Obani Abayovuswa?

“Ningamangali ngalokhu, ngoba ihora liyeza lapho bonke abasemathuneni beyokhunjulwa futhi bayolizwa izwi layo baphume.”—JOHANE 5:28, 29.

 1. Imaphi amazwi aphawulekayo uMose awezwa esihlahleni somunga esivuthayo, futhi kamuva ubani owawaphinda lawo mazwi?

EMINYAKENI engaphezu kwengu-3 500 edlule kwenzeka into eyisimanga ngempela. UMose wayenakekela izimvu zenzalamizi uJetiro. Eduze neNtaba iHorebe, kwabonakala ingelosi kaJehova kuMose iselangabini lomlilo phakathi nesihlahla somunga. Ukulandisa kuka-Eksodusi kuthi: “Njengoba ayeqhubeka ebuka, bheka, isihlahla somunga sasivutha umlilo kodwa singashi.” Kwabe sekuzwakala izwi limbiza lisesihlahleni somunga. Leli zwi lathi: “NginguNkulunkulu kayihlo, uNkulunkulu ka-Abrahama, uNkulunkulu ka-Isaka noNkulunkulu kaJakobe.” (Eksodusi 3:1-6) Kamuva, ekhulwini lokuqala C.E., iNdodana kaNkulunkulu ngokwayo, uJesu, yawaphinda lawo mazwi.

 2, 3. (a) Iliphi ithemba elilindele u-Abrahama, u-Isaka noJakobe? (b) Imiphi imibuzo ephakamayo?

² UJesu wayexoxa nabaSadusi abathile, ababengakholelwa ovukweni. UJesu wathi: “Ukuthi abafileyo bayavuswa ngisho noMose wakwambula, endabeni ephathelene nesihlahla somunga, lapho ebiza uJehova ngokuthi ‘uNkulunkulu ka-Abrahama noNkulunkulu ka-Isaka noNkulunkulu kaJakobe.’ UnguNkulunkulu, wabaphilayo, akayena owabafileyo, ngoba bonke bayaphila kuye.” (Luka 20:27, 37, 38) Ngokusho la mazwi, uJesu waqinisekisa ukuthi u-Abrahama, u-Isaka, noJakobe basaphila enkumbulweni kaNkulunkulu yize bafa kudala. NjengoJobe, balindele ukuba kuphele ‘umsebenzi wabo oyimpoqo,’ ukulala kwabo ekufeni. (Jobe 14:14) Ezweni elisha likaNkulunkulu, bayovuswa.

³ Nokho, kuthiwani ngabanye abayizigidi abafa phakathi nawo wonke umlando womuntu? Ingabe nabo bayoluthola uvuko? Ngaphambi kokuba sithole impendulo eyanelisayo yalo mbuzo, ake sibone ukuthi iZwi likaNkulunkulu lithi abantu bayaphi lapho befa.

Bakuphi Abafileyo?

 4. (a) Abantu bayaphi lapho befa? (b) Yini iShiyoli?

⁴ IBhayibheli lithi abafileyo “abazi lutho.” Lapho umuntu efa akukho kuhlushwa esihogweni somlilo, akukho kulinda okubuhlungu eLimbo, kodwa umane nje abuyele othulini. Ngakho-ke, iZwi likaNkulunkulu liluleka abaphilayo: “Konke isandla sakho esikutholayo ukuba sikwenze, kwenze ngawo wonke amandla akho, ngoba akukho msebenzi namacebo nalwazi nakuhlakanipha eShiyoli, indawo oya kuyo.” (UmShumayeli 9:5, 10; Genesise 3:19) Igama elithi “Shiyoli” alijwayelekile kwabaningi. Yigama lesiHebheru ongaziwa umsuka walo ngempela. Izinkolo eziningi zifundisa ukuthi abafile basaphila, kodwa njengoba iZwi likaNkulunkulu eliphefumulelwe libonisa, labo abaseShiyoli bafile, abazi lutho. IShiyoli yithuna elivamile lesintu.

 5, 6. UJakobe wayaphi lapho efa futhi wangcwatshwa nawobani khona?

⁵ EBhayibhelini igama elithi “Shiyoli” livela okokuqala kuGenesise 37:35. Ngemva kokuba kubonakalé sengathi indodana yakhe ayithandayo uJosefa, ishonile, inzalamizi uJakobe yenqaba ukududuzeka, ithi: “Ngiyokwehlela eShiyoli endodaneni yami ngilila!” Ekholelwa ukuthi indodana yakhe yayifile, uJakobe wafisa ukufa abe seShiyoli. Kamuva, abantwana bakaJakobe abangu-9 abadala babefuna ukuthatha indodana enguthunjana, uBhenjamini, behlele nayo eGibhithe ukuze bayothola okokuthiba inkengane. Nokho, uJakobe wenqaba, ethi: “Indodana yami ngeke yehle nani, ngoba umfowabo ufile futhi isisele yodwa. Uma ingehlelwa yingozi ife endleleni enizoyihamba, khona-ke nakanjani niyokwehlisela izinwele zami ezimpunga eShiyoli ngosizi.” (Genesise 42:36, 38) Kuzo zombili lezi zikhathi iShiyoli lihlanganiswa nokufa, hhayi nokuphila kohlobo oluthile ngemva kokufa.

⁶ Ukulandisa kukaGenesise kwembula ukuthi uJosefa wayesengumphathi wokudla eGibhithe. Ngakho-ke, uJakobe wakwazi ukuya khona futhi kwaba injabulo ukuhlangana noJosefa futhi. Ngemva kwalokho, uJakobe wahlala kulelo zwe waze wafa esekhulile impela eneminyaka engu-147. Ngokuvumelana nezifiso zakhe azisho lapho eseyalela, amadodana akhe athatha isidumbu sakhe ayosingcwaba emhumeni waseMakaphela ezweni laseKhanani. (Genesise 47:28; 49:29-31; 50:12, 13) Kanjalo uJakobe wangcwatshwa lapho kwakungcwatshwe khona uyise u-Isaka, kanye nomkhulu wakhe, u-Abrahama.

‘Babuthelwa Kokhokho Babo’

 7, 8. (a) U-Abrahama wayaphi lapho efa? Chaza. (b) Yini ebonisa ukuthi nabanye baya eShiyoli lapho befa?

⁷ Ngaphambi kwalokhu, lapho uJehova eqinisa isivumelwano sakhe no-Abrahama futhi emthembisa ukuthi inzalo yakhe yayiyoba ningi, wabonisa lokho okwakuyokwenzeka ku-Abrahama. UJehova wathi: “Kepha wena, uyokuya kokhokho bakho ngokuthula; uyongcwatshwa usugugile impela.” (Genesise 15:15) Futhi kwenzeka lokho kanye. UGenesise 25:8 uthi: “Khona-ke u-Abrahama wagqabuka wafa esegugile impela, esemdala, anelisekile, wabuthelwa kubantu bakubo.” Bangobani laba bantu bakubo? UGenesise 11:10-26 unikeza uhlu lokhokho bakhe kuze kufike kuShemi, indodana kaNowa. Ngakho yilaba bantu abase belele eShiyoli u-Abrahama abuthelwa kubo lapho efa.

⁸ Inkulumo ethi “wabuthelwa kubantu bakubo” ivela kaningi emiBhalweni YesiHebheru. Ngakho, kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi indodana ka-Abrahama u-Ishmayeli, nomfowabo kaMose u-Aroni, nabo baya eShiyoli lapho befa, ukuze bayolindela uvuko belapho. (Genesise 25:17; Numeri 20:23-29) Ngokufanayo, noMose waya eShiyoli yize kungekho muntu owaziyo ukuthi ithuna lakhe liphi. (Numeri 27:13; Duteronomi 34:5, 6) Kunjalo nangoJoshuwa, owalandela uMose njengomholi ka-Israyeli, kanye naso sonke isizukulwane salabo bantu; nabo behlela eShiyoli lapho befa.—AbaHluleli 2:8-10.

 9. (a) IBhayibheli libonisa kanjani ukuthi igama lesiHebheru elithi “Shiyoli” nelesiGreki elithi “Hayidesi” abhekisela endaweni efanayo? (b) AbaseShiyoli noma eHayidesi banaliphi ithemba?

⁹ Emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva, uDavide waba yinkosi yezizwe ezingu-12 zakwa-Israyeli. Lapho efa “walala kanye nokhokho bakhe.” (1 AmaKhosi 2:10) Ingabe naye waya eShiyoli? Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngosuku lwePhentekoste lika-33 C.E., umphostoli uPetru wakhuluma ngokufa kukaDavide wayesecaphuna iHubo 16:10, elithi: “Ngeke uwushiye umphefumulo wami eShiyoli.” Ngemva kokuba ethe uDavide wayesesethuneni, uPetru wasebenzisa lawo mazwi kuJesu futhi wabonisa ukuthi uDavide “wabona kusengaphambili futhi wakhuluma ngokuphathelene nokuvuka kukaKristu, ukuthi akashiywanga eHayidesi futhi inyama yakhe ayikubonanga ukonakala. Lo Jesu uNkulunkulu wamvusa, okuyiqiniso esingofakazi balo sonke.” (IzEnzo 2:29-32) Lapha uPetru wasebenzisa igama lesiGreki elithi “Hayidesi,” elinomqondo ofanayo nowegama lesiHebheru elithi “Shiyoli.” Ngakho, labo okuthiwa baseHayidesi basesimweni esifanayo nalabo okuthiwa baseShiyoli. Balele, balindele uvuko.

Bakhona Yini Abangalungile EShiyoli?

10, 11. Kungani singase sithi abanye abangalungile baya eShiyoli noma eHayidesi lapho befa?

¹⁰ Ngemva kokuba uMose ehole isizwe sakwa-Israyeli wasikhipha eGibhithe, kwaqubuka ukuvukela ehlane. UMose watshela abantu ukuba bazihlukanise nababengobhongoza balokho kuvukela—uKhora, uDathani no-Abhiramu. Babezofa kabuhlungu. UMose wachaza: “Uma laba bantu bezofa ngokufa kwaso sonke isintu futhi bezojeziswa ngesijeziso saso sonke isintu, khona-ke akuyena uJehova ongithumile. Kodwa uma kuyoba yinto edaliwe ezodalwa nguJehova, futhi uma umhlabathi uzovula umlomo wawo ubagwinye bona nakho konke okungokwabo ukuba behlele eShiyoli bephila, khona-ke nizokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi la madoda aye adelela uJehova.” (Numeri 16:29, 30) Ngakho kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lezi zihlubuki zafa ngokugwinywa umhlaba lapho uvuleka noma ngokushwabadelwa umlilo njengoba kwenzeka kuKhora namaLevi angu-250 achema naye, zonke zaphelela eShiyoli, noma eHayidesi.—Numeri 26:10.

¹¹ UShimeyi, owaqalekisa iNkosi uDavide, wajeziswa uSolomoni owalandela uDavide esikhundleni. UDavide wayeyalile: “Ungamyeki angajezi, ngoba wena uyindoda ehlakaniphile futhi ukwazi kahle okufanele ukwenze kuye, kumelwe wehlisele izinwele zakhe ezimpunga eShiyoli ngegazi.” USolomoni wayala uBhenaya ukuba akhiphe leso sigwebo. (1 AmaKhosi 2:8, 9, 44-46) Omunye futhi owadliwa yinkemba kaBhenaya yilowo owayeyinduna yempi ka-Israyeli uJowabe. Izinwele zakhe ezimpunga azizange “zehlele eShiyoli ngokuthula.” (1 AmaKhosi 2:5, 6, 28-34) Zombili lezi zibonelo zifakazela ukuba iqiniso kwengoma kaDavide ephefumulelwe: “Abantu ababi bazophindela eShiyoli, yebo zonke izizwe ezimkhohlwayo uNkulunkulu.”—IHubo 9:17.

12. Wayengubani u-Ahithofeli, futhi wayaphi lapho efa?

¹² U-Ahithofeli wayengumeluleki kaDavide. Iseluleko sakhe sasaziswa kakhulu njengokungathi sivela kuJehova ngokwakhe. (2 Samuweli 16:23) Ngokudabukisayo, le nceku ethenjwayo yaphenduka imbuka futhi yazibandakanya nomzamo wokuketula umbuso owawuholwa indodana kaDavide u-Absalomu. Kubonakala uDavide ayebhekisela kulokhu kuhlamukwa lapho ebhala: “Akusona isitha esangihlambalaza; ukube kwakunjalo ngangiyokubekezelela. Akuyena owayengizonda kakhulu owazishaya ophakeme kunami; ukube kwakunjalo ngangiyomcashela.” UDavide waqhubeka: “Ukuchithwa makubafikele! Mabehlele eShiyoli bephila; ngoba ngesikhathi sobufokazi babo izinto ezimbi bezingaphakathi kubo.” (IHubo 55:12-15) Lapho befa, o-Ahithofeli nabangane bakhe baya eShiyoli.

Obani AbaseGehena?

13. Kungani uJuda ebizwa ngokuthi ‘indodana yokubhubha’?

¹³ Qhathanisa isimo sikaDavide naleso uDavide Omkhulu, uJesu, abhekana naso. Omunye wabaphostoli bakaKristu abangu-12, uJuda Iskariyothe, waphenduka imbuka njengo-Ahithofeli. Isenzo sikaJuda sokukhaphela sasisibi ngaphezu kwesika-Ahithofeli. UJuda wakhaphela iNdodana kaNkulunkulu ezelwe yodwa. Ithandaza ekupheleni kwenkonzo yayo yasemhlabeni, iNdodana kaNkulunkulu yabika lokhu ngabalandeli bayo: “Lapho ngisenabo ngangibabheka ngenxa yegama lakho siqu onginike lona; futhi ngibagcinile, akekho noyedwa kubo obhubhile ngaphandle kwendodana yokubhubha, ukuze kugcwaliseke umbhalo.” (Johane 17:12) Ngokubhekisela kuJuda ngokuthi ‘indodana yokubhubha,’ uJesu wabonisa ukuthi lapho uJuda efa, wayengeke abe nethemba lokubuya. Akazange aqhubeke ephila enkumbulweni kaNkulunkulu. Akazange aye eShiyoli, kodwa waya eGehena. Liyini iGehena?

14. IGehena limelelani?

¹⁴ UJesu walahla abaholi benkolo bosuku lwakhe ngenxa yokuthi babenza umfundi ngamunye wabo “afanelwe yiGehena.” (Mathewu 23:15) Ngaleso sikhathi, abantu babesazi iSigodi SikaHinomu, indawo eyayisetshenziselwa ukulahla udoti lapho kwakulahlwa khona nezidumbu zezigebengu ezazibhekwa njengezingakufanele ukungcwatshwa kahle. Ngaphambili, uJesu ngokwakhe wayeke wakhuluma ngeGehena eNtshumayelweni yakhe yaseNtabeni. (Mathewu 5:29, 30) Kwacaca kubantu ababemlalele ukuthi lalifanekiselani. IGehena lalimelela ukubhujiswa okuphelele okungenalo ithemba lovuko. Ngaphandle kukaJuda Iskariyothe wosuku lukaJesu, bakhona yini abanye abaye eGehena abangazange baye eShiyoli noma eHayidesi, lapho befa?

15, 16. Obani abaya eGehena lapho befa, futhi kungani baya lapho?

¹⁵ Abantu bokuqala, u-Adamu no-Eva, babedalwe bephelele. Ukuwela kwabo esonweni kwakungamabomu. Kwakumelwe bakhethe ukuphila okuphakade noma ukufa. Abamlalelanga uNkulunkulu futhi bama ngakuSathane. Lapho befa, abazange babe nethemba lokuzuza emhlatshelweni wesihlengo kaKristu. Kunalokho, baya eGehena.

¹⁶ UKhayini, izibulo lika-Adamu, wabulala umfowabo u-Abela kamuva waphila njengombaleki. Umphostoli uJohane wachaza uKhayini ngokuthi “owayevela komubi.” (1 Johane 3:12) Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi lapho efa waya eGehena njengabazali bakhe. (Mathewu 23:33, 35) Yeka ukuthi isimo sakhe sihluke kanjani kwesika-Abela olungileyo! UPawulu wachaza: “Ngokholo u-Abela wanikela kuNkulunkulu umhlatshelo obaluleke kakhulu kunokaKhayini, okuwukholo afakazelwa ngalo ukuthi wayelungile, uNkulunkulu efakaza ngezipho zakhe.” Wabe esenezela: “Futhi ngalo usakhuluma, nakuba afa.” (Hebheru 11:4) Yebo, sikhuluma nje u-Abela useShiyoli, ulindele uvuko.

Uvuko “Lokuqala” Futhi “Olungcono”

17. (a) Phakathi nalesi ‘sikhathi sokuphela,’ obani abaya eShiyoli? (b) Liyini ikusasa lalabo abaseShiyoli nalabo abaseGehena?

¹⁷ Abaningi abafunda lokhu kwaziswa bangase bazibuze ngesimo salabo abafa phakathi nalesi ‘sikhathi sokuphela.’ (Daniyeli 8:19) IsAmbulo isahluko 6 sichaza abagibeli bamahhashi amane ayobe egabavula ngaleso sikhathi. Ngokuthakazelisayo, owokugcina kulaba bagibeli igama lakhe kuthiwa ukuFa, futhi ulandelwa iHayidesi. Ngakho, abaningi abafa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yokugabavula kwabagibeli abandulelayo baphelela eHayidesi, bese belinda uvuko ezweni elisha likaNkulunkulu. (IsAmbulo 6:8) Ngakho-ke, liyini ikusasa lalabo abaseShiyoli (eHayidesi) nalabo abaseGehena? Ngamafuphi nje, abaseShiyoli bayothola uvuko; kanti abaseGehena bona bayobhujiswa phakade, bangabe besaba khona.

18. Iliphi ithuba ‘uvuko lokuqala’ elilinikezayo?

¹⁸ Umphostoli uJohane wabhala: “Uyajabula futhi ungcwele noma ubani onesabelo ovukweni lokuqala; ukufa kwesibili akunalo igunya phezu kwabo, kodwa bayoba ngabapristi bakaNkulunkulu nabakaKristu, babuse njengamakhosi kanye naye iminyaka eyinkulungwane.” Labo abayoba ababusi kanye noKristu bathola ‘uvuko lokuqala,’ kodwa iliphi ithemba isintu sonke esinye esinalo?—IsAmbulo 20:6.

19. Abanye bazuza kanjani ‘ovukweni olungcono’?

¹⁹ Kwaqala ezinsukwini zezinceku zikaNkulunkulu, o-Eliya no-Elisha, ukuba isimangaliso sovuko sibuyisele abantu ekuphileni. UPawulu walandisa: “Abesifazane bamukela abafileyo babo ngovuko; kodwa abanye abantu bahlushwa ngoba abafunanga ukwamukela ukukhululwa ngesihlengo esithile, ukuze bazuze uvuko olungcono.” Yebo, laba bagcini bobuqotho abathembekile babelangazelela isikhathi sovuko olwalungeke lubanikeze iminyakana nje embalwa yokuphila bese befa futhi, kodwa olwaluyobanikeza ithuba lokuphila okuphakade! Lolo ngempela luyoba “uvuko olungcono.”—Hebheru 11:35.

20. Yini ezocatshangelwa esihlokweni esilandelayo?

²⁰ Uma sifa sithembekile ngaphambi kokuba uJehova aqede lesi simiso esibi, sinethemba eliqinisekile ‘lovuko olungcono,’ olungcono ngomqondo wokuthi luyosinika ithuba lokuphila okuphakade. UJesu wathembisa: “Ningamangali ngalokhu, ngoba ihora liyeza lapho bonke abasemathuneni beyokhunjulwa futhi bayolizwa izwi layo baphume.” (Johane 5:28, 29) Isihloko sethu esilandelayo sizocabangela ngokwengeziwe injongo yovuko. Sizobonisa indlela ithemba lovuko elisiqinisa ngayo ukuba sigcine ubuqotho futhi elisisiza ngayo ukuba sihlakulele umoya wokuzidela.

Usakhumbula?

• Kungani uJehova echazwa ngokuthi unguNkulunkulu “wabaphilayo”?

• Siyini isimo salabo abaseShiyoli?

• Liyini ikusasa lalabo abaseGehena?

• Abanye bayozuza kanjani ‘ovukweni olungcono’?

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Njengo-Abrahama, labo abaya eShiyoli basohlwini lovuko

[Izithombe ekhasini 16]

Kungani u-Adamu no-Eva, uKhayini, noJuda Iskariyothe baya eGehena?