Mushumo unofadza unobva kuSoviet Union
Mugumo Unofadza Kumakore Ane Zana Rimwe Okupupurira
“KUNYORESA Charter of the Administrative Center yamasangano orudzidziso e‘Zvapupu zvaJehovha muU.S.S.R.’”
Uku kushandurwa kwamashoko okutanga orugwaro rwomutauro weRussia anobudiswazve papeji rino. Zvirokwazvo, mashoko iwaya anomirira mhinduro kuminyengetero yakawanda. Rugwaro rwacho rwakasainwa ndokudhindwa muMoscow nomukuru mukuru akakwirira weMinistry of Justice weR.S.F.S.R. (Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic). Kunoreva kuti Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvava sangano rorudzidziso rinozivikanwa muU.S.S.R. Nokudaro, nguva yechinjo yasvikwa munhau yazvo yamakore ane zana rimwe munyika huru iyoyo.
Mavambo Maduku Zvikuru
Makore ane zana rimwe enhau? Hungu. Munguva dzazvino uno, muparidzi akazivikanwa pakuvamba zvikurusa wamashoko akanaka munyika iyoyo akanga ari Charles Taze Russell, uyo akashuma shanyo ikoko muna 1891. Muchinyorwa chaSeptember 1891 cheZion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence, iye anorondedzera kuti akaenda kuKishinev, Russia, mukati merwendo rwokuEurope. Ikoko akasangana naJoseph Rabinowitch akati, uyo aidavira muna Kristu uye akanga ari kuedza kuparidzira kumhuri dzechiJudha munharaunda yacho. Russell anoshuma muudzame kushanyira kwake Rabinowitch nekurukurirano dzavo dzakadzama, dzinofadza pamusoro poUmambo.
Mashoko Akanaka Anonzwikazve
Pashure peshanyo yaRussell, zvishomanene zvinonzwika nezvokupupurira muiyo zvino yava U.S.S.R., asi ikoko hakurevi kuti hapana chinhu chakaitwa. Muna 1927 ungano nhatu dzaiva muSoviet Union dzakatumira mishumo yemisangano yadzo yeChirangaridzo kuSosaiti. Asi fambiro mberi hairatidziki kuva yaikurumidza kutozosvikira kuhondo yenyika yechipiri. Hondo iyoyo yakaguma nokutama kunoshamisa kwavanhu vakawanda muEurope. Mumwe muuyo wakanga usina kudeya kuonwa wokutama ikoku wakanga uri kupinda kukuru kwavaparidzi voUmambo muSoviet Union.
Somuenzaniso, chinyorwa chaFebruary 1, 1946, cheNharireyomurindi muchiNgezi chinoshuma, kuti: “Vaparidzi vanopfuura chiuru vaichimboparidzira mumutauro weUkraine murutivi rwokumabvazuva rwePoland zvino vakatamisirwa mukati-kati meRussia. . . . Ipapowo, mazana ehama dzaigara muBessarabia, rwaichimbova rutivi rweRumania, zvino dzava vagari vemo veRussia uye dziri kupfuurira nebasa radzo rokuita vadzidzi marudzi ose.”
Uyezve, mukati mehondo yenyika yechipiri, vagari vemo vakawanda veSoviet vakatambura mumisasa yechibharo yeNazi. Nokuda kwavamwe chinoitika chakaoma ichochi chakatungamirira kuzvikomborero zvisingakarirwi. Mumwe mushumo unotaura nezvechiverengero chakati chavakadzi vaduku veRussia vakaiswa mutorongo muRavensbrück. Ikoko vakasangana neZvapupu zvaJehovha, vakagamuchira zvokwadi, uye vakaita fambiro mberi kusvikira kupfundo rorubhapatidzo. Zvinhu zvakafanana zvakaitika mumimwe misasa. Apo Zvapupu zvichangobva kubhapatidzwa izvozvi zvakasunungurwa pashure pehondo, zvakadzokera namashoko akanaka oUmambo kuSoviet Union. Nenzira iyoyi hondo yenyika yechipiri yakaguma newedzero inokurumidza muchiverengero chavaparidzi voUmambo mundima yeSoviet. Muna 1946 kwaifungidzirwa kuti vaparidzi 1 600 vakanga vachishingaira ikoko.
Kuparidzira Mutorongo
Matorongo akapfuurira kuita rutivi rukuru mukuparadzirwa kwamashoko akanaka muSoviet Union. Pashure pehondo, zviremera zvakarangarira nokukanganisa Zvapupu setyisidziro, uye zvakawanda zvakaiswa mutorongo. Asi ikoku hakuna kumisa kuparidzira kwazvo. Kwaigona sei, apo zvaidavira zvirokwazvo kuti shoko pamusoro poUmambo hwaMwari ndiro rakanakisisa ramashoko nokuda kworudzi rwomunhu? Naizvozvo nokuda kwavakawanda vazvo, torongo rakava ndima yazvo, uye vasungwa vazhinji vakazvinzwa vakagamuchira. Mushumo womuna 1957 unoti: “Pavose vanozivikanwa kuva vari muzvokwadi nhasi muRussia kunogumiswa kuti makumi mana muzana vakagamuchira zvokwadi vari mutorongo nomumisasa.”
Zvapupu zvakaodzwa mwoyo netyisidziro yenguva dzose iyoyi yokuiswa mutorongo here? Nyangwe! Mushumo womuna 1964 unoti: “Mune zvapupu zvaJehovha mumisasa iyoyo zvirimo kwenguva yechipiri kana kuti yechitatu, sezvo zvisina kurega kuparidzira shoko pashure pokunge zvasunungurwa.” Vamwe, unopfuurira kutaura kudaro, vakanga vari matsotsi akanga aiswa mutorongo kana kuti mumusasa ndokusangana neZvapupu pavakanga ari imomo. Vakagamuchira zvokwadi ndokufambira mberi kusvikira kupfundo rorubhapatidzo pamberi pokusunungurwa kwavo.
Kuderera Kwedzvinyiriro
Pakati pama 1960, zviremera zvakava nechimiro chakakomba zvishomanene kuZvapupu. Sezvingabvira, zvakaziva kuti vanhu vaJehovha vakanga vasitongori tyisidziro kumutemo wavose nenhevedzano. Naizvozvo apo mibato yaaya maKristu anozvininipisa yakanga ichiri isiri yapamutemo, akasungwa nokunzvererwa zvinhu mudzimba dzawo zvishomanene zvikuru, uye akaonga nokuda kwokupfava ikoku kwedzvinyiriro. Chishuvo chawo chikuru chakanga chiri chokupfuudzira upenyu hwawo hwechiKristu ndokushanda nomutoo wakanyarara, munyoro, uye une rugare, kana toreva nezvawo.—VaRoma 12:17-19; 1 Timotio 2:1, 2.
Muna 1966 vose avo vakanga vatapwa muSiberia kwenguva refu vakasunungurwa uye vakabvumirwa kuenda kunzvimbo ipi neipi yavaida mukati menyika yacho. Vakawanda vakadzokera kumusha pashure pamakore marefu okusavapo, asi vamwe vakasarudza kurambira mumunda iwoyo unobereka zvibereko. Uye havasati vari vose vakadzokera vakasarudza kusara. Imwe hanzvadzi, yakaendeswa kuSiberia nemhuri yayo somusikana muduku, yakanga yadzokera navabereki vayo kuRussia yokumadokero. Asi yakagara kwechinguvana bedzi. Yaida vanhu vanozvininipisa, vane mutsa veSiberia zvikuru kwazvo zvokuti yakasiya mhuri yavo ndokudzokera kumabvazuva kuti ipfuurire kuparidzira kuvanhu vanogamuchira ivavo.
Chinoitika chaichoicho mukati menguva ino chakabatanidza hama yakatama murimwe guta kuenda kune rimwe. Pashure pechinguvana iyo yakawana zvimwe Zvapupu zviviri. Vari vatatu vakanyengetera nokuda kwebetsero uye nokukurumidza vakaonana nomukadzi muduku weGreek Orthodox. Akakurumidza kugamuchira zvokwadi ndokutungamirira hama dzacho kuvamwe vanhu vaviri vanofarira—mai vake nomunun’una wake. Mushumo wacho unogumisa, kuti: “Nhasi kune vanhu makumi mana vakabatanidzwa nehama idzodzi, makumi matatu vavo vakadzidza zvokwadi mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura.”
Kunyanguvezvo, Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvakadziviswa mumibato yazvo nokushaikwa kwokuzivikanwa pamutemo. Misangano yaiitwa nokuchenjera. Kuparidzira kwaiitwa nokungwarira. Kuiswa mutorongo kwakanga kuchiri bviro, uye kupupurira pachena paimba neimba kwakanga kusingabviri. Pasinei zvapo naikoku, zvisinei, maKristu akatendeka iwaya eSoviet akapfuurira kubatira Mwari wawo nenzira yokutendeka nokuva vagari vemo vakanaka venyika yavo. (Ruka 20:25) Achiratidzira chimiro chawo, mumwe wawo akanyora, kuti: “Iropafadzo huru kutsungirira miedzo yose ndokuramba wakatendeka kuna Jehovha Mwari, kurumbidza Mwari nokusingaperi munduramo yomumwe kuti uwane upenyu husingaperi hunobva kuna Jehovha kupfurikidza naJesu Kristu.” Mienzaniso yakaisvonaka zvakadini yetsungiriro nokutendeka iyo Zvapupu zvokuSoviet izvozvi zvave zviri!
Kunyoreswa Pamutemo Pakupedzisira!
Muna 1988 zvinhu zvakavamba kuchinja munyika dzakabatanidzwa neSoviet Union. Mugariro worusununguko rukuru zvikuru wakavamba kutekeshera, uye nyika dzakanga dzaganhurira mibato yeZvapupu zvaJehovha dzakavamba kugamuchira miitiro mitsva. Poland, Hungary, Romania, uye dzimwe nyika dzakapa aya maKristu apachokwadi zivikanwo yapamutemo, kuchiabvumira kuita pachena pasina rutyo rwamatsive. Makore matatu okupedzisira iwaya ave ari anofadza zvakadini muEurope yokuMabvazuva! Hama ikoko dzakashandisa sei rusununguko rwadzo ruchangobva kuwanwa kuti dziparadzire shoko rine rugare roUmambo! Uye Zvapupu zvaJehovha muyasara yose yenyika zvakafara sei pamwe nadzo!
Zvapupu zvomuSoviet zvakatobetserwa norusununguko rwazvo rwuri kufutunuka. Zviuru—zvimwe zvakabva kure sokumahombekombe ePacific eAsia—zvakapinda kokorodzano dzinokosha muPoland muna 1989 uye zvakare muna 1990, apo Zvapupu 17 454 zvakabva kuSoviet Union zvaivapo muWarsaw. Iyeuko dzakadini dzazvakadzoka nadzo kumusha! Vazhinjisa vakanga vasina kutongonamata navanopfuura chiverengero chiduku chamaKristu biyavo. Zvino vakanga vava mumapoka emakumi ezviuru!
Vakadzokera kuSoviet Union iyo yakanga yava kuva inoshivirira zvikuru. Zvapupu kupota nyika yose zvakatarira ndokushamisika, kuti: Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvichanyoreswa pamutemo rini muSoviet Union? Eya, kwakaitika muna 1991—makore ane zana rimwe chaiwoiwo pashure peshanyo ikoko yaCharles Taze Russell! Pana March 27, 1991, “Administrative Center of the Religious Organizations of Jehovah’s Witnesses in the U.S.S.R.” yakanyoreswa murugwaro rwakasainwa muMoscow naMinister of Justice of the R.S.F.S.R. Rudzii rworusununguko rwakapiwa kuZvapupu?
Chata yapamutemo yeboka richangobva kunyoreswa inobatanidza ziviso inotevera: “Donzo reSangano roRudzidziso nderokupfuudzira basa rorudzidziso rokuita kuti zita raJehovha Mwari rizivikanwe negadziriro dzake dzorudo nokuda kworudzi rwomunhu kupfurikidza noUmambo hwake hwokudenga hunotungamirirwa naJesu Kristu.”
Ikoku kunofanira kuitwa sei? Nzira dzakarongwa dzinobatanidza kuparidzira pachena nokushanyira misha yavanhu; kudzidzisa zvokwadi dzeBhaibheri kuvanhu vanodisa kuteerera; kuvaitisa fundo dzeBhaibheri dzapachena nebetsero yezvinyorwa zvefundo yeBhaibheri; uye kuronga nokuda kwokushandurwa, kupinza, kubudiswa, kutsikirirwa, uye kuparadzirwa kwamaBhaibheri.
Rugwaro rwacho runoratidzawo kurongwa kweZvapupu pasi poMutumbi Unodzora, kubatanidza ungano dzine mitumbi yavakuru, Dare (reBazu) Rinotungamirira remitezo minomwe renyika yacho, uye vatariri vamatunhu nevoruwa.
Nenzira yakajeka, Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvino zvinogona kuita nenzira yakasununguka uye pachena muSoviet Union sezvazvinoita mudzimwe nyika dzakawanda. Fungidzira mufaro wemishanu yemitezo minomwe yeDare Rinotungamirira navakuru veungano vashanu vagara kwenguva refu vakava neropafadzo yokusaina urwu rugwaro rwenhau nokuruona ruchidhindwa naHead of the Department of the Registration of Public and Religious Associations! Nenzira yakakodzera, Milton Henschel naTheodore Jaracz voMutumbi Unodzora weZvapupu zvaJehovha vaivapowo kuti vapupurire ichi chinoitika chinokosha. Pamapoka aye akatenderwa neR.S.F.S.R., Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvakanga zviri zvokutanga kugamuchira rugwaro rwazvo rwehurumende rwokunyoreswa. Ituso yakadini nokuda kwehama dzakatendeka idzodzo dzeRussia pashure pamakore akawanda kwazvo etsungiriro yokushivirira!
Zvapupu zvaJehovha kunzvimbo iri yose zvinoonga zviremera zveSoviet zvakabvumira uku kunyoreswa kwapamutemo. Zvikurukuru zvinoonga Jehovha nomwoyo wazvo wose nokuda kworusununguko rutsva rwehama dzazvo dzeSoviet. Zvinofara neZvapupu biyazvo zviri muU.S.S.R. nomudzimwe nyika dzokuEurope yokuMabvazuva zvava kugona zvino kubatira Jehovha Mwari pachena zvikuru kwazvo zvakadaro. Jehovha ngaazvikomborere zvikuru sezvazvinoshandisa rusununguko irworwu zvakazara mukurumbidza zita rake dzvene.
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 9]
Kremlin muMoscow
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 10]
Nhume dzeRussia pakokorodzano ya 1990 kunze kweSoviet Union