Chiratidzo—Wakachiona Here?
“KURE pasi papamusoro pegungwa, ngarava inofamba nepasi pegungwa refu, ine muromo wakatenderera inomira yakatsiga, isingafambiswi namafungu makuru ayo anopfuura napamusoro pegungwa pane dutu. Suo riri pauriri hwengarava inofamba nepasi pegungwa rinovhurika uye chitundu mutsere mutsere chakareba mamita anopfuura 9 uye chakakora mamita 1,4 chinobuda chichimhanya uye chakananga pamusoro. Chitundu mutsere mutsere chinotanga rwendo rwacho chichisundirwa kumusoro nomweya une simba, asi pakusvika pamusoro pegungwa, injini yacho inobatira mwoto uye chitundu mutsere mutsere chinoputika chichibuda mumvura nokutinhira.”
Kurondedzerwa ikoko kwechombo chinokandwa nengarava inofamba nepasi pegungwa, kunobva mubhuku rinonzi Rockets, Missiles and Spacecraft, rakanyorwa naMartin Keen, kunopa revo kuuporofita hwakare hunodeya kutaura nguva yenhamo yenyika nemhaka yo“kutinhira kwegungwa.” (Ruka 21:25) Tyisidziro inobva kungarava dzinofamba nepasi pegungwa dzinokanda zvombo zvinokandwa ihuru sei?
Mukuwirirana nebhuku rinonzi Jane’s Fighting Ships 1986-87, Britain, China, France, Soviet Union, uye United States dzine ngarava dzinofamba nepasi pegungwa dzinokanda zvombo zvinokandwa 131 dzinoshanda. Hakuna guta riri kwazvisingasviki, uye zvinoputika kazhinji kazhinji zvinomhara mukati mekiromita imwe nehafu yechipfuro. Zvimwe zvinotakura zvinoputika zvakakwana “kuparadzanya nyika ipi neipi iri mukati mamakiromita 8 000,” mukuwirirana neThe Guinness Book of Records. Zvakatoipa zvikuru, vamwe vakataura kuti zvinoputika zvomungarava inofamba nepasi pegungwa imwe inotakura zvombo zvinoputika zvinokandwa zvingagona kuparira chando chenyukireya icho chingapinza mungozi upenyu hwose pasi pano! Kudzorwa kwengarava dzinofamba nepasi pegungwa dzinosvika kure chinetsowo. Kunotyiwa kuti chiito chokukurumidzira mungavara imwe inofamba nepasi pegungwa chingagona kutanga hondo yenyukireya inouraya.
Vazhinji vakabatanidza kariro dzinotyisa dzakadaro nechiratidzo chouporofita chaJesu. Kungagona kudaro here kuti chizvarwa chedu chiri kuwana zadziko yechiratidzo ichocho? Maidi anopindura kuti hungu. Uye ikoku kunoreva kuti kununurwa mutyisidziro yehondo yenyukireya kwava pedyo. (Ruka 21:28, 32) Nekariro ine tariro yakadaro, tinokukumbira kurangarira ufakazi hwezadziko yechiratidzo. Mativi akatanhamara echiratidzo anotevera kuratidzwa pasi apa pamwe chete nezadziko yawo yazvino uno.
“Rudzi ruchamukira rudzi, uye umambo huchamukira umambo.” (Ruka 21:10, “NW”)
Chibviro cha 1914 vanhu vanopfuura 100 000 000 vakafa nehondo. Hondo yeNyika I yakatanga muna 1914 uye yakabatanidza nyika 28, tisingaverengi makoroni anoverengeka eEurope ezuva iroro. Nyika shomanene dzakaramba dzisingatori rutivi. Yakaparadza upenyu hunopfuura 13 000 000 navarwi vakakuvadzwa vanopfuura 21 000 000. Ipapo kwakauya Hondo yeNyika II, iyo yakaparadza zvikuru kwazvo. Uye chibviro chenguva iyeyo? Munyaya inoti “Hondo Dzenyika,” pepanhau reSouth Africa The Star rakanokora mashoko Sunday Times yeLondon seinoti: “Chikamu chimwe chezvina chamarudzi enyika panguva ino chakabatanidzwa murwisano.”
“Uye kuchava nokudengenyeka kwapasi kukuru.” (Ruka 21:11, “NW”)
Mubhuku ravo Terra Non Firma, vanapurofesa veStanford University Gere naShah vanoronga udzame hwe“kudengenyeka kwapasi kukuru kwenyika” 164 kunobatanidza makore ane zviuru zvitatu kupinda munguva yakapfuura. Kweiyi hwerengedzo, kune 89 kwakarova chibviro cha 1914, kuchitora upenyu hunofungidzirwa kuva 1 047 944. Rudungwe urwu rwakabatanidza bedzi kudengenyeka kukuru kwapasi, uye chibviro chokubudiswa kwe-Terra Non Firma muna 1984, kudengenyeka kwapasi kunoparadzanya kwakaitika muChile, Soviet Union, uye Mexico, kuchiguma nezvimwe zviuru zvenzufu.
“Kuchava . . . nenhenda.” (Ruka 21:11, “NW”)
Muna 1918 nhenda inouraya yakarova rudzi rwomunhu. Yakanzi flu yeSpania, iyo yakapararira kunzvimbo iri yose inogarwa kunze kwechitsuwa cheSt. Helena ndokuuraya vanhu vakawanda kupfuura vakaurawa mumakore mana ehondo. Sayenzi yezvokurapa yakaita fambiro mberi huru chibviro chenguva iyeyo, asi kune chinetso. The Lancet inotsanangura, kuti: “Kupfuurira kwehosha dzinopfuudzwa muvatano (STD) seboka rinozivikanwa navose zvikurusa rehosha dzinocherechedzwa chinetso chokurapa kwazvino uno. . . . Kudzorwa kwehosha dzinopfuudzwa muvatano kwakaratidzika pane imwe nguva kuva kunodzorwa nesu asi kwakatinzvenga mumakore achangobva kupfuura.”
Kune dzimwe nhenda idzo kurapa kwazvino kusinawo kukwanisa kudzora, zvakadai sekenza nehosha yomwoyo. Yapashure, mukuwirirana neFamily Practice, yeS[outh] A[frica], “ndichinhu chitsva. . . . Muuyo wechaunga chapashure pehondo yenyika yokutanga.” MuBritain, hosha yomwoyo neBP, “ndizvo zvisakiso zvikuru zvorufu,” mukuwirirana nebhuku rinonzi Cardiovascular Update—Insight Into Heart Disease. Iro rinowedzera kuti “fambiro mberi duku zvikuru yakaitwa kukudzorwa kwazvo.”
Munyika dziri kubudirira, mamirioni anotambura nemararia, hosha yokurara, chipfunga, uye dzimwe hosha. Mumwe wavaurayi vakaipa zvikuru venyika kuchaya. Magazini inonzi Medicine International inotsanangura, kuti: “Kwakafungidzirwa kuti zvinoitika zvine mamirioni 500 zvokuchaya [pa]gore sezvingabvira zvichaitika pakati pavacheche navana vaduku veAsia, Africa neLatin America, nenzufu dziri pakati pamamirioni 5 ne 18.”
“Kuchava . . . neperevedzo dzezvokudya.” (Ruka 21:11, “NW”)
Perevedzo dzezvokudya kazhinji kazhinji dzinoperekedza hondo. Hondo yeNyika I haina kusiiwa. Nzara dzinotyisa dzakatevera mushure mayo. Uye chibviro chenguva iyeyo? Pepa chairo The Challenge of Internationalism—Forty Years of the United Nations (1945-1985) rinoshuma, kuti: “Nepo kwaiva navanenge vanhu vane mamirioni 1 650 vaiva nenzara muna 1950 kwaiva namamirioni 2 250 muna 1983; namamwe mashoko, wedzero yamamirioni 600 kana kuti vamwe vane 36 muzana.” Nzara inoparadzanya yakatevera kusanaya kwemvura misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi muAfrica. “Mugore rimwe,” inodaro magazini yeNewsweek, “varimi vomumaruwa vazhinji semirioni imwe veEthiopia navana veSudan 500 000 vakafa.” Zviuru zvomudzimwe nyika zvakapararawo.
“Zviratidzo zvikuru, zvichabva kudenga, zvichavapo. Zviratidzo zvichavapo pazuva napamwedzi, napanyeredzi; napanyika urombo hwavanhu, vachikanganiswa nokutinhira kwegungwa namafungu; vanhu vachapera nokutya nokutarira zvinowira nyika.” (Ruka 21:11, 25, 26)
Hondo yeNyika I yakatanga zvombo zvitsva zvinotyisa. Zviri mumatenga, ndege nengarava dzomudenga zvakanisa mabhomba namabara. Rwakatotyisa zvikuru rwakanga rwuri ruparadziko rwakanaya pavasiri varwi vasina betsero muhondo yeNyika II, kubatanidza urwo rwamabhomba maviri eatomu.
Gungwa rakavawo nzvimbo yorutyo rutsva. Apo Hondo yeNyika I yakatanga, ngarava dzinofamba nepasi pegungwa dzakarangarirwa kuva dzisingakoshi zvikuru, asi pakasvika mugumo weHondo yeNyika II, idzo dzakanga dzanyudza ngarava dzinopfuura zviuru gumi. “Kunyudza ngarava dzinotakura zvinhu, kubatanidza ngarava [dzinotakura vanhu], pasina nyevero kwakaratidzika kuva rutivi rwomuitiro mutsva nounotyisa we‘hondo yachose chose,’” anodaro Norman Friedman mubhuku rake Submarine Design and Development.
Nhasi vazhinji vanorangarira ngarava dzinofamba nepasi pegungwa dzinokanda zvombo zvinokandwa kuva ngarava dzehondo hurusa dzenyika. Zvombo zvinouraya zvinotakurwawo mungarava dzinofamba nepasi pegungwa dzinomhaya zvikuru dzinokanda zvombo, ngarava dzinotakura ndege, uye dzimwe ngarava dzehondo. Mukuwirirana nebhuku rinonzi Jane’s Fighting Ships 1986-87, zvino kune ngarava dzinofamba nepasi pegungwa 929, ngarava dzinotakura ndege 30, ma-cruiser 84, madestroyer 367, mafrigate 675, macorvette 276, ngarava dzinokurumidza kudenha 2 024, uye zviuru zvedzimwe ngarava dzehondo zvinoshanda zvamarudzi 52. Wedzera kuna ikoku madharamete maduku asingaverengeki asi anouraya. Kugara nokugara hakuna kutongova no“kutinhira” kune ngozi kwakadaro kwegungwa kunoparirwa nomunhu.
Munhu akapindawo munharaunda ye“zuva nomwedzi nenyeredzi.” Zvombo zvinokandwa zvinopinda muchadenga zvisati zvamhanya zvichidzika pazvipfuro zvazvo. Ndege dzinofamba muchadenga dzakapinda munyika dzomudenga ndokupfuura. Marudzi azova anotsamira zvakasimba pazvitundu mutsere mutsere zvakaitwa nomunhu zvinotenderera pasi. Zvitundu mutsere mutsere zvinoratidza kwokuenda nezvinozivisa mugariro wokunze zvinovagonesa kutondeka zvombo zvinokandwa zvakarurama zvikuru. Kushandiswa kukuru kuri kuitwawo kwezvitundu mutsere mutsere zvekurukurirano nokusora. “Zvitundu mutsere mutsere,” anodaro Michael Sheehan mubhuku rake The Arms Race, “zvazova meso, nzeve uye manzwi zvamauto akashongedzerwa amasimba makuru.”
Muenzaniso wemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi kwakanga kuri kudenha vari mumhepo paLibya. Aviation Week & Space Technology inoshuma, kuti: “Mifananidzo yezvitundu mutsere mutsere zveU.S. yakashandiswa mugadziriro dzokudenha nokuongorora kwapashure pedenho. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program yakagovera mashoko omugariro wokunze nokuda kwedenho yacho uye ndege dzomuchadenga dzehondo dzekurukurirano dzakabatanidzwa mukutungamirira nokudzora.’ Nemhaka yebasa rinokosha rinoitwa nezvitundu mutsere mutsere zvehondo, masimba makuru ose ari maviri ane zvombo zvinodzivisa zvitundu mutsere mutsere. Kuiswa kwezvombo muchadenga ivavariro iri pachena yesimba rimwe guru mugadziriro inowanzonzi Star Wars. Kana masimba makuru achipinda zvomenemene muhondo yomuchadenga kana kuti kwete, nguva yoga ichataura.
Munguvayi, sezvakadeya kutaurwa, “vanhu vachapera nokutya nokutarira zvinowira nyika.” Utsotsi, ugandanga, kupunzika kwomugariro wemari, kushatisa kwamachemical, uye kushatisa kwemwaranzi inobva munzvimbo dzesimba renyukireya, pamwe chete netyisidziro inowedzera yehondo yenyukireya, zvisakiso zvo“kutya.” Magazini yeBritain New Statesmen inoshuma kuti “inopfuura hafu” yavechiduku venyika iyoyo “inorangarira kuti hondo yenyukireya ichaitika munduramo dzavo, uye 70 muzana inodavira kuti haidzivisiki pane rimwe zuva.”
[Bhokisi riri papeji 7]
Chiratidzo—Chinorevei?
Mamirioni, pashure pokuongorora chiratidzo nebetsero yenhau yezana ramakore rechi 20, vakapwiswa nezvezadziko yacho. (Onawo Mateo, ganhuro 24 naMarko, ganhuro 13.) Chizvarwa cha 1914 zvamazvirokwazvo chakatanhamara. Icho ndicho chinobatanidzwa muzadziko yechipiri yamashoko aJesu, anoti: “Chizvarwa chino hachisati chichizotongopfuura kusvikira zvinhu zvose zvaitika.” (Ruka 21:32) “Zvinhu zvose” zvinobatanidza kununurwa muzvinetso zvinokangaidza zvorudzi rwomunhu.
Jesu akavimbisa vateveri vake, kuti: “Asi kana izvozvi zvichitanga kuitika, tarirai kumusoro, musimudze misoro yenyu, nokuti kusunungurwa kwenyu kwaswedera. . . . Kana mowona izvozvo zvoitwa, zivai kuti ushe hwaMwari hwava pedyo.” Umambo hwaMwari, hurumende yenyika inopfuura yavanhu, ichashandura pasi rino kuva paradhiso yapasi rose. Nokudaro, sezvo zvirokwazvo chiratidzo chakaitika naizvozvo kusunungurwa kuchasvikawo.—Ruka 21:28, 31; Pisarema 72:1-8.
Zvichida iwe hauna kurangarira chiratidzo chouporofita kare. Tinokukurudzira kupfuurira kuongorora Shoko raMwari. Kuita saizvozvo kuchakugonesa kunzwisisa zvakawanda pamusoro pamadonzo aMwari nokuda kworudzi rwomunhu. Nokudaro uchadzidza izvo Jehovha Mwari anoda kuavo iye acha‘nunura’ ndokupinda muParadhiso yapasi iri kuuya.—Pisarema 37:10, 11; Zefania 2:2, 3; Zvakazarurwa 21:3-5.
[Vakatipa Mifananidzo iri papeji 5]
Courtesy of German Railroads Information Office, New York
Eric Schwab/WHO
[Vakatipa Mifananidzo iri papeji 6]
Jerry Frank/United Nations
U.S. Air Force photo