Tiri Munyika Asi Hatisi Rutivi Rwayo

“Zvino zvamusati muri venyika, . . . nyika inokuvengai.”—JOHANE 15:19.

 1. VaKristu vane ukamai nenyika, bva nyika inovarangarira sei?

PAUSIKU hwake hwokupedzisira navadzidzi vake, Jesu akavaudza kuti: “Hamuzi venyika.” (NW) Aitaura nezvenyika ipi? Pane imwe nguva akanga asina here kumboti: “Mwari wakada nyika nokudaro, kuti wakapa Mwanakomana wake wakaberekwa mumwe woga, kuti ani naani unotenda kwaari, arege kufa, asi ave noupenyu husingaperi”? (Johane 3:16) Vadzidzi nenzira yakajeka vaiva rutivi rwenyika iyoyo nemhaka yokuti ndivo vaiva vokutanga kutenda Jesu nokuda kwoupenyu husingaperi. Kana zvakadaro, nei Jesu akataura kuti vadzidzi vake vakanga vakaparadzana nenyika? Uye nei akatiwo: “Zvino zvamusati muri venyika, . . . nyika inokuvengai”?—Johane 15:19.

 2, 3. (a) VaKristu vaisafanira kuva rutivi rwe“nyika” ipi? (b) Bhaibheri rinotii pamusoro pe“nyika” iyo vaKristu vasiri rutivi rwayo?

² Mhinduro ndeyekuti Bhaibheri rinoshandisa shoko rokuti “nyika” (chiGiriki, koʹsmos) munzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Sezvakatsanangurwa munyaya yakapfuura, pane dzimwe nguva muBhaibheri “nyika” inonongedzera kurudzi rwose zvarwo rwomunhu. Ndiyo nyika iyo Mwari akada uye yakafirwa naJesu. Zvisinei, The Oxford History of Christianity rinoti: “‘Nyika’ ishoko rinoshandiswawo nevaKristu kutaura nezvechimwe chinhu chakaparadzana naMwari uye chisina ushamwari naye.” Izvozvi ichokwadi sei? Munyori weKaturike Roland Minnerath, mubhuku rake rinonzi Les chrétiens et le monde (VaKristu neNyika), anotsanangura kuti: “Ichirangarirwa mupfungwa yakashata, nyika nokudaro inoonekwa . . . senzvimbo umo masimba asina ushamwari naMwari anoita mubato wawo uye izvozvo zvinoumbwa nekushora kwayo kutonga kwaKristu kwokukurira umambo hwomuvengi hunotongwa naSatani.” Iyi “nyika” vanhu vakaparadzana naMwari. VaKristu vechokwadi havasi rutivi rweiyi nyika, uye inovavenga.

³ Nechokugumo kwezana ramakore rokutanga, John airangarira nyika iyi paakanyora kuti: “Musada nyika kunyange nezvinhu zviri munyika. Kana munhu achida nyika, rudo rwaBaba haruzi maari. Nokuti zvose zviri munyika, zvinoti, kuchiva kwenyama, nokuchiva kwameso, nokuzvikudza kwoupenyu, hazvibvi kuna Baba, asi panyika.” (1 Johane 2:15, 16) Akanyorawo kuti: “Tinoziva kuti tiri vaMwari, nenyika yose igere muna iye wakaipa.” (1 Johane 5:19) Jesu pachake akadana Satani kuti “muchinda wenyika ino.”—Johane 12:31; 16:11.

Kukura Kwemasimba Enyika

 4. Masimba enyika akavapo sei?

⁴ Nyika yorudzi rwomunhu iripo zvino yakaparadzana naMwari yakavamba kuvapo nokukurumidza pashure peMafashamo ezuva raNoa, apo vazhinji vevazukuru vaNoa vakarega kunamata Jehovha Mwari. Aive nomukurumbira mumazuva apakuvamba aiva Nimirodhi, muvaki weguta uye “mudzimba mukuru pamberi paJehovha.” (Genesi 10:8-12) Mumazuva iwayo nyika iyi yaiva yakarongwa kuva maumambo amaguta maduku, ayo panguva nenguva aiumba mibatanidzwa uye airwisana. (Genesi 14:1-9) Mamwe maumambo eguta akatonga mamwe kuti ave masimba enharaunda. Mamwe masimba enharaunda pakupedzisira akakura kuva masimba makuru enyika.

 5, 6. (a) Masimba enyika manomwe enhau yeBhaibheri ndeapi? (b) Aya masimba enyika anoratidzirwa sei, uye simba rawo rinobva kupi?

⁵ Vachitevera muenzaniso waNimirodhi, vatongi vemasimba enyika havana kunamata Jehovha, sezvairatidzwa muzviito zvavo zvoutsinye, zvine masimba masimba. Aya masimba enyika anofananidzwa muMagwaro nezvikara, uye mumazana amakore, Bhaibheri rinozivisa matanhatu awo ayo aiva nesimba pavanhu vaJehovha. Iwaya aiva Egipita, Asiria, Bhabhironi, Medhia nePersia, Girisi, uye Roma. Pashure peRoma, simba renyika rechinomwe rakaporofitwa kuti richamuka. (Dhanieri 7:3-7; 8:3-7, 20, 21; Zvakazarurwa 17:9, 10) Irori rakava Simba reNyika reAnglo-America, rinoumbwa noUmambo hweBritain neshamwari yahwo United States, iyo pakupedzisira yakapfuura Britain musimba. Umambo hweBritain hwakatanga pashure pokunge chisaririra chokupedzisira choUmambo hweRoma chaparadzwa pakupedzisira.a

⁶ Masimba enyika manomwe anotevedzana anofananidzirwa mubhuku raZvakazarurwa nemisoro yechikara chine misoro minomwe chinobuda mugungwa ravanhu vasina zororo. (Isaya 17:12, 13; 57:20, 21; Zvakazarurwa 13:1) Ndiani anopa ichi chikara chesango simba racho? Bhaibheri rinopindura kuti: “Shato ikachipa simba rayo, nechigaro chayo choushe, namasimba makuru.” (Zvakazarurwa 13:2) Shato iyi hakuna mumwe kunze kwaSatani Dhiyabhorosi.—Ruka 4:5, 6; Zvakazarurwa 12:9.

Kutonga kwoUmambo hwaMwari Kunouya

 7. VaKristu vanokarirei, uye izvozvi zvinotapura sei ukama hwavo nehurumende dzenyika?

⁷ Kwemakore anodokusvika 2 000, vaKristu vakanyengetera kuti: “Ushe hwenyu ngahuuye, kuda kwenyu ngakuitwe panyika sezvakunoitwa kudenga.” (Mateo 6:10) Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoziva kuti Umambo hwaMwari hwoga hunogona kuunza rugare chairwoirwo pasi pano. Sezvo vachiteereresa uporofita hweBhaibheri, vanopwiswa kuti munyengetero uyu uchakurumidza kupindurwa uye kuti Umambo huchakurumidza kudzora zvinhu zvapasi. (Dhanieri 2:44) Kunamatira kwavo kuUmambo uhwu kunovaita kuti vasatore rutivi muzvinhu zvehurumende dzenyika.

 8. Hurumende dzinoita sei pamusoro pokutonga kwoUmambo hwaMwari, sezvakafanotaurwa muPisarema 2?

⁸ Dzimwe nyika dzinotaura kuti dzinochengeta nheyo dzorudzidziso. Zvisinei, muzviito dzinofuratira chokwadi chokuti Jehovha ndiye Changamire Wechisiko uye kuti akagadza Jesu saMambo wokudenga ane chiremera chokutonga pasi. (Dhanieri 4:17; Zvakazarurwa 11:15) Rimwe pisarema rouporofita rinotaura kuti: “Madzimambo enyika anozvigadzira, navabati vanorangana, kuzorwa naJehovha nomuzodziwa wake [Jesu], vachiti: Ngatidambure zvisungo zvavo, ngatirashe mabote avo abve kwatiri.” (Pisarema 2:2, 3) Hurumende hadzigamuchiri “zvisungo” kana kuti “mabote” zvaMwari izvo zvaizoganhurira kushandisa kwadzo uchangamire hwenyika. Nokudaro, Jehovha anoti kuna Jesu, Mambo wake akazodzwa: “Kumbira kwandiri, ndikupe ndudzi ive nhaka yako, nemigumo yenyika zvive zvako. Muchavapwanya netsvimbo youtare; muchavaputsanya sehari yomuumbi.” (Pisarema 2:8, 9) Zvisinei, nyika yorudzi rwomunhu iyo Jesu akafira haizo‘putsanywi’ chose chose.—Johane 3:17.

Kudzivisa “Chiratidzo” che“Chikara”

 9, 10. (a) Tinonyeverwa nezvei mubhuku raZvakazarurwa? (b) Chii chinofananidzirwa nokuiswa ‘chiratidzo chechikara’? (c) Vabatiri vaMwari vanogamuchira zviratidzo zvipi?

⁹ Zvakazarurwa zvakagamuchirwa nomuapostora Johane zvakanyevera kuti nyika yorudzi rwomunhu yakaparadzana naMwari yaizoramba ichida zvakawanda chinguva chipfupi isati yaguma, ichi“manikidza vose, vaduku navakuru, vapfumi navarombo, vakasununguka navaranda, kuti vapiwe chiratidzo muruoko rwavo rworudyi, kana pahuma yavo; kuti munhu arege kuvapo unogona kutenga nokutengesa asi iye une chiratidzo.” (Zvakazarurwa 13:16, 17) Izvi zvinorevei? Chiratidzo muroko rworudyi chiratidzo chakakodzera chekutsigira chaiko. Zvakadini nechiratidzo pahuma? The Expositor’s Greek Testament inoti: “Uku kutaura kwokufananidzira zvikuru kwakafanana nomuitiro wokutema nyora varwi nevaranda . . . ; kana kuti, tingati, tsika yorudzidziso yokupfeka zita raMwari sedumwa.” Vanhu vakawanda kupfurikidza nezviito zvavo vane ichi chiratidzo nenzira yokufananidzira, vachizvizivisa se“varanda” kana kuti “varwi” ve“chikara.” (Zvakazarurwa 13:3, 4) Kana riri ramangwana ravo, Theological Dictionary of the New Testament inoti: “Vavengi vaMwari vanobvumira [chiratidzo] chechikara, nhamba yechienzi ine zita rake, kudhindwa pahuma dzavo uye ruoko rumwe chete. Izvozvi zvinovapa mikana mikuru yekufambira mberi mune zvemari nezvekutengeserana, asi zvinovaita kuti vatsamwirwe naMwari ndokuvabvisa muumambo hwemakore ane chiuru, Zvak. 13:16; 14:9; 20:4.”

¹⁰ Zvinoda ushingi hukuru nekutsungirira kudzivisa kumanikidzwa kuiswa “chiratidzo.” (Zvakazarurwa 14:9-12) Vabatiri vaMwari vane simba rakadaro, zvisinei, uye nemhaka yeizvozvi, vanowanzovengwa nokunyeperwa. (Johane 15:18-20; 17:14, 15) Panzvimbo pokuva nechiratidzo chechikara, Isaya akataura kuti vaizonyora nenzira yokufananidzira pamaoko avo kuti, “Ndiri waJehovha.” (Isaya 44:5) Uyezve, sezvo vano‘gomera nokurwadziwa’ pamusoro pezvinhu zvinonyangadza zvinoitwa norudzidziso rwakaramba kutenda, vanogamuchira chiratidzo chokufananidzira pahuma dzavo chinovazivisa savakafanirwa nokusiyiwa apo kutonga kwaJehovha kunoitwa.—Ezekieri 9:1-7.

11. Ndiani anopa mvumo yokuti hurumende dzavanhu dzitonge kusvikira Umambo hwaMwari hwauya kuzotonga pasi?

¹¹ Mwari anobvumira hurumende dzavanhu kutonga kusvikira nguva apo Umambo hwaKristu hwokudenga hwatanga kudzora pasi rino. Uku kuregerera kwaMwari hurumende dzezvematongerwe enyika kunotaurwa nezvako naPurofesa Oscar Cullmann mubhuku rake rinonzi The State in the New Testament. Anonyora kuti: “Pfungwa yekuti Hurumende ‘dzechinguvana’ ndiyo inokonzera kuti murangariro wevaKristu vokutanga kuHurumende uve usina kubatana, asi panzvimbo pezvo unoita seunozvipokanidza. Ndinosimbisa, kuti unoita seunodaro. Tinongofanira hedu kududza VaRoma 13:1, ‘Munhu mumwe nomumwe ngaazviise pasi pemasimba aripo . . . ,’ pamwe chete naZvakazarurwa 13: Hurumende sechikara chinobva mugomba rakadzikadzika.”

“Chikara” na“Kesari”

12. Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinorangarira sei nenzira yakadzikama hurumende dzavanhu?

¹² Zvingava zvisina kururama kugumisa kuti vanhu vose vari muchiremera chehurumende vanoshandiswa naSatani. Vakawanda vakazviratidza kuva vanhu vane tsika, vakadai somutongi Sergio Pauro uyo anorondedzerwa muBhaibheri so“munhu wakachenjera.” (Mabasa 13:7) Vamwe vatongi vakatsigira noushingi kodzero dzevashomanene, vachitungamirirwa nehana yavo yavakapihwa naMwari kunyange zvazvo vasingazivi Jehovha nemadonzo ake. (VaRoma 2:14, 15) Yeuka, Bhaibheri rinoshandisa shoko rokuti “nyika” munzira mbiri dzakasiyana: nyika yorudzi rwomunhu, iyo Mwari anoda uye yatinofanira kuda, uye nyika yorudzi rwomunhu yakaparadzaniswa naJehovha, ina Satani samwari wayo iyo yatinofanira kusiyana nayo. (Johane 1:9, 10; 17:14; 2 VaKorinte 4:4; Jakobho 4:4) Nokudaro, vabatiri vaJehovha vane chimiro chendangariro chakadzikama kuutongi hwavanhu. Hatitori rutivi muzvinhu zvematongerwe enyika sezvo tichibatira sevamiriri kana kuti nhume dzoUmambo hwaMwari uye upenyu hwedu hwakatsaurirwa kuna Mwari. (2 VaKorinte 5:20) Kune rimwe divi, tinozviisa pasi peavo vane chiremera nemhaka yehana.

13. (a) Jehovha anorangarira sei hurumende dzavanhu? (b) VaKristu vanozviisa pasi pehurumende dzavanhu kusvikira kumweroi?

¹³ Uyu mutoo wakadzikama unoratidzira murangariro waJehovha Mwari. Masimba enyika, kana kuti kunyange Nyika duku, padzinokanganisa chiremera chadzo, kudzvinyirira vanhu vadzo, kana kuti kutambudza avo vanonamata Mwari, zvirokwazvo dzinokodzera uporofita hunodzirondedzera sezvikara zvinorura. (Dhanieri 7:19-21; Zvakazarurwa 11:7) Zvisinei, apo hurumende dzenyika dzinoita donzo raMwari mukuchengeta mutemo nerunyararo, anodzirangarira se“varanda” vake. (VaRoma 13:6) Jehovha anokarira kuti vanhu vake varemekedze hurumende dzavanhu uye vazviise pasi padzo, asi kuzviisa pasi kwavo kwakaganhurirwa. Apo vanhu vanoda kuti vabatiri vaMwari vaite zvinhu zvinorambidzwa nomutemo waMwari kana kuti pavanorambidza zvinhu zvinodiwa naMwari kuti vabatiri vake vazviite, vanhu vanotevedzera zvakaitwa navaapostora, zvokuti: “Tinofanira kuteerera Mwari kupfuura vanhu.”—Mabasa 5:29.

14. Kuzviisa pasi pehurumende dzavanhu kwechiKristu kunotsanangurwa sei naJesu? naPauro?

¹⁴ Jesu akataura kuti vateveri vake vaizova nemisengwa kwose kuri kuviri kuhurumende uye kuna Mwari apo akazivisa kuti: “Naizvozvo, ipai Kesari zvaKesari, naMwari zvaMwari.” (Mateo 22:21) Muapostora Pauro akanyora achifuridzirwa kuti: “Munhu mumwe nomumwe ngaazviise pasi pamasimba makuru . . . Asi kana uchiita zvakaipa, chitya; nokuti iye haabati munondo pasina; nokuti ndiye mushumiri waMwari, mutsivi wokutsamwa kune unoita zvakaipa. Naizvozvo munofanira kuzviisa pasi pavo, musingadaro nokuda kwokutsamwa bedzi, asi nokuda kwehanawo. Nokuti nemhaka iyo munoripawo mutero.” (VaRoma 13:1, 4-6) Kubva muzana ramakore rokutanga C.E. kusvikira nhasi, vaKristu vaifanira kurangarira zvaidiwa neHurumende. Vaifanira kuziva kana kubvumirana nezvaidiwa izvozvo kwaizoita kuti vabvumiranise zvisina kufanira kunamata kwavo kana kuti zvaidiwa izvozvo zvaifanira kuitwa vachitungamirirwa nehana.

Vagari Vanotungamirirwa Nehana

15. Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoripa sei zvinhu zvaKesari zvichitungamirirwa nehana?

¹⁵ “Masimba makuru” ezvematongerwe enyika anonzi “mushumiri” waMwari paanoita basa rawo raakapihwa naMwari, iro rinobatanidza “kuti vatsive vanoita zvakaipa, uye varumbidze vanoita zvakanaka.” (1 Petro 2:13, 14) Vabatiri vaJehovha vanodzorera zvinodiwa naKesari nenzira yapamutemo kana toreva nezvemitero vachitungamirirwa nehana, uye chero bedzi hana yavo yakarovedzwa neBhaibheri ichivatendera vacha“teerera hurumende nezviremera navatongi, . . . vakagadzirira kuita basa rose rakanaka.” (Tito 3:1, NW) “Basa rakanaka” rinobatanidza kubatsira vamwe, seapo ngwavaira inorova. Vakawanda vakapupurira mutsa wakaratidzwa neZvapupu zvaJehovha kuvanhu biyavo muiyi migariro.—VaGaratia 6:10.

16. Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoitira basai rakanaka hurumende nevamwe vanhu zvichitungamirirwa nehana?

¹⁶ Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoda vanhu uye zvinorangarira kuti basa rakaisvonaka ravanogona kuita nderekuvabatsira kusvika pakuziva zvakarurama donzo raMwari rokuunza “denga idzva nenyika itsva.” (2 Petro 3:13) Kupfurikidza nokudzidzisa nokuchengeta nheyo dzakakwirira dzetsika dzeBhaibheri, vanoshanda munzanga yavanhu, vachiita kuti vakawanda vasasindimare. Vabatiri vaJehovha vanoteerera mutemo uye vanoremekedza makurukota ehurumende, vatongi, uye zviremera zvemaguta, vachiremekedza ‘avo vanoda kukudzwa.’ (VaRoma 13:7) Vabereki zvapupu vanobata pamwe chete navadzidzisi vavana vavo ndokubatsira vana vavo kudzidza zvakanaka, kuitira kuti gare gare ava vakwanise kurarama kwete kuzova mutoro kunzanga. (1 VaTesaronika 4:11, 12) Mukati meungano dzazvo, Zvapupu zvinoshora kusarura kwourudzi nokusiyanisa mapoka, uye vanokoshesa zvikuru kusimbisa upenyu hwemhuri. (Mabasa 10:34, 35; VaKorose 3:18-21) Naizvozvo, kupfurikidza nezviito zvavo, vanoratidza kuti kupomerwa kwavo kusada mhuri kana kuti kusabatsira nzanga ndekwenhema. Nokudaro, mashoko omuapostora Petro anova echokwadi: “Ndiko kuda kwaMwari, kuti nokuita kwenyu zvakanaka munyaradze kusaziva kwamapenzi.”—1 Petro 2:15.

17. VaKristu vanogona sei ku“famba . . . nokuchenjera kuna vari kunze”?

¹⁷ Naizvozvo nepo vateveri vechokwadi vaKristu “[vasiri] venyika,” vachiri munzanga yenyika yavanhu uye vanofanira ku“famba . . . nokuchenjera kuna vari kunze.” (Johane 17:16; VaKorose 4:5) Chero bedzi Jehovha achibvumira zviremera zvapamusoro kushanda somushumiri wake, tichavaremekedza zvakafanira. (VaRoma 13:1-4) Nepo tichiramba tisingatori rutivi mune zvematongerwe enyika, tinonyengeterera “madzimambo, navose vari vakuru,” zvikurukuru apo ivava vanonzi vaite zvisarudzo zvingagona kukanganisa rusununguko rwedu rwokunamata. Ticharamba tichiita izvozvi “kuti tigare norugare nokunyarara pakunamata Mwari kwose,” kuitira kuti ‘vanhu vose vaponeswe.’—1 Timotio 2:1-4.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

Mibvunzo Yokuhwirudzura

◻ VaKristu rutivi rwe“nyika” ipi, asi havagoni kuva rutivi rwe“nyika” ipi?

◻ Chii chinofananidzirwa ne“chiratidzo” che“chikara” paruoko rwomunhu kana kuti pahuma, uye vabatiri vaJehovha vakatendeka vane zviratidzo zvipi?

◻ VaKristu vechokwadi vanorangarira sei nenzira yakadzikama hurumende dzavanhu?

◻ Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinobatsira garikano yenzanga nedzimwei nzira?

[Mifananidzo iri papeji 16]

Bhaibheri rinozivisa hurumende dzavanhu sezvose zviri zviviri chikara uye semubatiri waMwari

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 17]

Nemhaka yokuda vamwe, Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoshanda munzanga yazvo