IBhayibhile—Incwadi Yesiprofeto Esichanileyo, Inxalenye 1

“Ndiya Kukwenza Ube Luhlanga Olukhulu”

Kolu ngcelele luneenxalenye ezisibhozo, “uVukani!” uza kuxubusha inkalo ebalaseleyo yeBhayibhile—iziprofeto zayo, okanye izinto eyazichayo. La manqaku aza kukunceda ufumane iimpendulo zale mibuzo: Ngaba iziprofeto zeBhayibhile zizinto nje ezaziqikelelwa ngabantu abakrelekrele? Ngaba ngokwenene ziphefumlelwe nguThixo? Siyakucela ukuba ukhe uhlolisise obu bungqina.

AMATHANDABUZO nokungaqiniseki—zizinto ezixhaphakileyo namhlanje yaye zityhila isizathu sokuba abanye beyithandabuza iBhayibhile. Okubuhlungu kukuba abaninzi zange khe baziphe ixesha lokuzihlolela ngokwabo le ncwadi. Basuke bakholelwe nje oko kuthethwa ngabanye ngayo. Sinethemba lokuba wena uthanda ukuzibonela. Ukuba unjalo, nceda usipheleke njengoko sibuyela emva kwixesha eliya kusinceda sibone izibakala ezingqina ukuba iBhayibhile ichanile.

Siza kuqala kwindoda esahlonelwayo ngamaKristu, amaYuda namaSilamsi. YayingumHebhere ibe yaphila ngowama-2018 ukusa kowama-1843 B.C.E.a Igama layo yayinguAbraham.b

Ezinye zeziprofeto zokuqala eziseBhayibhileni zazithetha gqitha ngoAbraham—ezi ziprofeto zibandakanya nathi namhlanje. (Funda ibhokisi ethi “Intsikelelo kuzo ‘Zonke Iintlanga.’” Ngokutsho kwencwadi yeBhayibhile yeGenesis, ezi ziprofeto ziquka ezi zinto zilandelayo: (1) Inzala ka-Abraham yayiza kuba luhlala olunamandla. (2) Ngaphambi kokuba ibe lulo, yayiza kuba ngamakhoboka kwilizwe lasemzini. (3) Yayiza kuhlangulwa ize ithabathele kuyo ilizwe lakwaKanan. Ngoku makhe siqwalasele la mazwi ngokweenkcukacha.

Iziprofeto Ezithathu Ezibalaseleyo

Isiprofeto 1: “Ndiya kukwenza ube luhlanga olukhulu [Abraham].”—Genesis 12:2.

Inzaliseko: Inzala ka-Abraham awayifumana ngoIsake noYakobi (okwabizwa ngokuba nguSirayeli) yaba luhlanga loSirayeli wamandulo—ilizwe elizimeleyo elinookumkani balo.

Oko kutyhilwa yimbali:

● IBhayibhile iwuchaza ngokweenkcukacha umnombo wentsapho ka-Abraham, kuquka inzala yakhe awayifumana ngoIsake, uYakobi noonyana bakaYakobi abali-12. Kulo mnombo kukho nookumkani abaninzi ababelawula kwaSirayeli okanye kwaYuda. Kwabo balawuli, abali-17 kuyathethwa ngabo kwiingxelo ezizimeleyo, ezingezozaBhayibhile, yaye ziyavumelana nengxelo yeBhayibhile echaza ngendlela inzala ka-Abraham ngoIsake noYakobi eyaba luhlanga ngayo.c

Isiprofeto 2: “Imbewu yakho [Abraham] iya kuba ngumphambukeli ezweni elingelolayo, yaye iya kubakhonza . . . Kodwa kwesesine isizukulwana iya kubuyela apha.”—Genesis 15:13, 16.

Inzaliseko: Ngenxa yendlala kwaKanan, izizukulwana ezine zenzala ka-Abraham zahlala eYiputa, zaqala zingabaphambukeli kodwa zaphetha sezingamakhoboka enza izitena ngodongwe nomququ. Unokucinga ngomnombo wentsapho nje enye—leyo yomzukulwana ka-Abraham uLevi, owafudukela eYiputa noyise owalupheleyo—ezi zizukulwana zine (1) nguLevi, (2) unyana wakhe uKohati, (3) umzukulwana wakhe uAmram (4) nesizukulwana sakhe uMoses. (Eksodus 6:16, 18, 20) Ngonyaka we-1513 B.C.E., uMoses wakhokela amaSirayeli ewakhupha eYiputa.—Funda isicangca samaxesha esingezantsi nebhokisi ethi “Ukugcina Amaxesha Achanileyo.”

Oko kutyhilwa yimbali:

● Ngokutsho kukaJames K. Hoffmeier, unjingalwazi weOld Testament and Near Eastern Archaeology, le mibhalo yaseYiputa nobungqina bokombiwa kwezinto zakudala kubonisa ukuba iintlanga zamaSemite (eziquka amaHebhere amandulo) zazivumelekile ukungena eYiputa nemihlambi yazo ngamaxesha endlala. Kodwa ngaba amaSirayeli aba ngamakhoboka apho, esetyenziswa ukwenza izitena?

● Nakuba iingxelo zamaYiputa zingawakhankanyi ngokungqalileyo amaSirayeli, Imifanekiso yamangcwaba alapho nemisongo ingqina ukuba amaYiputa ayesebenzisa abemi basemzini ukwenza izitena zodaka nomququ. Ngokuvisisana neBhayibhile, nazo iingxelo zamaYiputa zibonisa ukuba iinduna zalapho zazinemimiselo yezitena ezimele zenziwe. (Eksodus 5:14, 19) UHoffmeier uthi: “Iincwadi zaseYiputa zingqina ukuba abemi basemzini babenyanzelwa ngomsebenzi apho . . . ngelo xesha lokucinezelwa kwamaSirayeli. Ngamafutshane, into yokufika kwamaHebhere amandulo eYiputa . . . ngexesha lendlala aze agqibele ngokuba ngamakhoboka ibonakala ichanile.”

Isiprofeto 3: ‘Ndiza kulinika imbewu yakho ilizwe lakwaKanan liphela.’—Genesis 17:8.

Inzaliseko: Nakuba uMoses wakhokela olo hlanga lutsha lukaSirayeli elikhupha eYiputa, nguYoshuwa, unyana kaNun, owakhokela abantu wabafaka kwilizwe lakwaKanan ngowe-1473 B.C.E.

Oko kutyhilwa yimbali:

● Nakuba abembi bezinto zakudala benokwahluka kwimihla yeziganeko zabo, “simele sithethe ngokungena kwamaSirayeli kwaKanan, nokuhlala kwawo apho,” ubhala atsho uK. A. Kitchen, unjingalwazi wezinto zamandulo zaseYiputa odla umhlala phantsi.

● IBhayibhile ithi uYoshuwa “wayitshisa iHatsore [isixeko samaKanan] ngomlilo.” (Yoshuwa 11:10, 11) Kumabhodlo eso sixeko, abembi bezinto zakudala bafumana iitempile zamaKanan ezintathu ezazitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Bafumana nobungqina bokuba eso sixeko satshiswa kwiminyaka yee-1400 B.C.E. Ezi zibakala zivisisana noko kuthethwa yiBhayibhile.

● Esinye isixeko esibangela umdla yiGibheyon, ekumgama weekhilomitha ezisi-9.6 ukusuka eYerusalem. Abembi bezinto zakudala bafumanisa eso sixeko xa bafumana imiqheba yeengqayi engama-30 ibhalwe igama leso sixeko. Ngokwahlukileyo kubemi baseHatsore, amaGibheyon amandulo enza uxolo noYoshuwa. Emva koko wawanika umsebenzi wokuba ‘ngabakhi bamanzi.’ (Yoshuwa 9:3-7, 23) Kwakutheni ukuze awanike loo msebenzi? Inkcazelo efumaneka kweyesi-2 kaSamuweli 2:13 nakuYeremiya 41:12 ibonisa ukuba iGibheyon yayinamanzi amaninzi. Ngoko ke, ngokuvisisana nengxelo yeBhayibhile, iArchaeological Study Bible, New International Version ithi: “Eyona nto ibalasele ngayo iGibheyon ngamanzi ayo amaninzi: umthombo omkhulu neminye emincinane esixhenxe.”

● Ngokoqobo abantu abaliqela ekuthethwa ngabo eBhayibhile baye bangqinelwa naziingxelo zababhali-mbali abazimeleyo. Njengokuba kuye kwachazwa ngaphambili, olu ludwe luquka amagama ookumkani abali-17 abayinzala ka-Abraham abaye balawula kwaSirayeli okanye kwaYuda. Baquka uAhabhi, uAhazi, uDavide, uHezekiya, uManase noUziya. Kucacile ukuba, ubukho bezikumkani apho bubungqina obunamandla bokuba uhlanga ekuthiwa nguSirayeli lwangena lwaza lwahlala kwilizwe lakwaKanan.

● Ngowe-1896, abaphengululi bafumana ilitye lesikhumbuzo iMerneptah Stele eThebes, eYiputa. Kweli litye kuqhayiswa ngephulo lomkhosi kaFaro Merneptah esiya kwaKanan malunga nowama-1210 B.C.E. Linengxelo yokuqala eyaziwayo engekho seBhayibhile ethetha ngoSirayeli, nto leyo ixhasa ngakumbi ubukho bolu hlanga.

Inkcazelo Eneenkcukacha Iluncedo

Njengokuba siye sabona, iBhayibhile ineenkcukacha ezininzi nezingqalileyo ngabantu, iindawo neziganeko. Ezo nkcukacha zisinceda sikwazi ukuthelekisa iBhayibhile nezinye iingxelo ezingaphumi eBhayibhileni, zisinceda siqiniseke ngokuzaliseka kweziprofeto zeBhayibhile. Ngokuphathelele uAbraham nembewu yakhe, izibakala zibonisa ukuba izithembiso zikaThixo zazaliseka—imbewu ka-Abraham yaba lulo uhlanga, yaba ngamakhoboka eYiputa yaza kamva yahlala kwaKanan. Konke oku kusikhumbuza ngamazwi ombhali weBhayibhile uPetros, owavuma ngokuzithoba wathi: “Isiprofeto asizange nangaliphi na ixesha siziswe ngokuthanda komntu, kodwa abantu bathetha ngokuphuma kuThixo njengoko babeqhutywa ngumoya oyingcwele.”—2 Petros 1:21.

Kwiinkulungwane ezalandela ukuhlala kukaSirayeli kwaKanan, imbali yolo hlanga yatshintsha gqitha, lwafumana imiphumo ebuhlungu. Nayo le miphumo yayixelwe kwangaphambili ngababhali beBhayibhile, njengokuba inkupho yethu elandelayo iza kubonisa.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 17]

INTSIKELELO KUZO “ZONKE IINTLANGA”

UThixo wathembisa ukuba abantu bazo “zonke iintlanga” babeya kuzizuzela iintsikelelo ngembewu ka-Abraham. (Genesis 22:18) Esona sizathu sokuba uThixo enze inzala ka-Abraham ibe luhlanga yayikukuze aphume kuyo uMesiya, owayeza kunikela ngobomi bakhe ngenxa yalo lonke uluntu.d Ngoko ke, nawe ubandakanyekile kwisithembiso esenziwa nguThixo kuAbraham! UYohane 3:16 uthi: “UThixo walithanda kakhulu ihlabathi kangangokuba wanikela ngoNyana wakhe okuphela kwamzeleyo, ukuze wonk’ ubani obonisa ukholo kuye angatshabalali kodwa abe nobomi obungunaphakade.”

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 17]

UKUGCINA AMAXESHA ACHANILEYO

Umzekelo wokubaluleka kokugcina ixesha oseBhayibhileni uboniswa kweyoku-1 yooKumkani 6:1, echaza ixesha lokuqalisa kukaKumkani uSolomon ukwakha itempile yaseYerusalem. Sifunda oku: “Kwathi ngonyaka wamakhulu amane anamashumi asibhozo emva kokuba oonyana bakaSirayeli bephumile kwilizwe laseYiputa, kunyaka wesine, ngenyanga kaZivi, oko kukuthi, inyanga yesibini, emva kokuba uSolomon ebe ngukumkani kwaSirayeli, wamakhela uYehova indlu.”

Ubalo maxesha lweziganeko ekuthethwa ngazo eBhayibhileni lubonisa ukuba unyaka wesine wolawulo lukaSolomon yayingowe-1034 B.C.E. xa sibala iminyaka engama-479 siye emva sifika kowe-1513 B.C.E. njengonyaka weMfuduko yamaSirayeli.

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 18]

UABRAHAM—UMNTU OWAYEPHILA NGOKWENENE

● Amacwecwe odongwe awabhalwa kwinkulungwane yesibini ngaphambi kweXesha Eliqhelekileyo anoludwe lwezixeko ezithiywe ngamagama afanayo nalawo ezihlobo zika-Abraham. Ezi zixeko ziquka iPelege, iSerugi, iNahore, iTera, neHaran.—Genesis 11:17-32.

● KwiGenesis 11:31, siva ukuba uAbraham nentsapho yakhe bafuduka “eUre yamaKhaledi.” Amabhodlo esi sixeko afunyanwa kumzantsi-mpuma weIraq. IBhayibhile iphinda ithi uyise ka-Abraham, uTera, wafela kwaHaran, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba sikuloo mmandla weTurkey, kwanokuba umfazi wakhe uSara, wafela eHebron, esinye sezona zixeko zidala sisenabantu abahlala kuso nanamhlanje kuMbindi Mpuma.—Genesis 11:32; 23:2.

[Isicangca esikwiphepha 16, 17]

(Ukuba ufuna inkcazelo ehlahlelwe kakuhle, yiya kwimpapasho)

AMAXESHA EZIGANEKO ZEMBEWU KA-ABRAHAM NEMFUDUKO KASIRAYELI

Izizukulwana ezine zenzala ka-Abraham

ULevi

UAmram

UMoses

(B.C.E.)

1843 UAbraham uyafa

1728 UYakobi ufudukela eYiputa nentsapho yakhe

1711 UYakobi uyafa

1657 UYosefu uyafa

1593 UMoses uyazalwa

1513 UMoses ukhokela uSirayeli amkhuphe eYiputa

1473 UMoses uyafa. UYoshuwa ukhokela amaSirayeli awangenise kwilizwe lakwaKanan

Ixesha LaBagwebi

1711 USamuweli uthambisa uSawule ukuze abe ngukumkani wokuqala kwaSirayeli

1107 UDavide uyazalwa

1070 UDavide uba ngukumkani kwaSirayeli

1034 USolomon uqalisa ukwakha itempile

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 17]

Eli litye linombhalo othi “INdlu kaDavide” lelinye lemithombo echaza ookumkani bomnombo ka-Abraham nababelawula kwaSirayeli okanye kwaYuda

[Inkcazelo]

© Israel Museum, Jerusalem/The Bridgeman Art Library International