoreva kuti “Kuva Mutoro” kana kuti “Kutakura Mutoro.” Nepo aiendesa mashoko azere nenhamo kuna Israeri naJudha (uyewo kumarudzi akawanda echihedheni), aitakurawo shoko renyaradzo pamusoro pokudzorerwa kwavanhu vaJehovha. Pakanga pane chikonzero chiri chose chokuzivisa mutoro wenhamo muna Israeri. Rubudiriro, upenyu hwoumbozha, uye unzenza zvaiva zvezuva nezuva. Vanhu vakanga vakanganwa Mutemo waJehovha. Rwaioneka kuva rubudiriro rwavo rwakavapofumadzira kuidi rokuti kufanana nomuchero wanyanyoibva, vakanga vatove mukuora kunotungamirira kukuparadzwa. Amosi akaporofita kuti mumakore mapfupi mashomanene chete, umambo hwendudzi gumi hwaizopinda muutapwa kupfuura Dhamasko. Muna ikoku akakudza kururama nouchangamire zvaJehovha, waanonongedzera kwaari ka21 sa“Changamire Ishe.”—Amo. 1:8, NW.

 4. Kuzadzika kwouporofitai kunopupurira uchokwadi hwebhuku raAmosi?

⁴ Kuzadzika kwouhu nohumwe uporofita kunosimbisa uchokwadi hwebhuku raAmosi. Muporofita wacho akafanotaurawo kuti marudzi anovenga akapoteredza Israeri—vaSiria, vaFiristia, vaTire, vaEdhomi, vaAmoni, uye vaMoabhi—ose aizopedzwa nomwoto wokuparadzwa. Kunongova hako nhau kuti imwe neimwe yeidzi nhare dzavavengi yakaputswa pashure penguva yakati. Nzira dzaJudha naIsraeri dzaitova dzine mhaka zvikuru nemhaka yokuti vakasiya Jehovha nokuda kwomuitiro wokunamata kwenhema. Nhare yokupedzisira yaIsraeri, guta rakasimbiswa reSamaria, pashure pokunge rakomberedzwa nehondo yeAsiria mukutungamirira kwaShalmaneser V, yakawa mugore ra740 B.C.E. (2 Madz. 17:1-6) Judha haana kudzidza mune chakaitika kurudzi biyarwo, uye nokudaro akaparadzwa muna 607 B.C.E.

 5. Ruzivo rwokuchera matongo rwunosimbisa sei chinyorwa chiri mubhuku raAmosi?

⁵ Amosi akashurikidza Israeri nokuda kwokurarama kwake kwoumbozha, nokuti vapfumi vaikorovhera varombo kuti vavake “dzimba [dzavo] dzenyanga dzenzou,” umo vainwira waini nokudya noumbozha. (Amo. 3:15; 5:11, 12; 6:4-7) Nyanzvi dzoruzivo rwokuchera matongo dzakafukunyura ufakazi hwourwu rubudiriro. Zvakagadzirwa nenyanga dzenzou zvakawanda zvakawanwa mukucherwa kweSamaria. Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land inoti: “Mapoka maviri makuru anogona kutsauraniswa: 1. Zvishongo zvakavezwa zvakatundumara zvikuru, . . . 2. Zvishongo zvakavezwa zvakatundumara zvishoma, uye zvakanyerenyetwa namabwe anokosha, girazi rine mavara, ndarama nhete, zvichingunodaro. . . . Nyanga dzenzou dzinorangarirwa kuva sezvinhu zvoumhizha hwavaFenike, uye zvichida dzaishandiswa sezvinoiswa mufenicha yedzimbahwe ramadzimambo avaIsraeri. Bhaibheri rinodudza ‘imba yenyanga dzenzou’ iyo Ahabhi akavaka (1 Madzimambo 22:39) uye ‘mibhedha yenyanga dzenzou,’ inofananidzira upenyu hwoumbozha hwairaramwa muSamaria mumashoko etsiuro aAmosi (6:4).”a

 6. Chii chinosimbisa uchokwadi hwebhuku raAmosi?

⁶ Kuti bhuku raAmosi nderemundaza yamanyoro matsvene eBhaibheri hakugoni kuva nepanikiro. Kunosimbisa uchokwadi hwaro ndiko kutaura kwaStefano namamwe mashoko ndima nhatu dziri pana Mabasa 7:42, 43 uye kunokora mashoko kwaJakobho mubhuku racho pana Mabasa 15:15-18.—Amo. 5:25-27; 9:11, 12.

ZVIRI MUBHUKU RAAMOSI

 7. Amosi anonyevera nezvorutongeso rwaJehovha pamarudzi api?

⁷ Rutongeso pamarudzi (1:1–2:3). “Jehovha uchaomba ari paZioni.” (1:2) Amosi anopfuurira kunyevera nezvorutongeso Rwake runotyisa pamarudzi. Dhamasko (Siria) rakapura Gireadhi nemipuro yedare. Gaza (Firistia) neTire akagamuchidza nhapwa dzavaIsraeri kuEdhomi. MuEdhomi mumene ngoni dzimene norudo rwouhama zvave zvichishayikwa. Amoni akavhozhokera Gireadhi. Moabhi akapisa mapfupa amambo weEdhomi kuva marota. Ruoko rwaJehovha rwunorwisana naaya marudzi ose, uye iye anoti: “Handingadzori.”—1:3, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13; 2:1.

 8. Neiko rutongeso rwaJehovha ruchiziviswawo pana Judha naIsraeri?

⁸ Rutongeso pana Judha naIsraeri (2:4-16). Uyewo Jehovha haasati achizodzora kutsamwa kwake pana Judha. Vakadarika kupfurikidza no“kuramba murayiro waJehovha.” (2:4) Uye zvakadiniko naIsraeri? Jehovha akaparadza vaAmori vanotyisa nokuda kwavo ndokuvapa nyika yakanaka. Akamutsa vaNaziri navaporofita pakati pavo, asi vakaita kuti vaNaziri vaputse mhiko yavo uye vakarayira vaporofita, kuti: “Regai kuporofita.” (2:12) Naizvozvo Jehovha ari kuzungunusa nheyo dzavo sengoro yakatakura zviyo zvichangobva kuchekwa. Kana riri simba ravarume vavo vane simba, vachatiza vasina kupfeka.

 9. Chii chinobvumikisa kuti Jehovha akataura, uye Amosi anoporofita zvikurukuru pamusoro paani?

⁹ Kuzvidavirira naIsraeri (3:1–6:14). Kupfurikidza nokushandisa kwake mienzaniso inoshamisa, Amosi anosimbisa kuti idi rokuporofita kwake, mariri rimene, rinobvumikisa kuti Jehovha akataura. “Nokuti Changamire Ishe Jehovha haasati achizoita chinhu kutoti iye azivisa nhau yake yakavanzika kuvabatiri vake vaporofita. . . . Changamire Ishe Jehovha amene akataura! Ndiani asati achizoporofita?” (3:7, 8, NW) Amosi anoporofita zvikurukuru mukurwisana navapambi vanoda umbozha vanogara muSamaria. Jehovha achavanakura pahuvato hwavo hwakaisvonaka, uye dzimba dzavo dzenyanga dzenzou dzichaparara.

10. Jehovha anoyeuchidza Israeri nezvechii, uye izuva ripi renhamo rodokusvika?

¹⁰ Jehovha anorondedzera kuranga kwake nokururamiswa kwaIsraeri. Anovayeuchidza kashanu, kuti: “Hamuna kudzokera kwandiri.” Naizvozvo, haiwa Israeri, “zvigadzirei kusongana naMwari wenyu.” (4:6-12) Amosi anotanga mariro ouporofita: “Mhandara yaIsraeri yawira pasi; haangazomukizve; wawiswa pasi panyika yake, hakuna ungamumutsazve.” (5:2) Zvisinei, Jehovha, Muiti wezvinhu zvinoshamisa mudenga napasi, anoramba achidana Israeri kuti amutsvake ndokuramba achirarama. Hungu, “tsvakai zvakanaka, murege kutsvaka zvakaipa, kuti murarame.” (5:4, 6, 14) Asika zuva raJehovha richarevei kwavari? Richava zuva renhamo. Sorukova ruchavakukurira muutapwa kupfuura Dhamasko, uye dzimba dzakashongedzwa nenyanga dzenzou dzemitambo yavo yakapararira dzichashanduka kuva marara namasarasara.

11. Amosi anoomerera pakuporofita pamusoro paIsraeri kupfurikidza nechiremerai?

¹¹ Amosi anoporofita pasinei hapo nechishoro (7:1-17). Jehovha anoratidza muporofita wake rwonzi rwokururamisa narwo rwakaiswa pakati paIsraeri. Hapasati pachizovazve nepembedzo. Achaparadzanya nzvimbo tsvene dzaIsraeri ndokumukira imba yaJerobhoami II nomunondo. Amazia muprista weBheteri anotuma nhume kuna Jerobhoami, ichiti: “Amosi wakarangana pakati peimba yaIsraeri kukuurayai.” (7:10) Amazia anoudza Amosi kuenda kuna Judha kundoita kuporofita kwake. Amosi anojekesa chiremera chake, achiti: “Jehovha akanditora ndichitevera makwai, Jehovha akati kwandiri: Enda, undoporofita kuvanhu vangu vaIsraeri.” (7:15) Amosi ipapo anofanotaura ngwavaira nokuda kwaAmazia neimba yake.

12. Inzarai inofanotaurwa nokuda kwaIsraeri, asi uporofita hwacho hunoguma nechipikirwai chine mbiri?

¹² Dzvinyiriro, chirango, uye kudzorerwa (8:1–9:15). Jehovha anoratidza Amosi tswanda yemichero yezhezha. Anoshurikidza kudzvinyirira kwaIsraeri varombo uye anopika “noukuru hwaJakobho” kuti ivo vachafanira kuchema nokuda kwamabasa avo akashata. “Tarirai, mazuva anouya—ndizvo zvinotaura Ishe Jehovha—andichatuma nzara panyika, isati iri nzara yezvokudya, kana nyota yemvura, asi yokunzwa mashoko aJehovha.” (8:7, 11) Vachawa zvokusamukazve. Kana vakachera kuti vapinde muSheori kana kuti kukwira kumatenga, ruoko rwaJehovha amene ruchavatora. Vatadzi vavanhu vake vachafa nomunondo. Ipapo, chipikirwa chine mbiri! “Nezuva iro ndichamutsa tabhenakeri yaDhavhidhi yakawira pasi, nokudzivirapo pakakoromorwa; . . . ndichaivakazve sezvayakanga yakaita pamazuva akare.” (9:11) Nhapwa dzakaunganidzwazve dzichava dzinobudirira kwazvo zvokuti murimi achasvikira mukohwi asati agona kuunganidza zvirimwa zvake zvizhinji. Izvi zvikomborero zvinobva kuna Jehovha zvichava zvechigarire!

CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA

13. Tingabetserwa sei nhasi nenyevero dzebhuku raAmosi?

¹³ Varavi veBhaibheri nhasi vanogona kubetserwa kupfurikidza nokucherekedza chikonzero chenyevero idzo Amosi akazivisa kuna Israeri, Judha, uye vavakidzani vavo vaiva pedyo. Avo vanoramba mutemo waJehovha, vanokorovhera uye vanodzvinyirira varombo, vane makaro nounzenza, uye vanoshandisa kunamata zvidhori havagoni kuva netendero yaJehovha. Asi Jehovha anokanganwira avo vanobva pazvinhu zvakadaro ndokupfidza, uye anovanzwira ngoni. Takachenjera kana tichiparadzana nesonganiro dzinoshatisa munyika ino yakashata ndokutetekera murayiro waJehovha, unoti: “Nditsvakei, murarame.”—5:4, 6, 14.

14. VaJudha vomunguva yaStefano vakabetserwa nezviyeuchidzo zvaAmosi here?

¹⁴ Panguva yokuurayirwa kutendeka kwake, Stefano akadudza Amosi. Akayeuchidza vaJudha kuti kwakanga kuri kunamata zvidhori kwaIsraeri navamwari vokumwe, vakadai saMoloch naRephan, kwakanga kwaunza utapwa. VaJudha ivavo vakabetserwa kupfurikidza nokunzwa mashoko aAmosi akadzokororwa here? Nyangwe! Vatsamwiswa, vakataka Stefano namabwe kusvikira kurufu uye naizvozvo vakazviisa vamene munzvimbo yeimwe ngwavaira pakuparadzwa kweJerusarema, 70 C.E.—Amo. 5:25-27; Mabasa 7:42, 43.

15. Uporofita hupi hwokudzorerwa hunobetsera kurangarira?

¹⁵ Kunobetsera kurangarira kuzadzika kwouporofita hwakawanda hwaAmosi, kwete bedzi uhwo hwakazadzikwa mukurangwa kwaIsraeri, Judha, uye mamwe marudzi asiwo uporofita hwokudzorerwa. Maererano neshoko raJehovha kupfurikidza naAmosi, nhapwa dzaIsraeri dzakadzoka muna 537 B.C.E. kundovaka ndokugara mumaguta adzo akaitwa matongo ndokusima mizambiringa yavo namapindu.—Amo. 9:14; Ezra 3:1.

16. Jakobho akaratidzira sei kuzadzika kwaAmosi 9:11, 12 maererano neungano yechiKristu?

¹⁶ Zvisinei, kwakanga kune kuzadzika kune mbiri nokunovaka kwouporofita hwaAmosi mumazuva avaapostora. Mukukurukura kuunganidzwa kwavaisava vaIsraeri muungano yechiKristu, Jakobho, mukufuridzirwa, anojekesa kuti ikoku kwakafanotaurwa muuporofita pana Amosi 9:11, 12. Anoratidzira kuti ‘kuvakwazve kwetabhenakeri yaDhavhidhi yakanga yawira pasi’ kunozadzika maererano neungano yechiKristu, “kuti vakasara kuvanhu vatsvake Ishe, navahedheni vose vakadanwa nezita rangu, ndizvo zvinotaura Ishe.” Hekuno, zvirokwazvo, kutsigirwa kwapaMagwaro kwechiitiko chitsva, sechakarondedzerwa naSimoni Petro—kuti Mwari akanga achitora mumarudzi “vanhu vezita rake.”—Mabasa 15:13-19.

17. Amosi anofanotaura rubudiriroi nokuva hwechigarire pamusoro poUmambo hwaMwari?

¹⁷ Jesu Kristu, Musoro weiyi ungano yechiKristu, mune imwe nzvimbo anoziviswa so“mwanakomana waDhavhidhi” anogara nhaka “chigaro choumambo chaDhavhidhi baba vake” uye anotonga nokusingaperi. (Ruka 1:32, 33, NW; Ru 3:31) Nokudaro uporofita hwaAmosi hunonongedzera mberi kukuzadzika kwesungano naDhavhidhi nokuda kwoumambo. Mashoko okugumisa aAmosi haasati achingopa bedzi chiono chinoshamisa chorubudiriro runofashukira panguva yokumutsa “tabhenakeri yaDhavhidhi” asi anosimbisawo kuva hwechigarire kwoUmambo hwaMwari, achiti: “Ndichavasima panyika yavo, havangazodzurwizve panyika yavo yandakavapa—ndizvo zvinotaura Jehovha Mwari wenyu.” Pasi richazara nezvikomborero zvisingaperi sezvo Jehovha anodzorera zvizere “tabhenakeri yaDhavhidhi”!—Amo. 9:13-15.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]