Kupanikizika Maganizo Kwabwino ndi Koipa

“Popeza kuti kupanikizika maganizo kumachititsidwa ndi kupanikizika kwa thupi mwanjira zosiyanasiyana, aliyense amakhala wopsinjika maganizo nthaŵi zonse pamlingo wosiyanasiyana.”—anatero Dr. Hans Selye.

KUTI munthu aimbe gitala, ayenera kukunga nsambo—koma kufikira pamlingo winawake. Ngati mwakungitsa, zikhoza kuduka. Koma ngati nzosakunga, sizingaimbe nkomwe. Pali kukunga koyenera komwe ndi kosanyanya komanso kosalera.

Zili chimodzimodzi ndi kupanikizika. Kupambanitsa kukhoza kukhala koipa, monga mmene taonera kale. Koma bwanji ngati supanikizika mpang’ono pomwe? Ngakhale kuti zimenezo zingaoneke zosiririka, koma chenicheni nchakuti mufunikira kupanikizika maganizo—pamlingo winawake. Mwachitsanzo, tayerekezerani kuti pamene mukudutsa msewu, mwadzidzidzi mwaona galimoto ikuthamanga kudza kwa inu. Ndi kupanikizika kumene kumakuchititsani kuthaŵa—mwamsanga!

Koma sikuti kupanikizika maganizo nkwabwino pangozi pokha. Mumafunikiranso kupanikizika maganizo kuti mukwanitse kuchita ntchito yatsiku ndi tsiku. Aliyense amakhala wopanikizikako pamlingo winawake nthaŵi zonse. ‘Ngati umwalira ndipo pokha pamene sungakhale wopsinjika maganizo,’ anatero Dr. Hans Selye. Iye anawonjezera kunena kuti mawu akuti “ndi wopsinjika maganizo” ndi osaopsa monga momwe alili mawu akuti “thupi latentha.” Selye anati, “Chomwe timatanthauza tikanena mawu ameneŵa nchakuti kupsinjika maganizoko kapena kutentha kwa thupiko kwapambanitsa.” Malinga ndi nkhani imeneyi, ngakhale kusangalala kumaphatikizapo kupanikizika, momwemonso kugona, popeza mtima wanu umapitirizabe kugunda ndiponso mapapo anu amagwirabe ntchito.

Mitundu Itatu ya Kupsinjika Maganizo

Popeza kuti timakhala opsinjika maganizo pamilingo yosiyanasiyana, palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kupsinjika maganizo.

Kupsinjika maganizo kwakanthaŵi kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta za tsiku ndi tsiku za moyo. Kaŵirikaŵiri kumakhudzana ndi zochitika zosasangalatsa zomwe zimafunika kuzithetsa. Pokhala izi zimachitika mwadzidzidzi ndipo nzakanthaŵi chabe, mungathe kuthetsa kupsinjika maganizo kumeneku. Zoonadi pali ena omwe amangosinthasintha kukhala ndi mavuto awa kenaka ena—ndithudi, mavuto amangokhala mbali ya umunthu wawo. Ngakhale mtundu umenewu wa kupsinjika maganizo kwakanthaŵi nawonso ukhoza kutetezedwa. Wovutikayo angaumirire kusasintha khalidwe lake, kufikira atazindikira mmene khalidwe lake losakhazikikalo likukhudzira iye mwini ndiponso ena omwe amakhala nawo.

Pamene kupsinjika maganizo kwakanthaŵi sikukhalitsa, kupsinjika maganizo kosatherapo kumatenga nthaŵi yaitali kwambiri. Wovutikayo saona njira yothetsera kupsinjika maganizo kwakeko, kaya akhale mavuto azachuma kapena kusauka chifukwa chakuti alibe ntchito yabwino—kapena sali pantchito nkomwe. Kupsinjika maganizo kosatherapo kumachitikanso chifukwa cha mavuto osatha m’banja. Kusamalira wachibale wodwala nakonso kukhoza kupangitsa kupsinjika maganizo. Zilibe kanthu kuti chopangitsacho nchiyani, koma kupsinjika maganizo kosatherapo kumamvutitsa munthu tsiku ndi tsiku, mlungu ndi mlungu, mwezi ndi mwezi. Buku lina linati pankhaniyi, “Choipa kwambiri pa kupsinjika maganizo kosatherapo nchakuti anthu amazoloŵera. Anthu amazindikira mwamsanga kupsinjika maganizo kwakanthaŵi chifukwa kumakhala kukuyambika kumene: amanyalanyaza kupsinjika maganizo kosatherapo chifukwa kumakhala kwakale, kozoloŵereka, ndipo nthaŵi zina sikukhala koŵaŵa kwambiri.”

Kupsinjika maganizo kovulaza kumabwera chifukwa cha zochitika zoipa kwambiri, monga kukakamizidwa chigololo, ngozi, kapena tsoka lachilengedwe. Ambiri mwa omwe anamenyako nkhondo kale ndiponso amene anapulumuka mumsasa wachibalo amavutika ndi kupsinjika maganizo kumeneku. Zizindikiro za kupsinjika maganizo kovulaza kumeneku zimakhala kukumbukira zatsokalo, ngakhale patapita zaka zambiri, kuphatikizapo kukhala ndi mantha kwambiri pa zinthu zing’onong’ono. Nthaŵi zina wovutikayo amampima mwa njira yotchedwa kuti post-trumatic stress disoder (PTSD).—Onani bokosi pamwambapa.

Kufulumira Kupsinjika Maganizo

Ena amati mmene timachitira tikapsinjika maganizo zimadalira kwambiri mmene kale tinapsinjikirapo maganizo kuti kaya kunali motani ndipo kwa mtundu wanji. Amanena kuti zochitika zoopsa zikhoza kusokoneza mmene makhemikolo “amagwirira ntchito” m’bongo zikumapangitsa munthuyo kukhala wosachedwa kupsinjika maganizo m’tsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, pakufufuza pakati pa anthu 556 omwe anamenya nawo Nkhondo Yadziko II, Dr Lawrence Brass anapeza kuti amene anagwidwa ndi kukhala akaidi ankhondo ali pangozi yodwala stroko kuŵirikiza nthaŵi zisanu ndi zitatu kuposa amene sanagwidwe—ngakhale pambuyo pazaka 50 chichitikire zimenezi. “Kupsinjika kwawo maganizo atakhala akaidi ogwidwa pankhondo kunali kwakukulu ndipo kunapangitsa kuti ameneŵa akhale osachedwa kupsinjika maganizo mtsogolo mwake—kunawapangitsa kukhala amantha kwambiri.”

Akatswiri ena amati, zochitika zochititsa kupsinjika maganizo zomwe mwana amakumana nazo sitiyenera kuziderera, popeza zimenezi zikhoza kuwononga kwambiri. “Ana ambiri amene amapsinjika maganizo kovulaza sabwera nawo kuchipatala. Mavuto awowo amatha ndiye nkupitirizabe ndi moyo wawo, koma amadzabwera kuchipatala pambuyo pake, atachita tondovi kapena atadwala mtima,” anatero Dr. Jean King. Talingalirani za kupsinjika maganizo koipa kumene kumachitika kholo litamwalira. Dr. King anati, “Kupsinjika maganizo kumeneku kukachitika uli mwana kukhoza kuwononga ubongo, zimene zimapangitsa kuti usamathenso kupirira zinthu zopangitsa kupsinjika maganizo zing’onozing’ono za tsiku ndi tsiku.”

Komabe nzoona kuti mmene munthu amachitira akapsinjika maganizo zimadaliranso pa zinthu zina zambiri, mmene alili thupi lake ndiponso zinthu zomwe angakhale nazo zomthandiza kulimbana ndi zochititsa kupsinjika maganizo. Komabe mosasamala kanthu za chomwe chingakhale chochititsa, munthu ukhoza kupirira kupsinjika maganizo. Kunena zoona, si zapafupi. Dr. Rachel Yehuda anati: “Kuuza munthu amene sachedwa kupsinjika maganizo kuti azingokhala wosamadandauladandaula kumafanana nkuuza munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda olephera kugona kuti angogona tulo. “Komabe pali zambiri zomwe munthu akhoza kuchita kuti achepetse kupsinjika maganizo, monga mmene nkhani yotsatira ikusonyezera.

[Bokosi patsamba 25]

Kupanikizika Pantchito—“Vuto la Padziko Lonse”

Lipoti la United Nations linati: “Kupanikizika maganizo yakhala nkhani yokhudza kwambiri zaumoyo m’zaka za zana lino la 20.” Kumaonekera bwino kwambiri m’malo antchito.

• Madandaulo a anthu ogwira ntchito m’boma ku Australia okhudza kupanikizika anawonjezereka ndi 90 peresenti pazaka zitatu chabe.

• Kufufuza kochitika ku France kunasonyeza kuti 64 peresenti ya manesi ndi 61 peresenti ya aziphunzitsi amanena kuti ndi okhumudwa chifukwa chakuti pali kupanikizika kwambiri m’malo awo amene amagwira ntchito.

• Matenda okhudzana ndi kupanikizika maganizo amawonongetsa ndalama ngati $200,000,000,000 chaka chili chonse ku United States. Chiŵerengero chongoyerekezera chokwana 75 kufika 85 peresenti cha ngozi zonse zochitika m’maindasitale zimakhudzana ndi kupanikizika.

• M’maiko ambiri, kunapezeka kuti azimayi ambiri amavutika ndi kupanikizika kuposa azibambo, makamaka nchifukwa chakuti amagwira ntchito zambiri kunyumba ndi kuntchito komwe.

Monga mmene United Nations inanenera, kupanikizika pantchito ndithudi ndi “vuto la padziko lonse.”

[Bokosi patsamba 26]

PTSD—Mmene Munthu Amachitira Ngati Wakumana ndi Zochitika Zoopsa

‘Sindinalekebe kulira ndiponso sindinali kugona ngakhale panali patapita miyezi itatu kuchokera pamene tinachita ngozi ndi galimoto yathu. Tikangochoka panyumba ndimachita mantha.’—anatero Louise.

LOUISE akuvutika ndi mantha ovulaza omwe amatchedwa kuti post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), matenda ofooketsa omwe chizindikiro chake ndi kulota zinthu zoipa zomwe unakumana nazo kale. Munthu amene ali ndi PSTD akhozanso kumadzidzimuka kaŵirikaŵiri ndi kukhala tcheru mopambanitsa. Mwachitsanzo, wodziŵa za matenda amalingaliro Michael Davis ananena za msilikali yemwe anamenya nawo nkhondo ku Vietnam amene paphwando laukwati wake anathaŵa ndi kukabisala patchire atamva galimoto ikulira ngati mfuti. “Panali zinthu zambiri zomwe zikanampangitsa kudziŵa kuti zonse zili bwinobwino. Panali patapita zaka 25; anali ku United States, osati ku Vietnam; . . . anali atavala jekete loyera, osati yunifolomu ya usilikali. Komabe pamene anangomva chinthu chimene chinamkumbutsa zakale, anathaŵa ndi kukabisala,” anatero Davis.

Kupanikizika kovulaza komwe kumachitika kubwalo la nkhondo ndi chinthu chimodzi chimene chimachititsa PTSD. Malinga ndi chikalata chotchedwa The Harvard Mental Health Letter, nthendayi ikhoza kuyambika ngati “pali poti ukhoza kuphedwa kapena kuopsezedwa kuti ufa kapena kuti uvulala kwambiri kapena upunduka. Likhoza kukhala tsoka lachilengedwe, ngozi, kapena zochita za anthu: kusefukira kwa madzi, moto, chivomezi, ngozi yagalimoto, kuphulika kwa mabomba, kuwombera mfuti, kuzunzidwa, kuba ndi kusoŵetsa munthu, kuopseza, kukakamiza chigololo, kapena kugwirira ana.” Kungoona chabe zinthu zoopsa kapena kumva za izo—mwina pali umboni womvekera bwino kapena kuona zithunzi zake—PTSD ikhoza kuyambika, makamaka ngati anthu amene zinawachitikirawo ndi achibale kapena mabwenzi a pamtima.

Nzoonadi kuti anthu amachita mosiyanasiyana akaona zoopsa. “Anthu ambiri amene amaona zinthu zoopsa sasonyeza zizindikiro kuti zawakhudza maganizo kwambiri, ndipo mwina ngakhale pakhale zizindikiro, sikuti zimafika pokhala PTSD,” inatero The Harvard Mental Health Letter. Koma nanga bwanji za amene mantha awo amayambitsa PTSD? Pakapita nthaŵi ena amatha kulimba mtima ndi kukhala bwino. Ena amavutikabe chifukwa chokumbukira zinthu zoopsa zomwe anaona kalekale.

Mulimonse mmene zilili, amene akudwala PTSD—komanso amene akufuna kuwathandiza—ayenera kukumbukira zakuti kuti oterowo achire pamafunikira kudekha. Baibulo limalimbikitsa Akristu kuti “limbikitsani amantha mtima” ndiponso “muzikhala oleza mtima pa onse.” (1 Atesalonika 5:14) Louise amene tinamgwira mawu poyamba uja, panatha miyezi isanu kuti ayambenso kuyendetsa galimoto. Patapita zaka zinayi chichitikire ngoziyo, iye anati, “ngakhale kuti ndawongokera ndithu, kuyendetsa galimoto sikudzakhalanso kosangalatsa monga mmene ndinkaonera kale. Chabe kuti ndimafunikira kuyendetsa, ndiye ndimangoyendetsa. Koma ndawongokera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mmene ndinalili itangochitika ngoziyo.”

[Chithunzi patsamba 27]

Anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito mu ofesi amakhala opanikizika

[Chithunzi patsamba 27]

Sikuti kupanikizika konse nkoipa kwa inu