Kunzwisisa Chikonzero Nei Mesia Akanga Achizouya
“Tawana Mesia.”—JOHANE 1:41, “NW.”
1. Chizivisoi chinokatyamadza chakanyorwa muBhaibheri, uye chakaitwa rini?
MUMWE muJudha anonzi Andrea akaita chiziviso chinokatyamadza chiri pamusoro apa kumukoma wake anopfuura makore 1 950 apfuura. Unogona here kunzwa nyanduko mumashoko ake, akanyorwa nomuapostora wechiKristu Johane? Gore iroro risingakanganwiki rakanongedzerwa kwariri nowezvenhau wechiKristu, Ruka, se“gore regumi namashanu rokutonga kwaTibherio Kesari.” Gore rechi 15 raTibherio, kuvambira panguva yaakaziviswa samambo weRoma, rakavamba muna September 28 N.V. uye rakaguma muna September 29 N.V.—Ruka 3:1-3, 21, 22; Johane 1:32-35, 41.
2. Uporofita hwaDhanieri hwakanongedzera sei gore ra 29 N.V.?
2 Gore rokuoneka kwaMesia rakanga radeya kutaurwa nenzira yakarurama. Makore 483 chaiwoiwo akanga apfuura chifo chaapo murairo wakanga wapiwa namambo wePersia Artashasta wokuvakazve Jerusarema, ikoko kuchiva mugore rechi 20 rokutonga kwake, 455 P.N.V.a (Nehemia 2:1-8) Muporofita Dhanieri akadeya kutaura “kuti kubva pakutemwa kwomurairo wokuvandudza nokuvaka Jerusarema kusvikira kuna [Mesia Mutungamiri, NW]; zvichaita vhiki nomwe; uye vhiki dzina makumi matanhatu nembiri.” (Dhanieri 9:25) Nokudaro, nhambo yamavhiki ouporofita 7 + 62 = 69 yaizoparadzanisa izvi zvinoitika zviviri zvinokosha. Mavhiki chaiwoiwo ana makumi matanhatu namapfumbamwe anoenzana namazuva 483. Mukuwirirana nomutemo wouporofita we“zuva nokuda kwegore,” Mesia aizooneka makore 483 gare gare, muna 29 N.V.—Ezekieri 4:6, NW.
3. (a) Chii chiri revo yezita rokuremekedza rokuti “Mesia”? (b) Mesia aifanira kuzadzika uporofitai?
3 Nenzira yakarurama, mugore ra 29 N.V., “vanhu vakanga vachikarira” Mesia. (Ruka 3:1, 15, NW) Zita rokuremekedza rokuti “Mesia” rine revo imwe cheteyo na“Kristu” muchiGiriki; ose ari maviri anoreva “Muzodziwa.” (Johane 1:41, NW) Mubvunzo mukuru pakati pavaJudha vazhinji wakanga uri, ‘Ndianiko uyo Jehovha Mwari achazodza samambo kuti atonge kwete bedzi Israeri asi rudzi rwose rwomunhu?’ Kupfurikidza nouporofita, chisarudzo chakanga chanangidzirwa kumuzukuru womuzukuru chibvi waAbrahama Judha. Kupfuurirazve, Mesia aizova mudyi wenhaka pachigaro choumambo chamambo waJudha Dhavhidhi uye aizoberekerwa mutaundi rokumusha raDhavhidhi reBhetrehema.—Genesi 17:5, 6; 49:10; Pisarema 132:11; Dhanieri 7:13, 14; Mika 5:2; Johane 7:42.
Kuzivikanwa Kwakarurama
4, 5. (a) Chii chakaitika mugore rinokosha ra 29 N.V.? (b) Uyo akasarudzwa saMesia akaziviswa nenzirai yakarurama?
4 Mugore iroro rinokosha, 29 N.V., izvi ndizvo zvakaitika: “Shoko raMwari rakauya kuna Johane, mwanakomana waZakaria, murenje. Iye akaenda munyika yakapoteredza yaJoridhani, akaparidza rubhapatidzo rwokutendeuka kuzokanganwirwa zvivi.” (Ruka 3:2, 3) Ushumiri hwaJohane hwakagadzirira vaJudha vanopfidza kugamuchira kuuya kwoswedera kwaMesia. Kupfuurirazve, Jehovha akapa Johane chiratidzo. Iye aifanira kutsvaka uyo “waunoona [mudzimu, NW] uchiburuka pamusoro pake, ukagara pamusoro pake.”—Johane 1:33.
5 Pashure pokubhapatidza Jesu weNazareta, Johane akaona uku kuzodza kwakarurama. Jesu haana kuzodzwa namafuta, sezvakanga zvaitwa sekuru vake vapasi Dhavhidhi, asi nomudzimu mutsvene waJehovha Mwari. (1 Samueri 16:13; Mabasa 10:38) Panguva imwe cheteyo, inzwi raMwari amene rakati: “Uyu ndiye Mwanakomana wangu, anodiwa, uyo ndatendera.” (Mateo 3:16, 17, NW) Sokupupurira kwakaita Johane gare gare: “Ndakaona [mudzimu, NW] uchiburuka mudenga senjiva, ukagara pamusoro pake. Ini ndakaona, ndakapupurira kuti uyu ndiye Mwanakomana waMwari.”—Johane 1:32, 34.
6. Muenzanisoi wakaisvonaka uyo Andrea naJohane vakatigadzira?
6 Namashoko akadaro, Johane Mubhapatidzi akasuma nokutendeka vadzidzi vake kuna Jesu, achimudanawo kuti “Gwaiana raMwari rinobvisa chivi chenyika.” (Johane 1:29, NW) Vadzidzi vaviri vakakurumidza kupindura. Pashure pokunge zuva rimwe rapedzwa vana Jesu, vakapwiswa zvizere. Zita romumwe rakanga riri Andrea, uyo akatsvaka nokudisa mukoma wake, Simoni Petro. Mumwe mudzidzi anonzwisiswa kuva Johane mwanakomana waZebhedhi, uyo akazova muapostora anodiwa waJesu. Pashure pokupupurira pamusoro paMesia kwamakore anodokusvika 70, uyu Johane akasundwa kunyora mashoko ari pamusoro apa nokuda kwokubetserwa kwedu. Muenzaniso wake nouyo waAndrea unoorora mwoyo wako here? Unodisa sezvavakanga vakaita na“vamwe vaapostora veGwaiana” kuzivisa zvokwadi dzinofadza pamusoro paMesia here?—Zvakazarurwa 1:9; 21:14; Johane 1:35-41; Mabasa 5:40-42.
Akazodzwa saMambo noMuprista Mukuru
7. Neiko Jesu aisagona kubatira somuprista mutembere yeJerusarema?
7 Zvaakaberekerwa murudzi rwechiJudha, Jesu “akava pasi pomutemo.” (VaGaratia 4:4, NW) Naizvozvo, zvaaiva worudzi rwaJudha, iye aisagona kubatira somuprista mutembere yokufananidzira yaJehovha, yakanga ina vaprista vaiva vazukuru vaAroni worudzi rwaRevhi. “Ishe wedu akabva kuna Judha; pamusoro porudzi urwu Mosesi haana kureva zvavaprista,” muapostora Pauro akayeuchidza maKristu biyake kudaro.—VaHebheru 7:14.
8. Tembere yapasi yaJehovha yakadeya kufananidzirei?
8 Muapostora Johane akanyora, kuti: “Chiedza chechokwadi icho chinopa chiedza kurudzi rwuri rwose rwomunhu chakanga chodokupinda munyika.” (Johane 1:6-9, NW) Norubhapatidzo rwaJesu, kwakanga kwakaita sokunge tembere huru yomudzimu yakanga yavapo, zvino kuchiva nomuprista mukuru womudzimu uyo aigona kuponesa rudzi rwomunhu muubatwa kunyika yaSatani yerima romudzimu.—VaHebheru 8:1-5; 9:24.
9, 10. (a) Chii chakarehwa namashoko aJesu okuti, “Chibairo nechipo makazviramba” uye, “Makandigadzirira muviri”? (b) Jesu akanzwa sei pamusoro paikoku somunhu oga?
9 Jesu akanga achinyengetera panguva yorubhapatidzo rwake. Bhaibheri rinoshuma mamwe amashoko ake anokosha, sezvakanokorwa mashoko gare gare nomuapostora Pauro, kuti: “‘Chibairo nechipo makazviramba, asi makandigadzirira muviri; hamuna kuda zvibairo zvinopiswa, nezvibairo zvezvivi.’ Zvino ndakati, ‘Tarirai! ndauya, (pabhuku yakapetwa pakanyorwa zvangu) kuti ndiite kuda kwenyu, imi Mwari.’”—VaHebheru 10:5-7; Ruka 3:21.
10 Nokudaro, Jesu akashandisa kwaari amene uporofita huri paPisarema 40:6-8, uhwo hwakadeya kutaura donzo raJehovha rokugumisa zvibairo zvemhuka zvaipiwa navaprista vaAroni patembere yeJerusarema. Jehovha haana “kufarira” zvipiriso izvozvo, mukuti zvakanga zvichingova bedzi zvokufananidzira uye zvisingakwanisi kuyananisa chivi chavanhu. Nokudaro, Jehovha akagadzirira muviri wakakwana wohunhu wokuti Jesu abaire. Mwari akatamisira upenyu hwoMwanakomana wake wokudenga kudumbu remhandara yechiJudha. Jesu nokudaro akaberekwa asina kusvibiswa nechivi chaAdhama. Akanga ari Mwanakomana wohunhu akakwana waMwari, ane upenyu hwaigona kuyananisa chivi chorudzi rwomunhu. (Ruka 1:30-35) Sokudeya kutaura kwakaita Pisarema 40:8, chakanga chiri chishuvo chemwoyo wose chaJesu kuita kuda kwaBaba vake. “‘Nokuda’ ikoku takaitwa vatsvene nechibairo chomuviri waJesu Kristu, chakabairwa kamwe chete.”—VaHebheru 10:10, 11.
11. Uporofitai hwakazadzika rufu rwaMesia, uye hwakaparira sei kuti ‘chibairo chigume’?
11 Chibairo choupenyu hwohunhu hwaJesu chakabvisa zvachose chinodikanwa chezvipiriso zvokuwedzera patembere yokufananidzira muJerusarema. Kupfuurirazve, rufu rwake rwakaitika paZuva rePaseka 33 N.V. Iwayo akanga ari anenge makore matatu nehafu pashure porubhapatidzo rwake. Makore matatu nehafu aizosvika kuhafu yevhiki rouporofita. (Numeri 14:34) Naizvozvo zvinhu zvakaitika chaizvoizvo sezvakanga zvadeya kutaura Dhanieri pamusoro pokugurwa kwaMesia: “Pakati pevhiki, uchagumisa chibairo nechipo.” (Dhanieri 9:26, 27) Kunyange zvazvo uprista hwokufananidzira muJerusarema hwakashanda kusvikira tembere yaparadzwa muna 70 N.V., zvibairo izvo vaprista vakapa mukati mamakore iwayo zvakaguma kuva noukoshi hupi nohupi, zvatsiviwa nechibairo chikuru chaJesu.—Mateo 23:37, 38.
12. Uprista hwaJesu hukuru kupfuura uhwo hwaAroni munzirai?
12 Aroni akanga ave ari wokutanga munhevedzano refu yavaprista vakuru vaIsraeri. Pashure pokuzodzwa kwake namafuta matsvene, iye aifanira kumirira ari mutabhernakeri kwamazuva manomwe pamberi pokupiwa simba rokubatira somuprista mukuru. (Revhitiko 8:12, 33) Nenzira yakafanana, Jesu akava nenhambo yokumirira pamberi pokupiwa simba rokureverera nokuda kworudzi rwomunhu. Ikoko kwakanga kuri kubva panguva yokuzodzwa kwake soMuprista Mukuru kusvikira kurumuko rwake. Kusafanana naAroni, Mwanakomana asingafi waMwari haadi vatsivi, uye anobatira sezvose zviri zviviri Muprista naMambo “mukuwirirana nomutoo waMerkizedheki.”—Pisarema 110:1-4, NW; Genesi 14:18-20; VaHebheru 6:20; 7:1-3, 11-17, 23-25.
13. (a) Mutoroi unorema waiva pavaprista vakuru vaIsraeri? (b) Jesu Kristu akatakura sei mutoro wakatokura zvikuru?
13 Muna Israeri wakare, mutoro mukuru wokudzidzisa kwakarurama kworudzidziso wakanga uri pamuprista mukuru. (Revhitiko 10:8-11; Maraki 2:7) Jesu nenzira inowirirana akazivisa zvinodikanwa zvakarurama zvaJehovha zvavose vanoda kugara nhaka Umambo noupenyu husingaperi. (Mateo 6:9, 10, 33; 7:28, 29; 11:12; 25:34, 46) Apo akanga ari musinagoge muNazareta, Jesu akarava ndokushandisa kwaari amene uporofita, hunoti: “Mudzimu waJehovha uri pamusoro pangu, nemhaka yokuti akandizodza kuti ndizivise mashoko akanaka.” Ipapo, pashure pokupedzera nguva muKapernaume, iye akati: “Ndinofanira kuzivisawo mashoko akanaka oumambo hwaMwari kuna mamwe maguta, nemhaka yokuti ndakatumirwa izvozvi.” (Ruka 4:18, 19, 43, NW; Isaya 61:1, 2) Jesu akarovedzawo 70 vavateveri vake kuti vafutunure iri basa rokuparidzira Umambo, uye iye akadeya kutaura kuti vaizoita mabasa makuru kupfuura ayo iye amene akanga aita. (Ruka 10:1-9; Johane 14:12) Ikoku kwakavanzarika nheyo yenhimbe yedzidzo yeBhaibheri yenyika yose iyo Jesu aizotungamirira kupfurikidza no‘muranda akatendeka,’ anoumbwa navateveri vake vakazodzwa.—Mateo 24:45-47; 28:19, 20.
Murevereri Mukuru Wouchangamire hwaJehovha
14. (a) Nei muprista mukuru waIsraeri aipinda muNzvimbo Tsvene tsvene paZuva reYananiso regore negore? (b) Chii chakafananidzirwa nezvinonhuwira zvakanaka?
14 Chikonzero chinokosha zvikurusa nei Mwanakomana waMwari akauya kupasi chakanga chisati chiri chokuponesa rudzi rwomunhu. Panzvimbo pezvo, chakanga chiri chokugadzikisa nhau dzokuchera dzakamutswa naSatani pamusoro pouchangamire hwaJehovha. Tinogona kuwana nzwisiso muna ikoku kupfurikidza nokurangarira Zuva reYananiso regore negore raIsraeri, apo muprista mukuru wokufananidzira aifanira kupinda muNzvimbo Tsvene tsvene kanoverengeka. Kupinda kwokutanga kwaiitwa nezvinonhuwira zvakanaka, izvo zvaidururirwa muhadyana yamazimbe anopisa. (Revhitiko 16:12-16) Ikoku kwakasanomirira icho Muprista Mukuru wokufananidzirwa aizoita pasi pano asati akwira kudenga kuzooneka pamberi paJehovha noukoshi hwechibairo chake chohunhu.b (VaHebheru 9:24) Sezvakaratidzirwa neshandiswo yezvinonhuwira, nzira yaJesu yokutendeka yakaratidzirwa neminyengetero yapachokwadi, shingairo huru nokuda kwenamato yakachena, uye rudo rukuru nokuda kwaJehovha. (Pisarema 141:2; Marko 1:35; Johane 2:13-17; 12:27, 28; 14:30, 31; VaHebheru 5:7) Jesu akabudirira mukuchengeta perero isina mhaka mukutarisana nomuedzo wose wamanomano, kunyombwa, uye chitambudzo chakakomba chakatutirwa paari naSatani navamiriri vake.—Zvirevo 27:11; Mateo 22:15-18; Marko 14:60-65; 15:16-32; Ruka 4:13, 29; Johane 8:44, 59.
15. Tinogona sei kuratidza kuonga kwedu kuna Jehovha nokuda kwokugovera muprista mukuru akaisvonaka kudaro? (VaHebheru 10:21-26)
15 Nokuda kwokureverera uchangamire hwaJehovha, Jesu akatuswa norumuko rwokuupenyu husingafi mudenga. Tinofanira kuonga sei kuna Jehovha nokuda kwokutigovera Muprista Mukuru akanakisisa kudaro! “Naizvozvo, zvatino muprista mukuru kwazvo, wakapinda napakati pokudenga, iye Jesu, Mwanakomana waMwari, ngatibatisise kupupura kwedu.” (VaHebheru 4:14) Chishuvo chako here chapachokwadi chokutevera muenzaniso waJesu weperero, pasinei hapo nechingaita Dhiabhorosi? Kana zvakadaro, unogona kutsamira pabetsero, uye unogona kubudirira. Ikoko kuri nemhaka yokuti betsero yakanakisisa inowanika. “Nokuti hatina muprista mukuru usingagoni kutinzwira tsitsi pautera hwedu, asi wakaidzwa pazvinhu zvose sesu, asina zvivi. Naizvozvo, ngatiswederei tisingatyi kuchigaro choushe chenyasha, kuti tinzwirwe ngoni, tiwane nyasha, tibatsirwe nenguva yakafanira.”—VaHebheru 4:15, 16; 5:7-10; VaFiripi 4:13; 1 Johane 2:1, 2.
Kudikanwa Kwegadziridzo
16. Ikariroi idzo vadzidzi vokutanga vaMesia vakanga vanadzo pamusoro pokutonga kwoUmambo hwake?
16 Andrea naJohane vakakurumidza kuziva Mesia wechokwadi, asi ivo navamwe vadzidzi vapakuvamba vakanga vane zvizhinji zvokudzidza. (Johane 16:12, 13) Kufanana navaJudha vazhinji vorudzidziso panguva iyoyo, vaikarira kuti Umambo hwouMesia hwaizovamba kutonga shure ikoko uye kuti hwaizonunura rudzi rwaIsraeri nedzimbahwe rahwo, Jerusarema, kubva muudzori hwaVamarudzi. (Ruka 2:38; 3:15; 19:11; 23:51; 24:21) Bva, ikoko kungadai kwakaunzira rudzi rwomunhu rwunotadza betseroi inogarisa?
17, 18. Neiko Jesu akapa muenzanisiro pamusoro po“mumwe munhu mukuru”?
17 Kuti abvise chivi norufu pavadzorwi vake voUmambo vomunguva yemberi, kwakanga kuchikosha kuti Mesia atange kugurwa kufanana negwaiana rechibairo. (Johane 1:29; Isaya 53:7, 12) Apo Jesu akadeya kutaura kuti ikoku kwaizoitika sei uye kuti iye aizomutswa sei, Petro akapindura, kuti: “Mwari ngaakunzwirei ngoni, Ishe! hamungaitirwi izvozvo.” (Mateo 16:21, 22) Jesu aiziva, zvisinei, kuti vadzidzi vake “havana kunzwisisa shoko iroro.”—Marko 9:31, 32; enzanisa naMateo 17:22, 23.
18 Parwendo rwake rwokupedzisira kuJerusarema, Jesu akatova akananga zvikuru. (Mateo 20:18, 19) Iye akaratidzawo betsero huru iyo rufu rwake rwaizounza, achiti: “Mwanakomana womunhu akauya . . . kuzopa mweya wake sorudzikinuro muchinjano navazhinji.” (Mateo 20:28, NW) Kariro dzisina kururama dzakadzivisa vadzidzi vake kunzwisisa ikoku. Ruka anonyora, kuti: “Nokuti wakanga ava pedyo neJerusarema, ivo vakati [umambo, NW] hwaMwari hwobva hwoonekwa pakarepo.” Kuti agadziridze kufunga kwavo, Jesu akapa muenzanisiro umo akazvifananidza amene no“mumwe munhu mukuru” uyo aifanira kutanga “kuenda kunyika yakanga iri kure, kuti andopiwa [umambo, NW].” (Ruka 19:11, 12) “Nyika” iyoyo yakanongedzera kudenga, uko Jesu akakwira pashure porufu rwake norumuko.
19. (a) Ikariroi isina kururama iyo vadzidzi vaJesu vakaratidza pashure porumuko rwake? (b) Ichinjoi yakaitika pakati poukama hwaMwari navanhu paPentekosta ya 33 N.V.? (VaHebheru 8:7-9, 13)
19 Zvisinei, chinguvana pamberi pokukwira kwaJesu, vadzidzi vake vakabvunza, kuti: “Ishe, modzosera [umambo, NW] kuna vaIsraeri nenguva ino here?” (Mabasa 1:6) Jesu akavaramba here nokuda kwokubvunza ikoku? Aiwa, iye akatsanangura kuti yakanga isati yava nguva yacho uye kuti vaifanira kuzvibatikanisa vamene nebasa rinokosha rokupupurira pamusoro paMesia wechokwadi. (Mabasa 1:7, 8) Ukama hwesungano hwaMwari naIsraeri wokunyama hwaifanira kuguma nguva isati yapfuura. Naizvozvo, Umambo hwouMesia hwomunguva yemberi hwaisazodzoserwa kurudzi irworwo rwusina kutendeka rwapasi. Jesu akaudza vashori vake vechiJudha, kuti: “Muchatorerwa imi [umambo, NW] hwaMwari, hukapiwa vanhu vanobereka zvibereko zvahwo.” (Mateo 21:43) Mazuva gumi pashure pokunge Jesu akwira kudenga, rudzi irworwo rwakaberekwa. Mudzimu mutsvene wakadururirwa pavadzidzi vaJesu vane 120, uye nokudaro vakazodzwa kuva “vatsvene” vaMwari uye “vadyi venhaka pamwe chete naKristu” muUmambo hwouMesia hunouya.—Dhanieri 7:13, 14, 18; VaRoma 1:7; 8:1, 16, 17; Mabasa 2:1-4; VaGaratia 6:15, 16.
20. Pasinei hapo nokuva nekariro dzisina kururama, chii icho maKristu akatendeka omuzana rokutanga ramakore akaita?
20 Kunyange pashure pokuzodzwa kwawo, maKristu omuzana rokutanga ramakore akanga ane kariro dzisina kururama. (2 VaTesaronika 2:1, 2) Asi panzvimbo pokuva varegi kuora mwoyo, vakagamuchira ruramisiro nokuzvininipisa. Vapiwa simba nomudzimu mutsvene waMwari, vakagamuchira nomufaro mugove wokupupurira ndo“kuita vadzidzi vavanhu vamarudzi ose.”—Mateo 28:19, 20; Mabasa 1:8; VaKorose 1:23.
21. Mibvunzoi icharangarirwa munyaya yedu inotevera?
21 Zvakadiniko nezana redu ramakore rechi 20? Vabatiri vomuzuva razvino uno vaJehovha vakanga vakasvinurira here kukugadzwa kwoUmambo hwouMesia hwaJehovha? Uye kufanana navamabiyavo vomuzana rokutanga ramakore, vaidikanirwa kuti kariro dzavo dzigadziridzwe munzira dzakati here?
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
a Ose ari maviri The Encyclopedia Americana neGreat Soviet Encyclopedia anobvuma kuti kutonga kwaArtashasta kwakaguma muna 424 P.N.V. Kwakavamba rini? Muna 474 P.N.V. Achitsigira ikoku, mamwe manyoro ezvokuchera matongo akaiswa musi mugore rechi 50 raArtashasta; mamwe anoratidzira kuti akatsiviwa mugore rake rechi 51. Tichiverenga kudzokera shure makore 50 akazara kuvambira muna 424 P.N.V., tinosvika kumusi wa 474 P.N.V. sokutanga kwokutonga kwake. Naizvozvo, gore rechi 20 raArtashasta, apo murairo wakapiwa, raizova makore 19 akazara mukutonga kwake, ndiko kuti, 455 P.N.V. Nokuda kwohumwe udzame, ona Insight on the Scriptures, Volume 2, peji 616, rakabudiswa neWatchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
b Ona Nharireyomurindi muchiNgezi yaApril 1, 1974, peji 222.
Waizopindura Sei?
◻ Chii chinorehwa nezita rokuremekedza rokuti “Mesia”?
◻ Ndichinoitikai chinokosha chakaitika mugore ra 29 N.V.?
◻ Mesia ‘akaparira kuti chibairo chigume pakati pevhiki’ sei?
◻ Chifo chokuzodzwa kwake, Jesu akatakura mutoroi?
◻ Chii chakanga chiri donzo guru rokuuya kwokutanga kwaMesia, uye irori rinofanira kutitapura sei?
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 13]
Kupinda kwokutanga kwomuprista mukuru muNzvimbo Tsvene tsvene kwakadeya kufananidzira chimwe chinhu chinokosha zvikuru kupfuura ruponeso rworudzi rwomunhu