Umbono Webhayibheli

Ingabe UMariya “UnguNina KaNkulunkulu”?

“SIPHEPHELA NGAPHANSI KWESIVIKELO SOMUSA WAKHO, OH NINA KANKULUNKULU; UNGAKWENQABI UKUNXUSA KWETHU LAPHO SISWELE KODWA USISINDISE EKULAHLWENI KWAPHAKADE, OH WENA WEDWA OBUSISIWEYO.”

UMTHANDAZO onjena uveza imizwa yezigidi zamadoda nabesifazane abazinikele kuMariya, unina kaJesu Kristu. Kubona ungumama onomusa ongabakhulumela noNkulunkulu futhi ngandlela-thile anqande izahlulelo zaKhe kubo.

Nokho, ingabe ngempela uMariya “unguNina kaNkulunkulu”?

UMariya—‘Waboniswa Umusa Omkhulu’ UNkulunkulu

Ngokungangabazeki uMariya ‘waboniswa umusa omkhulu’—eqinisweni, waboniswa umusa omkhulu ngaphezu kwanoma imuphi omunye wesifazane owake waphila. (Luka 1:28, The Jerusalem Bible) Ingelosi uGabriyeli yabonakala kuye futhi yachaza indlela ayeyoba nelungelo ngayo. Yathi: “Lalela! Uzokhulelwa ubelethe indodana, futhi kumelwe uyiqambe ngokuthi uJesu. Iyoba nkulu ibizwe ngokuthi iNdodana yoPhezukonke.” Sasingenzeka kanjani lesi senzakalo esimangalisayo? UGabriyeli waqhubeka: “UMoya Ongcwele uyofika phezu kwakho, . . . futhi amandla oPhezukonke ayokusibekela ngesithunzi sawo. Kanjalo umntwana uyoba ngcwele abizwe ngokuthi iNdodana kaNkulunkulu.”—Luka 1:31, 32, 35, JB.

“‘Ngiyincekukazi yeNkosi,’ kusho uMariya, ‘lokho okushilo makwenzeke kimi.’” (Luka 1:38, JB) Ngakho uMariya wasamukela lesi siqondiso saphezulu futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wabeletha uJesu.

Nokho, phakathi namakhulu eminyaka ambalwa alandela, abantu abazinikele kuye bamphakamisa kusuka ekubeni ‘incekukazi ethobekile yeNkosi’ bamnikeza isikhundla sokuba “umama oyindlovukazi” onethonya elinamandla ezulwini. Abaholi besonto bambiza ngokomthetho ngokuthi “uNina kaNkulunkulu” ngo-431 C.E. eMkhandlwini Wase-Efesu. Yini eyabangela lolu shintsho? UPapa John Paul II uchaza esinye isici: “Ukuzinikela kweqiniso kuNina kaNkulunkulu . . . kusekelwe ngokuqinile eMfihlakalweni KaZiqu-zintathu Ongcwele.”—I-Crossing the Threshold of Hope.

Ngakho-ke, ukwamukela uMariya ‘njengoNina kaNkulunkulu’ kuxhomeke ekukholelweni kuZiqu-zintathu. Nokho, ingabe uZiqu-zintathu uyimfundiso yeBhayibheli?a Siza uhlole lokho umphostoli uPetru akuloba eBhayibhelini. Waxwayisa ngokuthi “abafundisi bamanga . . . ngesinyenyela bayongenisa izimfundiso zamanga eziyingozi [futhi] bayozama ukunixhaphaza nani ngobufakazi-mbumbulu babo.” (2 Petru 2:1, 3, The New Testament in Modern English, kaJ. B. Phillips) Enye yezimfundiso zokuhlubuka kwakuyimfundiso kaZiqu-zintathu. Lapho seyamukelwe, umbono wokuthi uMariya ‘wayenguNina kaNkulunkulu’ (ngesiGreki: Theotokos, okusho “ozele uNkulunkulu”) waba nengqondo kakhulu. Encwadini yakhe ethi The Virgin, uGeoffrey Ashe uthi “uma uKristu ayenguNkulunkulu, uMuntu Wesibili kaZiqu-zintathu,” njengoba kubonisa abakholelwa kuZiqu-zintathu, “khona-ke unina [kaKristu] lapho esengumuntu wayenguNina kaNkulunkulu.”

Ukuba uJesu ‘wayenguNkulunkulu ngokuphelele,’ njengoba kusho i-Catechism of the Catholic Church entsha, khona-ke uMariya wayengabizwa ngokufanelekile ngokuthi “uNina kaNkulunkulu.” Nokho, kumelwe kushiwo ukuthi abantu bokuqala abaningi ababekholelwa kuZiqu-zintathu bakuthola kunzima ukwamukela lemfundiso lapho iphakanyiswa okokuqala—njengoba kunjalo nangamaProthestani akholelwa kuZiqu-zintathu namuhla. Iye yabizwa ngokuthi “indida engokwenkolo, ‘lowo amazulu ayengenakumanela wangena esizalweni [sikaMariya].’” (The Virgin)—Qhathanisa neyoku-1 AmaKhosi 8:27.

Kodwa ingabe ngempela uJesu Kristu ‘unguNkulunkulu ngokuphelele’? Cha, akazange asho kanjalo. Kunalokho, wayesiqaphela njalo isikhundla sakhe esingaphansi kukaYise.—Bheka uMathewu 26:39; Marku 13:32; Johane 14:28; 1 Korinte 15:27, 28.

‘Khulekelani Ngendlela Efanele Abantu Abacabangayo’

Nokho, iBhayibheli likhuthaza amaKristu ukuba asebenzise amandla awo okucabanga ekukhulekeleni. Asitshelwa ukuba simane sikholelwe lokho okufihlwa ngokuthi kuyimfihlakalo. Kunalokho, umphostoli uPawulu uthi kufanele ‘sikhulekele ngendlela efanele abantu abacabangayo.’—Roma 12:1, JB.

“Sasingakhuthazwa neze ukuba sicabange ngakho,” kusho u-Anne, owakhuliswa njengomKatolika. “Sasingakungabazi. Sasikholelwa nje ekutheni uJesu unguNkulunkulu, ngakho uMariya ‘wayenguNina kaNkulunkulu’—kwakuyinqaba ngempela!” Khumbula, i-Catechism of the Catholic Church ithi ilungu ngalinye ‘loBunye baphezulu’ ‘linguNkulunkulu ngokuphelele.’ Ithi abekho onkulunkulu abathathu abahlukene. Khona-ke, ingabe kufanele sikholelwe ukuthi njengoba amangqamuzana aphilayo esizalweni sikaMariya ayeqhubeka ekhula, “uNkulunkulu ophelele” wayewumbungu okwathi phakathi nenyanga yokuqala uMariya ekhulelwe wakhula waba ingxenye yesentimitha ubude futhi waba namehlo nezindlebe ezingasebenzi ngokuphelele?

Khumbula ukuthi ingelosi uGabriyeli yatshela uMariya ukuthi umntanakhe wayeyobizwa ngokuthi “iNdodana yoPhezukonke” nangokuthi “iNdodana kaNkulunkulu,” hhayi “uNkulunkulu iNdodana.” Eqinisweni, ukuba uJesu wayenguNkulunkulu uMninimandla onke, kungani ingelosi uGabriyeli ingazange isebenzise igama elisetshenziswa abantu abakholelwa kuZiqu-zintathu namuhla—“uNkulunkulu iNdodana”? UGabriyeli akazange alisebenzise lelo gama ngoba lemfundiso ayitholakali eBhayibhelini.

Yiqiniso, asiyiqondi ngokuphelele imisebenzi kaNkulunkulu. Kodwa ukuyiqonda ngokufanele imiBhalo kusisiza ukuba sikholelwe ukuthi uNkulunkulu uMninimandla onke, uMdali wakho konke okuphilayo, wayenamandla okudlulisela ngokuyisimangaliso ukuphila kweNdodana yakhe ethandekayo, uJesu Kristu, esizalweni sikaMariya abese evikela ukukhula kwako ngamandla aKhe asebenzayo, noma umoya ongcwele, kuze kube yilapho uMariya eba unina kaJesu—iNdodana kaNkulunkulu.

Yebo, uMariya wabusiswa kakhulu ngokuba unina walowo owaba uKristu. Akukhona ukumeya ukwamukela ukuthi imfundiso ecacile yeBhayibheli—kuhlanganise nomlando wokuthobeka kukaMariya ngokwakhe—iyakulahla ukumnikeza isiqu esithi “uNina kaNkulunkulu.”

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 26]

Museo del Prado, Madrid