Sabata

VaKristu vanosungirwa kuchengeta sabata revhiki nevhiki here?

Eks. 31:16, 17: “Vanakomana vaIsraeri vanofanira kuchengeta sabata, kuti vaite sabata muzvizvarwa zvavo zvose. Iyo isungano nokusingagumi [“sungano isingaperi,” BUS]. Iyo chiratidzo nokusingagumi pakati pangu nevanakomana vaIsraeri.” (Onai kuti kuchengeta sabata kwaiva chiratidzo pakati paJehovha nevaIsraeri; izvi zvasaizova zvakadaro kudai vanhu vose vaisungirwa kuchengeta Sabata. Shoko rechiHebheru rakashandurwa kuti “nokusingaperi” muBUS ndi‛oh·lamʹ, iro rinoreva nguva yatisingagoni kuziva parizvino kuti yakareba sei asi iri nguva refu. Izvozvo zvinogona kureva kuti nokusingagumi, asi hazvina kudaro nguva dzose. Pana Numeri 25:13 shoko rechiHebheru rimwe chete iroro rinoshandiswa paupristi, uhwo hwakazoguma pave paya, maererano naVaHebheru 7:12.)

VaR. 10:4: “Kristu ndiye mugumo woMutemo, kuti munhu wose anotenda ave nokururama.” (Kuchengeta sabata kwaiva chikamu choMutemo wacho. Mwari akashandisa Kristu kuti agumise Mutemo iwoyo. Kuva noukama hwakanaka naMwari kunobva pakutenda muna Kristu, kwete pakuchengeta sabata vhiki nevhiki.) (Uyewo VaGaratiya 4:9-11; VaEfeso 2:13-16)

VaK. 2:13-16: “[Mwari] akatikanganwira nomutsa kudarika kwedu kwose, akadzima rugwaro rwakanyorwa nemaoko rwairwisana nesu, rwaiumbwa nemirayiro uye rwaipesana nesu . . . Naizvozvo ngaparege kuva nomunhu anokutongai pane zvokudya nezvokunwa kana pamusoro pomutambo kana pamusoro pokuchengetwa kwokugara kwomwedzi kana pamusoro pesabata.” (Maererano naEksodho 31:14 uye Numeri 15:32-35, munhu aiva pasi poMutemo waMosesi paainzi ane mhosva yokutyora mutemo weSabata, ungano yose yaifanira kumutema nematombo kusvikira afa. Vakawanda vasingabvumirani pamusoro pokuchengeta sabata vanofanira kufara kuti hatisi pasi poMutemo iwoyo. Sezvinoratidzwa murugwaro rwataurwa pano, kuva noukama hwakanaka naMwari hakusisina basa nokuchengeta sabata kwairayirwa vaIsraeri.)

Musi weSvondo wakasvika sei pakuva zuva rinonyanya kushandiswa nevanhu vakawanda vechiKristudhomu pakunamata?

Kunyange zvazvo Kristu akamutswa pazuva rokutanga revhiki (zvino rava kunzi Svondo), Bhaibheri harirayiri kuti titsaure zuva iroro revhiki sedzvene.

“Zita reChihedheni rokuti ‘Dies Solis,’ kana kuti ‘Svondo,’ rakaramba richishandiswa pamitambo yechiKristu yevhiki nevhiki, zvichibva pakubatana kwakaita Chihedheni ne[ainzi] manzwiro echiKristu uye zuva rokutanga revhiki rakarumbidzwa naConstantine [mumurayiro womuna 321 C.E.] kuvanhu vake, veChihedheni nevechiKristu, se‘musi unoremekedzwa weZuva.’ . . . Yaiva nzira yake yokuti zvitendero zvaisawirirana zvomuUmambo hwacho zviwirirane zviri pasi pourongwa humwe chete.”—Lectures on the History of the Eastern Church (New York, 1871), A. P. Stanley, peji 291.

Mutemo wokuchengeta sabata wakapiwa Adhamu here zvichizoita kuti vana vake vose vave pasi pawo?

Jehovha Mwari akazorora pamabasa ake okusika zvepanyika pashure pokugadzira pasi kuti vanhu vagare. Izvi zviri pana Genesisi 2:1-3. Asi muBhaibheri hapana panotaurwa kuti Mwari akarayira Adhamu kuti achengete zuva rechinomwe revhiki nevhiki sesabata.

Dheut. 5:15: “Unofanira kuyeuka kuti iwe [Israeri] wakava muranda munyika yeIjipiti, Jehovha Mwari wako akakubudisa imomo noruoko rune simba uye noruoko rwakatambanudzwa. Ndokusaka Jehovha Mwari wako akakurayira kuti uchengete zuva resabata.” (Pano Jehovha ari kubatanidza kupa kwaakaita mutemo wesabata nokununura kwaakaita Israeri muuranda muIjipiti, kwete nezvakaitika muEdheni.)

Eks. 16:1, 23-29: “Ungano yose yevanakomana vaIsraeri ikazosvika kurenje reSini . . . pazuva rechigumi nemashanu romwedzi wechipiri vabuda munyika yeIjipiti. . . . [Mosesi] akati kwavari: ‘Ndizvo zvakataurwa naJehovha. Mangwana tichachengeta sabata, iro sabata dzvene rinoitirwa Jehovha. . . . Muchazvinhonga [mana] mazuva matanhatu, asi zuva rechinomwe isabata. Hapana zvichavapo pariri.’ . . . Jehovha akati kuna Mosesi: . . . ‘Onai kuti Jehovha . . . akakupai sabata.’” (Izvi zvisati zvaitika, vakanga vaine vhiki dzaiva nemazuva manomwe manomwe, asi pano apa ndipo panotanga kutaurwa nezvokuchengeta sabata.)

Mutemo waMosesi wakakamurwa kuva zvikamu zvo“muitiro” uye zve“tsika,” here uye vaKristu vanosungirwa here kuva pasi po“mutemo wetsika” (Mirayiro Gumi)?

Jesu paaitaura nezvoMutemo, airatidza here kuti wakakamurwa kuva zvikamu zviviri?

Mat. 5:17, 21, 23, 27, 31, 38: “Musafunga kuti ndakauya kuzoparadza Mutemo kana kuti Zvakanyorwa nevaprofita. Handina kuuya kuzoparadza, asi kuzozadzisa.” Iye zvino chiona zvakazotaurwa naJesu. “Makanzwa kuti zvakanzi kune vaya vomunguva yekare, ‘Usaponda [Eks. 20:13; Murayiro Wechitanhatu]’ . . . Zvino, kana uchiuya nechipo chako kuatari [Dheut. 16:16, 17; wakanga usiri paMirayiro Gumi] . . . Makanzwa kuti zvakanzi, ‘Usaita upombwe [Eks. 20:14; Murayiro Wechinomwe].’ Zvakare zvakanzi, ‘Munhu wose anoramba mudzimai wake, ngaamupe rugwaro rwokumuramba [Dheut. 24:1; wakanga usiri paMirayiro Gumi].’ Makanzwa kuti zvakanzi, ‘Ziso rinotsiviwa neziso uye zino nezino [Eks. 21:23-25; wakanga usiri paMirayiro Gumi].’” (Saka, Jesu akataura nezveMirayiro Gumi nezvimwe zvikamu zvoMutemo, asingazvisiyanisi. Isu tinofanira kuzvisiyanisa here?)

Jesu paakabvunzwa kuti, “Mudzidzisi, ndoupi murayiro mukuru paMitemo yose?” akangotaura nezveMirayiro Gumi chete here? Kwete, akapindura kuti: “‘Ida Jehovha Mwari wako nomwoyo wako wose nomweya wako wose nepfungwa dzako dzose.’ Uyu ndiwo murayiro mukuru pane yose uye wokutanga. Wechipiri, wakafanana nawo, ndouyu, ‘Ida muvakidzani wako sezvaunozviita.’ Mutemo wose, uye Zvakanyorwa nevaprofita zvakavakirwa pamirayiro iyi miviri.” (Mat. 22:35-40) Kana vamwe vachiomerera paMirayiro Gumi (Dheut. 5:6-21), vachitaura kuti vaKristu vanosungirwa kuichengeta asi vamwe vose vasingadaro, vanenge vasiri kunyatsoramba zvakataurwa naJesu here (achitora mashoko aDheut. 6:5; Revh. 19:18) kuti mirayiro mikuru pane yose ndeipi?

Parinotaura nezvokuguma kwoMutemo waMosesi, Bhaibheri rinotaura zvakananga here kuti Mirayiro Gumi yaivawo pane yakaguma?

VaR. 7:6, 7: “Zvino takasunungurwa paMutemo, nokuti takafa kune chakanga chakatibata zvakasimba . . . Saka, tichatii? Mutemo chivi here? Izvozvo ngazvirege kumbova zvakadaro! Chokwadi ndingadai ndisina kusvika pakuziva chinonzi chivi kudai pakanga pasina Mutemo; uye, somuenzaniso, ndingadai ndisina kuziva chinonzi kuchochora kudai Mutemo wakanga usina kuti: ‘Usachochora.’” (Pashure chaipo pokunge anyora kuti vaKristu vechiJudha vakanga ‘vasunungurwa paMutemo,’ Pauro akataura muenzaniso upi womuMutemo? Murayiro Wechigumi, achiratidza kuti waibatanidzwa muMutemo wavakanga vasunungurwa pauri.)

2 VaK. 3:7-11: “Kana bumbiro remitemo rinokonzera rufu uye rakanga rakatemerwa nemabhii pamatombo rakavapo nokubwinya, zvokuti vana vaIsraeri vaisagona kuramba vakatarira chiso chaMosesi nokuda kwokubwinya kwaiva pachiso chake, iko kubwinya kwaizoguma, nei kupiwa kwomudzimu kusingafaniri kutova nokubwinya kukuru kwazvo? . . . Nokuti kana chaizoguma chakaunzwa nokubwinya, chinoramba chiripo chichatova nokubwinya kukuru kwazvo.” (Pano pari kutaurwa nezvebumbiro iro “rakatemerwa nemabhii pamatombo” uye zvinonzi “vana vaIsraeri vaisagona kuramba vakatarira chiso chaMosesi” panguva yavakapiwa bumbiro racho. Izvi zviri kurondedzera chii? Eksodho 34:1, 28-30 inoratidza kuti kupiwa kweMirayiro Gumi; iyi ndiyo mirayiro yaiva yakatemerwa padombo. Zviri pachena kuti iyi iripowo pane iya inonzi norugwaro rwuri pano ‘yaizoguma.’)

Kuguma kweMutemo waMosesi, kusanganisira Mirayiro Gumi, kunoreva here kuguma kwemitemo yose yetsika?

Kwete; mirayiro yakawanda iri muMirayiro Gumi yakanyorwazve mumabhuku akafuridzirwa eMagwaro echiKristu echiGiriki. (Zvisinei, mutemo wesabata hauna kunyorwazve.) Asi pasinei nokuti mutemo wakanaka zvakadini, chero bedzi munhu akava nemafungiro akaipa, haazoteereri mutemo. Zvisinei, nezvesungano itsva iyo yakatsiva sungano yoMutemo, VaHebheru 8:10 inoti: “‘Nokuti iyi ndiyo sungano yandichaita neimba yaIsraeri pashure pemazuva iwayo,’ ndizvo zvinotaura Jehovha. ‘Ndichaisa mitemo yangu mupfungwa dzavo, uye ndichainyora mumwoyo mavo. Ndichava Mwari wavo, uye ivo vachava vanhu vangu.’” Mitemo yakadai inoshanda zvikuru kupfuura iya yakatemerwa pamatombo!

VaR. 6:15-17: “Totadza here nokuti hatisi pasi pomutemo asi pasi pomutsa usina kukodzera kuwanwa? Izvozvo ngazvirege kumboitika! Hamuzivi here kuti kana muchiramba muchizvipa kumunhu sevaranda kuti mumuteerere, muri varanda vake nokuti munomuteerera, zvimwe vechivi chinotungamirira kurufu kana kuti vokuteerera kunotungamirira kukururama? Asi Mwari ngaaongwe kuti makanga muri varanda vechivi asi makava vanoteerera zvichibva pamwoyo madzidzisiro iwayo amakaiswa kwaari.” (Onawo VaGaratiya 5:18-24.)

Sabata revhiki nevhiki rinorevei kuvaKristu?

Kune “zororo resabata” rinochengetwa nevaKristu zuva nezuva

VaHebheru 4:4-11 inoti: “Pane imwe nzvimbo [Genesisi 2:2] [Mwari] akataura pamusoro pezuva rechinomwe achiti: ‘Mwari akazorora pazuva rechinomwe pamabasa ake ose,’ uyezve panzvimbo iyi [Pisarema 95:11] anoti: ‘Havazopindi muzororo rangu.’ Naizvozvo, zvazvinosarira vamwe kupinda mariri, uye vaya vakatanga kuparidzirwa mashoko akanaka zvavasina kupinda nokuda kwokusateerera, iye anotarazve rimwe zuva nokutaura pashure penguva refu kwazvo mupisarema raDhavhidhi [Pisarema 95:7, 8] achiti ‘Nhasi’; sokutaurwa kwazvaitwa pamusoro apa: ‘Nhasi kana mukateerera inzwi rake, musaomesa mwoyo yenyu.’ Nokuti kudai Joshua akanga avapinza munzvimbo yezororo, Mwari angadai asina kuzotaura nezverimwe zuva. Naizvozvo kuchine zororo resabata nokuda kwevanhu vaMwari. Nokuti munhu anenge apinda muzororo raMwari anenge azororawo pamabasa ake, sezvakaita Mwari pane ake. Naizvozvo ngatiitei zvose zvatinogona kuti tipinde muzororo iroro, kuti parege kuva nomunhu angawira mumuitiro wokusateerera wakafanana.”

Pano vaKristu vari kukurudzirwa kuzorora pachii? ‘Pamabasa avo.’ Mabasa api? Mabasa avakambotsvaka kuratidza nawo kuti vakarurama. Havachambodaviri kuti vanogona kufarirwa naMwari vowana upenyu husingaperi nokuita maererano nemimwe mirayiro uye tsika. Ndicho chikanganiso chakaitwa nevaJudha vakanga vasina kutendeka avo ‘vakatsvaka kumisa kururama kwavo pachavo, asi vasina kuzviisa pasi pokururama kwaMwari.’ (VaR. 10:3) VaKristu vechokwadi vanoziva kuti tose takaberekwa tiine chivi uye kuti munhu wose anogona kuva akarurama kuna Mwari kana achitenda muchibayiro chaKristu. Vanoedza kuteerera voshandisa zvose zvakadzidziswa noMwanakomana waMwari. Vanogamuchira mazano uye kutsiurwa kwavanoitwa neShoko raMwari. Izvi hazvirevi kuti vanofunga kuti vanogona kufarirwa naMwari nokuita kudaro; asi, zvavanoita zvinoratidza rudo rwavo uye kutenda kwavo. Vanodzivisa “muitiro wokusateerera” werudzi rwechiJudha nokurarama saizvozvo.

“Zuva rechinomwe” rinotaurwa pana Genesisi 2:2 raisangova zuva remaawa 24. (Ona peji 167, pasi pomusoro unoti “Kusika.”) Saizvozvowo, “zororo resabata” rinochengetwa nevaKristu vechokwadi harisi zuva remaawa 24. Vanogona kurichengeta zuva nezuva nokuratidza kutenda uye kuteera zano reBhaibheri, uye vachanyanya kuita izvi munyika itsva yaMwari.

Kune zororo “resabata” remakore ane chiuru rakamirira vanhu

Mako 2:27, 28: “[Jesu] akaenderera mberi achiti kwavari: ‘Sabata rakaitwa kuti rivepo nokuda kwomunhu, asi munhu haana kuitwa kuti avepo nokuda kwesabata; nokudaro Mwanakomana womunhu ndiye Ishe kunyange wesabata.’”

Jesu aiziva kuti Jehovha akanga atanga Sabata sechiratidzo pakati paMwari nevaIsraeri uye kuti raifanira kuita kuti vazorore pamabasa avo. Jesu aizivawo kuti rufu rwake rwaizobatsira pakugumisa Mutemo waMosesi sezvo wakazadzika maari. Ainzwisisa kuti Mutemo iwoyo, nezvinodiwa zvawo zvokuchengeta sabata, wakava ‘mumvuri wezvinhu zvakanaka zvaizouya.’ (VaH. 10:1; VaK. 2:16, 17) Maererano ne“zvinhu zvakanaka” izvozvo pane “sabata” raachazova Ishe waro.

Zvaari Ishe wemadzishe, Kristu achatonga nyika yose kwemakore ane chiuru. (Zvak. 19:16; 20:6; Pis. 2:6-8) Paaiva pasi pano, Jesu akaratidza ngoni nokuita mamwe emabasa ake anoshamisa okuporesa paSabata, achiratidza kununura kwaachaita vanhu vemarudzi ose paachatonga kwemakore ane chiuru. (Ruka 13:10-13; Joh. 5:5-9; 9:1-14) Vaya vanonzwisisa zvinonyatsorehwa neSabata vachawana mukana wokubatsirwawo nezororo iroro re“sabata.”

‘VaKristu vanofanira kuchengeta Sabata’

Ungapindura kuti: ‘Nei muchifunga kudaro?’ Ungawedzerawo kuti: ‘Zvinotaura Bhaibheri nezvaro chokwadi zvinofanira kudzora mafungiro edu panyaya yacho, handiti?. . . Pane dzimwe ndima dzeBhaibheri dzandakaona dzichibatsira panyaya iyi. Ndapota regai ndikuratidzei. (Ibva washandisa zvikamu zvakakodzera zvenyaya yacho zviri pamapeji apfuura.)’

‘Nei musingachengeti Sabata?’

Ungapindura kuti: ‘Zvandichapindura zvinoenderana nokuti munofunga nezvesabata ripi. Maiziva here kuti Bhaibheri rinotaura nezvemasabata anopfuura rimwe chete? . . . Mwari akapa vaJudha mitemo yesabata. Asi maiziva here kuti Bhaibheri rinotaura nezverimwe sabata rakasiyana rinofanira kuchengetwa nevaKristu?’ Ungawedzerawo kuti: (1) ‘Hatichengeti zuva rimwe chete pavhiki seSabata nokuti Bhaibheri rinoti murayiro iwoyo ‘waizoguma.’ (2 VaK. 3:7-11; ona mashoko ane chokuita neizvi pamapeji 326, 327.)’ (2) ‘Asi kune sabata ratinochengeta nguva dzose. (VaH. 4:4-11; ona mapeji 328, 329.)’