Incwadi YeBhayibheli Ye-10—2 Samuweli

Abalobi: UGadi noNathani

Yalotshelwa: KwaIsrayeli

Ukuloba Kwaphela: Ciche ngo-1040 B.C.E.

Isikhathi Esihlanganisiwe: 1077–cishe ku-1040 B.C.E.

 1. Incwadi kaSamuweli wesiBili iqalisa kunasiphi isimo, futhi ukulandisa kwayo kuthuthuka kanjani?

ISIZWE sakwaIsrayeli sasikhathazekile ngenxa yenhlekelele yaseGilibowa kanye nokuhlasela okuyimiphumela kwamaFilisti ayenqoba. Abaholi bakwaIsrayeli kanye nezinsizwa zekhethelo kwakudindilizile. Kulesisimo “ogcotshiweyo kaJehova” osemusha, uDavide indodana kaJese, waqala ukuvelela esizweni. (2 Sam. 19:​21) Iqala kanjalo-ke incwadi yesiBili kaSamuweli, engase ibizwe ngokufanelekile ngokuthi incwadi kaJehova noDavide. Ukulandisa kwayo kugcwele izenzakalo ezinhlobonhlobo. Sisuswa ekunqotshweni okuyihlazo silethwa esiqongweni sokunqoba, kusukela ekucindezelekeni kwesizwe esihlukaniswe impi kuya ekuchumeni kombuso obumbene, kusukela ebungqabavwini bobusha kuya ekuhlakanipheni kweminyaka yokuguga. Lona umlando oningiliziwe wokuphila kukaDavide njengoba ayephishekela ukulandela uJehova ngayo yonke inhliziyo yakhe.a Uwukulandisa okumelwe kubangele ukuba umfundi ngamunye ahlole inhliziyo yakhe ukuze aqinise ubuhlobo nokuma kwakhe siqu noMdali wakhe.

 2. (a) Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi lencwadi ibizwe ngokuthi uSamuweli wesiBili? (b) Babengobani abalobi, zaziyini izimfanelo zabo, futhi imuphi umbhalo ogciniwe okuwukuphela kwawo ababefuna ukuwulondoloza?

² Eqinisweni, igama likaSamuweli aliphathwa nokuphathwa embhalweni ogciniwe kaSamuweli wesiBili, ngokusobala lencwadi yanikezwa leligama ngenxa yokuthi kuqala yayiwumqingo noma umqulu ohlangene noSamuweli wokuQala. Abaprofethi uNathani noGadi, abaqedela ukuloba uSamuweli wokuQala, baqhubeka nokuloba wonke uSamuweli wesiBili. (1 IziKr. 29:​29) Babewufanelekela kahle lomsebenzi. UGadi wayenoDavide lapho ayengumxoshwa ozingelwayo kwaIsrayeli, futhi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engu-40 yokubusa kukaDavide wayesasebenzelana eduze neNkosi. UGadi uyena owasetshenziswa ukuba azwakalise ukungajabuli kukaJehova ngoDavide ngenxa yokubala uIsrayeli ngobuwula. (1 Sam. 22:⁠5; 2 Sam. 24:​1-25) Umsebenzi kaNathani umprofethi, umngane oseduze kaDavide ungenela futhi weqele ngalé kwesikhathi sokuphila kukaGadi. Waba nelungelo lokumemezela isivumelwano esibalulekile sikaJehova noDavide, isivumelwano sombuso waphakade. Ngesibindi nangaphansi kokuphefumlelwa, nguye futhi owaveza isono esikhulu sikaDavide esasihilela uBati-Sheba kanye nesahlulelo saso. (2 Sam. 7:​1-17; 12:​1-15) Ngaleyondlela uJehova wasebenzisa uNathani, ogama lakhe lisho ukuthi “[UNkulunkulu] Uphile,” noGadi, ogama lakhe lisho ukuthi “Inhlanhla,” ukuba balobe ukwaziswa okuphefumlelwe nokuyinzuzo kuSamuweli wesiBili. Lezazi-mlando ezazingaziphakamisi azizange zifune ukuba zilondoloze ukukhunjulwa kwazo, njengoba kungekho kwaziswa okunikeziwe ngokhokho bazo noma ukuphila kwazo siqu. Zafuna nje kuphela ukulondoloza umbhalo ophefumlelwe uNkulunkulu, ukuze kuzuze abakhulekeli bakaJehova besikhathi esizayo.

 3. Iyiphi inkathi ehlanganiswa incwadi kaSamuweli wesiBili, futhi ukulotshwa kwayo kwaphela nini?

³ USamuweli wesiBili uhlanganisa ukulandisa komlando weBhayibheli onembile wangemva kokufa kukaSawule, inkosi yokuqala yakwaIsrayeli, futhi uqhubeka nawo uze ufike eduze nokuphela kokubusa kukaDavide kweminyaka engu-40. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esihlanganisiwe sisukela ku-1077 B.C.E. kuya cishe ku-1040 B.C.E. Iqiniso lokuthi lencwadi ayinawo umbhalo ogciniwe wokufa kukaDavide liwubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi yabhalwa cishe ngo-1040 B.C.E., noma ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe.

 4. Kungenxa yaziphi izizathu incwadi kaSamuweli wesiBili kumelwe yamukelwe njengeyingxenye yezincwadi zeBhayibheli?

⁴ Ngezizathu ezifanayo nalezo ezinikezwe ngokuphathelene noSamuweli wokuQala, lencwadi kaSamuweli wesiBili kumelwe yamukelwe njengengxenye yohlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli. Ukuthembeka kwayo akungatshazwa. Bona kanye ubuqotho bayo, ukudalula, ngisho nezono zeNkosi uDavide kanye nokushiyeka kwayo, kuwubufakazi obuqand’ ikhanda.

 5. Isiphi isizathu esinamandla kakhulu sokwamukela uSamuweli wesiBili njengomBhalo ophefumlelwe?

⁵ Nokho, ubufakazi obuqine kakhulu bokuthembeka kukaSamuweli wesiBili butholakala eziprofethweni ezigcwalisekile, ikakhululazi lezo eziphathelene nesivumelwano soMbuso noDavide. UNkulunkulu wathembisa uDavide: “Indlu yakho nombuso wakho kuyakuqiniswa njalo phambi kwakho; isihlalo sakho sobukhosi siyakumiswa kuze kube-phakade.” (7:​16) UJeremiya, ngisho nangesikhathi sokuntengantenga kombuso wakwaJuda, wakhuluma ngokuqhubeka kwalesithembiso endlini kaDavide ngalamazwi: “Ngokuba usho kanje uJehova, uthi: Akuyikunqunywa kuDavide umuntu oyakuhlala esihlalweni sobukhosi sendlu kaIsrayeli.” (Jer. 33:​17) Lesiprofetho siye sagcwaliseka, ngoba uJehova kamuva waveza kwaJuda ‘uJesu Kristu, indodana kaDavide,’ njengoba iBhayibheli likufakazela ngokucacile.​—⁠Math. 1:⁠1.

OKUQUKETHWE INCWADI KASAMUWELI WESIBILI

 6. UDavide usabela kanjani lapho ezwa izindaba zokufa kukaSawule noJonathani?

⁶ Izenzakalo zokuqala zokubusa kukaDavide (1:⁠1–4:​12). Ngemva kokufa kukaSawule eNtabeni yaseGilibowa, umbaleki ongum-Amaleki ovela empini uza kuDavide eSikilagi egijima ephethe umbiko. Enethemba lokuthola umusa kuDavide, uqamba indaba yokuthi uyena obulale uSawule. Esikhundleni sokuba atuswe, um-Amaleki wamukela kuphela umvuzo wokufa, ngoba uzilahle ngokwakhe ngokunikeza ubufakazi bokuthi ubulale “ogcotshiweyo kaJehova.” (1:​16) Manje inkosi entsha, uDavide, iqamba ingoma yesililo, ethi “eyoMnsalo,” kuyo ikhalela ukufa kukaSawule noJonathani. Lokhu kufinyelela umvuthwandaba omuhle ngamazwi ayo athinta inhliziyo othando oluchichimayo lukaDavide ngoJonathani: “Ngidabukile ngawe-mfowethu Jonathani; wawumnandi kakhulu kimi; lwaluyisimangaliso kimi uthando lwakho, ludlula uthando lwabesifazane. Yeka ukuwa kwamaqhawe, nokuphela kwezikhali zokulwa!”​—⁠1:​17, 18, 26, 27.

 7. Yiziphi ezinye izenzakalo eziphawula ingxenye yokuqala yokubusa kukaDavide?

⁷ Ngesiqondiso sikaJehova, uDavide namadoda akhe bathutha imikhaya yabo baya eHebroni ezweni lakwaJuda. Lapha izikhulu zesizwe ziyafika ukuze zigcobe uDavide njengenkosi yazo ngo-1077 B.C.E. Induna yamabutho uJowabe iba ngomunye wabasekeli abavelele bakaDavide. Nokho, njengembangi yobukhosi phezu kwesizwe, uIshi-Bosheti, indodana kaSawule, ugcotshwa nguAbineri, induna yempi. Kuba khona ukulwa ngezikhathi ezithile phakathi kwalamabutho amabili aphikisanayo, futhi uAbineri ubulala umfowabo kaJowabe. Ekugcineni, uAbineri wambukela ekamu likaDavide. Uthatha uMikhali indodakazi kaSawule, umyisa kuDavide owayesemlobole kudala. Nokho, ephindiselela ukubulawa komfowabo, uJowabe uthola ithuba lokubulala uAbineri. UDavide ukhathazekile kakhulu ngenxa yalokhu, ethi akanacala lalokhu. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho uIshi-Bosheti ngokwakhe ubulawa lapho “ephumul[e] embhedeni emini.”​—⁠4:⁠5.

 8. UJehova ukuchumisa kanjani ukubusa kukaDavide phezu kwawo wonke uIsrayeli?

⁸ UDavide uyinkosi eJerusalema (5:⁠1–6:​23). Nakuba kakade esebuse iminyaka eyisikhombisa nezinyanga eziyisithupha njengenkosi kwaJuda, uDavide manje uba umbusi ongenambangi, futhi abameleli bezizwe bayamgcoba njengenkosi phezu kwawo wonke uIsrayeli. Lokhu ukugcotshwa kwakhe kwesithathu (1070 B.C.E.). Esinye sezenzo zokuqala zikaDavide njengombusi wombuso wonke ukuthatha inqaba yaseSiyoni iJerusalema kumaJebusi avikelekile, ngokuwamangaza ngokungena ngendlela yomsele wamanzi. Khona-ke, uDavide wenza iJerusalema libe umuzi wakhe oyinhloko-dolobha. UJehova-Sebawoti ubusisa uDavide, emenza abe mkhulu ngokwengeziwe. Ngisho noHiramu, inkosi ecebile yaseTire, ithumelela uDavide imisedari ebizayo kanye nezisebenzi ukuze zakhele inkosi indlu. Umkhaya kaDavide uyanda, futhi uJehova wenza ukubusa kwakhe kuchume. Kuba nezinye izimpi ezimbili namaFilisti athanda impi. Kweyokuqala yalezi, uJehova ungenela esitheni ngamandla angenakuqhathaniswa ngenxa kaDavide eBali-Pherasimi, emnikeza ukunqoba. Kweyesibili, uJehova wenza esinye isimangaliso ngokwenza “umsindo wokuhamba ezihlokweni zamajikijolo,” obonisa ukuthi uJehova uhamba phambi kukaIsrayeli ukuchitha impi yamaFilisti. (5:​24) Okunye ukunqoba okuvelele kwamabutho kaJehova!

 9. Chaza izenzakalo ezihlobene nokulethwa koMphongolo eJerusalema.

⁹ Ehamba namadoda angu-30 000, uDavide uthatha uhambo lokulanda umphongolo wesivumelwano eBali-Juda (Kiriyati-Jeharimi) awulethe eJerusalema. Njengoba ulethwa ngokuhlabelela okukhulu nangenjabulo, ingqukumbane ogitsheliswe kuyo itshekela nganxanye, u-Uza ohamba eceleni kwawo, welula isandla ukuze abambe uMphongolo ongcwele. “Intukuthelo kaJehova yamvuthela u-Uza, uNkulunkulu wamshaya lapho ngenxa yesiphosiso sakhe.” (6:⁠7) UMphongolo ubekwa endlini kaObede-Edomi, futhi phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu ezilandelayo, uJehova uyibusisa ngokucebile indlu kaObede-Edomi. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu uDavide uyeza ukuzothatha uMphongolo ngendlela efanelekile kulo lonke uhambo. Ngokukhamuluka kwenjabulo, ukuhlabelela, nokusina, uMphongolo ulethwa enhloko-dolobha kaDavide. UDavide ubonakalisa injabulo yakhe enkulu ngokusina phambi kukaJehova, kodwa umkakhe uMikhali akumjabulisi lokhu. UDavide uyaphikelela: “Ngaphambi kukaJehova ngathokoza.” (6:​21) Ngenxa yalokho uMikhali akazali bantwana kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe.b

10. Yisiphi isivumelwano nesithembiso sikaJehova esilethwa ekunakekeleni kwethu ngokulandelayo?

¹⁰ Isivumelwano sikaNkulunkulu noDavide (7:​1-29). Manje siza kwesinye sezenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kukaDavide, leso esixhumene ngokuqondile nesihloko esikhulu seBhayibheli, ukungcweliswa kwegama likaJehova ngoMbuso ngaphansi kweMbewu ethenjisiwe. Lesisenzakalo sibangelwa isifiso sikaDavide sokwakhela umphongolo kaNkulunkulu indlu. Njengoba yena ngokwakhe ehlala endlini enhle eyakhiwe ngemisedari, uveza isifiso sakhe kuNathani sokwakhela umphongolo kaJehova wesivumelwano indlu. NgoNathani, uJehova uphinde aqinisekise uDavide ngomusa waKhe wothando kuIsrayeli futhi umisa isivumelwano naye esiyohlala phakade. Nokho, ngeke kube uDavide kodwa kuyoba inzalo yakhe eyokwakhela igama likaJehova indlu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uJehova wenza lesithembiso sothando: “Indlu yakho nombuso wakho kuyakuqiniswa njalo phambi kwakho; isihlalo sakho sobukhosi siyakumiswa kuze kube-phakade.”​—⁠7:⁠16.

11. UDavide ukuzwakalisa ngamuphi umthandazo ukubonga kwakhe?

¹¹ Ejatshuliswe ukulunga kukaJehova, njengoba kubonakaliswa ngalesivumelwano soMbuso, uDavide uzwakalisa ukubonga kwakhe ngawo wonke umusa wothando kaNkulunkulu: “Yisiphi isizwe nesisodwa emhlabeni esinjengabantu bakho uIsrayeli, uNkulunkulu aya ukuzihlengela bona ukuba babe-ngabantu bakhe, azenzele igama, anenzele nina izinto ezinkulu? . . . Wena-Jehova ube-nguNkulunkulu wabo.” (7:​23, 24) Uthandaza ngokujulile ukuba igama likaJehova lingcweliswe nokuthi indlu kaDavide iqiniswe phambi kwaKhe.

12. Iziphi izimpi ezilwiwa uDavide, futhi yimuphi umusa awubonisa indlu kaSawule?

¹² UDavide ukhulisa umbuso wakwaIsrayeli (8:⁠1–10:​19). Nokho, uDavide akayekiwe ukuba abuse ngokuthula. Kusazolwiwa izimpi. UDavide uyaqhubeka nokucekela phansi amaFilisti, abakwaMowabi, abaseSoba, abaseSiriya, abakwaEdomi, enweba imingcele yakwaIsrayeli kuze kufinyelele emikhawulweni yayo emiswe uNkulunkulu. (2 Sam. 8:​1-⁠5, 13-15; Dut. 11:​24) Khona-ke, uphendulela ukunaka kwakhe endlini kaSawule ukuze ngenxa kaJonathani abonise umusa wakhe wothando kunoma yibaphi abasasele. USiba, inceku kaSawule, umkhumbuza ngendodana kaJonathani, uMefibosheti, olunyonga. Ngokushesha, uDavide umemezela ukuba zonke izimpahla zikaSawule zinikezwe uMefibosheti nokuthi izwe lakhe lilinywe uSiba nezinceku zakhe ukuze indlu kaMefibosheti ithole ukudla. Nokho, uMefibosheti ngokwakhe uzokudla etafuleni likaDavide.

13. Yikuphi okunye ukunqoba uJehova abonisa ngakho ukuthi unoDavide?

¹³ Lapho inkosi yakwa-Amoni ifa, uDavide uthumela kuHanuni indodana yayo amanxusa ephethe amazwi okubonisa umusa. Nokho, abeluleki bakaHanuni, basola uDavide ngokuthi uthumele lamanxusa ukuba azohlola izwe, ngakho bayawajivaza futhi bayawaxosha sebehine izingubo zawo. Ethukutheliswe yilokhu kudelelwa, uDavide uthumela uJowabe nempi yakhe ukuba bayophindisela lobububi. Ehlukanisa amabutho akhe, ubachitha kalula abakwa-Amoni nabaseSiriya abeze ukuzobasiza. AbaseSiriya baphinde bawahlanganise amabutho abo, kodwa baphinde bayanqotshwa futhi amabutho kaJehova aholwa uDavide futhi balahlekelwa amabutho ezinqola angu-700 nabamahhashi abangu-40 000. Lobu obunye ubufakazi bomusa nesibusiso sikaJehova kuDavide.

14. Yiziphi izono uDavide azenzayo ngoBati-Sheba?

¹⁴ UDavide uyona kuJehova (11:​1–12:​31). Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo uDavide uphinda athumele uJowabe kwa-Amoni ukuba ahlasele iRaba, kuyilapho yena esala eJerusalema. Ngolunye usuku kusihlwa esophahleni lwendlu yakhe, kuyenzeka ukuba abone uBati-Sheba omuhle, umkaUriya umHeti, njengoba egeza. Umletha endlini yakhe, ulala naye, futhi uyakhulelwa. UDavide uzama ukufihla ububi bakhe ngokubuyisa u-Uriya empini eRaba futhi amthumele endlini yakhe ukuba aphumule. Nokho, u-Uriya uyenqaba ukuzijabulisa futhi abe nobuhlobo bobulili nomkakhe kuyilapho uMphongolo kanye nempi ‘kuhlezi emadokodweni.’ Ngokudumala uDavide uthumela u-Uriya emuva kuJowabe emphathise incwadi ethi: “Misani u-Uriya ngaphambili, lapho impi ishisa khona, nihlehle kuye ukuba ashaywe, afe.” (11:​11, 15) Ngalendlela u-Uriya uyafa. Ngemva kokuba isikhathi sokulila sikaBati-Sheba sidlulile, ngokushesha uDavide uyamthatha umletha endlini yakhe, lapho uba umkakhe, futhi ingane yabo, indodana, iyazalwa.

15. UNathani usimemezela kanjani isahlulelo esingokwesiprofetho kuDavide?

¹⁵ Lokhu kubi emehlweni kaJehova. Uthumela umprofethi uNathani kuDavide nesigijimi sesahlulelo. UNathani utshela uDavide ngendoda ecebile kanye nendoda empofu. Lena enye yayinomhlambi omkhulu, kodwa enye yayinexhukazana nje elilodwa, elaliyisilwane esithandwayo ekhaya futhi “lalinjengendodakazi kuyo.” Nokho, lapho kwenziwa idili, indoda ecebile ayithathanga imvu emhlanjini wayo, kodwa ixhukazana lendoda empofu. Ethukuthele egane unwabu ngokuzwa lokhu uDavide uyamemeza: “Kuphila kukaJehova, umuntu owenzé lokho ufanele ukufa.” UNathani uyaphendula: “Nguwe lowomuntu.” (12:​3, 5, 7) Khona-ke ukhipha isahlulelo esingokwesiprofetho sokuthi enye indoda iyolala nabafazi bakaDavide obala, ukuthi indlu yakhe iyohlushwa izimpi zamalungu omkhaya, nokuthi ingane yakhe ngoBati-Sheba izokufa.

16. (a) Yiziphi izincazelo ezihlobene namagama endodana yesibili kaDavide ngoBati-Sheba? (b) Uba yini umphumela owujuqu wokuhlaselwa kweRaba?

¹⁶ Edabuke ngobuqotho futhi ephenduka, uDavide uyavuma ngokusobala: “Ngonile kuJehova.” (12:​13) Ngokuvumelana nezwi likaJehova, inzalo yokuhlangana kokuphinga iyafa ngemva kokugula izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. (Kamuva, uDavide uba nenye indodana ngoBati-Sheba; lena bayibiza ngokuthi uSolomoni, okuyigama elivela emsukeni osho “ukuthula.” Nokho, uJehova uthumela ngoNathani ukuba iqanjwe ngokuthi uJedidiya, okusho “Othandekayo KuJehova.”) Ngemva kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe okubuhlungu, uDavide ubizwa uJowabe ukuba eze eRaba, lapho kulungiselelwa khona ukuhlasela okuwujuqu. Njengoba esethathe indawo umuzi othola kuyo amanzi, uJowabe ngenhlonipho ushiyela inkosi udumo lokuthumba umuzi ngokwawo.

17. Yiziphi izinkinga zomndeni eziqala ukukhathaza indlu kaDavide?

¹⁷ Izinkinga zomndeni kaDavide (13:⁠1–18:33). Izinkinga zomndeni kaDavide ziyaqala lapho uAmnoni, omunye wamadodana kaDavide, ngokuvukwa inkanuko ethanda uTamari, udadewabo ka-Abisalomu umfowabo ngomzali oyedwa. UAmnoni uzishaya ogulayo futhi ucela ukuba kuthunyelwe uTamari omuhle ukuba amnakekele. Uyamona futhi kamuva umzonda kakhulu, kangangokuthi uyamxosha ngokumjivaza. UAbisalomu uhlongoza ukuphindisela, elindele isikhathi esifanelekile. Cishe ngemva kweminyaka emibili kamuva, ulungiselela idili amemela kulo uAmnoni kanye nawo wonke amadodana enkosi. Lapho inhliziyo ka-Amnoni isiqala ukwenama ngenxa yewayini, uyanyenyelwa futhi uyabulawa ngokweziyalezo zika-Abisalomu.

18. UAbisalomu ubuyiswa ekudingisweni ngamaphi amacebo obuqili?

¹⁸ Esaba intukuthelo yenkosi, uAbisalomu ubalekela eGeshuri, lapho ngokwengxenye ephila khona njengomthunjwa iminyaka emithathu. Ngalesosikhathi, uJowabe, induna yamabutho kaDavide, uhlongoza ukwenza ukubuyisana phakathi kukaDavide noAbisalomu. Ulungiselela owesifazane ohlakaniphile waseThekhowa ukuba aveze isimo esingamanga phambi kwenkosi esiphathelene nokuphindisela, ukudingisa, kanye nokujezisa. Lapho inkosi ikhipha isahlulelo, owesifazane wembula isizathu sangempela sokuza kwakhe, ngenxa yokuthi indodana yenkosi siqu uAbisalomu idingiselwe eGeshuri. UDavide uyaqaphela ukuthi uJowabe ohlele lokhu kodwa uyayinikeza imvume yokuba indodana yakhe ibuye eJerusalema. Kudlula eminye iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuba inkosi ivume ukubonana noAbisalomu ubuso nobuso.

19. Yiluphi uzungu manje olwembulekayo, futhi kuba namuphi umphumela kuDavide?

¹⁹ Naphezu komusa kaDavide, ngokushesha uAbisalomu wenza uzungu lokuthatha isihlalo sobukhosi kuyise. UAbisalomu muhle ngokukhethekile phakathi kwawo wonke amaqhawe akwaIsrayeli, futhi lokhu kwenezela ekuhaheni nasekuzikhukhumezeni kwakhe. Unyaka ngamunye izinwele ezigundwa ekhanda lakhe elinezinwele eziminyene zinesisindo samakhilogremu angu-2,3. (2 Sam. 14:​26, umbhalo waphansi weNW.) Ngamacebo amaningi obuqili, uAbisalomu uqala ukweba izinhliziyo zabantu bakwaIsrayeli. Ekugcineni, uzungu luba sobala. Ethole imvume kayise yokuya eHebroni, uAbisalomu lapho umemezela injongo yakhe yokuvukela futhi uzifunela ukusekelwa yiwo wonke uIsrayeli ekuvukeleni kwakhe uDavide. Njengoba inani elikhulu lithutheleka ngasohlangothini lwendodana yakhe evukelayo, uDavide uyabaleka eJerusalema nabasekeli abathembekile abambalwa, isibonelo sabo uIthayi umGiti, othi: “Kuphila kukaJehova nokuphila kwenkosi yami, inkosi, impela kuleyondawo eyakuba-kuyo inkosi yami, inkosi, noma kusekufeni noma kusekuphileni, lapho iyakuba-khona nenceku yakho.”​—⁠15:⁠21.

20, 21. (a) Yiziphi izenzakalo ezenzekayo phakathi nokubaleka kukaDavide, futhi isiprofetho sikaNathani sigcwaliseka kanjani? (b) Siba yini isiphetho sika-Ahithofeli onobuqili?

²⁰ Lapho esabaleka eJerusalema, uDavide uzwa ngobuqili bomunye wabeluleki bakhe abathembeke kakhulu, uAhithofeli. Uyathandaza: “Jehova, mawuntumazelise amasu ka-Ahithofeli.” (15:​31) USadoki noAbiyathara, abapristi abathembekile kuDavide, noHushayi umArki, bathunyelwa eJerusalema ukuba bayohlola futhi babike izenzo zika-Abisalomu. Ngalesosikhathi, ehlane, uDavide uhlangana noSiba, inceku kaMefibosheti, ebika ukuthi inkosi yayo manje ilindele ukuba umbuso ubuyele endlini kaSawule. Njengoba uDavide eqhubeka nohambo, uShimeyi, wendlu kaSawule, uyamthuka futhi amjikijele ngamatshe, kodwa uDavide ukhuza amadoda akhe ukuba angamphindiseleli.

²¹ Emuva eJerusalema, ngokusikisela kuka-Ahithofeli, umgabadeli onguAbisalomu ulala nezancinza zikayise “emehlweni abo bonke abakwaIsrayeli.” Lokhu kugcwalisa isahlulelo sikaNathani esingokwesiprofetho. (16:​22; 12:​11) Futhi, uAhithofeli weluleka uAbisalomu ukuba athathe impi yamadoda angu-​12 000 futhi azingele uDavide ehlane. Nokho, uHushayi, oye wazuza ukwethenjwa uAbisalomu, usikisela okwehlukile. Futhi njengoba nje uDavide ethandazile, iseluleko sika-Ahithofeli siyabhuntshiswa. NjengoJuda, uAhithofeli okhungathekile uya ekhaya futhi uzibulala ngokuzikhunga. Ngokunyenya uHushayi utshela uSadoki noAbiyathara ngamacebo ka-Abisalomu, nabo kamuva abadlulisela lombiko kuDavide ehlane.

22. Yiluphi usizi oludunga ukunqoba kukaDavide?

²² Lokhu kwenza ukuba uDavide akwazi ukuwela iJordani futhi akhethe inkundla yempi ehlathini laseMahanayimi. Lapho uphaka amabutho akhe futhi uwayaleza ukuba angamphathi ngonya uAbisalomu. Abavukeli banqotshwa ngokudabukisayo. Njengoba uAbisalomu ebaleka ngomnyuzi enqamula ehlathini eliminyene kakhulu, ikhanda lakhe liyabambeka emagatsheni angezansi esihlahla esikhulu, futhi lapho ulenga emoyeni. Emthola kulesisimo esibucayi, uJowabe uyambulala, engasinaki nhlobo iseluleko senkosi. Ukudabuka okukhulu kukaDavide lapho ezwa ngokufa kwendodana yakhe kubonakala emazwini esililo sakhe: “Hawu, ndodana yami Abisalomu, ndodana yami, ndodana yami Abisalomu! Sengathi nga ngifile esikhundleni sakho, Abisalomu, ndodana yami, ndodana yami!”​—⁠18:⁠33.

23. Yimaphi amalungiselelo aphawula ukubuya kukaDavide njengenkosi?

²³ Izenzakalo zokugcina zokubusa kukaDavide (19:​1–24:25). UDavide uyaqhubeka nokulila kabuhlungu kuze kube yilapho uJowabe emnxusa ukuba abuyele esikhundleni sakhe esifanelekile njengenkosi. Manje umisa uAmasa njengomholi webutho lempi esikhundleni sikaJowabe. Njengoba ebuya, wamukelwa abantu, kuhlanganise noShimeyi, uDavide asindisa ukuphila kwakhe. UMefibosheti naye uyeza ukuzocela ukuxolelwa ububi bakhe, futhi uDavide umnikeza ifa elilinganayo noSiba. Wonke uIsrayeli noJuda baphinda futhi babe munye ngaphansi kukaDavide.

24. Yiziphi ezinye izenzakalo ezenzekayo ezihilela isizwe sakwaBenjamini?

²⁴ Nokho, kusenezinye izinkinga ezisazovela. USheba, wakwaBenjamini, uzimemezela ukuthi uyinkosi futhi uhlubula abaningi kuDavide. UAmasa, eyalezwe uDavide ukuba aqoqe amadoda ukuze aqede ukuvukela, uhlangana noJowabe, futhi ngobuqili uJowabe uyambulala. Khona-ke uJowabe uhola ibutho lempi futhi ulandela uSheba emzini waseAbela laseBeti-Mahakha futhi uyawuhlasela. Zilalela iseluleko sowesifazane ohlakaniphile womuzi, izakhamuzi ziyambulala uSheba, futhi uJowabe uyahoxa. Ngenxa yokuthi uSawule wayebulale abaseGibeyoni futhi icala legazi lalingakaphindiselelwa, kuba khona impi ethatha iminyaka emithathu kwaIsrayeli. Ukuze kususwe icala legazi, kubulawa amaqhawe ayisikhombisa endlu kaSawule. Kamuva, kwenye impi namaFilisti, ukuphila kukaDavide kusindiswa ngokulambisa uAbishayi ongumshana wakhe. Amaqhawe akhe ayafunga ukuba angaphinde ahambe nawo aye empini “funa ucime isibani sakwaIsrayeli.” (21:​17) Khona-ke, amadoda akhe amathathu abulala ngendlela evelele imidondoshiya yamaFilisti.

25. Yini ezwakaliswa kumahubo kaDavide alotshwa ngokulandelayo?

²⁵ Kulelizinga, umlobi uqalisa ukulandisa kwakhe ngengoma kaDavide kuJehova, efana neHubo 18, futhi ezwakalisa ukubonga ngokukhululwa “emaphula esandleni sezitha zakhe zonke nasesandleni sikaSawule.” Ngenjabulo uthi: “UJehova uyidwala lami, nenqaba yami, nomkhululi wami. Uyenza insindiso ibe-nkulu enkosini yakhe; uyenza umusa kogcotshiweyo wakhe uDavide nasenzalweni yakhe kuze kube-phakade.” (22:​1, 2, 51) Kube-ke sekulandela ingoma yokugcina kaDavide, avuma kuyo ukuthi, “uMoya kaJehova wakhuluma ngami; izwi lakhe lalisolimini lwami.”​—⁠23:⁠2.

26. Yini ephawulwayo ngamaqhawe kaDavide, futhi uyibonisa kanjani inhlonipho ngegazi lawo lokuphila?

²⁶ Uma siphindela embhalweni ogciniwe ongokomlando, sithola uhlu lwamaqhawe kaDavide, amathathu kuwo avelele. Lawa ahilelekile esehlakalweni esenzeka lapho ikhanda lamaFilisti liseBetlehema, emzini wenkaba kaDavide. UDavide uzwakalisa isifiso sakhe: “Hawu, sengathi ngingaphuziswa amanzi asemthonjeni waseBetlehema ongasesangweni.” (23:​15) Kulokho, amaqhawe amathathu afohla ikamu lamaFilisti, akha amanzi emthonjeni, futhi awaletha kuDavide. Kodwa uDavide uyenqaba ukuwaphuza. Kunalokho, uwachithela phansi emhlabathini, ethi: “Makube-kude nami, Jehova, ukuba ngenze lokhu; kuyigazi lalabobantu ababesuka besengozini.” (23:​17) Kuye lamanzi afana negazi eliwukuphila abaye bakufaka engozini ngenxa yawo. Ngokulandelayo kunikezwa uhlu lwamaqhawe angu-30 empi yakhe kanye nezenzo zawo zobuqhawe.

27. Yisiphi isono sokugcina uDavide asenzayo? Inhlupheko ewumphumela imiswa kanjani?

²⁷ Ekugcineni, uDavide uyona ngokubala abantu. Ecela umusa kaNkulunkulu, unikezwa ukukhetha phakathi kwezijeziso ezintathu: iminyaka eyisikhombisa yendlala, iminyaka emithathu yokunqotshwa ezimpini, noma izinsuku ezintathu zokushaywa kwezwe isifo. UDavide uyaphendula: “Masiwele esandleni sikaJehova, ngokuba umusa wakhe mkhulu; kepha esandleni somuntu mangingaweli kuso.” (24:​14) Isifo esishaye izwe lonke sibulala abantu abangu-70 000, siphela lapho uDavide, enza ngokuvumelana neziyalezo zikaJehova ngoGadi, ethenga isibuya sika-Arawuna, lapho enikela khona iminikelo yokushiswa neyokuthula kuJehova.

ISIZATHU SOKUBA IBE NENZUZO

28. Yiziphi izixwayiso ezivelele eziqukethwe incwadi kaSamuweli wesiBili?

²⁸ Kuningi okutholakala kuSamuweli wesiBili okunenzuzo kumfundi wanamuhla! Cishe yonke imizwelo yobuntu yokuphila okungokoqobo ivezwe ngokucacile. Ngaleyondlela, sixwayiswa ngokuqinile ngemiphumela eyingozi yokuhaha nokuphindisela (3:​27-30), yenkanuko embi ngomngane womshado womunye umuntu (11:​2-4, 15-17; 12:​9, 10), yesenzo sokukhaphela (15:​12, 31; 17:​23), yothando olusekelwe enkanukweni kuphela (13:​10-15, 28, 29), yokwahlulela ngokushesha (16:​3, 4; 19:​25-30), neyokungazihloniphi izenzo zomunye umuntu zokuzinikela.​—⁠6:​20-⁠23.

29. Yiziphi izibonelo ezinhle zokuziphatha kanye nezenzo ezinhle ezitholakala encwadini kaSamuweli wesiBili?

²⁹ Nokho, inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke kuSamuweli wesiBili itholakala ohlangothini oluhle, ngokulalela izibonelo zayo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu zokuziphatha okuhle nezenzo ezinhle. UDavide uyisibonelo ngokuzinikela kwakhe okukhethekile kuNkulunkulu (7:​22), ukuzithoba kwakhe phambi kukaNkulunkulu (7:​18), ukuphakamisa kwakhe igama likaJehova (7:​23, 26), umbono wakhe oqondile lapho izinto zingahambi kahle (15:​25), ukuphenduka kwakhe okuqotho esonweni (12:​13), ukuthembeka kwakhe esithembisweni sakhe (9:​1, 7), ukugcina kwakhe ukulinganisela ngaphansi kobunzima (16:​11, 12), ukuthembela kwakhe okungaguquguquki kuJehova (5:​12, 20), nenhlonipho yakhe ejulile ngamalungiselelo kaJehova nangabantu abamisile (1:​11, 12). Akumangalisi ukuthi uDavide wabizwa ngokuthi ‘umuntu wenhliziyo [kaJehova]’!​—⁠1 Sam. 13:⁠14.

30. Yiziphi izimiso ezisetshenziswayo futhi eziboniswa encwadini kaSamuweli wesiBili?

³⁰ Ukusebenza kwezimiso eziningi zeBhayibheli kuyatholakala futhi kuSamuweli wesiBili. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izimiso zomthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi (2 Sam. 3:​29; 24:​11-15), zokuthi izinhloso ezinhle azizishintshi izimfuneko zikaNkulunkulu (6:​6, 7), ukuthi ubunhloko elungiselelweni likaJehova elingokwasezulwini kufanele buhlonishwe (12:​28), ukuthi igazi kumelwe libhekwe njengelingcwele (23:​17), ukuthi kudingeka ukubuyisana ngecala legazi (21:​1-6, 9, 14), ukuthi umuntu ohlakaniphile angayiphebeza inhlekelele engehlela abantu abaningi (2 Sam. 20:​21, 22; UmSh. 9:​15), ukuthi ukwethembeka enhlanganweni kaJehova nakubameleli bayo kumelwe kulondolozwe “noma kusekufeni noma kusekuphileni.”​—⁠2 Sam. 15:​18-⁠22.

31. Incwadi kaSamuweli wesiBili iwunikeza kanjani umbono wenkazimulo yoMbuso kaNkulunkulu kusengaphambili, njengoba kufakazelwa imiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki?

³¹ Okubaluleke ngaphezu kwakho konke, uSamuweli wesiBili ukhomba phambili futhi unikeza kusengaphambili umbono okhazimulayo woMbuso kaNkulunkulu, awumisa ezandleni ‘zendodana kaDavide,’ uJesu Kristu. (Math. 1:⁠1) Isifungo uJehova asenza kuDavide ngokuphathelene nokungapheli kombuso wakhe (2 Sam. 7:​16) sicashunwe kuzEnzo 2:​29-36 ngokubhekiselwe kuJesu. Ukuthi lesosiprofetho esithi, “Mina ngiyakuba-nguYise, yona ibe-yindodana yami” (2 Sam. 7:​14), ngempela sasikhomba phambili kuJesu kuboniswa amaHeberu 1:⁠5. Lokhu kwafakazelwa futhi yizwi likaJehova elalikhuluma ezulwini: “Lo uyiNdodana yami ethandekayo engithokozile ngayo.” (Math. 3:​17; 17:⁠5) Ekugcineni, uGabriyeli ubhekisela esivumelwaneni soMbuso noDavide emazwini akhe kuMariya ngokuphathelene noJesu: “Yena uyakuba-mkhulu, athiwe iNdodana yoPhezukonke; iNkosi uNkulunkulu iyakumnika isihlalo sobukhosi sikayise uDavide; uyakuba-yinkosi yendlu kaJakobe kuze kube-phakade, nombuso wakhe awuyikuba-nakuphela.” (Luka 1:​32, 33) Yeka ukuthi lesithembiso seMbewu yoMbuso sibonakala sivusa amadlingozi kanjani njengoba isinyathelo ngasinye sokugcwaliseka kwaso sembuleka phambi kwamehlo ethu!

[Imibhalo yaphansi]