Mutu 3

Ayesedwa—Koma Akhulupirikabe kwa Yehova!

1, 2. Kodi n’zochitika zazikulu zotani zimene zinakhala kalambula bwalo wa zolembedwa m’buku la Danieli?

BUKU la ulosi wa Danieli likutseguka, ndipo zochitikazo zikuyambira panthaŵi ya kusintha kwakukulu kokhudza dziko lonse lapansi. Dziko la Asuri linali litangolandidwa kumene Nineve likulu lake. Igupto analandidwa mphamvu zake nangokhala ufumu wochepa mphamvu kumwera kwa dziko la Yuda. Ndipo Babulo anali kuŵirikiza mphamvu zake mofulumira kwambiri monga ulamuliro waukulu womenyera kukhala ulamuliro wa dziko lonse lapansi.

² Mu 625 B.C.E., Farao Neko wa ku Igupto anayesa komaliza kuti alimbane ndi Ababulo pofuna kuwalepheretsa kufutukukira kumwera. Ndi cholinga chimenecho, anatsogolera asilikali ake ku Karikemisi, kumtunda kwa mtsinje wa Firate. Nkhondo ya ku Karikemisi, malinga ndi mmene inadzatchedwera, inali yachamuna ndi yosaiŵalika m’mbiri. Asilikali achibabulo, motsogozedwa ndi Nebukadinezara, Kalonga Woloŵa Ufumu, anakantha koopsa asilikali a Farao Neko. (Yeremiya 46:2) Atakangaza ndi chigonjetso chimenecho, Nebukadinezara anagwetseratu Asuri ndi Palestina, nathetseratu ulamuliro wonse wa Aigupto m’chigawo chimenechi. Imfa ya Nabopolasa, atate ake, ndiyo yokha inaimitsako pang’ono mkupiti wake wothira ena nkhondo.

 3. Kodi panakhala zotsatira zotani Nebukadinezara ataukira Yerusalemu koyamba?

³ Chaka chotsatira, Nebukadinezara tsopano atakhala pampando monga mfumu ya Babulo, anayambanso mkupiti wake wankhondo ku Asuri ndi Palestina. Ndi m’nthaŵi imeneyi pamene iye anapita ku Yerusalemu kwa nthaŵi yoyamba. Baibulo limasimba kuti: “Masiku ake Nebukadinezara mfumu ya ku Babulo anakwerako, Yoyakimu nagwira mwendo wake [“nakhala mtumiki wake,” NW] zaka zitatu; pamenepo anatembenuka nam’pandukira.”—2 Mafumu 24:1.

NEBUKADINEZARA MU YERUSALEMU

 4. Kodi mawu akuti “chaka chachitatu cha Yehoyakimu mfumu” pa Danieli 1:1 ayenera kumvedwa motani?

⁴ Mawu akuti “zaka zitatu” n’ngofunika kwambiri kwa ife, pakuti mawu oyambirira a Danieli akunena kuti: “Chaka chachitatu cha Yehoyakimu mfumu ya Yuda, Nebukadinezara mfumu ya ku Babulo adadza ku Yerusalemu, naumangira misasa ya nkhondo.” (Danieli 1:1) M’chaka chachitatu cha ufumu wonse wa Yehoyakimu, yemwe analamulira kuchokera mu 628 mpaka 618 B.C.E., Nebukadinezara anali asanakhale “mfumu ya Babulo” koma anali Kalonga Woloŵa Ufumu. Mu 620 B.C.E., Nebukadinezara anaumiriza Yehoyakimu kumakhoma msonkho. Koma patapita zaka ngati zitatu, Yehoyakimu anapanduka. Choncho, munali mu 618 B.C.E., kapena m’chaka chachitatu cha ulamuliro wa Yehoyakimu monga mfumu yaing’ono ya Babulo, pamene Mfumu Nebukadinezara anapita ku Yerusalemu kachiŵiri, kuti akakhaulitse Yehoyakimu wogalukirayo.

 5. Kodi chinatsatirapo n’chiyani Nebukadinezara ataukira Yerusalemu kachiŵiri?

⁵ Mzindawo utazingidwa choncho ‘Yehova anapereka Yehoyakimu mfumu ya Yuda, m’dzanja lake, pamodzi ndi zipangizo zina za m’nyumba ya Mulungu.’ (Danieli 1:2) Yehoyakimu mwina anachita kuphedwa mwachiwembu kapena anafa polimbana m’nkhondo, m’masiku oyambirira a kuukirako. (Yeremiya 22:18, 19) Mu 618 B.C.E., Yehoyakini, mwana wake wamwamuna wa zaka 18, anam’loŵa m’malo nakhala mfumu. Koma ulamuliro wa Yehoyakini unangokhala miyezi itatu ndi masiku khumi, ndipo anadzipereka mu 617 B.C.E.—Yerekezani ndi 2 Mafumu 24:10-15.

 6. Kodi Nebukadinezara anatani nazo zipangizo zopatulika za m’kachisi wa ku Yerusalemu?

⁶ Nebukadinezara anafunkha zipangizo zopatulika za kachisi wa m’Yerusalemu “namuka nazo iye ku dziko la Sinara, ku nyumba ya mulungu wake, nalonga zipangizozo m’nyumba ya chuma cha mulungu wake,” Maduki, kapena Merodake m’Chihebri. (Danieli 1:2; Yeremiya 50:2) Mawu olembedwa achibabulo anapezeka osonyeza kuti Nebukadinezara ponena za kachisi wa Maduki anati: “Ndinasunga m’katimo siliva ndi golidi ndi miyala yamtengo wake . . . ndipo ndinaika mmenemo chuma cha ufumu wanga.” Tidzaŵerenganso za zipangizo zopatulika zimenezi m’masiku a Mfumu Belisazara.—Danieli 5:1-4.

AKACHENJEDE MWA ACHINYAMATA A YERUSALEMU

7, 8. Kuchokera pa Danieli 1:3, 4, ndi 6, kodi tingazindikirepo chiyani ponena za mbiri ya Danieli ndi anzake atatuwo?

⁷ Si chuma chokha cha m’kachisi wa Yehova chimene anatengera ku Babulo. Nkhaniyo imati: “Ndipo mfumu inauza Asipenazi mkulu wa adindo kuti abwere nawo ena a ana a Israyeli, a mbewu ya mafumu, ndi ya akalonga; anyamata opanda chilema, amaonekedwe okoma, aluso la nzeru zonse, ochenjera m’kudziŵa, aluntha lakuganizira, okhoza kuimirira m’chinyumba cha mfumu.”—Danieli 1:3, 4.

⁸ Kodi anasankhidwa ndani? Akutiuza kuti: “Mwa awa tsono munali a ana a Yuda, Danieli, Hananiya, Misayeli, ndi Azariya.” (Danieli 1:6) Zimenezi zikutiunikira pang’ono za mbiri yosadziŵika kwenikweni ya Danieli ndi anzakewo. Mwachitsanzo, tikuzindikira kuti iwo anali “ana a Yuda,” fuko lachifumu. Kaya iwo anachokera ku mbumba yachifumu kapena ayi, n’kwanzeru kuganiza kuti iwo anachokera ku mabanja olemekezeka ndi otchuka. Kuwonjezera pokhala opanda chilema m’maganizo ndi thupi, iwo anali ndi luso lozindikira, nzeru, chidziŵitso, ndi luntha—onse anali a msinkhu woti n’kutchedwabe “ana,” mwina a zaka pakati pa 13 ndi 16. Danieli ndi anzakewo ayenera kuti anali apadera—akachenjede—pakati pa achinyamata a m’Yerusalemu.

 9. N’chifukwa chiyani kuli koonekeratu kuti Danieli ndi anzake atatuwo anali ndi makolo oopa Mulungu?

⁹ Nkhaniyo siikutiuza za makolo a anyamata ameneŵa. Komabe, kukuoneka kukhala kotsimikizika kuti makolowo anali anthu oopa Mulungu amene anasamaliradi udindo wawo waukholo. Poganizira za kuwonongeka kwa uzimu ndi khalidwe m’Yerusalemu panthaŵiyo, makamaka pakati pa ‘mbewu ya mafumu ndi akalonga,’ n’zoonekeratu kuti mikhalidwe yochititsa kaso yopezeka mwa Danieli ndi anzake atatuwo sanaipeze mwangozi. Mwachionekere, zinali zopweteka mtima kwa makolowo kuona ana awo akutengeredwa kudziko lakutali. Koma akanadziŵa zotsatira zake, akananyadira kwabasi! Ha! kufunika kwake nanga, koti makolo alere ana awo “m’maleredwe ndi chilangizo cha Ambuye.”—Aefeso 6:4.

NKHONDO YA M’MAGANIZO

10. Kodi achinyamata achihebriwo anaphunzitsidwa chiyani, ndipo cholinga cha zimenezo chinali chiyani?

¹⁰ Posakhalitsa, nkhondo inayambika m’maganizo mwa akaidi achinyamata ameneŵa. Pofuna kutsimikiza kuti anyamata achihebriwo akule ndi kuumbika molingana ndi chikhalidwe chachibabulo, Nebukadinezara analamula kuti nduna zake ziwaphunzitse “m’mabuku, ndi manenedwe a Akasidi.” (Danieli 1:4) Amenewo sanali maphunziro wamba ayi. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia imalongosola kuti “anaphatikizapo kuphunzira Chisumeriya, Chiakadiya, Chialamu . . . , ndi zinenero zina, limodzinso ndi mabuku ambiri olembedwa m’zinenerozo.” “Mabuku ambiri” anali a mbiri yakale, masamu, openda zakuthambo, ndi zina zotero. Komabe, “zolemba zina zachipembedzo, ponse paŵiri zamalaulo ndi zokhulupirira nyenyezi . . . , zinali mbali yaikulu.”

11. Kodi panatengedwa masitepe otani pofuna kutsimikiza kuti anyamata achihebriwo azoloŵere moyo wa m’bwalo la mfumu lachibabulo?

¹¹ Pofuna kuti anyamata achihebri ameneŵa atengere kotheratu miyambo ndi chikhalidwe cha moyo wa m’bwalo la mfumu lachibabulo, “mfumu inawaikira gawo la chakudya cha mfumu tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi la vinyo wakumwa iye, ndi kuti awalere zaka zitatu, kuti potsiriza pake aimirire pamaso pa mfumu.” (Danieli 1:5) Kuwonjezera pamenepo, “mkulu wa adindo anawapatsa mayina ena; Danieli anamutcha Belitsazara; ndi Hananiya, Sadrake, ndi Misaeli, Mesaki; ndi Azariya, Abedinego.” (Danieli 1:7) M’nthaŵi za m’Baibulo unali mchitidwe wofala kupatsa munthu dzina latsopano monga chizindikiro cha chochitika china chachikulu m’moyo wake. Mwachitsanzo, Yehova anasintha mayina a Abramu ndi Sarai kukhala Abrahamu ndi Sara. (Genesis 17:5, 15, 16) Kuti munthu asinthe dzina la munthu wina ndi umboni woonekeratu wakuti wosintha dzina la winayo ali ndi mphamvu kapena ulamuliro. Pamene Yosefe anakhala woyang’anira chakudya mu Igupto, Farao anamutcha Zafenati-Panea.—Genesis 41:44, 45; yerekezani ndi 2 Mafumu 23:34; 24:17.

12, 13. N’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti cholinga chosinthira mayina a Ahebriwo chinali kuyesetsa kuwononga chikhulupiriro chawo?

¹² M’chochitika cha Danieli ndi Ahebri anzake atatuwo, kusintha mayinako kunali chinthu chachikulu. Mayina amene makolo awo anawapatsa anali ogwirizana ndi kulambira Yehova. “Danieli” limatanthauza kuti “Woweruza Wanga Ndi Mulungu.” Tanthauzo la Hananiya n’lakuti “Yehova Wandiyanja.” “Misaeli” liyenera kuti likutanthauza kuti “Afanana Ndi Mulungu Ndani?” “Azariya” limatanthauza kuti “Yehova Wathandiza.” Mosakayikira makolo awo ankafunitsitsa kuti ana awo akule ndi chitsogozo cha Yehova Mulungu nakakhale atumiki ake okhulupirika.

¹³ Komabe, mayina atsopano opatsidwa kwa Ahebri anayiwo onse anali ogwirizana kwambiri ndi mayina a milungu yonyenga, pofuna kuonetsa ngati Mulungu woona anagonja ku milungu imeneyo. Konseko kunali kuyesetsa mwamachenjera kuti awononge chikhulupiriro cha anyamatawo!

14. Kodi mayina atsopano opatsidwa kwa Danieli ndi anzake atatuwo akutanthauzanji?

¹⁴ Dzina la Danieli linasinthidwa kukhala Belitsazara, lotanthauza kuti “Teteza Moyo wa Mfumu.” Mwachionekere, chimenechi chinali chidule cha mawu opembedzera Beli, kapena Maduki, mlungu wamkulu wa Babulo. Kaya Nebukadinezara anali ndi mbali posankhira Danieli dzina limeneli kapena ayi, iye ananyadira poona kuti linali “monga mwa dzina la mulungu [wake].” (Danieli 4:8) Hananiya anamutcha Sadrake, limene anthu ena aukumu amakhulupirira kuti linali dzina lophatikiza lotanthauza “Lamulo la Aku.” Ndipotu Aku linali dzina la mulungu wa Asumeriya. Misaeli anamutcha Mesaki (kapena, Mi·sha·aku), mwachionekere kusintha mwamachenjera mawu oti “Afanana ndi Mulungu Ndani?” kukhala “Ndani Ali Chimene Aku Ali?” Dzina lachibabulo la Azariya linali Abedinego, mwina lotanthauza kuti “Mtumiki wa Nego.” Ndipo “Nego” ndi dzina lina la “Nebo,” mulungu amene dzina lakelo linapatsidwa kwa olamulira ambiri achibabulo.

ANATSIMIKIZA MTIMA KUKHULUPIRIKABE KWA YEHOVA

15, 16. Kodi ndi ngozi zotani zimene tsopano zinayang’anizana ndi Danieli ndi anzakewo, ndipo iwowo anachita motani?

¹⁵ Mayina achibabulo, pologalamu ya maphunziro atsopano, ndi zakudya zapadera zonsezo zinali kuyesetsa kuti aphunzitse Danieli ndi anyamata ena achihebri atatuwo moyo wachibabulo komanso kuwapatutsa iwo kwa Mulungu wawo, Yehova, ndi pa chipembedzo chawo komanso chiyambi chawo. Kodi anyamata ochepa msinkhu choncho akanatani, poyang’anizana ndi kupondereza konseko ndi chiyeso chachikulu choncho?

¹⁶ Nkhani youziridwa imanena kuti: “Danieli anatsimikiza mtima kuti asadzidetse ndi chakudya cha mfumu, kapena ndi vinyo amamwa.” (Danieli 1:8a) Ngakhale kuti Danieli ndiye yekha anatchulidwa ndi dzina, zotsatirapo zimaonetsa kuti anzake atatuwonso anasankha mofanana naye. Mawu akuti “anatsimikiza mtima” amasonyeza kuti chilangizo cha makolo a Danieli ndi ena kunyumba chinam’fika pamtima. Mosakayika, chiphunzitso chofananacho chinatsogolera Ahebri atatu enawo pakusankha kwawo. Zimenezi zikusonyeza bwino lomwe phindu lophunzitsa ana athu, ngakhale angaoneke ngati akadali aang’ono moti satha kuzindikira zinthu.—Miyambo 22:6; 2 Timoteo 3:14, 15.

17. N’chifukwa chiyani Danieli ndi anzakewo anangokana zakudya za mfumu zokha koma osati makonzedwe enawo?

¹⁷ N’chifukwa chiyani anyamata achihebriwo anangokana zakudya zonona ndi vinyo koma osati makonzedwe ena onse? Kalingaliridwe ka Danieli kakusonyeza chifukwa chake: Anafuna kuti “asadzidetse.” ‘Kuwaphunzitsa m’mabuku, ndi manenedwe a Akasidi’ ndi kupatsidwa dzina lachibabulo, zingakhale zoipa chotani, kwenikweni sizingaipitse munthu. Taganizirani chitsanzo cha Mose, pafupifupi zaka 1,000 izi zisanachitike. Ngakhale kuti “Mose anaphunzira nzeru zonse za Aigupto,” anakhalabe wokhulupirika kwa Yehova. Njira imene makolo ake anam’lera nayo inam’patsa maziko olimba. Potsirizira pake, “ndi chikhulupiriro Mose, atakula msinkhu, anakana kutchedwa mwana wake wa mwana wamkazi wa Farao; nasankhula kuchitidwa zoipa pamodzi ndi anthu a Mulungu, kosati kukhala nazo zokondweretsa za zoipa nthaŵi [“za kanthaŵi,” NW].”—Machitidwe 7:22; Ahebri 11:24, 25.

18. Kodi zakudya za mfumuzo zikanadetsa anyamata achihebriwo m’njira yotani?

¹⁸ Kodi zakudya za Mfumu ya Babulo zimenezo zikanawadetsa motani anyamatawo? Choyamba, n’kutheka kuti zakudyazo zinaphatikizapo zakudya zoletsedwa ndi Chilamulo cha Mose. Mwachitsanzo, Ababulo anali kudya nyama zodetsedwa, zimene Chilamulo chinaletsa Aisrayeli kudya. (Levitiko 11:1-31; 20:24-26; Deuteronomo 14:3-20) Chachiŵiri, Ababulo sankhakhetsa nyama magazi pofuna kudya nyama yake. Kudya nyama yosakhetsedwa kunali kulakwira lamulo la Yehova pankhani ya magazi. (Genesis 9:1, 3, 4; Levitiko 17:10-12; Deuteronomo 12:23-25) Chachitatu, alambiri a milungu yonama anali ndi mwambo wopereka chakudya ku mafano awo asanadye chakudya chachiyanjanitso. Atumiki a Yehova sakanachita nawo zimenezo! (Yerekezani ndi 1 Akorinto 10:20-22.) Chomalizira, kutengeka ndi zakudya zonona ndi zakumwa zaukali tsiku ndi tsiku kunali kowononga thanzi la anthu a msinkhu uliwonse, makamaka achinyamata.

19. Kodi anyamata achihebriwo akanakhala ndi maganizo odzikhululukira otani, koma chinawathandiza n’chiyani kuti akhale ndi maganizo abwino?

¹⁹ Kudziŵa chochita ili nkhani ina, koma ndi nkhani inanso kuti ulimbe mtima ndi kuchita chimenecho utapsinjidwa kapena poyesedwa. Akanafuna, Danieli ndi anzake atatuwo akanaganiza kuti popeza anali kutali ndi makolo ndi mabwenzi awo, onsewo sakanadziŵa zimene akanachita. Akanadzikhululukiranso kuti linali lamulo la mfumu ndipo sakanachitira mwina. Kuwonjezera pa zimenezo, achinyamata ena mosakayikira anavomereza mofunitsitsa makonzedwewo powaona kukhala mwayi wapadera, osati vuto ayi. Koma kalingaliridwe kolakwa koteroko kakanawagwetsera m’mbuna yochimwa kuseri, umene uli msampha kwa achinyamata ambiri. Anyamata achihebri amenewo anadziŵa kuti “maso a Yehova ali ponseponse” ndi kuti “Mulungu adzanena mlandu wa zochita zonse, ndi zobisika zonse, ngakhale zabwino ngakhale zoipa.” (Miyambo 15:3; Mlaliki 12:14) Tiyeni tonsefe titengerepo phunziro pakachitidwe ka anyamata atatu okhulupirika ameneŵa.

ANAFUPIDWA POLIMBIKA MTIMA NDI KUPIRIRA

20, 21. Kodi Danieli anachitapo chiyani, ndipo zotsatirapo zinali zotani?

²⁰ Atatsimikiza mumtima mwake kutsutsa zodetsazo, Danieli anapitiriza kuchita mogwirizana ndi chosankha chake. “Anapempha [“anapitiriza kupempha,” NW] mkulu wa adindo am’lole asadzidetse.” (Danieli 1:8b) “Anapitiriza kupempha.” Ameneŵa ndi mawu ofunikira kuwazindikira. Kaŵirikaŵiri, timafunikira kuyesetsa mosalekeza kuti tipambane polimbana ndi ziyeso kapena pofuna kugonjetsa chofooka chinachake.—Agalatiya 6:9.

²¹ Kwa Danielinso, kulimbikira kunam’pindulitsa. “Mulungu anam’kometsera Danieli mtima wa mkulu wa adindo, am’chitire chifundo.” (Danieli 1:9) Potsirizira pake zinthu zinawayendera bwino zedi. Koma sichinali chifukwa chakuti Danieli ndi anzakewo anali okongola m’maonekedwe komanso anzeru ayi. Chinali chifukwa cha dalitso la Yehova. Mosakayika Danieli anakumbukira mwambi wachihebri wakuti: “Khulupirira Yehova ndi mtima wako wonse, osachirikizika pa luntha lako; um’lemekeze m’njira zako zonse, ndipo Iye adzaongola mayendedwe ako.” (Miyambo 3:5, 6) Kutsatira uphungu umenewo kunali kopindulitsa kwenikweni.

22. N’chiyani chimene mdindo wa m’bwalo anakana kuchita ngakhale kuti kukana kwake kunali komveka?

²² Poyamba, mdindo wamkulu wa m’bwalo anakana nati: “Ine ndiopa mbuyanga mfumu, amene anakuikirani chakudya chanu ndi chakumwa chanu; pakuti aonerenji nkhope zanu zachisoni zoposa za anyamata olingana ndi inu? Momwemo mudzapalamulitsa mutu wanga kwa mfumu.” (Danieli 1:10) Kukana kumeneko ndi mantha ake zinali zomveka. Mfumu Nebukadinezara sanali munthu woti n’kumva kukana kwa wina, ndipo mdindoyo anazindikira kuti “mutu” wake ukanakhala pangozi akanati achite zosiyana ndi malangizo a mfumu. Ndiye Danieli akanatani pamenepo?

23. Kodi zimene Danieli anachita pamenepo zinaonetsa motani luntha ndi nzeru?

²³ Apa ndiye panafunikira luntha ndi nzeru. Danieli wachinyamatayo mwinamwake anakumbukira mwambi wakuti: “Mayankhidwe ofatsa abweza mkwiyo; koma mawu oŵaŵitsa aputa msunamo.” (Miyambo 15:1) M’malo moti aumirire kuti chimene wapempha chichitike basi, zimene mwachionekere zikanaputa ena amene akanamupha chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chake, Danieli anangogoneka nkhaniyo. Panthaŵi yoyenera, anakafikira “kapitawo,” amene mwina anali wofeŵerapo ndi wololera pang’ono chifukwa sanali ndi udindo wochita mwachindunji ndi mfumu.—Danieli 1:11.

APEREKA MAGANIZO OTI AWAYESE KWA MASIKU KHUMI

24. Kodi Danieli anapereka maganizo oti pakhale kuyesa kotani?

²⁴ Kwa kapitawoyo, Danieli akupereka maganizo oti awayese, akumati: “Muyesetu anyamata anu masiku khumi; atipatse zomera m’nthaka tidye, ndi madzi timwe. Pamenepo mupenye maonekedwe athu ndi maonekedwe a anyamata akudya chakudya cha mfumu; ndi monga umo muonera, muchitire anyamata anu.”—Danieli 1:12, 13.

25. Kodi “zomera m’nthaka” zimene Danieli ndi anzake atatuwo anali kupatsidwa ziyenera kuti zinaphatikizapo chiyani?

²⁵ Masiku khumi akudya ‘zomera m’nthaka ndi madzi’ basi. Kodi iwo adzaoneka ndi ‘nkhope zachisoni’ powayerekeza ndi enawo? Mawu akuti “zomera m’nthaka” anatembenuzidwa kuchokera ku mawu achihebri otanthauza “mbewu.” Mabaibulo ena amati “zanyemba,” kutanthauza “mbewu zamitundumitundu (monga nsawawa, nyemba, kapena mphodza).” Akatswiri ena a maphunziro amaganiza kuti nkhaniyo imasonyeza chakudya chophatikizapo zina kuwonjezera pa mbewu zodibwa. Buku lina limati: “Zimene Danieli ndi anzakewo anapempha zinali ndiwo wamba zamasamba zimene ambiri anali kudya, osati chakudya chonona, chanyama cha pagome lachifumu.” Choncho, zomera za m’nthakazo ziyenera kuti zinaphatikizapo zakudya zopatsa thanzi zophatikizapo nyemba, mankhaka, adyo, anyezi wa leek, mphodza, mavwende, ndi anyenzi kudzanso buledi wamitundumitundu. Ndithudi palibe anganene kuti imeneyo ndi njala. Mwachionekere, kapitawoyo anaiona mfundo yake. “Ndipo anawamvera mawu awa, nawayesa masiku khumi.” (Danieli 1:14) Kodi zotsatira zinali zotani?

26. Kodi zotsatirapo zinali zotani za kuyesedwa kwa masiku khumi, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani zinthu zinakhala choncho?

²⁶ “Atatha masiku khumiwo tsono, anaona kuti maonekedwe awo ndi kunenepa kwawo anaposa anyamata onse adadyawo zakudya za mfumu.” (Danieli 1:15) Umenewu si umboni wakuti kudya zamasamba kuposa kudya nyama. Masiku khumi ndi nthaŵi yochepa kwambiri kuti mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya uonetse zotsatira zenizeni, koma si nthaŵi yochepa kwa Yehova pofuna kukwaniritsa cholinga chake. “Madalitso a Yehova alemeretsa, sawonjezerapo chisoni.” (Miyambo 10:22) Anyamata achihebri anayiwo anakhulupirira ndi kudalira Yehova, ndipo iye sanawasiye konse. Zaka mazana ambiri pambuyo pake, Yesu Kristu anakhala ndi moyo masiku 40 osadya chakudya. Pachimenechi, iye anagwira mawu a pa Deuteronomo 8:3, pamene timaŵerenga kuti: “Munthu sakhala wamoyo ndi mkate wokha, koma munthu akhala wamoyo ndi zonse zakutuluka m’kamwa mwa Yehova.” Zimene Danieli ndi anzakewo anakumana nazo ndi chitsanzo chenicheni cha mfundo imeneyi.

LUNTHA NDI NZERU ZIPOSA CHAKUDYA NDI VINYO

27, 28. Kodi chakudya chimene Danieli ndi anzake atatuwo anasankha chinawakonzekeretsa motani kulimbana ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zinali patsogolo?

²⁷ Masiku khumiwo anali ongoyesa chabe, koma zotsatira zake ndiye zinali zokhutiritsa koposa. “Pamenepo kapitawoyo anachotsa chakudya chawo ndi vinyo akadamwa, nawapatsa zomera m’nthaka.” (Danieli 1:16) N’zosavuta kuganizira mmene anyamata ena m’pologalamu yophunzitsayo anaonera Danieli ndi anzakewo. Kukana chakudya cha mfumu koma kumadya masamba tsiku ndi tsiku anakuona ngati kupusa kwenikweni. Koma ziyeso zoopsa ndi mayesero aakuludi anali patsogolo pa anyamata achihebriwo, ndipo zimenezo zikafuna kuti akhale atcheru ndi olama maganizo ndithu. Choposa zonse, chikhulupiriro ndi chidaliro chawo mwa Yehova n’zimene zikawadutsitsa m’ziyeso za chikhulupiriro chawo.—Yerekezani ndi Yoswa 1:7.

²⁸ Umboni woti Yehova anali ndi anyamata ameneŵa ukuoneka m’mawu omwe akutsatira: “Koma anyamata amene anayi, Mulungu anawapatsa chidziŵitso ndi luntha la m’mabuku alionse, ndi nzeru; koma Danieli anali nalo luntha la m’masomphenya ndi maloto onse.” (Danieli 1:17) Kuti athane ndi nthaŵi zovuta zimene zinali patsogolo pawo, anafunikira kanthu kena kuwonjezera pa nyonga ndi thanzi labwino. ‘Pakuti nzeru ikaloŵa m’mtima mwako, moyo wako udzakondwera ndi kudziŵa, kulingalira kudzakudikira, kuzindikira kudzakutchinjiriza; kukupulumutsa ku njira yoipa.” (Miyambo 2:10-12) Izo n’zimenedi Yehova anapatsa anyamata okhulupirika anayiwo powakonzekeretsa zomwe zidali patsogolo.

29. N’chifukwa chiyani Danieli anali ndi “luntha la m’masomphenya ndi maloto onse”?

²⁹ Kwanenedwa choncho kuti Danieli “anali nalo luntha la m’masomphenya ndi maloto onse.” Uku sindiko kuti iye anakhala wobwebweta. Ndipo ngakhale kuti Danieli akuonedwa kukhala mmodzi mwa aneneri aakulu achihebri, iye sanauziridwe kupereka zilengezo zonga zakuti “Ambuye Yehova atero” kapena akuti “Yehova wa makamu atero.” (Yesaya 28:16; Yeremiya 6:9) Komabe, kunali kokha mwa chitsogozo cha mzimu woyera wa Mulungu kuti Danieli anatha kuzindikira ndi kutanthauzira masomphenya ndi maloto omwe anavumbula cholinga cha Yehova.

CHIMAKE CHENICHENI CHA ZIYESO CHIFIKA

30, 31. Kodi njira imene Danieli ndi anzake anaisankha inatsimikizira motani kukhala yowapindulitsa?

³⁰ Zaka zitatu za kuphunzitsidwa ndi kudyetsedwa kuti akhale ndi thanzi zinatha. Kenako chinafika chimake chenicheni cha ziyeso—kufunsidwa pamaso pa mfumu yeniyeniyo. “Atatha masiku inanenawo mfumu kuti aloŵe nawo, mkulu wa adindo analoŵa nawo pamaso pa Nebukadinezara.” (Danieli 1:18) Nthaŵi inafika tsopano yoti anyamata anayiwo adzilankhulire okha. Kodi kumamatira ku malamulo a Yehova m’malo mogonja ku njira zachibabulo kukakhala kowapindulitsa?

³¹ “Ndipo mfumu inalankhula nawo, koma mwa iwo onse sanapezeka monga Danieli, Hananiya, Misaeli, ndi Azariya; naimirira iwo pamaso pa mfumu.” (Danieli 1:19) Kunena zoona, kachitidwe kawo pazaka zitatu zapitazo kanatsimikizira kukhala kanzeru kwenikweni! Sikunali kupusa pamene iwo anangodya zakudya zogwirizana ndi chikhulupiriro chawo ndi chikumbumtima chawo. Mwa kukhala okhulupirika m’zimene zinaoneka ngati zazing’ono, Danieli ndi anzakewo anadalitsidwa ndi zinthu zazikulu. Mwayi ‘woimirira pamaso pa mfumu’ unali cholinga chimene mnyamata wina aliyense papologalamuyo ya maphunziro anali kumenyera. Kaya ngati anyamata achihebri anayiwo ndiwo okha anasankhidwa, Baibulo silinanene. Koma chachikulu n’chakuti, kukhulupirika kwawoko kunawadzetseradi “mphotho yaikulu.”—Salmo 19:11.

32. N’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti Danieli, Hananiya, Misaeli, ndi Azariya anali ndi mwayi waukulu kwambiri woposa kukhala m’bwalo la mfumu?

³² “Kodi upenya munthu wofulumiza [“waluso pa,” NW] ntchito zake? Adzaima pamaso pa mafumu,” amatero Malemba. (Miyambo 22:29) Chotero, Danieli, Hananiya, Misaeli, ndi Azariya anasankhidwa ndi Nebukadinezara kukaimirira pamaso pa mfumu, ndiko kuti, kumakhala m’bwalo la mfumu. M’zonsezi, titha kuona dzanja la Yehova likuyendetsa zinthu kotero kuti mwa anyamata ameneŵa makamaka kudzera mwa Danieli, mbali zofunika kwambiri za cholinga cha Mulungu zidziŵike. Ngakhale kuti chinali chinthu cholemekezeka kusankhidwa kukhala m’bwalo la mfumu Nebukadinezara, cholemekezeka kopambana chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito m’njira yodabwitsa imeneyo ndi Mfumu ya Chilengedwe Chonse, Yehova.

33, 34. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani mfumu inasangalatsidwa ndi anyamata achihebriwo? (b) Ndipo pali phunziro lanji kwa ife pa chochitika cha Ahebri anayiŵa?

³³ Posakhalitsa Nebukadinezara anazindikira kuti nzeru ndi luntha limene Yehova anapatsa anyamata achihebri anayiwo inapambana kwenikweni ija ya aphungu onse ndi amuna anzeru onse a m’bwalo lake. “Ndipo m’mawu alionse anzeru ndi aluntha, amene mfumu inawafunsira, inawapeza akuposa alembi [“ansembe ochita matsenga,” NW] ndi openda onse m’ufumu wake wonse.” (Danieli 1:20) Zikanachitikiranso mwina ngati? “Ansembe ochita matsenga” ndi “openda” anadalira maphunziro wamba ndi zamalaulo zachibabulo, pamene Danieli ndi anzakewo anadalira nzeru yochokera kumwamba. Sakanalingana nawo m’pangono pomwe—sipakanakhalanso ngakhale kupikisana kulikonse!

³⁴ Chichokere nthaŵi imeneyo mpaka pano zinthu sizinasinthe kwenikweni. M’zaka za zana loyamba C.E., pamene filosofi ya Agiriki ndi lamulo la Aroma zinali zowanda, mtumwi Paulo anauziridwa kulemba kuti: “Nzeru ya dziko lino lapansi ili yopusa kwa Mulungu. Pakuti kwalembedwa, Iye agwira anzeru m’chenjerero lawo; ndiponso Ambuye azindikira zolingirira za anzeru, kuti zili zopanda pake. Chifukwa chake palibe mmodzi adzitamande mwa anthu.” (1 Akorinto 3:19-21) Lerolino, tiyenera kugwiritsitsa zimene Yehova watiphunzitsa ndi kuti tisagwedezeke ndi zokopa ndi zokongola za dzikoli.—1 Yohane 2:15-17.

KUKHULUPIRIKA MPAKA MAPETO

35. Kodi tikudziŵitsidwa zotani ponena za anzake a Danieli atatuwo?

³⁵ Danieli chaputala 3 akusonyeza mwamphamvu chikhulupiriro cholimba cha Hananiya, Misaeli, ndi Azariya, ponena za fano lagolidi m’chidikha cha Dura ndi chiyeso cha m’ng’anjo ya moto. Ahebri oopa Mulungu ameneŵa mosakayika konse anakhulupirikabe kwa Yehova mpaka imfa yawo. Timadziŵa zimenezi chifukwa mtumwi Paulo mosakayikira amanena za iwo pamene analemba za aja ‘amene mwa chikhulupiriro . . . anazima mphamvu ya moto.’ (Ahebri 11:33, 34) Iwo ndi zitsanzo zapadera kwa Akristu a Yehova, achinyamata ndi achikulire omwe.

36. Kodi Danieli anali ndi ntchito yapadera yotani?

³⁶ Ponena za Danieli, vesi lomalizira la chaputala 1 likuti: “Nakhala moyo Danieli mpaka chaka choyamba cha Koresi.” Mbiri imaunika kuti Koresi anagwetsa Babulo usiku umodzi, mu 539 B.C.E. Mwachionekere, chifukwa cha khalidwe lake labwino ndi thanzi lake, Danieli anapitiriza kutumikira m’bwalo la mfumu Koresi. Chifukwa chake, Danieli 10:1 amatiuza kuti “chaka chachitatu cha Koresi mfumu ya Perisiya,” Yehova anavumbula nkhani yofunika kwa Danieli. Ngati panthaŵiyo anali mnyamata wa zaka pakati pa 13 ndi 19 potengeredwa ku Babulo mu 617 B.C.E., anayenera kuti anali ndi zaka pafupifupi 100 pamene analandira masomphenya omalizirawo. Imeneyo inalidi ntchito ya zaka zambiri komanso yodalitsa kwenikweni, yochitidwa mokhulupirika kwa Yehova!

37. Kodi tingapezepo maphunziro otani popenda Danieli chaputala cha 1?

³⁷ Cholinga cha chaputala choyambirira cha buku la Danieli sindicho kungotidziŵitsa za anyamata okhulupirika anayi omwe akupambana poyang’anizana ndi ziyeso za chikhulupiriro chawo. Chimatisonyezanso kuti Yehova atha kugwiritsa ntchito wina aliyense amene afuna kuti akwaniritse cholinga chake. Nkhaniyo imatsimikizira kuti ngati Yehova walola, chinthu chimene chingaoneke ngati tsoka chitha kukwaniritsa cholinga chabwino. Ndipo chimatisonyezanso kuti kukhulupirika m’zinthu zazing’ono kumadzetsa mphotho yaikulu.

KODI MWAZINDIKIRA CHIYANI?

• Kodi tinganene chiyani za mbiri ya Danieli ndi anyamata anzake atatuwo?

• Kodi kaleredwe kabwino ka anyamata achihebri anayiwo kanakumana motani ndi chiyeso m’Babulo?

• Kodi Yehova anawadalitsa motani Ahebri anayiwo chifukwa cha kulimba mtima kwawo?

• Ndi maphunziro otani amene atumiki a Yehova a lerolino angatenge kwa Danieli ndi anzake atatuwo?

[Chithunzi chachikulu patsamba 30]