NEI vaJudha vakawanda vomuzana rokutanga remakore vakatadza kubvuma Jesu saMesiya? Chimwe Chapupu chakaona chinoshuma kuti: “[Jesu] wakati achipinda mutemberi, vapristi vakuru navakuru vavanhu vakauya kwaari achidzidzisa, vakati: Munoita zvinhu izvozvi nesimba ripiko? Ndiani wakakupai simba iri?” (Mateo 21:23) Sokuona kwavo, Wamasimba Ose akanga apa rudzi rwechiJudha Torah (Mutemo), uye yakapa vamwe varume simba rinopiwa naMwari. Ko Jesu aiva nesimba rakadaro here?

Jesu akaremekedza Torah neavo vakanga vapiwa nayo simba rechokwadi zvakakwana. (Mateo 5:17-20; Ruka 5:14; 17:14) Asi nguva nenguva akashora vaya vaidarika mirayiro yaMwari. (Mateo 15:3-9; 23:2-28) Vanhu vakadaro vakatevera tsika dzakazozivikanwa semutemo waiita zvokutaurwa. Jesu akaramba simba rawo. Saka, vakawanda vakamurambawo saMesiya. Vaidavira kuti munhu aitsigira tsika dzavaya vaiva nesimba pakati pavo ndiye chete aigona kutsigirwa naMwari.

“Ndiani Wakakupai Simba Iri?”

Mutemo waMosesi wakanyatsosiyira simba rinokosha rechitendero nemurayiridzo mumaoko evapristi, vazukuru vaAroni. (Revhitiko 10:8-11; Dheuteronomio 24:8; 2 Makoronike 26:16-20; Maraki 2:7) Zvisinei, mumazana emakore acho, vamwe vapristi vakava vasina kutendeka uye vane uori. (1 Samueri 2:12-17, 22-29; Jeremia 5:31; Maraki 2:8, 9) Munguva yokutonga kwevaGiriki, vapristi vakawanda vakabvumirana pane zvisina kufanira munhau dzechitendero. Muzana remakore rechipiri B.C.E., vaFarise—boka idzva raiva muchiJudha risina kuvimba noupristi—vakatanga kuumba tsika dzaizoshandiswa nomunhuwo zvake kuzviona somutsvene kufanana nomupristi. Tsika idzi dzakafadza vakawanda, asi dzakanga dzawedzerwa kuMutemo zvisingagamuchirwi.—Dheuteronomio 4:2; 12:32 (13:1 muzvinyorwa zvechiJudha).

VaFarise vakatanga kuva nyanzvi itsva dzoMutemo, vachiita basa ravaifunga kuti vapristi vakanga vasiri kuita. Mutemo waMosesi zvawakanga usingabvumiri kuti vave nesimba, vakatanga mitoo mitsva yokududzira Magwaro nenzira dzakavanda uye nedzimwe nzira dzingadaro dzaitsigira pfungwa dzavo.a Zvavakanga vari ivo vatarisiri vakuru nevakurudziri vetsika idzi, vakatanga rimwe simba idzva muna Israeri. Pakasvika zana remakore rekutanga C.E., vaFarise vakanga vava simba rinotonga muchiJudha.

Zvavakaunganidza tsika dzaiita zvokutaurwa dzaivapo ndokutsvaka kubatana kwazvakanga zvakaita neMagwaro kuitira kuti vazviitire dzavo ivo pachavo, vaFarise vakaona kudiwa kwokuwedzera simba kubasa ravo. Pfungwa itsva ine chokuita nekwakabva tsika idzi yakatangwa. Vanarabhi vakatanga kudzidzisa kuti: “Mosesi akagamuchira Torah paSinai ndokuipa Joshua, Joshua akapa vakuru, uye vakuru vakapa vaporofita. Uye vaporofita vakaipa varume vesangano guru.”—Avot 1:1, Mishnah.

Pavakataura kuti, “Mosesi akagamuchira Torah,” vanarabhi vakanga vasiri kungotaura chete nezvemitemo yakanyorwa asi nezvetsika dzavo dzose dzaiita zvokutaurwa. Vaitaura kuti tsika idzi—dzakatangwa ndokuvandudzwa nevanhu—dzakapiwa Mosesi naMwari paSinai. Uye vaidzidzisa kuti Mwari akanga asina kuzvisiyira vanhu kuti vazadzise zvakanga zvasarira asi akanga arondedzera mukutaura zvakanga zvisina kutaurwa neMutemo wakanyorwa. Maererano navo, Mosesi akapfuudzira mutemo uyu waiita zvokutaurwa nemuzvizvarwa zvose, kwete kuvapristi, asi kune vamwe vatungamiriri. VaFarise pachavo vaitaura kuti ndivo vakanga vangoberekwa vari vadyi venhaka venhevedzano iyi yesimba “isingagumi.”