Imozulu—Ngaba Kukho Into Eyonakeleyo Kuyo?
“XA AMANGESI edibana, into yokuqala ancokola ngayo yimozulu.” Waqhula watsho umbhali odumileyo uSamuel Johnson. Noko ke, kutshanje imozulu ayiseyonto yokuqala incoko. Seyingumbandela obaxhalabisa bonke abantu ehlabathini. Konakele phi? Kungenxa yokuba imozulu—nebisoloko ingaqondakali kakade—ibonakala ngathi iya iguquguquka ngakumbi.
Ngokomzekelo, kwihlobo lowama-2002, iYurophu yahlaselwa kanobom zizikhukula ezingaqhelekanga. Eneneni, zachazwa ‘njengezona zikhukula zakha zonakalisa kumbindi Yurophu kwisithuba esingaphezu kwenkulungwane.’ Phawula ezi ngxelo zilandelayo:
EOSTRIYA: “Amaphondo alapho iSalzburg, iCarinthia, neTirol antlithwa kanobom zizikhukula ezitshabalalisayo. Izitrato ezininzi zazizaliswe ludaka nobutyobo obufumbe kangangeemitha ezili-15. Kwisikhululo sikaloliwe saseVienna iSüdbahnhof, isiphango sabangela ingozi kaloliwe eyenzakalisa inyambalala yabantu.”
ECZECH REPUBLIC: “Imasikizi gqitha into eyehle ePrague. Kodwa yona intlekele eyenzeke kumaphondo alapho ihlasimlis’ umzimba. Bafikelela kuma-200 000 abantu abaye bafuduswa kumakhaya abo. Zonke iidolophu zelo zigutyungelwe zizikhukula.”
EFRANSI: “Kwafa abantu abangama-23, abasi-9 balahleka, kwaza kwachaphazeleka amawaka abantu . . . Abantu abathathu babethwa ngumbane bafa kwisiphango sangoMvulo. . . . Kwafa umcimi-mlilo emva kokuhlangula isibini esasisengxakini; simka nemoto eyayikhukuliswa ngamanzi.”
EJAMANI: “Akuzange khe kufuduswe abantu ngendlela abaye bafuduswa ngayo kwiidolophu needolophana zeFederal Republic, ngenxa ‘yezona zikhukula zikhulu zale nkulungwane.’ Amawaka abantu abahlala kwezo dolophu baye bazishiya. Inkoliso yenjenjalo ukuze isindise ubomi bayo. Abanye baye bahlangulwa ngomzuzu wokugqibela ngesikhephe okanye ngehelikopta.”
EROMANIA: “Ukususela phakathi kuJulayi, isiphango siye sabulala abantu abaliqela.”
ERASHIYA: “Ubuncinane ngabantu abangama-58 abaye bafela kunxweme loLwandle Olumnyama . . . Zimalunga nama-30 iimoto neebhasi ezeyele kwintsele yolwandle, yaye akukho phulo lakuzikhangela ekubeni kukho isilumkiso sokuba kusenokubakho esinye isikhukula.”
Oku Akwenzeki EYurophu Kuphela
NgoAgasti 2002 iphephandaba laseJamani iSüddeutsche Zeitung lathi: “Imozulu engaqhelekanga yezaqhwithi ezivuthuzayo neemvula ezinesitshi ishiye umonakalo ongathethekiyo eAsia, eYurophu naseMzantsi Merika. Ubuncinane ngabantu abangama-50 abaye bafa ngoLwesithathu xa bekuqengqeleka umhlaba namatye kwintaba iNepal. Kumazantsi eTshayina isitshingitshane siye sabulala abantu abasibhozo saza seza nemvula enkulu kumbindi welo. Izikhukula zaseTshayina zizalise uMlambo iMekong wafikelela kwelona qondo liphakamileyo kwiminyaka engama-30, zigubungela ngaphantsi kwamanzi izindlu ezingaphezu kwe-100 kumntla-mpuma weThailand. . . . Ubuncinane ngabantu abahlanu abaye barhaxwa bafa emva kwezandyondyo zemvula eArgentina. . . . Bangaphezu kwewaka abantu ababulewe ziziphango zasehlotyeni eTshayina.”
Ngoxa amanzi ayegqugqisa kwiindawo ezininzi ehlabathini, lona elaseUnited States lalithwaxwa yimbalela engathethekiyo. Kwanikelwa le ngxelo: “Kulo lonke elo into exhalabisayo kukushokoxeka kwamanzi nokoma kwamaqula, ukuba mancinane kwamanzi ehla ngemifula nemililo yamadlelo namahlathi ephindeke ngaphezu kwesibini kweli xesha lonyaka. Ngenxa yokubalela kwezityalo namadlelo, ukunqongophala kwamanzi, imililo yamadlelo nemimoya evuthuzayo, iingcali ziqikelela ukuba imbalela yowama-2002 iya kubangela ilahleko yamawaka ezigidi zeedola.”
Iindawo ezithile kumantla Afrika ziye zathwaxwa kanobom yimbalela engathethekiyo ukususela kwiminyaka yee-1960. Iingxelo zithi, “kuye kwana imvula engaphantsi ngamashumi amabini ukusa kumashumi amane ekhulwini kunaleyo yana kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yama-20, yaye ngenxa yoko kuye kwagqugqisa indlala nokufa.”
IEl Niño—ebangelwa kukufudumala kwamanzi akwimpuma Pasifiki—isoloko isiza nezikhukula nemozulu embi kuMntla nakuMzantsi Merika.a Kwiindaba zeCNN kuthiwa ngowe-1983/84, iEl Niño “yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwe-1 000, yabangela neentlekele zemozulu phantse kuwo onke amazwekazi, yaye umonakalo wempahla nokufa kwezilwanyana wafikelela kwiirandi ezingama-80 zamawaka ezigidi.” IEl Niño iye yaquqa ibuyelela (emva kwesithuba seminyaka emine) ukususela ukuqala ukubonwa kwayo ngenkulungwane ye-19. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba “iEl Niño ifika ngokuphindaphindiweyo” yaye iza “kuba nochatha” kwixesha elizayo.
Inqaku elapapashwa yiU.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration liqinisekisa lithi: “Ubukhulu becala le mozulu ‘ingaqhelekanga’ siyibonayo—ngokomzekelo ubushushu okanye ubusika obunezandyondyo zemvula—ibangelwa ziinguqu eziqhelekileyo zemozulu kwimimandla ethile.” Ukanti, kukho iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba kusenokuvela ingxaki enkulu. Umbutho wabantu abalwela ukonakaliswa kwendalo uqikelela oku: “Imozulu eyingozi kuquka iinkanyamba neemvula ezinkulu iseza kugqugqisa itshabalalisa esi sijikelezi-langa. Kuseza kugqugqisa indlala nezikhukula eziza kuwutshintsha ngokupheleleyo uMhlaba, nto leyo eya konakalisa imimandla egudle unxweme ize itshabalalise namahlathi.” Ngaba bukho ubungqina boko? Ukuba bukho, ibangelwa yintoni “imozulu embi neyingozi”?
[Umbhalo osemazantsi]
a Bona inqaku elithi “Yintoni IEl Niño?” kwinkupho kaVukani! ka-Aprili 8, 2000.
[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 2, 3]
Izikhukula zamanzi eJamani (ngasentla) nezaseCzech Republic (ngasekhohlo)