IZwi LikaJehova Liyaphila
Amaphuzu Avelele Encwadi KaDuteronomi
NGUNYAKA ka-1473 B.C.E. Sekudlule iminyaka engu-40 uJehova akhulula abantwana bakwa-Israyeli ebugqilini baseGibhithe. Nakuba isizwe sakwa-Israyeli sesichithe le minyaka ehlane, namanje asikabi nazwe. Nokho, ekugcineni sima onqenqemeni lweZwe Lesithembiso. Silindelwe yini njengoba silithatha leli zwe? Iziphi izinkinga esizonqwamana nazo, futhi kufanele sizisingathe kanjani?
Ngaphambi kokuba u-Israyeli awele uMfula iJordani ewelela ezweni laseKhanani, uMose ulungiselela isizwe ukubhekana nomsebenzi omkhulu ongaphambi kwaso. Kanjani? Ngokubeka uchungechunge lwezinkulumo ezikhuthazayo nezinxusayo, eziyalayo nezixwayisayo. Ukhumbuza ama-Israyeli ukuthi uJehova uNkulunkulu ufanelwe ukuzinikela kwawo kuye kuphela nokuthi akumelwe alandele izindlela zezizwe eziwazungezile. Lezi zinkulumo zakha ingxenye enkulu yale ncwadi yeBhayibheli kaDuteronomi. Futhi iseluleko esikulezi zinkulumo siyilokho kanye esikudingayo namuhla, ngoba nathi siphila ezweni lapho kuyinselele khona ukuzinikela kuJehova kuphela.—Hebheru 4:12.
Le ncwadi kaDuteronomi yalotshwa uMose, ngaphandle kwesahluko sokugcina. Ihlanganisa inkathi engaphezudlwana nje kwezinyanga ezimbili.a (Duteronomi 1:3; Joshuwa 4:19) Ake sibone ukuthi okushiwo kuyo kungasisiza kanjani ukuze sithande uJehova uNkulunkulu ngayo yonke inhliziyo yethu futhi simkhonze ngokwethembeka.
‘UNGAKUKHOHLWA LOKHO AMEHLO AKHO AKUBONILE’
Enkulumweni yokuqala, uMose ulandisa okunye kokuhlangenwe nakho kwasehlane—ikakhulu lokho okuzoba usizo kuma-Israyeli njengoba ehlomela ukudla iZwe Lesithembiso. Ukulandisa kokumiswa kwabehluleli kumelwe ukuba kwawakhumbuza ukuthi uJehova uhlela abantu bakhe ngendlela ebaqinisekisa ngokunakekela kwakhe kothando. UMose ulandisa nokuthi umbiko omubi wezinhloli eziyishumi waholela ekubeni isizukulwane esandulele singangeni ezweni lesithembiso. Cabanga indlela okumelwe ukuba lesi sibonelo esiyisixwayiso sazithinta ngayo izilaleli zikaMose njengoba izwe lase liphambi kwamehlo azo.
Ukukhumbula ukunqoba kwabantwana bakwa-Israyeli ababekunikwe uJehova ngaphambi kokuwela iJordani kumelwe ukuba kwabenza baqunga isibindi njengoba base bekulungele ukuqala ukunqoba kwabo ngaphesheya komfula. Izwe abase bezolidla laligcwele ukukhulekelwa kwezithombe. Yeka ukuthi kufaneleka kanjani ukuba uMose abadonse ngendlebe mayelana nokukhulekela izithombe!
Izimpendulo Zemibuzo YemiBhalo
2:4-6, 9, 19, 24, 31-35; 3:1-6—Kungani ama-Israyeli aqothula abanye abantu ababehlala entshonalanga yeJordani kodwa abayeka abanye? UJehova wayala ama-Israyeli ukuba angalwi nabantwana bakwa-Esawu. Ngani? Ngoba babeyinzalo yomfowabo kaJakobe. Ama-Israyeli kwakungamelwe ahlukumeze noma alwe nabakwaMowabi nabakwa-Amoni, ngoba babeyinzalo kaLoti, indodana yomfowabo ka-Abrahama. Nokho, amakhosi ama-Amori, uSihoni no-Ogi, babengahlobene nama-Israyeli, ngaleyo ndlela bengenakusho ukuthi izwe elabo. Ngakho, lapho uSihoni enqabela ama-Israyeli ukuba anqamule ezweni lakhe no-Ogi eza ezolwa nawo, uJehova wayala ama-Israyeli ukuba aqothe imbokodo nesisekelo emizini yalama khosi.
4:15-20, 23, 24—Ingabe umthetho owenqabela ukwenziwa kwemifanekiso eqoshiwe usho ukuthi akulungile ukwenza imifanekiso yokuhlobisa? Cha. Lo mthetho wawumelene nokwenza imifanekiso yokukhulekela—‘ukukhothamela izithombe nokuzikhonza.’ ImiBhalo ayikwenqabeli ukubaza noma ukudweba okuthile kokuhlobisa.—1 AmaKhosi 7:18, 25.
Izifundo Esizitholayo:
1:2, 19. Abantwana bakwa-Israyeli bázulazula ehlane iminyaka ethi ayibe ngu-38, yize ukuya eKadeshi-barineya “[kwa]kuthatha izinsuku eziyishumi nanye [kuphela] ukusuka eHorebe [isifunda sezintaba esingaseNtabeni iSinayi lapho kwakhishwa khona iMiyalo Eyishumi] ngendlela yaseNtabeni iSeyiri.” Yeka umphumela obuhlungu wokungamlaleli uJehova uNkulunkulu!—Numeri 14:26-34.
1:16, 17. Izindinganiso zikaNkulunkulu zokwahlulela azikashintshi nanamuhla. Labo abaphathiswe umthwalo wemfanelo wokukhonza ekomitini yokwahlulela kumelwe bangavumeli ukukhetha noma ukwesaba abantu kuhlanekezele isahlulelo sabo.
4:9. ‘Ukungazikhohlwa izinto amehlo akhe ayezibonile’ kwakubalulekile ukuze u-Israyeli aphumelele. Njengoba izwe elisha esilithenjisiwe lisondela, kubalulekile ukuba nathi sigcine izenzo zikaJehova ezimangalisayo ziphambi kwethu ngokuba abafundi abakhuthele beZwi lakhe.
THANDA UJEHOVA, ULALELE IMIYALO YAKHE
Enkulumweni yakhe yesibili, uMose ulandisa ngokukhishwa koMthetho eNtabeni iSinayi aphinde neMiyalo Eyishumi. Kubalulwa izizwe ezingu-7 ezizoqothulwa. Abantwana bakwa-Israyeli bakhunjuzwa ngesifundo esibalulekile abasifunda ehlane: “Umuntu akaphili ngesinkwa sodwa kodwa umuntu uphila nangawo wonke amazwi omlomo kaJehova.” Esimweni sabo esisha, kumelwe ‘bawugcine wonke lo myalo.’—Duteronomi 8:3; 11:8.
Njengoba ezinza ezweni lesithembiso, ama-Israyeli azodinga imithetho engaphathelene nje nokukhulekela kuphela kodwa futhi nephathelene nesahlulelo, umbuso, impi, nokuphila kwansuku zonke kwasobala nokwangasese. UMose ubukeza le mithetho abese egcizelela isidingo sokuthanda uJehova nokulalela imiyalo yaKhe.
Izimpendulo Zemibuzo YemiBhalo
8:3, 4—Kungayiphi indlela izingubo zama-Israyeli zingazange ziguge nezinyawo zawo zingavuvukalanga ohambweni lwasehlane? Lokhu kwakuyilungiselelo eliyisimangaliso, njengemana elalehla njalo. Ama-Israyeli asebenzisa izingubo nezimbadada ezifanayo kusukela ekuqaleni kohambo lwawo, mhlawumbe kushiyelwana zona njengoba izingane zazikhula, nasebebadala befa. Njengoba ukubalwa kwabantu okwenziwa ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kohambo lwasehlane kwembula ukuthi inani lama-Israyeli alandanga, izingubo ababenazo ekuqaleni zazizokwanela.—Numeri 2:32; 26:51.
14:21—Kungani ama-Israyeli ayenganika umfokazi noma athengisele owesinye isizwe isilwane esifile esingophiswanga leso wona ayengeke asidle? EBhayibhelini, igama elithi “umfokazi” lalingabhekisela kumuntu ongeyena umIsrayeli, oye waba umproselithe, noma lalingabhekisela kumuntu oyisifiki owayephila ngemithetho eyisisekelo yakulelo zwe kodwa ongazange abe umkhulekeli kaJehova. Umuntu wesinye isizwe nomfokazi abangazange babe amaproselithe babengekho ngaphansi koMthetho futhi babengazisebenzisa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene izilwane ezifile ezingophiswanga. Ama-Israyeli ayevunyelwe ukubapha noma ukubathengisela izilwane ezinjalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umproselithe yena wayengaphansi kwesivumelwano soMthetho. Njengoba kubonisiwe kuLevitikusi 17:10, umuntu onjalo wayenqatshelwe ukudla igazi lesilwane.
24:6—Kungani ukuthatha “itshe lokugaya noma imbokodo yalo njengesibambiso” kwakufaniswa nokuthatha ‘ukuphila’? Itshe lokugaya nembokodo yalo kwakumelela ‘ukuphila’ komuntu, noma izinto aphila ngazo. Ukuthatha noma iyiphi yalezi zinto kwakuyokwenza ukuba wonke umkhaya ungakutholi ukudla kwansuku zonke.
25:9—Kwakusho ukuthini ukukhumula izimbadada nokukhafulela umuntu owayenqaba ukungena umkamfowabo? ‘Ngokwenkambiso yezikhathi zangaphambili kwa-Israyeli ngokuphathelene nelungelo lokuthenga, umuntu kwakufanele akhumule imbadada yakhe ayinike umuntu wakubo.’ (Ruthe 4:7) Ngakho-ke, ukukhumula imbadada yomuntu owenqaba ukungena umkamfowabo kwakuqinisekisa ukuthi uye walahla isikhundla nelungelo lakhe lokuzalela umfowabo oshonile indlalifa. Kwakuyichilo lokho. (Duteronomi 25:10) Ukumkhafulela kwakuyisenzo sokumlulaza.—Numeri 12:14.
Izifundo Esizitholayo:
6:6-9. Njengoba nje ama-Israyeli ayeyalwe ukuba awazi uMthetho, nathi kumelwe siyazi kahle imiyalo kaNkulunkulu, siyigcine iphambi kwethu njalo, futhi siyigxilise nasezinganeni zethu. Kumelwe ‘siyibophe njengophawu ezandleni zethu’ ngomqondo wokuthi izenzo zethu—ezimelelwa izandla zethu—kumelwe zibonise ukuthi siyamlalela uJehova. Futhi ‘njengebhande lasebunzini phakathi kwamehlo,’ ukulalela kumelwe kubonakale kubo bonke abantu.
6:16. Kwangathi singelokothe sivivinye uJehova njengoba ama-Israyeli enza ngokungabi nalukholo eMasa, lapho akhononda khona ngokuntuleka kwamanzi.—Eksodusi 17:1-7.
8:11-18. Ukuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo kungasenza simkhohlwe uJehova.
9:4-6. Kumelwe siqaphele ukuzibona singabalungile.
13:6. Akumelwe sivumele noma ubani ukuba asisuse ekukhulekeleni uJehova.
14:1. Ukuzisika umzimba kubonisa ukuthi umuntu akawuhloniphi umzimba wakhe, kungase kuhlotshaniswe nenkolo yamanga, futhi kumelwe kugwenywe. (1 AmaKhosi 18:25-28) Ithemba lethu lovuko lenza ukulila ngendlela eyihaba kungafaneleki.
20:5-7; 24:5. Kufanele bacatshangelwe labo abanezimo ezikhethekile, ngisho nalapho umsebenzi owenziwayo ubalulekile.
22:23-27. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu owesifazane angazivikela ngayo lapho esongelwa ngokudlwengulwa iwukumemeza.
“KUMELWE UKHETHE UKUPHILA”
Enkulumweni yakhe yesithathu, uMose uveza ukuthi ngemva kokuwela iJordani, ama-Israyeli kumelwe alobe uMthetho ematsheni amakhulu futhi amemezele iziqalekiso zokungalaleli nezibusiso zokulalela. Inkulumo yesine iqala ngokuvuselelwa kwesivumelwano phakathi kukaJehova nama-Israyeli. UMose uyaphinda futhi uxwayisa ngokungalaleli abese ekhuthaza abantu ukuba ‘bakhethe ukuphila.’—Duteronomi 30:19.
Ngaphezu kwalezo zinkulumo ezine, uMose ukhuluma ngokushintshwa komholi, afundise ama-Israyeli ingoma emnandi yokudumisa uJehova abese exwayisa ngomaye ababa umphumela wokungathembeki. Ngemva kokubusisa isizwe, uMose uyafa eneminyaka engu-120, futhi uyangcwatshwa. Ukulila kudonsa izinsuku ezingu-30, okuthatha isikhathi esicishe sibe ingxenye yenkathi ehlanganiswa incwadi kaDuteronomi.
Izimpendulo Zemibuzo YemiBhalo
32:13, 14—Njengoba ama-Israyeli ayenqatshelwe ukudla noma imaphi amanoni, kwakusho ukuthini-ke ukudla kwawo “amafutha [amanoni] ezinqama”? Leli gama lisetshenziswe ngokomfanekiso lapha, libhekisela ekhethelweni lomhlambi. Ukuthi lisetshenziswe ngendlela esankondlo kuboniswa ukuthi lona leli vesi elifanayo likhuluma ‘ngamanoni ezinso kakolweni’ ‘nangegazi lamagilebhisi.’
33:1-29—Kungani uSimeyoni engabizwanga ngokuqondile esibusisweni uMose abusisa ngaso abantwana bakwa-Israyeli? Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi uSimeyoni, kanjalo noLevi, babenze “ngokhahlo” nokuthi intukuthelo yabo ‘yayinesihluku.’ (Genesise 34:13-31; 49:5-7) Ifa labo lalingafani nsé nelezinye izizwe. ULevi wathola imizi engu-48, kwathi ifa likaSimeyoni laba phakathi kwezwe likaJuda. (Joshuwa 19:9; 21:41, 42) Ngakho, uMose akazange ambusise ngokuqondile uSimeyoni. Nokho, uSimeyoni wahlanganiswa ekubusisweni kuka-Israyeli uwonke.
Izifundo Esizitholayo:
31:12. Izingane kufanele zihlale nasebekhulile emihlanganweni yebandla futhi zizame ukulalela nokufunda.
32:4. Yonke imisebenzi kaJehova iphelele ngomqondo wokuthi izimfanelo zakhe eziwubulungisa, ukuhlakanipha, uthando namandla, uzibonisa ngendlela ephelele.
Ibaluleke Kakhulu Kithi
Incwadi kaDuteronomi iveza uJehova ‘njengoJehova oyedwa.’ (Duteronomi 6:4) Iyincwadi ekhuluma ngabantu ababenobuhlobo obukhethekile noNkulunkulu. Le ncwadi kaDuteronomi ixwayisa nangokukhulekela izithombe, igcizelele nesidingo sokuzinikela kuNkulunkulu weqiniso kuphela.
Ngokuqinisekile, incwadi kaDuteronomi ibaluleke kakhulu kithi! Nakuba singekho ngaphansi koMthetho, lukhulu esingalufunda kuyo okuyosisiza ukuba ‘sithande uJehova uNkulunkulu wethu ngayo yonke inhliziyo yethu, umphefumulo namandla.’—Duteronomi 6:5.
[Umbhalo waphansi]
a Isahluko sokugcina, esilandisa ngokufa kukaMose, kungenzeka sanezelwa uJoshuwa noma uMpristi Ophakeme u-Eleyazare.
[Ibalazwe ekhasini 24]
(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)
ISEYIRI
IKadeshi-barineya
INt. ISinayi (IHorebe)
ULwandle Olubomvu
[Umthombo]
Based on maps copyrighted by Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est. and Survey of Israel
[Isithombe ekhasini 24]
Izinkulumo zikaMose zakha ingxenye enkulu yencwadi kaDuteronomi
[Isithombe ekhasini 26]
Lifundisani ilungiselelo likaJehova lemana?
[Isithombe ekhasini 26]
Ukuthatha itshe lokugaya noma imbokodo yalo njengesibambiso kwakufaniswa nokuthatha ‘ukuphila’