Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 41—Marko

Munyori: Marko

Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Roma

Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: Munenge muna 60–65 C.E.

Nguva Yakafukidzwa: 29–33 C.E.

 1. Chii chinozivikanwa pamusoro paMarko nemhuri yake?

APO Jesu akasungwa paGetsemani vaapostora ndokutiza, “rimwe jaya rakamutevera rakapfeka mucheka bedzi pamuviri.” Apo boka rakaedza kuribatawo, “rakasiya mucheka, rikatiza risina nguo.” Iri jaya rinowanzodavirwa kuva Marko. Rinorondedzerwa muna Mabasa sa“Johane, wainzi Marko” uye ringave rakabva mumhuri yakagara zvakanaka muJerusarema, nokuti vakanga vane imba yavo vamene navabatiri. Amai varo, Maria, vakanga variwo muKristu, uye ungano yapakuvamba yaishandisa musha wavo senzvimbo yokusanganira. Panhambo apo akanunurwa nengirozi mutorongo, Petro akaenda kuiyi imba ndokuwana hama dzakaungana imomo.—Marko 14:51, 52; Mabasa 12:12, 13.

 2, 3. (a) Pasina panikiro chii chakasunda Marko kupinda mubasa roufundisi? (b) Isonganiroi yaakava nayo navamwe vafundisi, zvikurukuru naPetro naPauro?

² Mufundisi Bharnabhasi, muRevhi akabva Kupro, akanga ari hama yokunyama yaMarko. (Mabasa 4:36; VaK. 4:10) Apo Bharnabhasi akauya naPauro kuJerusarema pamusoro pokuyamura vaiva nenzara, Marko akasvikawo pakuziva Pauro. Idzi songaniro muungano uye navashumiri vanoshanyira vanoshingaira pasina panikiro zvakaroverera muna Marko chishuvo chokupinda mubasa roufundisi. Naizvozvo tinomuwana somufambidzani nomuperekedzi waPauro naBharnabhasi parwendo rwavo rwokutanga rwoufundisi. Nokuda kwechikonzero chakati, zvisinei, Marko akavasiya muPerga, Pamfiria, uye akadzokera kuJerusarema. (Mabasa 11:29, 30; 12:25; 13:5, 13) Nemhaka yaikoku, Pauro akaramba kuenda naMarko parwendo rwechipiri rwoufundisi, uye ikoku kwakaguma nokuparadzana pakati paPauro naBharnabhasi. Pauro akatora Sirasi, apo Bharnabhasi akatora hama yake yokunyama Marko ndokuenda naye nechikepe kuKupro.—Mabasa 15:36-41.

³ Marko akazvibvumikisa amene muushumiri ndokuva betsero inokosha kwete bedzi kuna Bharnabhasi asi gare garewo kuvaapostora Petro naPauro. Marko akanga ana Pauro (munenge muna 60-61 C.E.) mukati mokupinzwa mutorongo kwake kwokutanga muRoma. (Fir. 1, 24) Ipapo tinowana Marko naPetro vari muBhabhironi pakati pamakore 62 na64 C.E. (1 Pet. 5:13) Pauro musungwa zvakare muRoma zvimwe mugore ra65 C.E., uye mutsamba iye anokumbira Timotio kuuya naMarko kwaari, achiti, “nokuti unondibatsira kwazvo pabasa.” (2 Tim. 1:8; 4:11) Uku ndiko kududzwa kwokupedzisira kwaMarko muchinyorwa cheBhaibheri.

 4-6. (a) Marko akakwanisa sei kuwana udzame hukuru hweEvhangeri yake? (b) Chii chinoratidzira kusanosonganira kwake naPetro? (c) Ipa mienzaniso younhu hwaPetro muEvhangeri.

⁴ Kurongwa kweiyi Evhangeri pfupi zvikurusa kunonzi kwakaitwa naMarko. Akanga ari mushandi biyake wavaapostora vaJesu nouyo akaisa upenyu hwake amene mubasa ramashoko akanaka. Asi Marko akanga asiri mumwe wavaapostora 12, uye akanga asiri mufambidzani wapedyo waJesu. Akawana kupiko udzame hukuru hunoita kuti nhoroondo yake youshumiri hwaJesu ive mhenyu chaizvoizvo kuvambira pamavambo kusvikira kumugumo? Maererano negamuchidzanwa rapakuvamba zvikurusa raPapias, Origen, uye Tertullian, aya manyuko akanga ari Petro, uyo Marko aisonganirana naye zvikuru.a Petro haana kumudana kuti “mwanakomana wangu” here? (1 Pet. 5:13) Petro akanga ari chapupu chakaona chezvinodokuva zvose izvo Marko akanyora, naizvozvo aigona kuve akadzidza kuna Petro mapfundo akawanda anorondedzera ayo anoshayikwa mudzimwe Evhangeri. Somuenzaniso, Marko anotaura nezva“varanda” vaishandira Zebhedhi, ane maperembudzi achikumbira Jesu aka“pfugama,” murume ane dhemoni “achizvicheka namabwe,” uye kupa kwaJesu uporofita hwake pamusoro po‘kuuya kwoMwanakomana womunhu nesimba guru nembiri’ apo akanga agere pagomo reMiorivhi “pakatarisana netembere.”—Marko 1:20, 40; 5:5; 13:3, 26.

⁵ Petro amene akanga ari munhu anosiririswa uye naizvozvo aigona kunzwisisa ndokurondedzera kuna Marko kunzwa nemirangariro zvaJesu. Naizvozvo kunodaro kuti ndiMarko anonyora kazhinji kazhinji kuti Jesu akanzwa uye akaita sei; somuenzaniso, kuti aka“ringa-ringa achivatarira nokutsamwa, ane shungu,” kuti aka“gomera,” uye kuti aka“gomera zvikuru pamweya wake.” (3:5; 7:34; 8:12) NdiMarko anotiudza nezvemirangariro yaJesu kumutongi muduku akapfuma, achitaura kuti “akamuda.” (10:21) Uye ushamwari hwakadini hwatinowana munhoroondo yokuti Jesu haana bedzi kumisa mwana muduku pakati pavadzidzi vake asiwo “akamufungatira,” uye kuti pane imwe nhambo “akavafungatira [vana, NW] mumaoko” ake!—9:36; 10:13-16.

⁶ Mamwe amavara aPetro anooneka mumunyorero waMarko, uyo uri unosunda, mupenyu, une simba, unonyandura, uye unorondedzera. Kunoratidzika kuti haatongogoni kurondedzera zviitiko nokukurumidza zvakakwana. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti “pakarepo” rinowanika rawanikazve, richipfuuridzira nhau yacho mumutoo unoshamisa.

 7. Chii chinosiyanisa Evhangeri yaMarko neiyo yaMateo?

⁷ Kunyange zvazvo Marko akanga achikwanisa kuwana Evhangeri yaMateo uye chinyorwa chake chine zvikamu 7 bedzi muzana zvisiri mudzimwe Evhangeri, kwaizova chikanganiso kudavira kuti Marko akangopfupikisa zvake Evhangeri yaMateo ndokuwedzera udzame chaihwo hushomanene. Nepo Mateo akanga aratidzira Jesu saMesiya akapikirwa naMambo, Marko zvino anorangarira upenyu hwake namabasa nomumwe murangariro. Anoratidzira Jesu soMwanakomana anoita zvishamiso waMwari, Muponesi anokurira. Marko anosimbisa mibato yaKristu panzvimbo pemharidzo dzake nedzidziso. Chikamu chiduku bedzi chemifananidzo neimwe yehurukuro refu zvikuru dzaJesu zvinoshumwa, uye Mharidzo Yapagomo inosiyiwa. Evhangeri yaMarko ipfupi zvikuru nokuda kweichi chikonzero, kunyange zvazvo ine zviitiko zvakawanda zvakafanana nedzimwe. Zvishamiso zvinenge 19 zvinonongedzerwa kwazviri zvakananga.

 8. Zvinhui zvinoratidzira kuti Evhangeri yaMarko sezviri pachena yakanyorerwa vaRoma?

⁸ Nepo Mateo akanyora Evhangeri yake nokuda kwavaJudha, Marko sezviri pachena akanyora zvikurukuru nokuda kwavaRoma. Tinoziva sei ikoku? Mutemo waMosesi unodudzwa bedzi pakushuma kurukurirano yainongedzera kwauri, uye mutsara wedzinza waJesu unosiyiwa. Evhangeri yaKristu inoratidzirwa seyoukoshi muchisiko chose. Anoita tsinhiro dzokutsanangura pamusoro petsika dzechiJudha nedzidziso idzo varavi vasiri vechiJudha vangava vasina kurovedzana nadzo. (2:18; 7:3, 4; 14:12; 15:42) Kutaura kwechiAramaiki kunoshandurwa. (3:17; 5:41; 7:11, 34; 14:36; 15:22, 34) Anorondedzera mazita ejogirafi ePalestine nemiti netsananguro. (1:5, 13; 11:13; 13:3) Ukoshi hwemari yechiJudha hunopiwa mumari yeRoma. (12:42, NW, mashoko omuzasi) Anoshandisa mashoko mazhinji echiLatin kupfuura vamwe vanyori veEvhangeri, mienzaniso yacho ichiva speculator (murwi), praetorium (imba yomubati), uye centurio (mukuru wezana).—6:27; 15:16, 39.

 9. Bhuku raMarko rakanyorerwa kupi uye rini, uye chii chinosimbisa uchokwadi hwaro?

⁹ Sezvo Marko sezviri pachena akanyora zvikurukuru nokuda kwavaRoma, iye sezvingabvira zvikurusa akanyorera muRoma. Zvose zviri zviviri gamuchidzanwa rapakuvamba zvikurusa nezviri mubhuku racho zvinobvumira mhedziso yokuti rakarongwa muRoma mukati mokuiswa mutorongo kwokutanga kana kuti zvimwe kwechipiri kwomuapostora Pauro, uye nokudaro mukati mamakore 60-65 C.E. Mumakore iwayo Marko akanga ari muRoma kanenge kamwe, uye sezvingabvira kaviri. Zviremera zvikuru zvose zvezana ramakore rechipiri nerechitatu zvinosimbisa kuti Marko akanga ari munyori. Evhangeri yacho yakanga yava kutotenderera pakati pavaKristu pakazosvika pakati pezana ramakore rechipiri. Kuoneka kwayo mumanyoro ose apakuvamba aMagwaro echiKristu echiGiriki kunosimbisa uchokwadi hweEvhangeri yaMarko.

10. Mhedziso refu nepfupi dzaMarko dzinofanira kurangarirwa sei, uye neiko?

¹⁰ Zvisinei, mhedziso refu nepfupi idzo pane dzimwe nguva dzinowedzerwa pashure peganhuro 16, ndima 8, hadzifaniri kurangarirwa sedzechokwadi. Hadzimo muakawanda zvikurusa amanyoro ekare, akadai seSinaitic neVatican Nha. 1209. Nyanzvi dzezana ramakore rechina Eusebius naJerome dzinobvumirana kuti chinyorwa chechokwadi zvimwe chinopfiga namashoko okuti “vakanga vachitya.” Dzimwe mhedziso zvimwe dzakawedzerwa nomurangariro wokunatsa kukurumidza kuguma uko Evhangeri yacho inoguma nako.

11. (a) Chii chinobvumikisa Evhangeri yaMarko kuva yakarurama, uye chiremerai chinosimbiswa? (b) Neiko aya ari “mashoko akanaka” (NW), uye Evhangeri yaMarko inofukidza nhamboi?

¹¹ Kuti nhoroondo yaMarko yakarurama kunooneka mutsinhirano yakazara yeEvhangeri yake kwete bedzi nedzimwe Evhangeri asiwo naMagwaro Matsvene ose kuvambira kuna Genesi kusvikira kuna Zvakazarurwa. Uyezve, Jesu anoratidzwa aratidzwazve souyo ane chiremera kwete bedzi mushoko rake rinotaurwa asi pamasimba echisiko, pana Satani namadhemoni, pachirwere nehosha, hungu, parufu rumene. Naizvozvo Marko anotanga nhoroondo yake nesumo inoorora: “Kutanga kweEvhangeri yaJesu Kristu.” Kuuya kwake noushumiri zvakareva “mashoko akanaka” (NW), uye nokudaro kufunda Evhangeri yaMarko kunofanira kuva kunobetsera kuvaravi vose. Zvakaitika zvinorondedzerwa naMarko zvinofukidza nhambo inovambira muchirimo cha29 C.E. kusvikira kuchirimo cha33 C.E.

ZVIRI MUBHUKU RAMARKO

12. Chii chakazadzwa mundima 13 dzokutanga dzaMarko?

¹² Rubhapatidzo nokuedzwa kwaJesu (1:1-13). Marko anovamba mashoko akanaka kupfurikidza nokuzivisa Johane Mubhapatidzi. Iye inhume yakafanotaurwa, yakatumwa kundozivisa, kuti: “Gadzirai nzira yaShe, ruramisai migwagwa yake.” NezvoUyo achauya nokukurumidza, mubhapatidzi anoti, ‘Une simba kupfuureni.’ Hungu, achabhapatidza, kwete nemvura, asi nomudzimu mutsvene. Jesu zvino anobva kuNazareta reGarirea, uye Johane anomubhapatidza. Mudzimu unoburukira pana Jesu wakafanana nenjiva, uye inzwi rinonzwika richibva mumatenga, richiti: “Ndiwe Mwanakomana wangu unodikanwa, ndinokufarira.” (1:3, 7, 11) Jesu anoedzwa naSatani murenje, uye ngirozi dzinomushumira. Zviitiko zvose izvozvi zvinoshamisa zvakazadzwa mundima 13 dzokutanga dzaMarko.

13. Jesu anoratidzira pakuvamba chiremera chake so“Mutsvene waMwari” munzirai?

¹³ Jesu anovamba ushumiri muGarirea (1:14–6:6). Pashure pokunge Johane asungwa, Jesu anoenda achiparidza mashoko akanaka aMwari muGarirea. Ishoko rinokatyamadza zvakadini raanaro! “[Umambo, NW] hwaMwari hwaswedera pedyo; tendeukai, mutende Evhangeri.” (1:15) Anodana Simoni naAndrea naJakobho naJohane kuti vasiye rutava hwavo kuti vave vadzidzi vake. PaSabata anovamba kudzidzisa musinagoge paKapernaume. Vanhu vanoshamiswa, nokuti anodzidzisa “somunhu une simba, asingaiti savanyori.” Anoratidzira chiremera chake so“Mutsvene waMwari” kupfurikidza nokubudisa mudzimu usina kuchena mumunhu akanga ane dhemoni uye kupfurikidza nokuporesa ambuya vaSimoni, avo vakanga vachirwara nefivhiri. Mashoko acho anopararira somwoto, uye panozosvika usiku “guta rose” raungana kunze kweimba yaSimoni. Jesu anorapa vakawanda vanorwara uye anodzinga madhemoni akawanda.—1:22, 24, 33.

14. Jesu anopa sei chibvumikiso chechiremera chake chokukanganwira zvivi?

¹⁴ Jesu anozivisa basa rake, kuti: “Kuti ndindoparidza.” (1:38) Anoparidza muGarirea yose. Kupi kana kupi kwaanoenda, anodzinga madhemoni uye anoporesa vanorwara, kubatanidza ane maperembudzi neakafa mitezo uyo anoti kwaari: “Wakanganwirwa zvivi zvako.” Vamwe vavanyori vanorangarira mumwoyo yavo kuti, ‘Uku kutuka Mwari. Ndiani anogona kukanganwira zvivi kunze kwaMwari?’ Achiziva mifungo yavo, Jesu anobvumikisa kuti “Mwanakomana womunhu une simba panyika rokukanganwira zvivi,” kupfurikidza nokuudza akafa mitezo kusimuka ndokuenda kumusha. Vanhu vanorumbidza Mwari. Apo muteresi Revhi (Mateo) anova muteveri wake, Jesu anoudza vanyori, kuti: “Handina kuuya kuzodana vakarurama, asi vatadzi.” Anozviratidza amene kuva “Ishe wesabatawo.”—2:5, 7, 10, 17, 28.

15. Jesu anozivisei pamusoro paavo vanoramba zvishamiso zvake, uye chii chaanotaura pamusoro pezvisungo zvemhuri?

¹⁵ Jesu zvino anoumba boka ravaapostora 12. Hama dzake dzokunyama dzinoratidzira chishoro chakati, uye ipapo vamwe vanyori vakabva Jerusarema vanomupomera mhaka yokudzinga madhemoni kupfurikidza nomutongi wamadhemoni. Jesu anovabvunza kuti, “Satani ungabudisa Satani seiko?” uye anovanyevera, kuti: “Ani naani wamhura Mweya Mutsvene, haakanganwirwi noku[si]ngaperi, asi une mhosva yechivi chisingaperi.” Mukati mekurukurirano yacho, amai vake navanun’una vanouya vachimutsvaka, uye Jesu anosundwa kuzivisa, kuti: “Ani naani unoita kuda kwaMwari, ndiye munun’una wangu, nehanzvadzi, namai.”—3:23, 29, 35.

16. Kupfurikidza nemienzaniso, Jesu anodzidzisei pamusoro po“[umambo, NW] hwaMwari”?

¹⁶ Jesu anotanga kudzidzisa “zvakavanzika [zvoumambo, NW] hwaMwari” kupfurikidza nemienzaniso. Anotaura nezvomunhu anodyara mbeu inowira pamarudzi akasiyana-siyana evhu (kuratidzira marudzi akasiyana-siyana avanzwi veshoko) uye nezvemwenje unopenya uri pachigadziko chemwenje. Mune mumwe muenzaniso, Jesu anotaura kuti Umambo hwaMwari huri saapo munhu anodyara mbeu muvhu: “Ivhu rinongobereka haro, pakutanga chipande, pashure hura, pashure zviyo zvakakora pahura.” (4:11, 28) Anopawo muenzaniso wetsanga yemasitadhi, iyo, kunyange zvayo iri dukusa yembeu dzose, inokura zvikuru namatavi makuru nokuda kwomumvuri.

17. Zvishamiso zvaJesu zvinoratidzira sei ukuru hwechiremera chake?

¹⁷ Sezvavanoyambuka Gungwa reGarirea, Jesu nenzira inoshamisa anoteramisa dutu guru, uye gungwa rine mhepo rinoterama pakurayira kwake: “Nyarara, ugadzikane!” (4:39) Mhiri munyika yevaGerasa, Jesu anodzinga “Regioni” remadhemoni pamumwe murume ndokuabvumidza kupinda muboka renguruve dzinenge 2 000, irowo rinomhanyira kumawere uye rinonyura mugungwa. (5:8-13) Pashure paikoku, Jesu anoyambukirazve mhiri kwemhenderekedzo yegungwa. Mumwe mukadzi anorapwa kubuda ropa, kwave kusingarapiki kwamakore 12, kupfurikidza nokungobata chete nguo yokunze yaJesu, sezvaari kuenda kundomutsira mwanasikana waJairosi ane makore 12 okukura kuupenyuzve. Zvirokwazvo, Mwanakomana womunhu ane chiremera pazvose zviri zviviri upenyu norufu! Zvisinei, vanhu vomunyika yokumusha yaJesu vanoramba chiremera chake. Anoshamiswa nokusava nokutenda kwavo asi anopfuurira ku“pota nemisha, achidzidzisa.”—6:6.

18. (a) Ushumiri hwaJesu hunokudzwa sei? (b) Chii chinosunda Jesu kudzidzisa nokuita zvishamiso?

¹⁸ Ushumiri hweGarirea hunokudzwa (6:7–9:50). Vane 12 vanotumwa vaviri vaviri nemirayiridzo nechiremera chokuparidza nokudzidzisa, kurapa vanhu, uye kudzinga madhemoni. Zita raJesu riri kuva rinosanozivikanwa, vamwe vachifunga kuti ndiJohane Mubhapatidzi akamutswa muvakafa. Iyi bviro inonetsa Herodhe, ane mutambo wezuva rokuzvarwa Johane akagurwa musoro mukati mawo. Vaapostora vanodzoka vachibva parwendo rwavo rwokuparidza ndokushuma mubato wavo kuna Jesu. Boka guru ravanhu rinotevera Jesu kupota Garirea, uye ano‘vanzwira urombo, nemhaka yokuti vakafanana namakwai asina mufudzi.’ Naizvozvo anotanga kuvadzidzisa zvinhu zvakawanda. (6:34) Anogoverawo nenzira yorudo zvokudya zvokunyama, achidyisa varume vane 5 000 nezvingwa zvishanu nehove mbiri. Nokukurumidza pashure pacho, apo vadzidzi vari muchikepe chavo vari muchinetso kurwisana nedutu sezvavanoenda Bhetsaidha, anouya achifamba kwavari pagungwa ndokunyaradza mhepo. Hakushamisi kuti kunyange vadzidzi vake vano“shamiswa kwazvo kwazvo”!—6:51.

19, 20. (a) Jesu anopa sei tsiuro kuvanyori navaFarise? (b) Mamirirei ezvinhu anotungamirira kukutsiurwawo kwaPetro?

¹⁹ Muruwa rweGenesareti, Jesu anopinda mukurukurirano navanyori navaFarise vaibva Jerusarema pamusoro pokudya namaoko asina kugezwa, uye anovatuka nokuda kwo‘kufuratira murayiro waMwari nokubatisisa gamuchidzanwa ravanhu.’ Anotaura kuti zvinosvibisa munhu hazvisati zviri zvinopinda zvichibva kunze, asi ndezvinobva mukati, mumwoyo, ndiko kuti, “mifungo yakaipa.” (7:8, 21) Achienda kuchamhembe ndokupinda munharaunda yeTire neSidhoni, anoitira mumwe waMarudzi chishamiso, achidzinga dhemoni mumwanasikana womukadzi wechiSirofenike.

²⁰ Adzokera muGarirea, Jesu anonzwirazve urombo boka riri kumutevera uye anodyisa vanhu vane 4 000 zvingwa zvinomwe nehove duku shomanene. Anonyevera vadzidzi vake nezvembiriso yavaFarise nembiriso yaHerodhe, asi panguva yacho vanokundikana kuwana pfundo racho. Ipapo, chimwe chishamiso—kuporeswa kwebofu paBhetsaidha. Mukurukurirano achienda kumisha iri Kesaria Firipo, Petro nenzira yokupwiswa anozivisa Jesu sa“Kristu” asi ipapo anoramba zvakasimba apo Jesu anotaura nezvokutambura kunouya norufu zvoMwanakomana womunhu. Nokuda kwaikoku, Jesu anomutsiura, kuti: “Ibva shure kwangu, Satani, nokuti haurangariri zvinhu zvaMwari, asi zvinhu zvavanhu.” (8:29, 33) Jesu anokurudzira vadzidzi vake kumutevera nguva dzose nokuda kwamashoko akanaka; kana vakanyara pamusoro pake, achanyara pamusoro pavo apo anosvika ari mumbiri yaBaba vake.

21. (a) Ndivanaani vanoona “[umambo, NW] hwaMwari huchiuya nesimba,” uye sei? (b) Jesu anosimbisa sei kuisa Umambo pakutanga?

²¹ Mazuva matanhatu gare gare, apo vakanga vari pamusoro pegomo refu, Petro, Jakobho, uye Johane vanoropafadzwa kuona “[umambo, NW] hwaMwari huchiuya nesimba” sezvavanoona Jesu achishandurwa chitarisiko mumbiri. (9:1) Jesu anoratidzirazve chiremera chake kupfurikidza nokudzinga mudzimu usingatauri mumumwe mukomana, uye kechipiri anotaura nezvokutambura kwake kunouya norufu. Anopa zano vadzidzi vake kusabvumira chinhu chipi nechipi kuvadzivisa kupinda muupenyu. Ruoko rwako runokugumbusa here? Rugure! Tsoka yako? Igure! Ziso rako? Rirase! Kuri nani zvikuru kupinda muUmambo hwaMwari wakaremara pane kukandirwa uine zvose muGehena.

22. Izanoi rinosimbisa ushumiri hwaJesu muPerea?

²² Ushumiri muPerea (10:1-52). Jesu anosvika pamiganhu yeJudhea ne“mhiri kwaJoridhani” (ndokupinda muPerea). VaFarise zvino vanomubvunza pamusoro pechatanuro, uye anoshandisa mukana wacho kutaura nheyo dzoumwari dzeroorano. Rimwe jaya rakapfuma rinomubvunza pamusoro pokugara nhaka upenyu husingaperi asi rinorwadziwa pakunzwa kuti kuti rive nepfuma mudenga, rinofanira kutengesa pfuma yaro ndokuva muteveri waJesu. Jesu anoudza vadzidzi vake, kuti: “Kamera ingarerukirwa kupinda paburi redumho, kumufumi kupinda mu[umambo, NW] hwaMwari.” Anokurudzira avo vakarega zvose nokuda kwamashoko akanaka, achivavimbisa “zvine zana nenguva ino . . . pamwe chete nokuvengwa, noupenyu husingaperi nenguva inouya.”—10:1, 25, 30.

23. Ikurukuriranoi nechishamiso zvinoitika munzira kuenda kuJerusarema?

²³ Jesu navane 12 zvino vanotanga kuenda kuJerusarema. Jesu anovaudza kechitatu pamusoro pokutambura kuri mberi kwake uyewo nezvorumuko rwake. Anovabvunza kana vachikwanisa kunwa mukombe mumwe chetewo waari kunwa, uye anovaudza, kuti: “Ani naani unoda kuva wokutanga pakati penyu, ngaave muranda wavose.” Vachibuda muJeriko, mupemhi ari bofu anodanidzira ari parutivi penzira, kuti: “Mwanakomana waDhavhidhi, ndinzwirei ngoni!” Jesu anoita kuti bofu racho rione—kurapa kwake kwokupedzisira kunoshamisa sokwakanyorwa naMarko.—10:44, 47, 48.

24, 25. (a) Jesu anopupurira chiremera chake kupfurikidza nezviitoi? (b) Anopindura vashori vake nezvibvumikisoi? (c) Jesu anopa boka nyeveroi, uye anorumbidzei kuvadzidzi vake?

²⁴ Jesu ari mukati nemakapoteredza Jerusarema (11:1–15:47). Nhoroondo yacho inofamba nokukurumidza! Jesu anotasva mhuru yembongoro ndokupinda muguta, uye vanhu vanomuzivisa saMambo. Zuva rinotevera anochenesa tembere. Vaprista vakuru navanyori vanomutya ndokutsvaka kumuuraya. “Munoita zvinhu izvozvi nesimba ripiko?” vanobvunza kudaro. (11:28) Jesu nenzira younyanzvi anodzorera mubvunzo wacho kwavari uye anotaura muenzaniso wavarimi vakauraya mudyi wenhaka wemunda wemizambiringa. Vanoona pfundo racho ndokumusiya.

²⁵ Tevere vanotumira vamwe vavaFarise kundomubata pamubvunzo womutero. Achikumbira dhenari, anobvunza, kuti: “Mufananidzo uyu norunyoro urwu ndezvani?” Vanopindura, kuti: “ZvaKesari.” Jesu ipapo anoti: “Ipai Kesari zvaKesari, naMwari zvaMwari.” Hakushamisi kuti vanoshamiswa naye! (12:16, 17) Zvino vaSadhuse, avo vasingadaviri rumuko, vanoedza kumubata nomubvunzo wokuti: ‘Kana mukadzi akanga ane varume vanomwe mukutevedzana, iye achava mudzimai waani murumuko?’ Jesu anokurumidza kupindura kuti avo vanomuka muvakafa vachava “savatumwa kudenga,” nokuti havasati vachizoroora. (12:19-23, 25) “Murayiro wokutanga payose ndoupiko?” anobvunza kudaro mumwe wavanyori. Jesu anopindura, kuti: “Wokutanga ndiwoyu: Inzwai vaIsraeri, Ishe Mwari wedu, ndiye Ishe mumwe chete! Ida Ishe Mwari wako, nomwoyo wako wose, nomweya wako wose, nokufunga kwako kwose, nesimba rako rose. Wechipiri ndiwoyu: Ida wokwako sezvaunozvida iwe.” (12:28-31) Pashure paikoku, hakuna munhu anoshinga kumubvunza. Chiremera chaJesu somudzidzisi akakwana chinotsigirwa. Boka guru rinoteerera nomufaro, uye Jesu anovanyevera pamusoro pavanyori vanozvikudza. Ipapo anorumbidza kuvadzidzi vake chirikadzi murombo iyo yakaisa zvakawanda mubhokisi remari retembere kupfuura vamwe vose, nokuti twumari twayo twuviri twakanga twuri “zvose zvaakanga anazvo, zvose zvaaifanira kurarama nazvo.”—12:44.

26. Ndeipi iri hurukuro refu bedzi yakanyorwa naMarko, uye inoguma nezanoi?

²⁶ Agere paGomo reMiorivhi achiona tembere, Jesu anoudza vana vavadzidzi vake vari voga nezve“chiratidzo” chemhedziso yezvinhu izvi. (Iyi ndiyo bedzi hurukuro refu yakanyorwa naMarko, uye inowirirana neiyo yaMateo maganhuro 24 ne, 25.) Inoguma nezano raJesu, rinoti: “Asi kana riri zuva iro nenguva iyo, hakuna unozviziva, kunyange vatumwa vokudenga, kunyange Mwanakomana, asi Baba. Zvandinokuudzai imi, ndinoudza vose, ndichiti: Rindai!”—13:4, 32, 37.

27. Rondedzera zviitiko zvinotungamirira kukutengeswa kwaJesu muGetsemani.

²⁷ PaBhetania iri pedyo mumwe mukadzi anozodza Jesu namafuta anonhuwira anodhura. Vamwe vanoramba ikoku sokupambadza, asi Jesu anotaura kuti chiito chakaisvonaka, kugadzirirwa kwokuvigwa kwake. Panguva yakagadzwa, Jesu nevane 12 vanoungana muguta nokuda kwePaseka. Iye anozivisa mutengesi wake ndokutanga chirayiro chechirangaridzo navadzidzi vake vakatendeka, uye vanoenda kuGomo reMiorivhi. Vari munzira Jesu anovaudza kuti vachagumburwa vose. “Ini kwete,” anokuwa kudaro Petro. Asi Jesu anoti kwaari: “Usiku huno, jongwe risati rarira kaviri, uchandiramba katatu.” Pakusvika nzvimbo inonzi Getsemani, Jesu anoenda kundonyengetera, achikumbira vadzidzi vake kuti varambe vakarinda. Munyengetero wake unogumiswa namashoko, anoti: “Aba, Baba, zvose zvinobvira kwamuri, bvisai mukombe uyu kwandiri, asi kuda kwangu ngakurege kuitwa, asi kuda kwenyu.” Jesu anodzoka kuvadzidzi vake katatu, uye anovawana vakarara katatu, kunyange “panguva yakadai seino” (NW)! (14:29, 30, 36, 41) Asi nguva yasvika! Tarira!—mutengesi!

28. Ndeapi ari mamirire ezvinhu okusungwa kwaJesu nokuoneka pamberi pomuprista mukuru?

²⁸ Judhasi anoswedera pedyo uye anotsvoda Jesu. Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chokuti varume vakashongedzerwa nezvombo vavaprista vakuru vamusunge. Vanomuunza kudare romuprista mukuru, uko vakawanda vanopa uchapupu hwenhema mukurwisana naye, asi zvipupuriro zvavo hazvibvumirani. Jesu amene anoramba akanyarara. Pakupedzisira, muprista mukuru anomubvunza, kuti: “Ndiwe Kristu, Mwanakomana wounokudzwa here?” Jesu anopindura, kuti: “Ndini.” Muprista mukuru anodanidzira kuti, ‘Kumhura Mwari!’ uye vose vanomushurikidza kuva anofanira kufa. (14:61-64) Muruvazhe pasi, Petro aramba Jesu katatu. Jongwe rinorira kechipiri, uye Petro, achiyeuka mashoko aJesu, anopera simba uye anochema.

29. Marko anoita chinyorwai chokutongwa kwokupedzisira kwaJesu nokuurawa, uye Umambo hunoratidzwa sei kuva hunobatanidzwa?

²⁹ Pakarepo mumambakwedza Sanihedrini inorangana ndokutumira Jesu akasungwa kuna Pirato. Anokurumidza kuziva kuti Jesu haasi tsotsi uye anoedza kumusunungura. Zvisinei, pakuomerera kwenyongori dzakanyandurwa navaprista vakuru, pakupedzisira anokumikidza Jesu kuti arovererwe. Jesu anounzwa kuGorgota (kureva kuti, “Nzvimbo Yedehenya”) uye anorovererwa, nepomero mukurwisana naye yakanyorwa pamusoro, inoti: “Mambo wavaJudha.” Vapfuuri vanomuzvidza: “Wakaponesa vamwe, zvino haagoni kuzviponesa.” Pamasikati (nguva yechitanhatu) rima rinofukidza nyika yose kutozosvikira 3 kiroko. Ipapo Jesu anodanidzira nenzwi guru, “Mwari wangu, Mwari wangu, mandisiyireiko?” uye anofa. Pakuona zvinhu izvozvi, mumwe mukuru mukuru wehondo anotsinhira, kuti: “Zvirokwazvo, munhu uyu wakanga ari Mwanakomana waMwari.” Josefa weArimatea, mumwe weSanihedrini asi aidavira Umambo hwaMwari, anokumbira Pirato muviri waJesu ndokuuvanzarika muhwiro hwakacherwa paibwe.—15:22, 26, 31, 34, 39.

30. Pazuva rokutanga revhiki, chii chinoitika pahwiro?

³⁰ Zviitiko pashure porufu rwaJesu (16:1-8). Mangwanani-ngwanani pazuva rokutanga revhiki, vakadzi vatatu vanoenda kuhwiro. Kushamisiko yavo vanowana kuti ibwe guru rapamukova rakungurutswa. “Jaya” rakagara mukati rinovaudza kuti Jesu amutswa. (16:5) Haachisirimo asi ari kuvatungamirira kupinda muGarirea. Vanotiza vachibva pahwiro, vachidedera uye vachitya.

CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA

31. (a) Marko anopupurira sei kuva kwaJesu Mesiya? (b) Chii chinobvumikisa chiremera chaJesu soMwanakomana waMwari, uye chii chaakasimbisa?

³¹ Kupfurikidza neiyi rondedzero yakanyorwa yakajeka yaJesu Kristu, varavi vose vaMarko, kubvira panguva dzechiKristu dzapakuvamba kutozosvikira zvino, vave vachikwanisa kuziva kuzadzikwa kwouporofita hwakawanda hwaMagwaro echiHebheru ane chokuita naMesiya. Kubvira pakunokorwa kwamashoko kwokutanga, “Tarira, ndinotuma munyai wangu pamberi pako,” kusvikira kumashoko aJesu okurwadziwa padanda, “Mwari wangu, Mwari wangu, mandisiyireiko?” nhoroondo yose youshumiri hwake hwokushingaira, seyakanyorwa naMarko, inowirirana neizvo Magwaro echiHebheru akafanotaura. (Marko 1:2; 15:34; Mar. 3:1; Pis. 22:1) Uyezve, zvishamiso zvake namabasa anoshamisa, kudzidzisa kwake kwakanaka, kuramba kwake kusina chikanganiso, kutsamira kwake chose chose paShoko raJehovha nomudzimu, uye kufudza kwake kunyoro makwai—zvinhu zvose izvozvi zvinomuratidzira soUyo akauya nechiremera soMwanakomana waMwari. Iye akadzidzisa “somunhu une [chiremera, NW],” chiremera chakagamuchirwa chichibva kuna Jehovha, uye akasimbisa “kuparidza Evhangeri yaMwari,” ndiko kuti, “[umambo, NW] hwaMwari hwaswedera pedyo,” sebasa rake guru pasi pano. Kudzidzisa kwake kwakabvumikisa kuva kwebetsero inokosha kuna vose vakakuteerera.—Marko 1:22, 14, 15.

32. Marko anoshandisa kutaura kwokuti “[umambo, NW] hwaMwari” kangani, uye ndedzipi dziri dzimwe dzenheyo dzinotungamirira dzaanoratidza dzokuwana upenyu kupfurikidza noUmambo?

³² Jesu akati kuvadzidzi vake: “Imi makapiwa zvakavanzika zvo[umambo, NW] hwaMwari.” Marko anoshandisa uku kutaura kwokuti “[umambo, NW] hwaMwari” ka14 uye anoratidza nheyo dzinotungamirira dzakawanda nokuda kwaavo vangawana upenyu kupfurikidza noUmambo. Jesu akati: “Ani naani unorashikirwa noupenyu hwake nokuda kwangu nokweEvhangeri, uchahuponesa.” Mhinganidzo iri yose kukuwana upenyu inofanira kubviswa: “Zviri nani kwauri kuti upinde mu[umambo hwaMwari, NW] une ziso rimwe, pakukandirwa muGehena, une meso maviri.” Jesu akazivisazve, kuti: “Ani naani usingagamuchiri [umambo, NW] hwaMwari somwana muduku, haangatongopindi mahuri,” uye, “Vane fuma vacharemerwa sei kupinda pa[umambo, NW] hwaMwari!” Iye akataura kuti uyo anonzwisisa kuti kuchengeta mirayiro mikuru miviri kwakafanira zvikuru kwazvo kupfuura zvipiriso zvinopiswa zvose nezvibayiro “ha[a]zi kure no[umambo, NW] hwaMwari.” Idzi nedzimwe dzidziso dzoUmambo dzeEvhangeri yaMarko dzine zano rakawanda rakanaka ratinogona kushandisa muupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.—4:11; 8:35; 9:43-48; 10:13-15, 23-25; 12:28-34.

33. (a) Tingawana sei betsero muEvhangeri yaMarko? (b) Bhuku raMarko rinofanira kutikurudzira kunzirai, uye neiko?

³³ Mashoko akanaka “[a]kanyorwa naMarko” zvichida anogona kuraviwa ose chose chose muawa imwe kana kuti mbiri, achipa muravi kuhwirudzurwa kunofadza, kwokukurumidza, kunonyandura kwoushumiri hwaJesu. Kuraviwa kwakananga kwakadaro kweiyi nhoroondo yakafuridzirwa, pamwe chete nokusanofunda nokufungisisa pamusoro payo, kuchabvumikisa nguva dzose kuva kunobetsera. Evhangeri yaMarko ndeyebetsero kuvaKristu vanotambudzwa nhasi munzira imwe cheteyo somuzana rokutanga ramakore, nokuti vaKristu vechokwadi zvino vanotarisana ne“nguva dzokutambudzika” uye vanoda nhungamiro yakafuridzirwa yakadaro seinowanwa muichi chinyorwa pamusoro poMuenzaniso wedu, Jesu Kristu. Irave, fadzwa nezviitiko zvayo zvinoshamisa, uye wana kurudziro yokutevera tsoka dzoMumiriri Mukuru noMukwanisi wokutenda kwedu, Jesu, nomufaro mumwe chetewo usingakundwi waakaratidza. (2 Tim. 3:1; VaH. 12:2) Hungu, muone somurume wechiito, zadzwa neshingairo yake, uye tevedzera perero yake yokusabvumirana pane zvisina kufanira noushingi pakati pomuedzo nechishoro. Wana nyaradzo muichi chikamu chakapfuma chaMagwaro akafuridzirwa. Ngachikubetsere mukuronda kwako upenyu husingaperi!

[Mashoko Omuzasi]