Ukuzibulala—Ubhubhane Ofihlakeleyo
UJOHN NOMARYa baphakathi kwiminyaka yabo engama-50 ubudala yaye bahlala kumaphandle aseUnited States kwindlu encinane. UJohn ugqitywa yiemphysema kanti nesifo sentliziyo sikwalapha. UMary akaziboni ephila ngaphandle kukaJohn, yaye akanakumelana nentlungu yokumbona ephela, ephefumla nzima. NoMary unezakhe izigulo yaye kangangeminyaka eliqela ebexinezelekile. UJohn usoloko exhalabile mvanje kuba uMary uthetha ngokuzibulala. Ucinga gqwethekileyo ngenxa yoxinezeleko namayeza awasebenzisayo. Uthi akakwazi ukumelana nokucinga ukuba useza kuhlala yedwa.
Indlu yabo izele ngamayeza—iipilisi zesifo sentliziyo, ezilwa noxinezeleko nezenzelwe ukuthomalalisa. Ngenye intseni, uMary waya ekhitshini waza waqalisa ukutya ezi pilisi. Waqhubeka ezitya de kwafika uJohn wazihlutha kuye. Watsalela umnxeba iqela labahlanguli njengoko wayefe isiqaqa. Wathandazela ukuba angafi.
Oko Kutyhilwa Luhlolisiso
Kuninzi okuye kwabhalwa kutshanje ngokuphathelele ukwanda kokuzibulala kwabaselula—yaye kufanele ukuba njalo, kuba yintoni enye enokuba yintlekele ngaphezu kokufa ngokungeyomfuneko komntu oselula, osaze ngobuso elizweni nosenamabhongo? Kodwa enye into engekaphawulwa ezindabeni kukuba ukuzibulala kuhambelana nobudala. Oku kuyenzeka enoba umlinganiselo wokuzibulala welizwe elithile uphezulu okanye uphantsi, njengoko ibhokisi ekwiphepha elandulelayo ibonisa. Nokujonga nje kolu hlolisiso kutyhila ukuba lo bhubhane ufihlakeleyo ukho ehlabathini lonke.
Ngowe-1996 iU.S. Centers for Disease Control yanikela ingxelo yokuba inani labantu abazibulalayo baseMerika abaneminyaka engama-65 ubudala nangaphezulu liye lenyuka ngama-36 ekhulwini ukususela ngowe-1980. Inxalenye yolu lwando ibibangelwa kukuba baninzi kwabantu abakhulileyo eMerika—kodwa bekungasoloko kunjalo. Ngowe-1996 umlinganiselo wokuzibulala phakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala uye wenyuka nge-9 ekhulwini okokuqala kwiminyaka engama-40. Ekufeni okubangelwa kukwenzakala, kuphela kukuwa nokuntlitheka kweenqwelo-mafutha okuye kwabulala abantu abaninzi abasele bekhulile eMerika. Enyanisweni, nala manani othusayo asenokuba ngaphantsi. Incwadi ethi A Handbook for the Study of Suicide ithi: “Kuqikelelwa ukuba ukuzibulala akuchazwa ngokupheleleyo kuhlolisiso olusekelwe kwisiqinisekiso sonobangela wokufa.” Le ncwadi yongezelela ngelithi abanye baqikelela ukuba awona manani awaphinda kabini lawo achaziweyo kuhlolisiso.
Ube yintoni umphumo? IUnited States, njengoninzi lwamanye amazwe, ithwaxwa ngubhubhane ofihlakeleyo wokuzibulala kwabemi abasele bekhulile. UGqr. Herbert Hendin, oyingcali kulo mbandela, uthi: “Phezu kwaso nje isibakala sokuba umlinganiselo wokuzibulala eUnited States ukhula ngamandla nangokuphawulekayo ngenxa yobudala, ukuzibulala kwabantu abasele bekhulile akunikelwa ngqalelo kangako ngabantu ngokubanzi.” Kutheni kunjalo? Uthi ingxaki ikukuba ekubeni umlinganiselo wokuzibulala kwabantu abasele bekhulile ubusoloko uphezulu, “awubangelanga nkxalabo inkulu njengokuzibulala okuphawulekayo kwabantu abaselula.”
Ukuzimisela Okukhulu
Olu hlolisiso nangona lusothusa lungamanani nje angangqalanga. Alubonisi indlela onokuba lilolo ngayo ebomini ngaphandle kweqabane olithandayo, intlungu ebangelwa kukuvinjwa ithuba lokuzimela, ukuphelelwa lithemba ngenxa yesifo esithile, ukungonwabi ngenxa yoxinezeleko olungapheliyo nokuphelelwa lithemba ngenxa yokuxelelwa ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo. Eyona nto ibuhlungu yeyokuba ngoxa abantu abaselula benokuthi ngokubhuduzela benze umzamo wokuzibulala ngenxa yengxaki yokwexeshana, abantu abasele bekhulile basoloko bejamelene neengxaki ezibonakala zihleli zikho yaye zingenakucombululeka. Ngokomphumo, basoloko bejamelana nokuzibulala ngokuzimisela ngakumbi kunabantu abaselula yaye bakwenza ngokuzimisela okukhulu.
UGqr. Hendin uthi kwincwadi yakhe ethi Suicide in America: “Ngokucacileyo ukuzibulala akuxhaphakanga phakathi kwabantu abasele bekhulile nje kuphela, kodwa ukuzibulala kubonisa umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwabasele bekhulile nabaselula. Ngokukhethekileyo, umlinganiselo wokuzama ukuzibulala nokuzibulala utshintsha ngokuphawulekayo phakathi kwabantu abasele bekhulile. Phakathi kwabantu xa bebonke, umlinganiselo wokuzama ukuzibulala ukuya kutsho kowokuzibulala uqikelelwa kwabali-10 ko-1; phakathi kwabaselula (abaneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-24 ubudala), kuye kwaqikelelwa kwabali-100 ko-1; yaye phakathi kwabaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-55 ubudala, uqikelelwa ko-1 ko-1.”
Olunjani ukuvula ingqondo uhlolisiso! Hayi indlela ekuxinezela ngayo ukukhula, uphelelwe ngamandla uze uve iintlungu nokugula! Akumangalisi ukuba abantu abaninzi bazibulale. Kodwa kukho isizathu esinamandla sokubuxabisa ubomi—kwanaphantsi kwezona meko zinzima. Khawuhlolisise oko kwenzeka kuMary, okhankanywe ekuqaleni.
[Umbhalo osemazantsi]
a Amagama atshintshiwe.
[Isicangca esikwiphepha 13]
Umlinganiselo Wokuzibulala Kubantu Abali-100 000 Ngokweminyaka Yobudala Nesini
15-24 Iminyaka 75 Iminyaka Nangaphezulu
Amadoda/Amabhinqa Ilizwe Amadoda/Amabhinqa
8.0 / 2.5 EArgentina 55.4 / 8.3
4.0 / 0.8 EGrisi 17.4 / 1.6
19.2 / 3.8 EHungary 168.9 /60.0
10.1 / 4.4 EJapan 51.8 /37.0
7.6 / 2.0 EMexico 18.8 / 1.0
53.7 / 9.8 ERashiya 93.9 /34.8
23.4 / 3.7 EUnited States 50.7 / 5.6