“Yinye INkosi, Yinye Inkolo, Munye Umbhapathizo”
“Yinye iNkosi, yinye inkolo, munye umbhapathizo; munye uNkulunkulu, uYise wabo bonke, ophezu kwabo bonke.”—EFESU 4:4-6.
1, 2. (a) Ngokuqondene naYe, yini uJehova ayikhanyisa ngoMose? (b) Ngakho ingabe yayikhona indawo yemibono ehlukene ngokwenkolo kwaIsrayeli?
“UJEHOVA uNkulunkulu wethu, uJehova, munye. Aniyikulandela abanye onkulunkulu, onkulunkulu babantu abanizungezayo ngokuba uJehova uNkulunkulu wakho ophakathi kwakho unguNkulunkulu [ofuna ukuzinikezela okukhethekile].” UMose akashiyanga kungabaza ezingqondweni zamaIsrayeli ayehlangene emathafeni akwaMowabi, ngaphambi nje kokuba bangene eZweni Lesithembiso. Wachaza ngokukhanyayo ukuthi uNkulunkulu, uJehova, unguNkulunkulu oyedwa, nokuthi uJehova ulindele ukukhulekelwa okukhethekile. Enkulumweni engaphambili uMose wayethe: “UJehova unguNkulunkulu ezulwini phezulu nasemhlabeni phansi; akakho omunye. Wogcina izimiso zakhe nemiyalo yakhe engikuyala ngakho namuhla ukuba kube-kuhle kuwe.”—Duteronomi 6:4, 14, 15; 4:39, 40.
2 Akukho ndawo kulawomazwi emibono ehlukile yenkolo! UIsrayeli wayenoNkulunkulu oyedwa. Futhi uJehova wayiveza ngokucacile indlela eyamukelekayo angase akhulekelwe ngayo.
Amahlelo ObuJuda Ayavela
3. Ngenxa yokuthi iningi lamaJuda alihlalanga lithembekile kuJehova, yini eyenzeka ekugcineni?
3 Nokho, esikhundleni sokuqhuba ukukhulekelwa okumsulwa kukaNkulunkulu oyedwa weqiniso, uJehova, iningi lamaIsrayeli laba yizihlubuki, abakhulekeli bezithixo. (Jeremiya 17:13; 19:5) Ngenxa yalokhu, ‘akuwahambelanga kahle.’ Ngo-607 B.C.E. iJerusalema labhujiswa abaseBabiloni, futhi amaJuda amaningi adingiselwa eBabiloni. Insali ethembekile yabuyela eJerusalema ngemva kweminyaka engama-70 futhi yaqala ukwakha ithempeli lesibili lokukhulekela uJehova. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iningi lamaJuda lahlubuka futhi ekugcineni lahlukana laba amahlelo ahlukahlukene.
4, 5. (a) Chaza amanye amahlelo enkolo obuJuda avela ngemva kokuthunjwa yiBabiloni. (b) Ingabe amahlelo anjalo ahlukanisayo awasiza amaJuda? Chaza.
4 Ekhulwini lesine noma lesithathu B.C.E. kwavela ihlelo okuthiwa amaHasidim (“abazinikele”). Babenentshiseko enkulu ekugcineni uMthetho wobuJuda futhi ngokuvamile babebhekwa njengabanduleli bamanye amaqembu amabili enkolo avela ngekhulu lesibili B.C.E.—amaEssene nabaFarisi. Kokubili amaEssene nabaFarisi bathatha imfundiso yamaGreki yokungafi komphefumulo. Ababehluke kubona ngokungakholelwa ekuphileni ngemva kokufa kwakungabaSadusi. IBhayibheli likhuluma ngokwehlukana okwakukhona phakathi kwabaSadusi nabaFarisi ngesikhathi sabaphostoli. (IzEnzo 23:7-10) IThe Concise Jewish Encyclopedia ithi: “Ukungezwani phakathi kwalawa amabili kwaholela ekucekeni okukhulu nasempini yesizwe esisodwa.”
5 AmaZealots kwakungelinye ihlelo lamaJuda elalikhona ekhulwini lokuqala C.E. Kwakungabalweli bezwe lakubo abenza ingxenye enkulu ekugqugquzeleni ukuvukela okwaphumelela kwamaJuda ngokumelene namaRoma ngo-66 C.E. Ngemva kwalokhu afuna ukubusa amanye amahlelo enkolo ayehlomile eJerusalema, kwabangela impi yesizwe esisodwa nobuhlungu obukhulu. Ukulwa okunjalo ngezikhali phakathi kwamaqembu abangayo obuJuda kwaqhubeka njalo futhi ngisho naphakathi nokuvimbezela kokugcina kwamaRoma nokubhujiswa kweJerusalema ngo-70 C.E. Kusobala ukuthi ukwehlukana kwamahlelo nokungathembeki ekukhulekelweni okunobunye nokumsulwa kukaNkulunkulu oyedwa, uJehova, akuwasizanga ngalutho amaJuda.
AmaKristu Akuqala Ayengelona Ihlelo
6. Kungani amaKristu okuqala engazihlanganisanga namahlelo obuJuda?
6 Akudingeki nokusho, amaKristu akuqala awazihlanganisanga nombango wamaJuda wamahlelo. Ayazi ukuthi abaFarisi nabaSadusi babephakathi kwezitha zikaJesu ezinkulu. Abalandeli bakaKristu babengenakuhlanganyela inkolelo yamaEssene yokungafi komphefumulo futhi abazange banambithe ukuphila kwasesigodlweni nokokuzila. Futhi njengabangathathi-hlangothi ngokuqinisekile babengenalutho olufana namaZealots ayeshisekela izwe. (Johane 17:16; 18:36) Kunalokho, amaKristu aqhuba ukukhulekelwa okunobunye nokumsulwa kukaNkulunkulu oyedwa weqiniso, ngokuvumelana namazwi kaJesu kowesifazane ongesiye umJuda: “Kodwa isikhathi siyeza, sesikhona namanje, lapho abakhulekayo abaqinisileyo beyakukhuleka kuBaba ngomoya nangeqiniso.”—Johane 4:23.
7. Yini uJesu noPawulu abayisho, futhi abonisani amazwi abo maqondana nokukhulekela kweqiniso kobuKristu?
7 Ekhuluma ngamaKristu eqiniso, umphostoli uPawulu wathi: “Nokho kithina kukhona uNkulunkulu munye, uYise, okuvela kuye konke, nathi sikhonela yena, nenkosi inye, uJesu Kristu, okungaye konke, nathi sikhona ngaye.” (1 Korinte 8:6) UbuKristu beqiniso busho ukukhulekela ngobunye uNkulunkulu oyedwa, uYise, uJehova, ngeNkosi eyodwa, uJesu Kristu. UJesu watshela abafundi bakhe: “Munye umholi wenu, uKristu.”—Mathewu 23:10.
8. Kungani kwakungafanele ngamaKristu akuqala ukuba abizwe ngokuthi ihlelo?
8 Kuyiqiniso, amalungu amahlelo akade amiswa obuJuda ngokwedelela abiza amaKristu okuqala ngokuthi ayihlelo (ngesiGreki: haiʹresis, okubonisa “indikimba yamadoda azihlukanisa kwabanye futhi alandele imfundiso yawo siqu”). (IzEnzo 24:5; 28:22) Kodwa ekuziphenduleleni kwakhe phambi koMbusi uFeliksi, umphostoli uPawulu wakwenqaba lokhu kubizwa kabi, ethi: “NgeNdlela abathi [izitha zakhe zenkolo] iyihlelo ngiyamkhonza ngokunjalo uNkulunkulu wawobaba.” (IzEnzo 24:14) Akukho sizathu sokubiza amaKristu ngokuthi ayihlelo, ngoba ayengalandeli omunye umuntu ngaphandle kukaJesu Kristu. Futhi, ayengewona umxhantela wamanye amahlelo enkolo obuJuda ayekhona ekhulwini lokuqala C.E.
Akumelwe Kube Nokwehlukana Kwamahlelo
9, 10. (a) Kungani ubuKristu babungamelwe buhlukane bube amasonto ahlukene noma amahlelo? (b) Imiphi imicabango eyiphutha ngokuphelele ngemisuka yobuKristu?
9 UbuKristu bakuqala babungelona ihlelo. Futhi babungamiselwe ukuba buhlukane bube amahlelo ahlukene. Ethandaza kuYise, uKristu wacela ukuba abafundi bakhe babe “munye.” (Johane 17:21) Abafundi bakhe babe‘zothandana.’ (Johane 13:35) Lokhu kwakuvimbela noma ikuphi ukwenziwa kwamahlelo ahlukanisayo.
10 Leloqiniso libonisa amanga emibonweni eyayifundiswa izazi zomlando eziningi nezazi zesayensi yenkolo maqondana nezinhlobo ezihlukene zobuKristu. Bakhuluma “ngobuKristu bobuJuda” (okucatshangelwa ukuthi babuvikelwa uJakobe, uPetru noJohane) obuphambene no“buKristu babeZizwe” (okuthiwa babuvikelwa uPawulu). Babhekisela “embonweni kaJohannine [uJohane]” no“mbono kaPauline [uPawulu],” bethi ubuKristu babungeke neze busakazeke emhlabeni wonke ukuba uPawulu wayengazange abushintshe ngokuphelele. Imibono enjalo ivezwa abantu abangenalo ukholo ebuKristwini noma abakwamukela njengokuvamile ukwehlukana kweLobukholwa libe amakhulu amasonto noma amahlelo.
11. (a) Imiphi imibhalo efakazela ukuthi uPawulu akazange aqambe umqondo wokwandisa ubuKristu kwabangesiwo amaJuda? (b) Ingabe uPawulu wawavumela amahlelo ahlukanisayo? (c) Isiphi isenzakalo esibonisa ubunye bukaPawulu nezisebenzi ayekanye nazo?
11 Amaqiniso ahluke ngokuphelele. Ngaphambi kokuba uPawulu abe ngumKristu, uJesu Kritu wathuma abafundi baKhe ukuba babe ofakazi baKhe kuzo zonke izizwe. (Mathewu 28:19, 20; IzEnzo 1:8) UPawulu ngokwakhe walwa nanoma ikuphi ukuthambekela kokulandela abantu, futhi wathi: “Kungabikho ukwahlukana phakathi kwenu.” (1 Korinte 1:10-15; 3:3-5) Ngakho akunangqondo ukuthi uPawulu wayenombono ohlukile wobuKristu kunoJakobe, uPetru noJohane. Bonke babemunye emsebenzini wokusakaza izindaba ezinhle. Ngesinye isikhathi, cishe ngesikhathi somhlangano wendaba yokusoka owawuseJerusalema ngo-49 C.E., bobane babambisana ngokugcwele maqondana nokwehlukanisa insimu yokushunyayelwa.—Galathiya 2:7-9.
Izixwayiso Ngokumelene Noqhekeko
12. Ingabe kwakukhona ukungezwani okungapheli phakathi kukaPawulu noPetru?
12 Empeleni, ngenxa yokuba abantu abangaphelele, amaKristu akuqala—ngisho namanye ayenomthwalo wemfanelo onzima webandla—ayenokungezwani kwawo. EAntiyokiya yaseSiriya, uPawulu weluleka uPetru ngephuzu elithile. (Galathiya 2:11-14) Kodwa ingabe uPetru wahamba wayokwakha ihlelo elihlukile, njengokungathi wayengavumelani nobuKristu okuthiwa obukaPauline? Lutho neze, ngoba eminyakeni ethile kamuva, cishe ngo-64 C.E., wakhuluma ngoPawulu ngamazwi othando.—2 Petru 3:15, 16.
13, 14. (a) UPawulu ukubala kanye nani “ukwahlukana” no“kwalana”? (b) NgokukaPawulu, yini okumelwe yenziwe ngabashoshozela amahlelo?
13 Ngaphansi kokuphefumlelwa kwaphezulu uPawulu wabala “ukwalana” “nokwahlukana” phakathi “kwemisebenzi yenyama.” Wabhala: “Kepha imisebenzi yenyama isobala, engukuthi: ubufebe, nokungcola, namanyala, nokukhonza izithombe, nokuthakatha, nobutha nokulwa, nomona, nokuthukuthela, nokubanga, nokwalana, nokwahlukana . . . abenza okunje abayikulidla ifa lombuso kaNkulunkulu.”—Galathiya 5:19-21.
14 Njengoba labo ababanga “ukwalana” “nokwahlukana” ‘bengayikulidla ifa lombuso kaNkulunkulu,’ abanakuvunyelwa ebandleni lobuKristu leqiniso. Ngakho-ke, uPawulu wabhalela uThithu: “Kepha gwema imibuzo yobuwula, nezindaba zolibo lokuzalana, nokubanga nokuphikisana ngomthetho; ngokuba lokho akusizi, kuyize. Umuntu onezimfundiso ezidukisayo, eselulekwe kanye nakabili male, wazi ukuthi onjalo uphambukile, uyona, ezahlulela yena.”—Thithu 3:9-11.
Ubunye Benkolelo
15, 16. (a) Kungani kungekho ndawo yemibono ehlukene phakathi kwebandla lobuKristu, futhi yini uPawulu ayishoyo ngalokhu? (b) Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi umKristu akumelwe asebenzise ikhono lakhe lokucabanga? (c) Yini uPetru, uJuda noPawulu abayishoyo ngengozi yokungabaza nokudukiswa eqinisweni?
15 Ngokwakho konke lokhu osekushiwo kusobala ukuthi ubuKristu beqiniso abunakuhlukaniswa bube amasonto noma amahlelo. Futhi akunakuba khona ukuthambekela noma imibono ehlukeneyo phakathi kwebandla lobuKristu. UPawulu wabhalela abaseKorinte: “Kepha ngiyanincenga, bazalwane, ngegama leNkosi yethu uJesu Kristu ukuba nikhulume-zwilinye nonke, kungabikho ukwahlukana phakathi kwenu, kodwa nipheleliswe emqondweni munye nasekuboneni kunye.”—1 Korinte 1:10.
16 Lokhu akusho ukuthi ufakazi kaJehova ongumKristu weqiniso akanakusebenzisa ukucabanga kwakhe. Umphostoli uPetru wanxusa ukusebenzisa ‘ingqondo emhlophe’ ekwenqabeni “abahleki abahleka usulu” ababeyozikhukhumeza “ezinsukwini zokugcina” futhi baphike “ukuba khona” kukaKristu. (2 Petru 3:1-4) Encwadini yakhe, uJuda ukhuluma nga“banye abangabazayo.” (Juda 22) Kodwa uPetru noJuda abasho ukuthi umKristu angahlala engohleka usulu noma ongabazayo. UPetru usiyala ukuba ‘siqaphele’ “abangaqinile” ‘abahlanekezela imibhalo.’ (2 Petru 3:16, 17) UJuda uthi futhi abangabazayo basengozini futhi badinga ‘ukuhlwithwa emlilweni.’ (Juda 23) Labo abaye badukiswa eqinisweni badinga ukusizwa “ngobumnene,” ngethemba lokuthi ‘bangasanguluka, baphume ogibeni lukaSathane.’—2 Thimothewu 2:23-26.
17. Iyiphi indlela umKristu weqiniso angasebenzisa ngayo ingqondo yakhe, futhi yini ayozimisela ngokuqotho ukuyenza?
17 UmKristu weqiniso usebenzisa ‘ingqondo yakhe emhlophe’ ngendlela ethobekile. UPawulu uyabhala: “Ngiyanincenga ukuba nihambe ngokufanele ukubizwa enabizwa ngakho, ngokuthobeka konke nobumnene, ngokubheka kade nokubekezelelana ngothando, nikhuthalele ukugcina ubunye bukaMoya ngesibopho sokuthula; munye umzimba, munye uMoya, njengalokho nabizelwa ethembeni linye lokubizwa kwenu; yinye iNkosi, yinye inkolo, munye umbhapathizo; munye uNkulunkulu, uYise wabo bonke, ophezu kwabo bonke okubo bonke, ophakathi kwabo bonke.”—Efesu 4:1-6.
Indlela Ubunye Obufinyelelwa Ngayo Nobulondolozwa Ngayo
18. Yini echazwa yilamazwi (a) “munye uNkulunkulu”? (b) “yinye iNkosi”? (c) “munye umoya”? (d) Siyini isiqondiso esisodwa esilotshiwe sobuKristu?
18 UPawulu wathi “munye uNkulunkulu . . . ophezu kwabo bonke.” Noma, njengoba uMose ekubeka: “UJehova uNkulunkulu wethu, uJehova, munye.” (Duteronomi 6:4) Leloqiniso eliyisisekelo alizange lishintshe. Liyisici esiyisihluthulelo sobunye bobuKristu. UNkulunkulu munye futhi kunendlela eyodwa eyamukelekayo yokumkhulekela, “ngomoya nangeqiniso.” (Johane 4:23, 24) ‘INkosi eyodwa’ inguJesu Kristu, “inhloko yomzimba, ngisho ibandla.” (Kolose 1:18) ‘Umoya owodwa’ ubonisa amandla ayisiphekupheku ahlanganisayo kaJehova. UJesu watshela abafundi bakhe: “Kepha uMduduzi, uMoya oNgcwele, uBaba ayakumthumela egameni lami uyakunifundisa konke, anikhumbuze konke enginitshele khona. Ukuthula ngikushiya kinina, ukuthula kwami nginipha khona.” (Johane 14:26, 27) ‘Izinto abakhunjuzwa zona’ zazilotshwe emiBhalweni yamaKristu yesiGreki. Lena, kanye nemiBhalo yesiHeberu, yenza iBhayibheli, isiqondiso esisodwa esilotshiwe sobuKristu beqiniso.
19. Uyini ‘umzimba owodwa,’ futhi ubani oye wamiswa ukuba abele wonke amalungu awo ukudla okungokomoya okufanayo?
19 ‘Umzimba owodwa’ uyibandla lobuKristu, uJesu Kristu ayi“nhloko” yalo. (Efesu 1:22, 23) Amalungu ngamanye agcotshiwe alelibandla elinobunye wonke ayeyokwamukela ukudla okufanayo okungokomoya. Ngenxa yalokho, “inkosi” yawo yamisa isigaba esihlangene ‘sabaphathi abathembekile,’ indikimba yamaKristu agcotshiwe emhlabeni kusukela ngePentekoste ngo-33 C.E. Njengoba “inkosi” yathola abaseleyo balendikimba baba “ukudla” ngokwethembeka nangokuqonda lapho ifika izohlola ngo-1919, yabamisa “phezu kwakho konke enakho.” (Luka 12:42-44) Amaqiniso abonisa ukuthi kusukela ngo-1919 lo“mphathi” uye wanakekela ngokwethembeka lokhu “enakho.”
20. (a) KuIsaya 65:11, 13, ikuphi ukuqhathanisa okwenziwa phakathi kwabantu bakaNkulunkulu nezihlubuki zenkolo? (b) Yini eye yanezela kakhulu ebunyeni babantu bakaJehova?
20 Abefundisi bamasonto amaningi namahlelo eLobukholwa batholakala benganikezi isabelo so“kudla” okufanele okungokomoya “kwabendlu” kaKristu. Ngakho, labefundisi nemihlambi yabo ‘balambile’ ngokomoya. (Isaya 65:11, 13) Ngakolunye uhlangothi, “umphathi othembekileyo” uye wagcina inala yo“kudla ngesikhathi sakho” ngenxa yamaKristu ngamanye agcotshiwe, futhi, kusukela ngo-1935, ngenxa ‘yesixuku esikhulu’ esikhulayo “sezinye izimvu.” (IsAmbulo 7:9, 10; Johane 10:16) Kungakhathaliseki ulimi noma indawo abakuyo, bonke labofakazi bakaJehova balandela isimiso esifanayo sokutadisha emhlabeni wonke esisekelwe eZwini likaNkulunkulu. Lokhu kuye kwenza okwengeziwe ekuthuthukiseni ubunye phakathi kwabo nokubulondoloza.
Ubunye Obumangalisayo Babantu BakaJehova
21. Ubunye bulondolozwa kanjani phakathi koFakazi BakaJehova namuhla, futhi lokhu kuqhathaniseka kanjani nelungiselelo lokuhleleka ezinsukwini zabaphostoli?
21 Ubunye bamabandla acela ezi-45 000 oFakazi BakaJehova emazweni angaphezu kwama-200 bulondolozwa futhi ngezindlela zabo ezingokomBhalo zokuhleleka. “Abaphostoli namalunga [abadala]” benza indikimba ebusayo yebandla lobuKristu lekhulu lokuqala. (IzEnzo 15:2) Bona kanye nababebamelele abangababonisi” abamisiwe “nezinceku ezikhonzayo” emabandleni benza ezinye izinqumo zokuphatha. (Filipi 1:1; Thithu 1:5; IzEnzo 14:23; 16:4) Ngokufanayo namuhla, iqembu labadala abangamaKristu agcotshiwe lenza iNdikimba Ebusayo yoFakazi BakaJehova. Futhi njengoba izinqumo zendikimba ebusayo yekhulu lokuqala zazidluliselwa emabandleni, nanamuhla amabandla oFakazi BakaJehova amukela iziyalezo ezivela eNdikimbeni Ebusayo nokuvakashelwa ababonisi abajikelezayo. (IzEnzo 15:22, 23, 30) Manje, njengakulesosikhathi, ‘amabandla ayaqhubeka eqiniswa ekukholweni futhi anda ngobuningi imihla ngemihla.’—IzEnzo 16:5.
22. Yini oFakazi BakaJehova abayazisa ngokukhethekile, futhi yini abayoqhubeka beyenza ngobunye?
22 OFakazi BakaJehova baye bakhululwa ekwehlukaneni kwamahlelo kweLobukholwa. Ngaphansi kokuqondisa ‘kweNkosi eyodwa’ yabo, uJesu Kristu, “nomphathi” wakhe, baqhubeka ngobunye ekumemezeleni “lelivangeli lombuso.” (Mathewu 24:14) Bayoqhubeka ‘bekhuthalele ukugcina ubunye bukaMoya ngesibopho sokuthula.’ Ngempela, ‘baqinile emoyeni munye, nangomphefumulo munye belwela ukholo lwevangeli.’—Efesu 4:3; Filipi 1:27.
Ingabe Uyawakhumbula Lamaphuzu?
□ Hlobo luni lokukhulekela olwalukhona ekuqaleni kuIsrayeli wasendulo?
□ Kusukela ekhulwini lesine B.C.E. kuye phambili, yini eyenzeka kumaJuda ayizihlubuki?
□ Imiphi imibhalo ebonisa ukuthi ubuKristu babungamiselwanga ukuba bube amahlelo?
□ IBhayibheli libonisa kanjani ukuthi akukho ndawo yemibono ehlukene yokucabanga phakathi kwebandla lobuKristu?
□ Iziphi izici ezinezela ebunyeni bokuzwana nobomsebenzi phakathi koFakazi BakaJehova?
[Isithombe ekhasini 21]
OFakazi BakaJehova bamunye ekukhulekeleni kwabo emhlabeni wonke