So Ɔkra No Tra Ase Wɔ Owu Akyi

“ƆKRA: Onipa fã a ɛyɛ honhom, a wobu no sɛ ɛkɔ so tra ase wɔ owu akyi na etumi nya anigye anaa ahohia wɔ daakye tebea bi mu.” (The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary) Ɔsom ahorow pii gye saa nkyerɛkyerɛmu yi tom akwan horow so. New Catholic Encyclopedia se: “Nkyerɛkyerɛ a ɛne sɛ onipa kra nwu da na ɛbɛkɔ so atra ase wɔ onipa no wu akyi no . . . yɛ Kristofo nyansapɛ ne nyamekyerɛ nnyinaso atitiriw mu biako.”

Ɛnde, ebia ɛbɛyɛ wo ahodwiriw sɛ wubehu sɛ saa gyidi nnyinaso titiriw yi fi abosonsom nyansapɛ mu. Bere tenten ansa na wɔrewo Yesu no, na wogye di sɛ ɔkra no yɛ biribi a wontumi nhu na etumi tew ne ho fi nipadua no ho tra ase. Enti, etumi kɔ so tra ase wɔ nipadua no wu akyi, sɛ ɔsaman, anaa sɛ honhom.

Helafo nam nyansapɛ so na ɛkyerɛkyerɛɛ saa gyidi yi mu. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ Helani nyansapɛfo a ogyee din, Socrates kae sɛ: “Sɛ ɔkra no . . . fi kɔ a efĩ biara nni ho, na antwe nipadua no ho biribiara anka ne ho a, . . . ɛkɔ nea ɛte sɛ ɔno ara mu, nea wonhu, ɛwɔ ɔsoro, enwu da, na ɛwɔ nyansa mu, na sɛ ekodu hɔ a, ɛwɔ anigye, a ade ne ho afi mfomso ne nkwaseade ne ehu . . . ne adesamma ɔhaw afoforo nyinaa ho, na . . . ɛne anyame no tra nokware mu wɔ akyiri mmere nyinaa mu.”​—Phaedo, 80, D, E; 81, A.

Ɛnyɛ Bible Kyerɛkyerɛ

Ɛnde, ɛyɛɛ dɛn na wofii ase kyerɛkyerɛɛ saa abosonsom gyidi a ɛne sɛ ɔkra no nwu da yi wɔ Kristoman ne Yudafo som mu?

New Catholic Encyclopedia no nka asɛm no nyinaa bere a ɛka sɛ: “Adwene a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔkra no kɔ so tra ase wɔ owu akyi no nyɛ nea wotumi hu ntɛm ara wɔ Bible no mu.” Sɛ yɛbɛka no yiye a, ɔkra a enwu da kyerɛkyerɛ no nni Bible mu koraa! Saa encyclopedia no gye tom sɛ: “Onipa kra ho nsusuwii ankasa a ɛwɔ Apam Dedaw no mu no, nte sɛ nea ɛwɔ Helafo ne nnɛyi nyansapɛ mu no.”

Wɔ nea wɔfrɛ no Apam Dedaw no mu no, Hebri asɛmfua neʹphesh, a wɔtaa kyerɛ ase sɛ “ɔkra” no pue mpɛn 754. Wɔ nea wɔfrɛ no Apam Foforo no mu no, Hela asɛmfua psy·kheʹ a wɔtaa kyerɛ ɛno nso ase sɛ “ɔkra” no pue mpɛn 102. Sɛ yɛhwehwɛ sɛnea wɔde nsɛmfua yi di dwuma wɔ Bible mu no mu a, biribi a ɛyɛ nwonwa da adi.

Yɛkenkan wɔ Genesis 2:7 sɛ Onyankopɔn huw nkwa home guu Adam hwene mu, na Adam “yɛɛ ɔkra teasefo [Hebri, neʹphesh].” Hyɛ no nsow: Wɔamma Adam ɔkra teasefo; ɔbɛyɛɛ ɔkra teasefo. Wɔbɛka no ɔkwan foforo so a, na Adam a wɔabɔ no foforo no yɛ ɔkra! Ɛnyɛ nwonwa sɛ New Catholic Encyclopedia no de ba awiei sɛ: “Ɔkra a ɛwɔ Apam Dedaw no mu no nkyerɛ onipa fã bi, na mmom onipa mũ no nyinaa​—onipa sɛ ɔteasefo.”

Kyerɛwnsɛm afoforo si eyi so dua. Sɛ nhwɛso no, Leviticus 7:20 ka “ɔkra a obedi asomdwoe afɔre . . . no nam” ho asɛm. Leviticus 23:30 se: “Na ɔkra biara a ɔyɛ adwuma bi.” Mmebusɛm 25:25 ka sɛ: “Sɛ nsuonwini yɛ ɔkra a atɔ piti no, sɛ asɛmpa a efi akyirikyiri asase so yɛ ne no.” Na Dwom 105:18 ka kyerɛ yɛn sɛ: ‘Wɔde mpokyerɛ miaa ne nan; wɔde ne kra too dade [nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn] mu.’

Afei, ɛdɛn ade na ebetumi adi nam, ayɛ adwuma, ɛde nsu adwudwo ne ho, na wɔde no ato dade mu? So ɛyɛ onipa fã bi a atew ne ho a ɛyɛ honhom, anaasɛ ɛyɛ onipa ankasa? Mmuae no da adi pefee.

Nea ɛyɛ anigye no, ɛnyɛ onipa nkutoo na ɔyɛ ɔkra. Genesis 1:20 ka kyerɛ yɛn sɛ wɔ adebɔ bere bi mu no, Onyankopɔn kae sɛ: ‘Nsu no nnɔ akra a ɛte ase manyamanya.’ Yiw, mpataa mpo yɛ akra! Wɔ adebɔ bere foforo mu no, Onyankopɔn daa no adi sɛ “ntɔteboa ne mmoa a wɔwea ne asase so mmoadoma” yɛ akra!​—Genesis 1:24; fa toto Leviticus 11:10, 46; 24:18; Numeri 21:28; Hiob 41:21; Hesekiel 47:9 ho.

Enti, “ɔkra” a ɛwɔ Bible mu no nkyerɛ honhom mu ade bi a ɛte sɛ sunsuma a efi nipadua no mu wɔ owu akyi. Ɛkyerɛ obi anaa aboa bi, anaa nkwa a obi anaa aboa bi wɔ.

Dɛn na Ɛba wɔ Owu Akyi?

Ɛnde, ɛda adi pefee sɛ Bible no ne abosonsom adwene a ɛkyerɛ sɛ onipa wɔ ɔkra a enwu da no nhyia. Wususuw sɛ hena na ɔkyerɛkyerɛɛ nea ɛyɛ nokware wɔ eyi mu? Helafo nyansapɛfo abosonsomfo no anaasɛ Onyankopɔn ankasa nkurɔfo a ɔne wɔn yɛɛ apam no? Nokwarem no, ɛyɛ Onyankopɔn nkurɔfo a ɔde n’Asɛm a efi honhom mu maa wɔn no.

Nanso, asemmisa no da so ara wɔ hɔ sɛ, Dɛn na ɛba ɔkra no so wɔ owu akyi? Esiane sɛ ɔkra no ne onipa no nti, ɛda adi pefee sɛ onipa no wu a, ɔkra no nso wu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no ɔkwan foforo so a, obi a wawu yɛ ɔkra a wawu. Kyerɛw nsɛm pii di eyi ho adanse. Hesekiel 18:4 ka sɛ “ɔkra a ɔyɛ bɔne no, ɔno ara na obewu.” Yɛkenkan wɔ Atemmufo 16:30 sɛ: “Na Simson kae sɛ: Me kra ne Filistifo no nwuwu!” Kyerɛw nsɛm afoforo kyerɛ sɛ wobetumi atwa akra afi hɔ (Genesis 17:14), de nkrante akunkum wɔn (Yosua 10:37), asiw wɔn menewa (Hiob 7:15), ama nsu afa wɔn (Yona 2:5). Ɔkra a wawu yɛ onipa a wawu.​—Leviticus 19:28; 21:1, 11.

Ɛnde, dɛn ne akra a wɔawu tebea? Ne tiawa mu no, owu yɛ nkwa abirabɔ. Yɛn nkate ahorow nyinaa ne yɛn honam fam nipadua no bom. Sɛ yebehu ade, ate asɛm, na yɛadwen a, ebegyina yɛn ani, yɛn aso ne yɛn amemene a ɛbɛyɛ adwuma yiye so. Sɛ yenni aniwa a, yɛrentumi nhu ade. Sɛ yenni aso a, yɛrentumi nte asɛm. Sɛ yenni amemene a, yɛrentumi nyɛ biribiara. Sɛ obi wu a, saa honam fam akwaa yi nyinaa gyae adwuma yɛ. Ná yenni baabiara.

Nea ɛne eyi hyia no, Ɔsɛnkafo 9:5, 10 ka sɛ: “Na awufo de, wonnim biribiara . . . na adwuma ne adwene ne nimdeɛ ne nyansa nni asaman [ɔdamoa] a worekɔ hɔ no.” Saa ara nso na Dwom 146:3, 4 ka sɛ: “Mommfa mo ho nnto ahene anaa onipa ba a nkwagye bi nni ne mu so. Ne honhom [nkwa tumi] fi kɔ, ɔsan kɔ ne dɔte mu da no ara ne tirim a ɔbobɔe no yera.” Enti, sɛ nnipa (akra) wu a, ne tiawa mu no, na wonni baabiara.

Abosonsom Nkyerɛkyerɛ Dan Asɔre Nkyerɛkyerɛ

Ebia ebinom bebisa sɛ ‘Nanso so Apam Foforo no nkyerɛkyerɛ ɔkra a enwu da no?’ Dabida. New Catholic Encyclopedia no gye tom sɛ: “Apam Foforo no de owu ho ntease a ɛwɔ Apam Dedaw no mu no ara na ɛma.” Sɛ wɔka no ɔkwan foforo so a, “Apam Foforo” no kyerɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔkra no wu. Yesu Kristo kyerɛe sɛ na onnye nni sɛ ɔkra no nwu da. Obisae sɛ: ‘Ɛwɔ hokwan sɛ wɔyɛ papa anaa bɔne homeda, sɛ wogye nkwa anaasɛ wokum ɔkra bi?’ (Marko 3:4) Kristoni ɔsomafo Paulo nso penee sɛnea “Apam Dedaw” no bu ɔkra no so denam asɛm a ɛwɔ Genesis 2:7 a ɔfa de kaa asɛm sɛ: “Saa ara nso na wɔakyerɛw sɛ: Adam, onipa a odi kan no, yɛɛ ɔkra teasefo” no so​—1 Korintofo 15:45.

Ɛnde, ɛyɛɛ dɛn na nsusuwii a efi Plato nkyerɛkyerɛ mu no bɛyɛɛ asɔre no nkyerɛkyerɛ? Encyclopœdia of Religion and Ethics, a James Hastings kyerɛwee no kyerɛkyerɛ mu sɛ: “Bere a wɔde Kristofo asɛmpa no fii Yudafo hyiadan mu kɔɔ Roma Ahemman no mu no, ɔkra ho adwene a ɛyɛ mfitiase Hebri nkyerɛkyerɛ kodii baabi a Helafo nsusuwii na ɛwɔ hɔ, na nea efii nkyerɛkyerɛ yi ani a wɔdan mu bae no nyɛ adewa.” Asɔre akyerɛkyerɛfo bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛma wɔn nkrasɛm no ayɛ nea “wiase a wokura Helafo nsusuwii betumi ate ase” denam “Helafo adwene ne nneyɛe ho adesua mu nsusuwii a wɔde asi hɔ” a wɔde dii dwuma so. Saa ara nso na Yudafo nyamekyerɛfo fii ase sɛ wɔbɛda “Plato nkyerɛkyerɛ nkɛntɛnso a emu yɛ den” adi wɔ wɔn nkyerɛwee ahorow mu.​—Encyclopœdia Judaica.

Enti, wɔtow Bible nkyerɛkyerɛ a ɛfa ɔkra ho no kyenee, na wɔde nkyerɛkyerɛ a akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ efi abosonsom mu sii ananmu. Ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wobetumi agyina so aka sɛ na eyi fata efisɛ ɛmaa Kristosom yɛɛ nnipa pii akɔnnɔ. Bere a ɔsomafo Paulo reka asɛm wɔ Atene a na ɛyɛ beae a na Helafo amammerɛ atim kɛse no, wankyerɛkyerɛ Plato nkyerɛkyerɛ a ɛfa ɔkra ho no. Nea ɛne ɛno bɔ abira no, ɔkaa Kristofo owusɔre ho nkyerɛkyerɛ ho asɛm, ɛwom mpo sɛ na ɛyɛ den ma Helafo a wotiee no no mu pii sɛ wobegye nea ɔkae no atom de.​—Asomafo no Nnwuma 17:22-32.

Nokwarem no, ɔsomafo Paulo de kɔkɔbɔ mae wɔ Bible mu nokware a wɔde frafra abosonsom mu no ho bere a ɔkae sɛ: “Ayɔnkofa bɛn na hann ne sum wɔ? Na ɔka bɛn na Kristo ne Belial ka?” (2 Korintofo 6:14, 15) Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛdenam abosonsom nkyerɛkyerɛ a Kristoman ama kwan ma abɛyɛ ne nyansapɛ ne nyamekyerɛ nnyinaso atitiriw mu biako so no, wabɔ Onyankopɔn ankasa ahohora!

Anidaso Ma Awufo

Nnipa wɔ hokwan sɛ wogye nea wɔpɛ biara di. Nanso, wɔrentumi nnye ho kyim sɛ ɔkra a enwu da nkyerɛkyerɛ no yɛ nea ennyina Kyerɛwnsɛm so. Ɛnde, so nnipa nni owu akyi asetra ho anidaso biara?

Hiob bisae sɛ, ‘So [onipa] bɛtra ase bio?’ akyi no, ɔkɔɔ so de mmuae a efi honhom mu no mae. Ɔkae sɛ: “Wo [Yehowa] bɛfrɛ, na me nso magye wo so. Anka w’ani begyina wo nsa ano adwuma no.” (Hiob 14:14, 15) Yiw, Bible no de owusɔre ho anidaso ma wɔn a wɔwɔ Onyankopɔn nkae mu nyinaa. Ɔpɛ sɛ ɔsan de n’asomfo anokwafo te sɛ Hiob ba nkwa mu bio! Kristo Yesu sii sɛnea anidaso yi yɛ paara no so dua bere a ɔkae sɛ: “Mommma eyi nnyɛ mo nwonwa, efisɛ dɔn no reba a wɔn a wɔwɔ ada mu nyinaa bɛte ne nne, na wɔafi adi; wɔn a wɔayɛ papa no bɛkɔ nkwa sɔre mu, na wɔn a wɔayɛ bɔne no bɛkɔ atemmu sɔre mu.”​—Yohane 5:28, 29.

Bere du sɛ saa nkɔmhyɛ no bɛba mu a, Yesaia 25:8 hyɛ bɔ sɛ Onyankopɔn “bɛmene owu akosi daa.” Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wiase no bɛyɛ baabi a sɛnea Adiyisɛm 21:4 kyerɛ no, “owu nni hɔ bio.” So wobɛpɛ sɛ wotra wiase bi a ayiyɛ anaa ayiyɛbea ahorow, adamoa anaa amusiei, ne awerɛhow nnim na mmom anigye nkutoo na ɛwom mu anaa?

Ɛyɛ nokware sɛ ebia wɔde gyidi wɔ ɔkra a enwu da nkyerɛkyerɛ mu na ɛtetee wo. Nanso ɛdenam Bible no a wubesua so no, wubetumi anya gyidi wɔ Bible mu bɔhyɛ ahorow a ɛde ahofadi ba no mu.a Bio nso wubetumi asua nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ na wo nsa aka Bible no bɔhyɛ a ɛne sɛ wubenya “daa nkwa” wɔ Paradise wɔ asase so, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wobɛtra ase sɛ ɔkra a enwu da!​—Yohane 17:3; Luka 23:43.

[Ase hɔ asɛm]