Sigcine Kale
Kufanele Ngizibheke Kanjani Izingxenyana Zegazi Nezinqubo Zokwelapha Ezihilela Ukusetshenziswa Kwegazi Lami?
IBhayibheli liyala amaKristu ukuba ‘adede egazini.’ (IzE. 15:20) Ngakho, oFakazi BakaJehova abakwamukeli ukumpontshelwa igazi noma izingxenye zalo ezine eziyinhloko—okungukuthi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe, ama-platelet ne-plasma. Abathekelisi ngegazi noma bagcine elabo ukuze limpontshelwe kubo kamuva.—Lev. 17:13, 14; IzE. 15:28, 29.
Ziyini izingxenyana zegazi, futhi kungani umKristu ngamunye kumelwe azinqumele endabeni yokusetshenziswa kwazo?
Izingxenyana zegazi yizingxenye ezithathwe egazini ezikhishwa ngenqubo okuthiwa i-fractionation (ukuhlukaniswa ngezingxenye). Ngokwesibonelo, i-plasma, engenye yezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko zegazi, ingahlukaniswa ibe yizinto ezilandelayo: amanzi, angaba amaphesenti angu-91; amaprotheni, njengama-albumin, ama-globulin ne-fibrinogen, angaba amaphesenti angu-7; ezinye izinto, njengezakhi, ama-hormone, amagesi, amavithamini, ukungcola, nama-electrolyte, ezingaba amaphesenti angu-1,5.
Ingabe lezi zingxenyana nazo ziyangena ngaphansi komyalo wokuba sidede egazini? Asiqiniseki. IBhayibheli alinikezi isiqondiso esicacile endabeni yezingxenyana zegazi.a Kuyiqiniso ukuthi izingxenyana eziningi zithathwe egazini elithekeliswe ngenjongo yokwelapha. UmKristu ngamunye kufanele enze isinqumo esiqondiswa unembeza sokuthi uyokwamukela yini noma cha ukwelashwa ngalezi zinto.
Lapho wenza izinqumo ezinjalo, cabangela le mibuzo elandelayo: Ingabe ngiyaqaphela yini ukuthi ukwenqaba zonke izingxenyana zegazi kusho ukuthi ngeke ngiyamukele imithi ethile, njengaleyo elwa namagciwane noma izifo noma esiza ekujiyiseni igazi ukuze kunqandwe ukopha? Ngingakwazi yini ukuchazela udokotela ukuthi kungani ngenqaba noma ngamukela ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenyana ezithile zegazi?
Kungani ezinye izinqubo ezihilela ukwelashwa ngegazi lami ziyisinqumo somuntu siqu?
Nakuba amaKristu engathekelisi ngegazi noma agcine elawo ukuze limpontshelwe kuwo kamuva, ezinye izinqubo noma izindlela zokuhlola ezihilela igazi lomuntu azingqubuzani ngokuqondile nezimiso zeBhayibheli. Ngakho-ke, umuntu ngamunye kufanele enze isinqumo esiqondiswa unembeza sokuthi uzozamukela yini izinqubo ezithile zokwelapha ezihilela ukusetshenziswa kwegazi lakhe.
Lapho wenza izinqumo ezinjalo, zibuze le mibuzo elandelayo: Uma ingxenye ethile yegazi lami izokhishwa emzimbeni futhi ukujikeleza kwalo kuphazamiseke okwesikhathi esithile, ingabe unembeza wami uyongivumela ukuba ngibheke lelo gazi njengeliseyingxenye yami, kanjalo kungadingeki ukuba ‘lithululelwe emhlabathini’? (Dut. 12:23, 24) Ingabe unembeza wami oqeqeshwe ngeBhayibheli ubuyophazamiseka uma phakathi nenqubo ethile yokwelapha kukhishwa ingxenye ethile yegazi lami, yenziwe okuthile, bese ibuyiselwa emzimbeni wami? Ingabe ngiyaqaphela ukuthi ukwenqaba zonke izinqumo zokwelapha ezihilela ukusetshenziswa kwegazi lami kusho ukuthi ngiyazenqaba izinqubo zokwelapha ezinjengomshini ohlanza igazi (dialysis) noma ukusetshenziswa komshini wenhliziyo namaphaphu oxhunyelelwayo (heart-lung machine)? Ingabe ngiye ngathandaza ngale ndaba ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo?b
Siyini isinqumo sami?
Cabangela amafomu amabili asemakhasini alandelayo. IFomu 1 linohlu lwezinye zezingxenyana ezikhishwe egazini nendlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa ngayo kwezokwelapha. Bonisa ukuthi ukhethani, ukuthi uzokwamukela yini ukusetshenziswa kwengxenyana ngayinye esohlwini. IFomu 2 linohlu lwezinye zezinqubo ezivamile zokwelapha ezihilela ukusetshenziswa kwelakho igazi. Gcwalisa lokho okukhethayo, ukuthi uzozamukela yini lezi zinqubo noma cha. La mafomu awawona amafomu angokomthetho, kodwa izimpendulo ozibhala kuwo ungazisebenzisela ukugcwalisa ikhadi lakho le-DPA (durable power of attorney).
Nguwe okufanele uzenzele izinqumo, futhi akufanele zisekelwe kunembeza womunye umuntu. Ngokufanayo, akekho okufanele agxeke izinqumo zomunye umKristu. Kulezi zindaba, “yilowo nalowo uyothwala owakhe umthwalo” wemfanelo.—Gal. 6:4, 5.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Ukwaziswa okuwusizo kule ndaba kutholakala kuyi-Nqabayokulinda ka-June 15, 2004, amakhasi 29-31.
b Ukwaziswa okuwusizo ngale ndaba kutholakala kuyi-Nqabayokulinda ka-October 15, 2000, amakhasi 30-1 nakuyi-video noma i-DVD ethi Transfusion Alternatives—Documentary Series—On DVD.
[Ishadi ekhasini 5]
Ifomu 1
AZAMUKELEKI ISINQUMO OKUFANELE UZENZELE SONA
KUMAKRISTU
IGAZI LILONKE IZINGXENYANA ZEGAZI Izingxenyana
Okufanele
Ukhethe Kuzo
I-Plasma I-ALBUMIN—YAKHA CISHE
AMAPHESENTI AMANE
E-PLASMA
Iprotheni ekhishwa kuyi-plasma.
Kunezinhlobo ze-albumin
ezitholakala nasezitshalweni,
ekudleni okunjengobisi
namaqanda, kanye ․․ Ngiyayamukela
nasobisini lwebele i-albumin noma
kumama. Ngezinye ․․ Ngiyayenqaba
izikhathi i-albumin i-albumin
ekhishwe egazini
isetshenziswa emithini
eyandisa umthamo
wegazi lapho umuntu
ophe kakhulu engozini
noma eshe kakhulu.
Le mithi ingase ibe
namaphesenti angu-25
e-albumin. Ingcosana
yayo iyasetshenziswa
ekwenziweni kweminye
imithi eminingi, kuhlanganise
nezinye izingxube
ze-erythropoietin (EPO).
AMA-IMMUNOGLOBULIN—AKHA
AMAPHESENTI ANGABA MATHATHU E-PLASMA
Izingxenyana zamaprotheni
ezingase zisetshenziswe
emithini ethile elwa
namagciwane nezifo, ․․ Ngiyawamukela
njengoklilo (diptheria), ama-immunoglobulin
umhlathi-ngqi (tetanus), noma
ukusha kwesibindi namarabi. ․․ Ngiyawenqaba
Zingasetshenziswa ama-immunoglobulin
nasekunqandeni ezinye
izifo ezisongela ukuphila
kombungu nokuqeda isihlungu
senyoka noma sesicabucabu.
IZITHAKO EZINQANDA UKOPHA—ZAKHA
INGXENYE ENGAPHANSI KWEPHESENTI
ELILODWA YE-PLASMA
Kunamaprotheni ahlukahlukene
ajiyisa igazi ukuze
kunqandeke ukopha.
Amanye anikezwa iziguli ․․ Ngiyazamukela
ezivame ukopha kalula. izithako
Asetshenziswa nasezintweni ezinqanda
zokwelapha ukophaezenziwe
zokunamathelisa ngegazi
okuvalwa ngazo amanxeba noma
futhi kunqandwe ngazo ․․ Ngiyazenqaba
ukopha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. izithako
Enye inhlanganisela yalezi ezinqanda
zithako kuthiwa ukopha ezenziwe
i-cryoprecipitate. ngegazi
Phawula: Ezinye izithako
ezinqanda ukopha manje
zenziwa ngezinto
ezingathathwanga egazini.
AMANGQAMUZANA I-HEMOGLOBIN—YAKHA AMAPHESENTI
ABOMVU ANGU-33 AMANGQAMUZANA
Iprotheni ethutha umoya-mpilo
kuwo wonke umzimba,
iyise nesikhutha
emaphashini. ․․ Ngiyayamukela
Imikhiqizo eyenziwa i-hemoglobin noma
nge-hemoglobin ․․ Ngiyayenqaba
yabantu noma i-hemoglobin
yezilwane ingase
isetshenziswe ekwelapheni
iziguli ezintula igazi
noma ezophe kakhulu.
I-HEMIN—YAKHA AMAPHESENTI
ANGAPHANSI KWAMABILI
Isithako esinqanda inqubo
yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali
kumaprotheni esithathwe
kuyi-hemoglobin
esisetshenziselwa ․․ Ngiyayamukela
ukwelapha izifo i-hemin noma
eziningana zofuzo ․․ Ngiyayenqaba
ezisegazini i-hemin
(ezaziwa ngokuthi
i-porphyria) ezithinta
isimiso esigaya ukudla,
sezinzwa nesokujikeleza
kwegazi.
AMANGQAMUZANA AMA-INTERFERON—INGXENYANA
AMHLOPHE ENCANE YAMANGQAMUZANA AMHLOPHE
Amaprotheni alwa nezifo ezithile
zamagciwane kanye nomdlavuza. ․․ Ngiyawamukelaama
Ama-interferon amaningi -interferon noma
awenziwa ngegazi. Amanye ․․ Ngiyawenqaba
enziwa ngezingxenyana ama-interferon
zamangqamuzana amhlophe enziwe ngegazi
egazi lomuntu.
AMA- PLATELET Okwamanje, azikho izingxenyana
zama-platelet ezikhishwayo ukuze
zisetshenziswe ngokuqondile
ekwelapheni.
[Ishadi ekhasini 6]
IFOMU 2
ISINQUMO OKUFANELE UZENZELE SONA
IZINQUBO EZIHILELA UKUSETSHENZISWA KWELAKHO IGAZI
*Phawula: Izindlela zokusebenzisa ngayinye yalezi zinqubo zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngodokotela. Cela udokotela wakho ukuba achaze ngokucacile ukuthi yini ehilelekile kunoma iyiphi inqubo ehlongozwayo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ivumelana nezimiso zeBhayibheli kanye nezinqumo zakho ozenza ngenxa kanembeza.
INQUBO LOKHO EKWENZAYO Izinqubo Zokwelashwa
YOKWELAPHA Okufanele Ukhethe
Kuzo
(Kungaba kuhle uxoxe
nodokotela wakho
kokuba wamukele noma
wenqabe lezizinqubo.)
UKUHLENGWA Kunciphisa ukopha.
KWAMANGQAMU- Lapho umuntu ehlinzwa,
ZANA kunqandwa igazi ngaphambi ․․ Ngiyakwamukela
enxebeni noma lapho ․․ Ngingase
umzimba uvuleke khona. ngikwamukele*
Liyahlanzwa noma ․․ Ngiyakwenqaba
licwengwe bese
libuyiselwa esigulini,
mhlawumbe ngokugcinwa
lijikeleza.
UKUHLANJULULWA Kunciphisa ukopha.
KWEGAZI Lapho uhlinzwa, igazi
liyaphambukiswa
lingene ezikhwameni
bese esikhundleni
salo kufakwa uketshezi
olungenagazi olwandisa ․․ Ngiyayamukela
umthamo woketshezi ․․ Ngingase
emzimbeni. Kanjalo ngiyamukele*
igazi elisala emzimbeni ․․ Ngiyayenqaba
wesiguli lapho
sisahlinzwa liyahlanjululwa,
libe namangqamuzana
abomvu egazi ambalwa.
Lapho kuhlinzwa noma
lapho sekuqediwe, igazi
eliphambukisiwe
libuyiselwa esigulini.
UMSHINI Ugcina igazi lijikeleza
WENHLIZIYO Igazi liphambukiselwa
NAMAPHAPHU emshininiwenhliziyo ․․ Ngiyayamukela
OXHUNYELELWAYO. namaphaphu ․․ Ngingase
oxhunyelelwayo lapho ngiwamukele*
lifakwa khona ․․ Ngiyawenqaba
umoya-mpilo bese
libuyiselwa esigulini.
UMSHINI Usebenza njengesitho somzimba.
WOKUHLANZA Kule nqubo,igazi ․․ Ngiyawamukela
IGAZI (DIALYSIS) lijikeleza emshinini ․․ Ngingase
olicwengayo bese ․․ ngiyawamukele*
ulihlanza ngaphambi ․․ Ngiyawenqaba
kokuba libuyele esigulini.
UMJOVO WEGAZI Unqanda uketshezi lomhlandla oluvuzayo.
EMHLANDLEN Isiguli sijovwa ngengcosana
(EPIDURALBLOOD yegazi la so olwelwesini
PATCH) oluzungeze umhlandla. ․․ Ngiyawamukela
Usetshenziselwa ․․ Ngingase
ukuvala imbotshana ․․ ngiwamukele*
evuzayo ekhipha ․․ Ngiyawenqaba
uketshezi lomhlandla.
I-PLASMAPHERESIS Yelapha ukugula.
Kukhishwa igazi licwengwe
kukhishwe i-plasma.
Kunezelwa isithako
esithile esikhundleni
se-plasma, bese lelo ․․ Ngiyawamukela
gazi libuyiselwa ․․ Ngingase
esigulini. Abanye ngiwamukele*
odokotela bangase ․․ Ngiyawenqaba
bafune ukusebenzisa
i-plasma yomunye umuntu
esikhundleni se-plasma
yesiguli. Uma kunjalo,
le nqubo ngeke yamukeleke
kumKristu.
UKUFAKA IGAZI Isetshenziselwa ukuhlonzwa
UPHAWU (LABELING) kwesifo noma ukuselapha.
Kukhishwa igazi elithile,
lixutshwe nomuthi, ․․ Ngiyawamukela
bese libuyiselwa ․․ Ngingase
esigulini. Ukuthi ․․ ngiwamukele*
igazi liyoba ․․ Ngiyawenqaba
ngaphandle komzimba
isikhathi eside
kangakanani, kuyahlukahluka.
UJENGEZI Luvala amanxeba, futhi lunciphisa ukopha.
IWAMA-PLATELET; Kukhishwa igazi elithile bese
OLWENZIWE lifakwa ama-platelet
NGEGAZI LAKHO knamangqamuzana
amhlophe amaningi ․․ Ngiyawamukela
ukuze lijiye. Lolu ․․ Ngingase
etshezi lugcotshwa ngiwamukele*
ezindaweni ebezihlinzwa ․․ Ngiyawenqaba
noma emanxebeni.
Phawula: Kwezinye izingxube,
kusetshenziswa igazi
lenkomo lapho kwenziwa
isithako esinqanda ukopha.