Founga Ne Tolonga Mai Ai ʻa e Tohi Tapú

ʻOku fakaofo moʻoni ʻa e tolonga mai ʻa e Tohi Tapú ki hotau ʻahó ni ʻo ʻikai ha maumau ʻe taha ʻe hoko ki ai. Naʻe kakato hono hikí laka hake he taʻu ʻe 1,900 kuohilí. Naʻe lēkooti ia ʻi he ngaahi meʻa naʻe ʻauhangofua—ko e pepa naʻe ngaohi mei he lauʻi pepailó pea mo e kiliʻimanú—pea ko e lea naʻe muʻaki hiki aí ko e lea ia ʻoku leaʻaki ʻe he kakai tokosiʻi pē ʻi he ʻahó ni. ʻIkai ko ia pē, ko e kau tangata maʻu mafai māʻolunga, mei he kau ʻemipola ki he kau taki lotu, naʻa nau feinga vavale ke fakaʻauhamālie ʻa e Tohi Tapú.

NAʻE anga-fēfē ʻa e tolonga mai ʻa e tohi fakaofó ni ʻi he faai mai ʻa e taimí ʻo hoko ai ko e tohi ʻiloa taha ia ʻi he faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá? Fakakaukau angé ki he tafaʻaki pē ʻe ua.

Fakatolonga ʻi he Ngaahi Tatau Lahi

Ko e faʻahinga ne nau maʻu ʻa e muʻaki ngaahi konga tohi ʻo e Tohi Tapú, ʻa e kau ʻIsilelí, naʻa nau fakatolonga fakalelei ʻa e ngaahi muʻaki takainga tohí pea hiki mo hono ngaahi tatau lahi. Ko e fakatātaá, naʻe tala ki he ngaahi tuʻi ʻo ʻIsilelí ke hiki ha “tatau ʻo e lao ni mei he tohi ʻoku ʻi he ʻao ʻo e kau Livai taulaʻeiki.”—Teutalonome 17:18.

Naʻe manako ʻa e kau ʻIsileli tokolahi ke lau ʻa e Tohi Tapú, ʻi hono ʻiloʻi ko e Folofola ia ʻa e ʻOtuá. ʻI heʻene peheé, ko hono hiki-tatau ʻo e ngaahi konga tohí naʻe hiki fakalelei ʻaupito ia ʻe he kau sikalaipe naʻe akoʻi lelei. Ko e sikalaipe manavahē-ʻOtua ʻe taha ko ʻĒsela, naʻe lave ki ai ko e “sikalaipe poto ia ʻi he Lao ʻa Mosese, ʻa e lao naʻe ʻomi ʻe Sihova ko e ʻOtua ʻo Isileli.” (Esela 7:6) ʻI he senituli hono onó ki he senituli hongofulú T.S., ko e kau Masoletí, ʻa ia naʻa nau hiki-tatau ʻa e Ngaahi Konga Tohi Tapu Faka-Hepeluú, pe “Fuakava Motuʻa,” naʻe aʻu ʻo nau lau ʻa e lahi ʻo e ngaahi mataʻitohi ʻi he ngaahi konga tohí ke fakapapauʻi ʻoku ʻikai ha fehālaaki. Ko e faʻahinga natula hiki-tatau mātuʻaki tokanga peheé, naʻe tokoni ia ke fakapapauʻi fakatouʻosi ʻa e tonu ʻa e konga tohí mo e tolonga mai ʻa e Tohi Tapú tonu neongo ʻa e ngaahi feinga vavale mo kīvoi ʻa e kau fakafilí ke fakaʻauha iá.

Ko e fakatātaá, ʻi he 168 K.M., naʻe feinga ai ʻa e tuʻi Sīlia ko ʻAnitiokasi IV ke fakaʻauha ʻa e tatau kotoa pē ʻo e Ngaahi Konga Tohi Tapu Faka-Hepeluú ʻa ia naʻe lava ke ne maʻu ʻi he kotoa ʻo Pālesitainé. ʻOku fakamatala ha hisitōlia ʻo e kau Siú: “Ko ha faʻahinga takainga tohi pē ʻo e laó naʻe maʻu naʻa nau haehae ia ʻo tutu.” ʻOku pehē ʻe he Jewish Encyclopedia: “Ko e kau ʻōfisa naʻe fekauʻi ke nau fai ʻa e tuʻutuʻuni ko ʻení naʻa nau fai anga-fefeka ia . . . Ko hano maʻu ʻa e tohi toputapú . . . naʻe tautea mate.” Ka naʻe tolonga mai ʻa e ngaahi tatau ʻo e Tohi Tapú fakatouʻosi ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e kau Siu ʻi Pālesitainé mo e faʻahinga naʻe nofo ʻi he ngaahi fonua kehé.

ʻI he hili pē ʻa e kakato e ngāue ʻa e kau hiki-tohi ʻo e Ngaahi Konga Tohi Tapu Faka-Kalisi Kalisitiané, pe “Fuakava Foʻou,” naʻe tupulekina vave ʻa e ngaahi tatau ʻo ʻenau ngaahi tohi fakamānavaʻí, kikité mo e ngaahi fakamatala fakahisitōliá. Ko e fakatātaá, naʻe hiki ʻe Sione ʻa ʻene Kōsipelí ʻi ʻEfesō pe ofi ai. Neongo ia, ko ha kongokonga ʻo e Kōsipeli ko iá, ko e konga ʻo ha tatau ʻoku pehē ʻe he kau mataotaó naʻe hiki-tatau siʻi hifo he taʻu ʻe 50 hili ʻene hiki ʻene fakamatalá, naʻe maʻu ia ʻi he kilomita ʻe lauingeau mei he feituʻu ko iá ʻi ʻIsipite. Ko e maʻu ko iá naʻe hā ai naʻe maʻu ʻe he kau Kalisitiane ʻi he ngaahi fonua mamaʻó ʻa e ngaahi tatau ʻo e ngaahi konga tohi fakamānavaʻi naʻe toki hiki ʻi he taimi ko iá.

Ko e tufaki lahi ʻa e Folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá naʻe toe tokoni ia ki heʻene tolonga mai ʻi he ngaahi senituli hili ʻa e taimi ʻo Kalaisí. Ko e fakatātaá, ʻi he hopo ʻa e laʻaá ʻi he pongipongi ʻo Fepueli 23 ʻi he taʻu 303 T.S., ʻoku pehē naʻe fekauʻi ai ʻe he ʻEmipola Loma ko Tiokilitiané ʻene kau sōtiá ke nau haveki ʻa e ngaahi matapā ʻo ha fale lotu ʻo tutu ʻa e ngaahi tatau ʻo e Tohi Tapú. Naʻe fakakaukau ʻa Tiokilitiane te ne lava ʻo fakangata ʻosi ʻa e lotu faka-Kalisitiané ʻaki hono fakaʻauha ʻenau ngaahi tohi toputapú. ʻI he ʻaho hono hokó, naʻá ne tuʻutuʻuni ai ke tutu ʻi he ʻao ʻo e kakaí ʻa e ngaahi tatau kotoa ʻo e Tohi Tapú, ʻi he kotoa ʻo e ʻEmipaea Lomá. Kae kehe, naʻe hao ʻa e ngaahi tatau ʻe niʻihi, pea naʻe toe hiki-tatau ia. Ko hono moʻoní, ko e ngaahi konga lalahi ʻo e tatau ʻe ua ʻo e Tohi Tapú ʻi he faka-Kalisí ʻa ia ʻoku ngalingali naʻe hiki ʻikai fuoloa mei he taimi ne fakapoongi ai ʻa Tiokilitiané, ʻoku tolonga mai ia ki hotau ʻahó ni. Ko e taha ʻoku ʻi Loma; ko e tatau ʻe tahá, ʻoku ʻi he British Library ʻi Lonitoni, ʻIngilani.

Neongo kuo teʻeki ai ke maʻu ha ngaahi maniusikilipi ʻo e muʻaki Tohi Tapú, ko e laui afe ʻo e ngaahi tatau hiki nima ʻo e Tohi Tapú kakato pe ko hono ngaahi konga kuo tolonga mai ia ki hotau ʻahó ni. Ko e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi tataú ni ʻoku motuʻa ʻaupito. Naʻe fulihi ʻa e pōpoaki naʻe ʻi he ngaahi muʻaki konga tohí ʻi hono hiki-tataú? ʻOku pehē ʻe he mataotao ko W. H. Green ʻo fekauʻaki mo e Ngaahi Konga Tohi Tapu Faka-Hepeluú: “ʻE lava moʻoni ke pehē ʻoku ʻikai ha toe tohi motuʻa kehe ʻe tonu mātē hono hikí.” ʻI he fekauʻaki mo e Ngaahi Konga Tohi Tapu Faka-Kalisi Kalisitiané, naʻe tohi ʻe ha mataotao tuʻu-ki-muʻa ʻi he maniusikilipi ʻo e Tohi Tapú ko Sir Frederic Kenyon: “Ko e vahaʻa mei he taimi ʻo e ngaahi ʻaho ne muʻaki hiki aí mo e fuofua fakamoʻoni ne maʻu ʻi he taimi ko iá ʻoku fuʻu valevale ia ke fai moʻoni ki ai ha tokanga, pea ko e makatuʻunga fakamuimui taha ki ha faʻahinga veiveiua pē ʻo pehē ʻoku kehekehe lahi ʻa e Tohi Tapu ʻoku tau lolotonga maʻú ni mei he tuʻunga naʻe ʻi aí, kuo ʻikai kei fai ha tui ki ai. Ko e tuʻunga fakatouʻosi ʻo e alafalalaʻanga mo e tonu fakalūkufua ʻa e ngaahi tohi ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú ʻe lava ke vakai ki ai ʻoku moʻoni.” Naʻá ne toe pehē: “ʻE lava ke fakapapauʻi, ko e moʻoni ʻoku pau ʻa e fakamatala ʻi he Tohi Tapú. . . . ʻOku ʻikai ha toe tohi ʻi he māmaní te ne maʻu ha tuʻunga pehē.”

Liliu Tohi Tapú

Ko e tafaʻaki lahi hono ua kuó ne tokoniʻi ʻa e Tohi Tapú ke hoko ko e tohi ia ʻoku ʻiloa taha ʻi he faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ko hono ala maʻu ko ia ʻi he ngaahi lea lahi. ʻOku feʻungamālie ʻeni mo e taumuʻa ʻa e ʻOtuá ke ʻilo mo lotu kiate ia ʻa e kakai ʻi he puleʻanga mo e lea kotoa pē ʻo fai ʻi “laumālie mo fai ʻi moʻoni.”—Sione 4:23, 24; Maika 4:2.

Ko e fuofua liliu ʻiloa ʻo e Ngaahi Konga Tohi Tapu Faka-Hepeluú ko e liliu Sepituakini ʻi he faka-Kalisí. Naʻe fakataumuʻa ia maʻá e kau Siu lea faka-Kalisi ne nau nofo ʻi tuʻa Pālesitainé pea naʻe kakato ia he senituli ʻe ua nai ki muʻa ʻi he ngāue fakafaifekau ʻa Sīsū ʻi he māmaní. Ko e Tohi Tapú kātoa ʻo kau ai ʻa e Ngaahi Konga Tohi Tapu Faka-Kalisi Kalisitiané, naʻe liliu ia ki he ngaahi lea lahi ka ʻi he ngaahi senituli siʻi pē ʻi heʻene kakató. Ka ki mui ai, ko e ngaahi tuʻi pea aʻu ki he kau pātele ʻa ia naʻe totonu ke nau fai ʻi he kotoa honau mafaí ke ʻai ke ala maʻu ʻe he kakaí ʻa e Tohi Tapú, naʻa nau fai ʻa e fehangahangai tofu pē ʻo e meʻa ko iá. Naʻa nau feinga ke tauhi honau kau muimuí ʻi he fakapoʻuli fakalaumālié ʻaki hono ʻikai fakaʻatā ke liliu ʻa e Folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá ki he ngaahi lea anga-mahení.

ʻI he fakafetau ki he Siasí mo e Puleʻangá, naʻe ʻai ai ʻe he kau tangata loto-toʻa ʻenau moʻuí ke ʻi he tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki kae liliu ʻa e Tohi Tapú ki he lea ʻa e kakaí. Ko e fakatātaá, ʻi he 1530, ko e tangata ʻIngilani ko Viliami Tinitale, naʻe ako ʻi Oxford, naʻá ne faʻu ha pulusinga ʻo e Penitātusí, ʻa ia ko e ngaahi ʻuluaki tohi ʻe nima ʻo e Ngaahi Konga Tohi Tapu Faka-Hepeluú. Neongo ʻa e lahi ʻo e fakafepakí, naʻá ne hoko ko e ʻuluaki tokotaha ia ke ne liliu fakahangatonu ʻa e Tohi Tapú mei he faka-Hepeluú ki he faka-Pilitāniá. Ko Tinitale foki ʻa e toe fuofua tokotaha liliu lea faka-Pilitānia ke ne ngāueʻaki ʻa e huafa Sihová. Ko e mataotao Tohi Tapu Sipeini ko Casiodoro de Reina naʻe toutou mei fakapoongi ia ʻe he kau fakatanga Katoliká ʻi heʻene ngāue ki he taha ʻo e ngaahi fuofua liliu faka-Sipeini ʻo e Tohi Tapú. Naʻá ne folau ki ʻIngilani, Siamane, Falanisē, Hōlani mo Suisalani ʻi heʻene ngāue ke fakalavalava ʻene liliú.a

ʻI he ʻahó ni ʻoku hokohoko atu hono liliu ʻa e Tohi Tapú ki he ngaahi lea lahi ange, pea kuo pulusi ʻa hono ngaahi tatau ʻe laui miliona. Ko ʻene tolonga mai ʻo hoko ko e tohi ʻiloa taha ʻi he faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ʻa e moʻoni ʻo e fakamatala fakamānavaʻi ʻa e ʻapositolo ko Pitá: “Kuo mae ʻa e mohuku, pea ngangana hono fisi; ka ko e folofola ʻa e ʻEiki ʻoku tolonga ʻo e taʻengata.”—1 Pita 1:24, 25.

[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]

[Puha/Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 14]

KO E LILIU FĒ ʻOKU TOTONU KE U LAÚ?

ʻOku maʻu ʻi he ngaahi lea lahi ʻa e ngaahi liliu lahi ʻo e Tohi Tapú. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe he ngaahi liliu ʻe niʻihi ʻa e lea faingataʻa mo motuʻa. ʻOku tauʻatāina ʻa e ngaahi liliu kehé, ʻo toe fakalea ʻa e ngaahi liliú ʻo fakataumuʻa ke faingofua hono laú ka ʻoku ʻikai ke tonu mātē. Neongo ia, ko e ngaahi liliu ʻe niʻihi ʻoku liliu hangatonu, ʻo meimei ke fakafoʻilea.

Ko e pulusinga faka-Pilitānia ʻo e New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, pulusi ʻe he Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová, naʻe liliu fakahangatonu ia mei hono muʻaki ngaahi leá ʻe ha kōmiti ʻoku ʻikai fakahaaʻi honau hingoá. Ko e liliu ko ʻení, ki mui ai, kuo hoko ia ko e konga tohi tefito naʻe ngāueʻaki ke liliu mei ai ki he ngaahi lea kehe ʻe 60 nai. Kae kehe, naʻe fai ʻe he kau liliu lea ʻo e ngaahi lea ko iá hano fakahoa lahi ki he muʻaki lea ʻo e konga tohí. ʻOku fakataumuʻa ʻa e New World Translation ke liliu hangatonu ʻa e muʻaki lea ʻo e konga tohí ʻi he taimi pē ʻoku ʻikai fakapuliki ai hono ʻuhingá ʻi hono liliu ʻi he founga ko iá. ʻOku feinga ʻa e kau liliu leá ke ʻai ʻa e Tohi Tapú ke mahinongofua ki he kau lautohi he ʻaho ní ʻo hangē pē ko ʻene mahinongofua ki he kau lautohi ʻi he kuonga ʻo e Tohi Tapú.

Ko e kau mataotao lea ʻe niʻihi kuo nau vakaiʻi ʻa e ngaahi liliu Tohi Tapu ʻi onopōní—ʻo kau ai ʻa e New World Translation—ki ha ngaahi fakatātā ʻo e ʻikai tonu mo e taʻemafamafatatau ʻa e liliú. Ko e taha he kau mataotao ko iá ko Jason David BeDuhn, ko ha palōfesa ʻi he ako ki he ngaahi meʻa fakalotú ʻi he ʻUnivēsiti ʻo Northern Arizona ʻi ʻAmelika. ʻI he 2003, naʻá ne pulusi ai ha tohi ʻanalaiso peesi ʻe 200 ʻo e ngaahi liliu ʻe hiva ʻo e “ngaahi Tohi Tapu ʻoku ngāueʻaki lahi taha ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu lea faka-Pilitāniá.”b Naʻe vakaiʻi ʻe heʻene tohí ha ngaahi konga he Tohi Tapú naʻe fakakikihiʻi lahi, ʻa ia ko e ngaahi konga tohi ʻeni “ʻoku ngalingali ke lahilahi ai ʻa e hū mai ʻa e taʻemafamafatataú ki he liliú.” ʻI he konga tohi taki taha, naʻá ne fakahoa ai ʻa e konga tohi faka-Kalisí mo e ngaahi liliu ne fai mei he liliu Tohi Tapu faka-Pilitānia taki taha, pea naʻá ne fakasio ai ki ha ngaahi feinga taʻemafamafatatau ke mioʻi ʻa e ʻuhingá. Ko e hā ʻa e ola ʻo ʻene vakaiʻi ko iá?

ʻOku fakamamafaʻi mai ʻe BeDuhn ʻo pehē kuo taukaveʻi ʻe he kakaí fakalūkufua mo e kau mataotao Tohi Tapu tokolahi ko e faikehekehe ʻi he New World Translation (NW) ʻoku tupu ia mei he taʻemafamafatatau fakalotu ʻi he tafaʻaki ʻo e faʻahinga ne nau liliu iá. Kae kehe, ʻokú ne fakamatala: “Ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi faikehekehé ko e tupu ia mei he tonu ʻaupito ange ʻa e NW ʻi he totonu mo e tokanga ʻi hono liliú.” Neongo ʻa e ʻikai loto-tatau ʻa BeDuhn mo e ngaahi liliu ʻe niʻihi ʻi he New World Translation, ʻokú ne pehē ko e liliu ko ʻení “ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi ko e tonu taha ʻeni ʻi he ngaahi liliu naʻe fakahoá.” ʻOkú ne ui ia ko ha liliu “lelei moʻoni.”

Ko Dr. Benjamin Kedar, ko ha mataotao Hepelū ʻi ʻIsileli, naʻá ne fai ha fakamatala meimei tatau fekauʻaki mo e New World Translation. ʻI he 1989 naʻá ne pehē: “Ko e liliú ni ʻoku tapua mai ai ʻa e feinga faitotonu ke mahinoʻi ʻa e konga tohí ʻi he tonu taha ʻe ala lavá. . . . Kuo teʻeki ai ʻaupito ke u maʻu ʻi he New World Translation ha faʻahinga taumuʻa taʻemafamafatatau ʻe taha ke tānaki atu ha meʻa ki he konga tohí ʻa ia naʻe ʻikai ke ʻi ai ki muʻa.”

ʻEke hifo angé: ‘Ko e hā ʻeku taumuʻa ʻi hono lau ʻa e Tohi Tapú? ʻOku ou loto nai ke faingofua hono laú kae ʻikai tonu mātē hono liliú? Pe ʻoku ou loto ke lau ʻa e ngaahi fakakaukau ʻoku tapua mai ai ʻa e muʻaki konga tohi fakamānavaʻí ʻi he ofi taha ʻe ala lavá?’ (2 Pita 1:20, 21) Ko hoʻo taumuʻá ʻoku totonu ke ne tala atu ʻa e liliu Tohi Tapu ke ke filí.

[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]

[Fakatātā]

ʻOku maʻu ʻa e “New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures” ʻi he ngaahi lea lahi

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 12, 13]

Ngaahi maniusikilipi faka-Masoleti

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 13]

Ko ha kongokonga ʻoku maʻu ai ʻa e Luke 12:7, “. . . ʻoua te mou manavahe: ʻoku mou mahuʻinga ʻi ha fanga misi tokolahi”

[Maʻuʻanga Tā ʻi he peesi 13]

Peesi ʻi muʻá: National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg; uá mo e tolú: Biblemuseum, Münster; mei muí: © The Trustees of the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin