Chimene Chikondi cha Mulungu Chimatanthauza
“Pakuti ichi ndi chikondi cha Mulungu, kuti tisunge malamulo ake.”—1 Yohane 5:3.
1. Ndimotani mmene tingasonyezere chikondi kaamba ka Mulungu, ndipo nchiyani chomwe chidzatulukapo?
PONENA za thayo limene anthu ali nalo la kulambira Mulungu, Yesu ananena kuti: “Uzikonda [Yehova, NW] Mulungu wako ndi mtima wako wonse, ndi moyo wako wonse, ndi nzeru zako zonse.” (Mateyu 22:37) Ndimotani mmene tiyenera kusonyezera chikondi chimenechi? Baibulo likuyankha kuti: “Pakuti ichi ndi chikondi cha Mulungu, kuti tisunge malamulo ake.” (1 Yohane 5:3) Ndi chotulukapo chabwino chotani kwa awo omwe amatero? Yohane ananena kuti: “Iye amene akhala m’chikondi akhala mwa Mulungu.”—1 Yohane 4:16b.
2. Ndani yekha yemwe ayenera kulandira kulambira kwathu?
2 Ngati timakonda Mulungu, sitidzapereka kulambira kwathu ku cholengedwa chirichonse, chamoyo kapena chakufa, koma kwa Mulungu yekha. (Luka 4:7, 8) Mtumwi Petro, ndipo ngakhale mngelo, anakana kulandira kulambira kuchokera kwa anthu. (Machitidwe 10:25, 26; Chibvumbulutso 22:8, 9) Ndiponso, Yesu anasonyeza kuti amayi ake, Mariya, sayenera kupatsidwa ulemu wa kulambira uliwonse, popeza kuti woterowo uli kokha wa Mulungu. (Luka 11:27, 28; Yohane 2:3, 4; Chibvumbulutso 4:11) Kulunjikitsa molakwika kulambira kwa wina kudzatulukamo m’kusemphana ndi malamulo a Mulungu, popeza kuti “palibe munthu angathe kukhala kapolo wa ambuye aŵiri.”—Mateyu 6:24.
Kugwiritsira Ntchito kwa Mtanda m’Chipembedzo
3. Ndimotani mmene Chikristu cha Dziko chimawonera kugwiritsira ntchito kwa mtanda?
3 Palinso zinthu zopanda moyo zomwe zitapatulikitsidwa zingatsogolere ku kuswa malamulo a Mulungu. Pakati pa zotchuka kwambiri uli mtanda. Kwa mazana angapo wakhala ukugwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi anthu mu Chikristu cha Dziko monga mbali ya kulambira kwawo. The New Encyclopædia Britannica imatcha mtanda kukhala “chizindikiro chachikulu cha chipembedzo cha Chikristu.” Mu mlandu wa m’bwalo lamilandu mu Grisi, Tchalitchi cha Greek Orthodox chinakhoza ngakhale kugamulapo kuti awo omwe amakana ‘Mtanda Woyera’ sali Akristu. Koma kodi mtanda ndithudi ule chizindikiro cha Chikristu? Nkuti kumene unayambira?
4, 5. (a) Nchiyani chomwe dikishonale imanena ponena za liwu lakuti stau·rosʹ, lotembenuzidwa “mtanda” m’Mabaibulo ena a Chingelezi? (b) Ndi kuti kumene kugwiritsira ntchito kwa mtanda kunayambira?
4 Chipangizo cha imfa ya Yesu chikuwonedwa m’ndime za Baibulo, monga ngati Mateyu 27:32 ndi 40. Pamenepo liwu la Chigriki stau·rosʹ latembenuzidwa kukhala “mtanda” m’Mabaibulo a Chingelezi osiyanasiyana. Koma kodi stau·rosʹ inatanthauzanji m’zana loyamba pamene Malemba a Chigriki ankalembedwa? An Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words, ndi W. E. Vine, ikunena kuti: “Stauros . . . imaimira, choyamba, chikhomo chowongoka kapena mlongoti. Pa zoterozo ochimwa anakhomeredwa kaamba ka kuphedwa. Ponse paŵiri nauni [stau·rosʹ] ndi verebu stauroō, kumangiridwa ku mlongoti kapena chikhomo, ayenera poyambirirapo kusiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa mtanda wa tchalitchi wokhala ndi zopingasa ziŵiri. Mtundu wa chomwe changotchulidwa kumenecho uli ndi chiyambi chake mu Chaldea wakale, ndipo unagwiritsiridwa ntchito monga chizindikiro cha mulungu Tamuzi (pokhala mu mtundu wa Tau yachinsinsi, lemba loyambirira la dzina lake) m’dziko limenelo ndi m’maiko apafupi, kuphatikizapo Igupto.”
5 Vine akupitirizabe kunena kuti: “Podzafika pakati pa zana la 3 A.D. matchalitchi anali atapatuka, kapena kutsatira, ziphunzitso zinazake za chikhulupiriro cha Chikristu. Ndi cholinga chofuna kuwonjezera kutchuka kwa mpatukowo dongosolo la chipembedzo la mpatuko lachikunja linalandiridwa m’matchalitchi pambali pa kuloŵetsedwanso ndi chikhulupiriro, ndipo analoledwa kwakukulukulu kusungilira zizindikiro zawo zachikunja ndi ziphiphiritso. Chotero Tau kapena T, mu mkhalidwe wake wa kaŵirikaŵiri, wokhala ndi mtengo wopingasa utatsitsidwa pang’ono, unatengedwa kuimira mtanda wa Kristu.”
6, 7. (a) Ndi kuchokera kuti kumene liwu lakuti “mtanda” limachokera, ndipo nchifukwa ninji kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake mu Mabaibulo a Chingelezi sikuli kolungamitsidwa? (b) Ndimotani mmene kugwiritsira ntchito kwa Baibulo kwa liwu lakuti xyʹlon kumatsimikizira kuti stau·rosʹ unali mlongoti wowongoka?
6 The Companion Bible, pansi pa mutu wakuti “Mtanda ndi Kukhomeredwa,” ikudziŵitsa kuti: “Liwu lathu al Chingelezi ‘cross’ (mtanda) liri kutembenuzidwa kwa la Chilatin lakuti crux; koma la Chigriki lakuti stauros silimatanthauzanso crux monga mmene liwu lakuti ‘ndodo’ silimatanthauza ‘ndodo yoyendera.’ Homer akugwiritsira ntchito liwu lakuti stauros la mtengo wamba kapena mlongoti, kapena chidutswa chimodzi cha chisigwidi. Ndipo iri ndilo tanthauzo ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa liwulo kupyola m’zolembedwa za Chigriki zonse. Ilo silimatanthauza konse zidutswa ziŵiri za chisigwidi zoikidwa modutsana china ndi chinzake. . . . Palibe chirichonse m’Chigriki cha C[hipangano] C[hatsopano] chomwe chimakhoza ngakhale kutanthauza zidutsa ziŵiri za chisigwidi.”
7 Liwu lina la Chigriki, xyʹlon, limagwiritsiridwa ntchito m’Baibulo kulozera ku chipangizo pa chimene Yesu anafera. Liwu limeneli limathandizira kusonyeza kuti stau·rosʹ unali mlongoti wowongoka wopanda mtengo wopingasa. Monga mmene The Companion Bible ikulongosolera kuti: “Liwu lakuti [xyʹlon] . . . mwachisawawa limatanthauza chidutswa cha nkhuni yowuma, kapena chisigwidi, cha moto kapena chifuno china chirichonse. . . . Popeza kuti liwu lotsirizira limeneli [xyʹlon] likugwiritsiridwa ntchito kaamba ka lapapitalo stauros, ilo limatisonyeza ife kuti tanthauzo la lirilonse liri m’chenicheni lofanana. . . . Ndicho chifukwa chake pali kugwiritsira ntchito kwa liwu la [xyʹlon] . . . m’chigwirizano ndi mkhalidwe wa imfa ya Ambuye wathu, ndi kutembenuzidwa kukhala ‘mtengo’ mu Machitidwe 5:30; 10:39; 13:29; Agalatiya 3:13; 1 Petro 2:24 [King James Version].”
8. Nchiyani chomwe magwero ena amanena ponena za mtanda ndi chiyambi chake?
8 Dictionnaire Encyclopédique Universel ya ku France (Bukhu la Nazonse la Dikishonale la Chilengedwe cha Ponseponse) likunena kuti: “Kwa nthaŵi yaitali tinakhulupirira kuti mtanda, wolingaliridwa kukhala chizindikiro cha chipembedzo, unali mwachindunji kaamba ka Akristu. Ichi sichiri tero.” Bukhu lakuti Dual Heritage—The Bible and the British Museum likunena kuti: “Chingadze monga chozizwitsa kudziŵa kuti palibe liwu longa ngati ‘mtanda’ mu Chipangano Chatsopano cha Chigriki. Kiwu lotembenuzidwa ‘mtanda’ liri nthaŵi zonse liwu la Chigriki la [stau·rosʹ] lotanthauza ‘mlongoti’ kapena ‘chikhomo chowongoka.’ Mtanda poyambirirapo sunali chizindikiro cha Chikristu; iwo unatengedwa kuchokera ku Igupto ndi Constantine.” New Catholic Encyclopedia ikunena kuti: “Kuimiridwa kwa chiwombolo cha imfa ya Kristu pa Gologota sikumapezeka m’zithunzithunzi zophiphiritsira za mazana oyambirira Achikristu. Akristu oyambirira, osonkhezeredwa ndi kuletsa mafano kwa Chipangano Chakale, anali osinkhasinkha kusonyeza ngakhale chipangizo cha [imfa] ya Ambuye. . . . Mtanda unadzayimiridwa m’nthaŵi ya Constantine.”
Mtanda wa Constantine
9. Ndimotani mmene Wolamulira Constantine akugwirizanitsidwira ndi mtanda?
9 Constantine anali wolamulira Wachiroma yemwe anasonkhanitsa Bungwe la Nicaea mu 325 C.E. ndipo anasonkhezera ilo kutenga chiphunzitso chosakhala cha m’malemba chakuti Kristu anali Mulungu. Iye anachita ichi kuti alimbitse ulamuliro wake wa akunja ndi Akristu a mpatuko. Za iye The New Encyclopædia Britannica ikunena kuti: “Pa madzulo a chilakiko cha Constantine pa Maxentius mu 312, iye anawona masomphenya a ‘chizindikiro chakumwamba’ cha mtanda, womwe iye anakhulupirira kukhala chizindikiro chaumulungu cha chipambano chake.” Iyo imanenanso kuti pambuyo pake Constantine anachirikiza kupatulikitsidwa kwa mtanda.
10. Nchifukwa ninji sichiri choyenera kapena cha m’Malemba kukhulupirira kuti Mulungu kapena Kristu anapatsa Constantine “chizindikiro” chophatikiza mtanda?
10 Ngakhale kuli tero, kodi Mulungu akanakhoza kupereka chizindikiro kwa mtsogoleri wachikunja yemwe sankachita chifuniro cha Mulungu, ndi chizindikiro chachikunja pa chimenecho? Yesu anadzudzula nzika za m’dziko lake kaamba ka kufuna zizindikiro. (Mateyu 12:38-40) Ndiponso, wolamulira wachikunja ameneyu ankakhetsa mwazi wopanda liwongo ndi zida zophereko kaamba ka kupambana kwa ndale zadziko ndipo, m’kukangana kwa ndale zadziko, anakonzekeretsa kupha achibale ndi oyanjana nawo ena. Mosiyanako, Yesu ananena kuti: “Ufumu wanga suli wa dziko lino lapansi; ufumu wanga ukadakhala wa dziko lino lapansi, anyamata anga akadalimbika nkhondo.” (Yohane 18:36) Chimenecho ndicho chifukwa chake iye analamulira Petro kuti: “Tabweza lupanga lako m’chimakemo, pakuti onse akugwira lupanga adzawonongeka ndi lupanga.”—Mateyu 26:52.
11. Nchiyani chomwe chinasonkhezera Constantine kuchirikiza kugwiritsira ntchito kwa mtanda?
11 Bukhu lakuti Strange Survivals likunena za Constantine ndi mtanda wake kuti: “Kunena kuti munali lamulo mu mkhalidwe wake chimenecho sitingachikaikire mpang’ono pomwe; chizindikiro chomwe iye anakhazikitsa chinathokoza Akristu m’gulu lake la nkhondo ku mbali imodzi, ndi a Gaul [achikunja] kumbali ina. . . . Kwa omwe angotchulidwa pambuyopowo chinali chizindikiro cha chiyanjo cha mulungu wawo wa kuthambo,” mulungu dzuŵa yemwe iwo analambira. Ayi, ‘chizindikiro chakumwamba’ cha Constantine chinalibe chirichonse chochita ndi Mulungu kapena Kristu koma chazikidwa m’chikunja.
Kupatulikitsa Chipangizo cha Imfa?
12, 13. Ndi kaamba ka zifukwa zina ziti zimene mtanda sufunikira kupatulikitsidwa?
12 Ngakhale ngati tanyalanyaza umboni ndi kulingalira kuti Yesu anaphedwa pa mtanda, kodi iwo uyenera kupatulikitsidwa? Ayi, popeza kuti Yesu anaphedwa monga waupandu, mofanana ndi amuna omwe anapachikidwa kumbali kwake, ndipo mkhalidwe wake wa imfa unamuimira iye molakwika m’njira yoipitsitsa. Akristu a m’zana loyamba sakanakhoza kuwona chipangizo cha kuphedwa kwake kukhala chopatulika. Kuchipatulikitsa icho kukatanthauza kulemekeza mkhalidwe woipa wochitidwa pa icho, kuphedwa kwa Yesu.
13 Ngati bwenzi lanu lokondedwa linaphedwa pa milandu yonyenga, kodi inu mungapange fano la chipangizo cha kuphedwako (tinene kuti chiwiya chodulira mutu wa munthu kapena mpando wa magetsi kapena mfuti ya asilikali akupha) ndipo kenaka kupsyompsyona chipangizocho, kuyatsa makandulo pa icho, kapena kuchivala icho m’khosi mwanu monga chikometsero chopatulika? Chimenecho chingakhale chosalingalirika. Chotero, nchimodzimodzi, ndi kupangidwa fano kwa mtanda. Chenicheni chakuti mtanda uli wa chiyambi chachikunja chokhacho chimapangitsa nkhaniyo kukhala yoipirako.
14. Ndi mathedwe otani ponena za mtanda omwe tifunikira kufikira m’chiyang’aniro cha umboni wa kudziko ndi wa m’Baibulo?
14 Kupatulikitsidwa kwa mtanda sikuli Kwachikristu. Sikumasonyeza chikondi kaamba ka Mulungu kapena Kristu koma kumanyoza chimene iwo amaimira. Iko kumaswa malamulo a Mulungu otsutsa kulambira mafano. Chimalemekeza chizindikiro chachikunja chodziŵika monyenga kukhala Chachikristu. (Eskodo 20:4, 5; Salmo 115:4-8; 1 Akorinto 10:14) Kulingalira chizindikiro chachikunja kukhala chopatulika kumaswa lamulo la Mulungu lakuti: “Musakhale omangidwa m’goli ndi osakhulupira ndi osiyana; pakuti chilungamo chigawana bwanji ndi chosalungama? . . . Musakhudze kanthu kosakonzeka.”—2 Akorinto 6:14, 17.
Kumamatira ku Mawu Owuziridwa
15. Nchifukwa ninji tiyenera kukana miyambo yomwe imawombana ndi Mawu a Mulungu?
15 Matchalitchi amanena kuti machitidwe onga ngati kupatulikitsa mtanda ali mbali ya “mwambo wopatulika.” Koma pamene mwambo uwombana ndi Mawu a Mulungu, awo omwe amakonda Mulungu amakana mwambo. Chomwe timafunikiradi kaamba ka kulambira kowona chaphatikizidwa kale m’Mawu a Mulungu. Monga momwe Paulo analembera Timoteo kuti: “Kuyambira ukhanda wako wadziŵa malembo opatulika, okhoza kukupatsa nzeru kufikira chipulumutso, mwa chikhulupiriro cha mwa Kristu Yesu. Lemba lirilonse adaliwuzira Mulungu, ndipo lipindulitsa pa chiphunzitso, chitsutsano, chikonzero, chilangizo cha m’chilungamo: kuti munthu wa Mulungu akhale woyenera, wokonzeka kuchita ntchito iriyonse yabwino.” (2 Timoteo 3:15-17) Kulibe kulikonse kumene Baibulo limanena kuti miyambo yomwe imatsutsa Mawu a Mulungu iri ya mtengo wapatali kaamba ka chipulumutso.
16. Nchiyani chomwe Yesu ananena kwa atsogoleri a chipembedzo cha Chiyuda ponena za miyambo yawo?
16 Kuwombana pakati pa Malemba ndi miyambo ya anthu sikuli kwatsopano. Mkati mwa nyengo kuchokera pa kumalizidwa kwa Malemba a Chihebri owuziridwa kufika ku kudza kwa Yesu, atsogoleri a chipembedzo cha Chiyuda anawonjezera miyambo ya pakamwa yambiri, imene pambuyo pake anaiika m’kulembedwa komwe sikunali kowuziridwa ndi Mulungu. Miyambo imeneyo kaŵirikaŵiri inawombana ndi Malemba. Chotero Yesu anauza atsogoleri a chipembedzo kuti: “Inunso mulumphiranji lamulo la Mulungu chifukwa cha miyambo yanu? . . . Inu mupeputsa mawu a Mulungu chifukwa cha miyambo yanu.” Iye anagwiritsira ntchito Mawu a Mulungu kwa iwo pamene ananena kuti: “Andilambira ine kwachabe, ndi kuphunzitsa maphunzitso, malangizo a anthu.” (Mateyu 15:1-6, 9) M’ziphunzitso zake, Yesu sanagwire mawu mpang’ono pomwe kuchokera ku miyambo yoteroyo. Kufunsira kwake kunali Mawu a Mulungu owuziridwa olembedwa.—Mateyu 4:4-10; Marko 12:10; Luka 10:26.
17. Nchifukwa ninji tingakhalire ndi chidaliro m’Baibulo monga chochititsa cholimba cha chiyembekezo chathu?
17 Mulungu sanasiye kusungiliridwa kwa “mawu a moyo” m’manja opanda chisungiko a akatswiri a miyambo ya chipembedzo. (Afilipi 2:16) M’malomwake, ndi mzimu woyera wake wamphamvu, iye anawuzira kulembedwa kwa Baibulo lotero kuti “mwa chitonthozo cha Malemba, tikhale ndi chiyembekezo.” (Aroma 15:4) Kunena kuti Baibulo liri losakwanira ndi kuti tiyenera kudaliranso pa kuganizira kosakhazikika kwa anthu opanda ungwiro osauziridwa, kuli kukana mphamvu ya Mulungu. Motsimikizirika, wamphamvuyonse, Mlengi wowopsya wa chilengedwe chaponseponse akakhoza kuyambitsa bukhu! Ndipo iye anachita chimenechi kotero kuti tingakhoze kukhala ndi chochititsa champhamvu kaamba ka chiyembekezo chathu ndipo osati kuyamba kudalira pa miyambo ya anthu yomwe imatsogolera anthu ku kuswa malamulo a Mulungu. Ndiponso, Mawu a Mulungu amanena kuti: “Musapitirire zimene zinalembedwa.” (1 Akorinto 4:6) Awo omwe amakonda Mulungu mowonadi adzasunga uphungu umenewo.—Onaninso Miyambo 30:5, 6.
“Tisunge Malamulo Ake”
18. Ngati timakonda Mulungu mowonadi, ndi lamulo lotani lomwe tifunikira kumvera?
18 “Pakuti ichi ndi chikondi cha Mulungu, kuti tisunge malamulo ake,” amanena tero 1 Yohane 5:3. Pamene atsogoleri a chipembedzo apondereza malamulo amenewo, kapena kunyalanyaza iwo, kapena kuwaloŵa m’malo ndi miyambo yowombana ya anthu, kenaka iwo amatsogolera otsatira awo mosemphana ndi chifuniro cha Mulungu. Monga chitsanzo, lingalirani lamulo lenileni la Chikristu: chikondi. Inali mbali yokulira ya kuphunzitsa kwa Yesu. Iye ananena kuti: “Uzikonda mnzako monga udzikonda iwemwini.”—Mateyu 22:39.
19. (a) Ndi chofunika chotani mmene chiriri kwa Akristu owona kukondana wina ndi mnzake? (b) Ndi m’njira yotani mmene “lamulo latsopano” limene Yesu anapereka ponena za chikondi limasiyanirana ndi lakale?
19 Ndi chofunika chotani chikondi cha pa mnansi chimenechi? Yesu anaphunzitsa kuti Akristu owona angazindikiridwe ndi chikondi chimene ali nacho pakati pa iwo eni. Iye ananena kuti: “Ndikupatsani inu lamulo latsopano, kuti mukondane wina ndi mnzake, monga ndakonda inu, kuti inunso mukondane wina ndi mnzake. Mwa ichi adzazindikira kuti muli akuphunzira anga, ngati muli nacho chikondano wina ndi mnzake.” (Yohane 13:34, 35) Zowona, Chilamulo pa Israyeli wakale chinaphatikizapo lamulo la “kukonda mnansi wako monga udzikonda wekha.” (Levitiko 19:18) Koma chomwe chinali chatsopano ponena za lamulo la Yesu chinali kulongosola kwake kwakuti, “monga ndakonda inu.” Ichi chinapatsa mphamvu yokulira ku chikondi Chachikristu, popeza kuti Mkristu ayenera ngakhale kukhala wofunitsitsa kupereka moyo wake kaamba ka akhulupiri anzake, monga mmene Yesu anachitira.
20. Ndani omwe cholembera cha mbiri yakale ya zana lino chimazindikiritsa kukhala omvera lamulo la “kukondana wina ndi mnzake”?
20 Chotero, atumiki owona a Mulungu lerolino angazindikiridwe ndi chomangira cha chikondi chosasweka, chogwirizanitsa pa mlingo wa mitundu yonse. Ndani m’nthaŵi yathu omwe amasonyeza chimvero choterocho ku malamulo a Mulungu a chikondi? Ndani omwe azunzidwa, kuikidwa m’ndende, kuponyedwa m’misasa yachibalo, kapena kuphedwa chifukwa chakuti sanakhoze kunyamula zida motsutsana ndi akhulupiriri anzawo—ngakhale osakhulupirira—a mitundu ina? Cholembedwa cha mbiri ya m’zana lino chimayankha kuti: kokha Mboni za Yehova.
21. Ndi cholembera chotani chimene matchalitchi a Chikristu cha Dziko apanga ponena za lamulo la kukonda akhulupiriri anzathu?
21 Ku mbali ina, zipembedzo za Chikristu cha Dziko zaswa mokhazikika malamulo a Mulungu onena za chikondi. M’nkhondo zonse za m’zana lino, atsogoleri a chipembedzo a matchalitchi a Chikristu cha Dziko atsogolera anthu kukumana ku mbali zotsutsana za mabwalo ankhondo ndi kuphana wina ndi mnzake mwa mamiliyoni. Aprotesitanti anapha Aprotesitanti anzawo, Akatolika anapha Akatolika anzawo, komabe onse anadzinenera kukhala Akristu. Koma Mawu a Mulungu amalengeza kuti: “Munthu akati, kuti, Ndikonda Mulungu, nadana naye mbale wake, ali wabodza: pakuti iye wosakonda mbale amene wamuwona, sakhoza kukonda Mulungu amene sanamuwona. Ndipo lamulo iri tiri nalo lochokera kwa Iye, kuti iye amene akonda Mulungu akondenso mbale wake.”—1 Yohane 4:20, 21.
22. Mogwirizana ndi kulongosola kwa pa 1 Yohane 3:10-12, kodi matchalitchi a Chikristu cha Dziko ndi ana a yani, ndipo nchifukwa ninji?
22 Mawu a Mulungu amanenanso kuti: “Mmenemo awoneka ana a Mulungu, ndi ana a Mdyerekezi: Yense wosachita chilungamo siali wochokera mwa Mulungu; ndi iye wosakonda mbale wake. . . . tikondane wina ndi mnzake: osati monga Kaini anali wochokera mwa woipayo, namupha mbale wake.” (1 Yohane 3:10-12) Matchalitchi a Chikristu cha Dziko amadzinenera kukhala ana a Mulungu, koma sangakhoze kukhala tero, popeza kuti samalabadira mwakuya malamulo a Mulungu onena za chikondi ndipo ‘apha mbale wawo.’ Iwo angakhoze kokha kukhala ana a “woipayo.” Ndiponso, Mawu a Mulungu amalimbikitsa owona mtima m’zipembedzozo kuti: “Tulukani mwa iye, anthu anga, ngati simufuna kugawana naye machimo ake, ndipo ngati simufuna kulandira mbali ya miliri yake.” (Chibvumbulutso 18:4, NW) Posachedwapa Mulungu adzapereka ziweruzo zake molimbana ndi zipembedzo zonyenga zonse. Awo omwe amamamatira ku izo adzavutika ndi tsoka lawo. (Chibvumbulutso 17:16) Ku mbali ina, “iye amene achita chifuniro cha Mulungu akhala ku nthaŵi yonse.”—1 Yohane 2:17.
Ndimotani Mmene Mukayankhira?
◻ Nchifukwa ninji liwu la Chingelezi la “mtanda” liri kutembenuzidwa kolakwika kwa liwu la Chigriki lakuti stau·rosʹ?
◻ Ndi kuti kumene kupatulikitsidwa kwa mtanda kunayambira, ndipo nchifukwa ninji tiyenera kuwukana iwo?
◻ Ndi dongosolo lotani limene Yesu anakhazikitsa ponena za miyambo ya chipembedzo?
◻ Ndi umboni wotani womwe ulipo wozindikiritsa awo omvera malamulo onena za chikondi cha ubale?
[Bokosi/Zithunzi patsamba 25]
ZIYAMBI ZA MTANDA
Kale kwambiri nyengo ya Chikristu isanakhale, mitundu ya mtanda inkagwiritsiridwa ntchito m’chifupifupi mbali iriyonse ya dziko lapansi monga zizindikiro za chipembedzo
Crux Ansata inagwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi Aigupto akale monga chizindikiro cha moyo wa mtsogolo
Crux Quadrata inachitira chithunzi mbali zinayi m’zimene zinthu zonse zinakhulupiridwa kukhala zinalengedwa
Crux Gammata inalingaliridwa kukhala inali chizindikiro cha moto kapena dzuŵa; chotero, cha moyo
Mtanda wa Latin wotchuka m’Chikristu cha Dziko
Mtanda umenewu uli chilembo chowonekera cha zirembo ziŵiri za Chigriki zoyambirira m’liwu lakuti “Kristu”
[Chithunzi patsamba 24]
Kristu anafa pa mlongoti wowongoka, osati pa mtanda
[Zithunzi pamasamba 26, 27]
“Avomereza kuti adziŵa Mulungu, koma ndi ntchito zawo amkana iye.”—Tito 1:16