MUTU 13
Anaphunzira pa Zolakwa Zake
1, 2. (a) Kodi zochita za Yona zinachititsa kuti iyeyo ndi anthu ena akumane ndi mavuto otani? (b) Kodi nkhani ya Yona ingatithandize bwanji?
YONA analakalaka ataletsa chiphokoso chobowola m’khutu. Linali phokoso la chimphepo chadzaoneni komanso cha zimafunde zazikulu ngati mapiri zimene zinkawomba mwamphamvu sitima imene anakwera. Koma chimene chinam’bowola m’mimba kwambiri Yona chinali kukuwa kwa anthu oyendetsa sitimayo, omwe ankayesetsa kuti sitimayo isamire. Yona ankangoona kuti anthu onsewa afa, ndipo akanafadi chifukwa cha iyeyo.
2 Kodi zinatani kuti Yona apezeke m’mavuto amenewa? Iye anali atamulakwira kwambiri Mulungu wake, Yehova. Kodi analakwa chiyani? Kodi pali zimene akanachita kuti zinthu ziyambe kumuyenderanso bwino? Tingaphunzire zambiri poona mayankho a mafunso amenewa. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani ya Yona imatithandiza kuona kuti ngakhale anthu amene ali ndi chikhulupiriro chenicheni, angathe kulakwitsa zinthu. Imatithandizanso kuona mmene anthu oterewa angakonzere zolakwazo.
Mneneri wa ku Galileya
3-5. (a) Kodi anthu ambiri amakumbukira chiyani akamva za Yona? (b) Kodi tikudziwa zotani zokhudza Yona? (Onaninso mawu a m’munsi.) (c) N’chifukwa chiyani ntchito ya Yona monga mneneri inali yovuta komanso yosasangalatsa?
3 Anthu ambiri akamva za Yona, amangoganizira za zolakwa zake, mwina zokhudza kusamvera kwake kapena kusachitira ena chifundo. Komatu Yona analinso ndi makhalidwe ambiri abwino. Kumbukirani kuti Yehova Mulungu anam’sankha kuti akhale mneneri wake. Yona akanakhala wosakhulupirika kapena wochita zoipa, Yehova sakanam’patsa udindo waukulu ngati umenewu.
Ngakhale kuti Yona analakwitsa zinthu zina, analinso ndi makhalidwe ambiri abwino
4 Baibulo limafotokoza zinthu zina zotithandiza kumudziwa bwino Yona. (Werengani 2 Mafumu 14:25.) Iye anali wochokera ku Gati-heferi, dera lomwe linali pa mtunda wa makilomita anayi kuchokera ku tauni ya Nazareti. Tauni imeneyi ndi komwe Yesu Khristu anakulira patapita zaka pafupifupi 800 kuchokera m’nthawi ya Yona.a Yona anali mneneri m’nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Mfumu Yerobiamu Wachiwiri, yemwe ankalamulira mafuko 10 a Isiraeli. Apa n’kuti Eliya atafa kalekale. Komanso Elisa yemwe anadzalowa m’malo mwa Eliya n’kuti atafa kale pa nthawi imene bambo ake a Yerobiamu ankalamulira. Ngakhale kuti Yehova anagwiritsira ntchito anthu amenewa kuthetsa kulambira Baala, mtundu wa Isiraeli unali utayambiranso kulambira konyenga. Tsopano dzikolo linkalamulidwa ndi mfumu imene ‘inapitiriza kuchita zoipa pamaso pa Yehova.’ (2 Maf. 14:24) Motero, tingathe kuona kuti ntchito ya Yona siinali yophweka kapena yokondweretsa. Komabe iye anachita ntchitoyi mokhulupirika.
5 Tsiku lina Yehova anapatsa Yona ntchito inayake. Koma Yona anaona kuti ntchito imeneyi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Kodi inali ntchito yotani?
“Nyamuka Upite Kumzinda . . . wa Nineve”
6. Kodi Yehova anapatsa Yona ntchito yotani, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani Yona anaona kuti ntchito imeneyi inali yovuta?
6 Yehova anauza Yona kuti: “Nyamuka upite kumzinda waukulu wa Nineve. Kumeneko ukadzudzule anthu a mumzindawo ndi kuwauza kuti ine ndaona zoipa zimene akuchita.” (Yona 1:2) N’zosavuta kumvetsa chimene chinam’chititsa Yona kuona kuti ntchito imeneyi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Mzinda wa Nineve unali pamtunda wa makilomita 800 kulowera kum’mawa ndipo unali ulendo woyenda mwezi wathunthu wapansi. Koma sikuti Yona ankaopa zimenezi. Iye ankayenera kukalalikira ku Nineve zoti Yehova akufuna kulanga anthuwo. Anthu amenewa anali Asuri ndipo anali anthu oopedwa chifukwa anali ouma mtima kwambiri ndiponso okonda zachiwawa. Ngakhale pakati pa Aisiraeli, omwe anali anthu a Mulungu, ndi anthu ochepa chabe amene anamvetsera uthenga wa Yona, ndiye kuli bwanji anthu akunja amenewa? Kodi mneneri wa Yehova mmodzi yekha zikanamuyendera bwanji mumzinda waukulu wa Nineve, womwe unatchedwa kuti “mzinda wokhetsa magazi”?—Nah. 3:1, 7.
7, 8. (a) Kodi Yona anatani poyesetsa kuthawa ntchito imene Yehova anamupatsa? (b) N’chifukwa chiyani sitiyenera kuganiza kuti Yona anali munthu wamantha?
7 Sitikudziwa ngati Yona ankaganizira zonsezi kapena ayi. Koma zimene tikudziwa n’zakuti iye anathawa. Yehova anam’tuma kuti apite ku Nineve, komwe kunali kum’mawa, koma Yona analowera kumadzulo ndipo ankafuna kupita kutali kwambiri. Atafika mumzinda wa Yopa anakwera sitima yapamadzi yopita ku Tarisi. Akatswiri ena amati dera la Tarisi linali ku Spain. Ngati zimenezi n’zoona, ndiye kuti Yona ankathawira ku dera limene linali pamtunda wa makilomita 3,500 kuchokera ku Nineve. Ulendowu ukanam’tengera chaka chathunthu, chifukwa ukanam’fikitsa kumapeto kwenikweni kwa Nyanja Yaikulu. Apatu tingaone kuti Yona anatsimikizadi zothawa ntchito imene Yehova anam’patsa.—Werengani Yona 1:3.
8 Kodi zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti Yona anali munthu wamantha? Tisafulumire kuganiza choncho. M’nkhani ino tiona kuti iye anachitanso zinthu zosonyeza kulimba mtima kwambiri. Kungoti, mofanana ndi tonsefe, Yona nayenso anali munthu wopanda ungwiro. (Sal. 51:5) Kodi ndani amene sanayambe wachitapo mantha?
9. Kodi nthawi zina tingamve bwanji Yehova akatipatsa ntchito, nanga zikatero tiyenera kukumbukira mfundo yofunika iti?
9 Nthawi zina tingaone kuti Mulungu akufuna kuti tichite chinthu chinachake chimene tikuona kuti n’chovuta kwambiri, mwinanso chosatheka kumene. Mwinanso tikhoza kumaopa kugwira ntchito yolalikira uthenga wabwino wa Ufumu wa Mulungu imene Mkhristu aliyense ayenera kuchita. (Mat. 24:14) N’zosavuta kuiwala mfundo yofunika kwambiri imene Yesu ananena yakuti: “Zinthu zonse n’zotheka ndi Mulungu.” (Maliko 10:27) Popeza tonse nthawi zina timaiwala mfundo imeneyi, tingathe kumvetsa chifukwa chake Yona anaganiza kuti sangathe kugwira ntchito imene Mulungu anamupatsa. Komano kodi Yona anakumana ndi zotani pamene ankathawa?
Yehova Anaphunzitsa Mneneri Wosamverayu
10, 11. (a) Kodi Yona ayenera kuti ankaganiza chiyani Sitima imene anakwera itanyamuka? (b) Kodi pa ulendowu anthu anakumana ndi zotani?
10 Yerekezerani kuti mukuona Yona akulowa m’sitima yapamadzi n’kupeza malo abwino okhala. N’kutheka kuti sitimayi inali yonyamula katundu ndipo inali ya ku Foinike. Yona anangokhala duu n’kumaonerera anthu oyendetsa sitimayo ali pakalapakala kukonzekera kuchoka padokopo. Sitimayi itanyamuka, dokolo linayamba kuzimiririka pang’onopang’ono kenako osaonekanso ndipo mwina Yona ankangoti basi pamenepa wathawa. Koma mwadzidzidzi panyanjapo panayamba chimphepo.
11 Madzi anawinduka mochititsa nthumanzi ndipo panabuka mafunde aatali oti angathe kumiza ngakhale sitima zikuluzikulu za masiku ano. Pasanapite nthawi, sitima yamatabwayo mwina inkangooneka ngati kabokosi ka machesi pakati pa zimafunde zazikulu ngati mapiri. Sitikudziwa ngati pa nthawiyo Yona ankadziwa mfundo imene anadzailemba pambuyo pake, yakuti: “Yehova anabweretsa chimphepo champhamvu panyanjapo.” Komabe Yona anaona oyendetsa sitimayo akufuulira milungu yawo yosiyanasiyana kuti iwathandize, ndipo iye ankadziwa kuti milungu yawoyo siingawathandize. (Lev. 19:4) Iye analemba kuti: “Chombocho chinatsala pang’ono kusweka.” (Yona 1:4) Koma kodi Yona akanapemphera bwanji kwa Mulungu wake popeza pa nthawiyi ankathawa Mulungu wake yemweyo?
12. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani sitiyenera kuganiza kuti Yona anagona chifukwa chakuti analibe nazo ntchito zimene zinkachitikazo? (Onaninso mawu a m’munsi.) (b) Kodi Yehova anathandiza bwanji anthuwo kudziwa chimene chinayambitsa vuto?
12 Chifukwa chothedwa nzeru, Yona anapita m’chipinda cha pansi pa sitimayo n’kugona tulo tofa nato.b Mkulu wa oyendetsa sitima atam’peza, anamudzutsa n’kumuuza kuti nayenso apemphere kwa mulungu wake. Poona kuti chimphepochi chinali chachilendo, anthuwo anachita maere kuti adziwe munthu amene wawabweretsera tsoka limeneli. N’zachidziwikire kuti mtima wa Yona unagunda kwambiri ataona kuti maerewo sakugwera aliyense mwa anthuwo. Posakhalitsa Yona anadziwa kuti Yehova ndi amene ankachititsa chimphepocho ndi kutsogolera maerewo n’cholinga choti aliyense adziwe kuti wolakwa sanali wina ayi koma Yonayo.—Werengani Yona 1:5-7.
13. (a) Kodi Yona anaulula chiyani kwa anthuwo? (b) Kodi iye anauza anthuwo kuti amuchite chiyani, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani?
13 Kenako Yona anaulula zonse kwa oyendetsa sitimawo. Anawauza kuti iye ndi mtumiki wa Mulungu wamphamvuyonse, Yehova, ndipo anam’chimwira pothawa. Anawauzanso kuti zimene anachitazo n’zimene zinachititsa kuti anthuwo akumane ndi mavuto. Amunawo anadabwa kwambiri ndipo anachita mantha. Iwo anam’funsa zimene angachite kuti apulumutse sitimayo komanso miyoyo yawo. Kodi Yona anawayankha bwanji? Ayenera kuti anachita mantha kwambiri ataganiza zoponyedwa m’nyanja yomwe inali yozizira komanso yoopsa kwambiri. Komabe iye sanafune kuphetsa anthu onsewo akudziwa kuti angathe kuwapulumutsa. Choncho anauza anthuwo kuti: “Mundinyamule n’kundiponya m’nyanjamu ndipo nyanjayi ikhala bata. Chifukwa ndikudziwa kuti mkunthowu ukuchitika chifukwa cha ine.”—Yona 1:12.
14, 15. (a) Kodi tingatsanzire bwanji chikhulupiriro cha Yona? (b) Kodi oyendetsa sitimawo anatani Yona atawauza kuti amuponyere m’nyanja?
14 Yona akanakhala munthu wamantha sakananena mawu ngati amenewa. Yehova ayenera kuti anasangalala poona kulimba mtima kwake, komanso mtima wake wololera kufera ena pa nthawi yovuta ngati imeneyi. Apatu tingathe kuona kuti Yona anali ndi chikhulupiriro cholimba kwambiri. Ifenso masiku ano tingatsanzire chikhulupiriro chake pokhala okonzeka kuvutikira ena. (Yoh. 13:34, 35) Tikaona anzathu akufunikira kulimbikitsidwa mwauzimu kapena kuthandizidwa mwa njira ina iliyonse, kodi timadzipereka kuwathandiza? Tikamayesetsa kuwathandiza, Yehova amasangalala kwambiri.
15 N’kutheka kuti oyendetsa sitima aja anakhudzidwa mtima kwambiri, chifukwa poyamba anakana kumuponya Yona m’nyanjamo. Iwo anayesetsa ndi mphamvu zawo zonse kulimbana ndi chimphepocho, koma analephera ndipo chimphepocho chinkangowonjezereka. Potsiriza pake anaona kuti sangachitirenso mwina. Choncho, iwo anafuula kwa Yehova, Mulungu wa Yona, kuti awachitire chifundo ndipo anam’nyamula Yonayo, kumukokera m’mphepete mwa sitimayo, n’kumuponyera m’nyanja.—Yona 1:13-15.
Yehova Anam’chitira Chifundo N’kumupulumutsa
16, 17. Fotokozani zimene zinachitikira Yona ataponyedwa m’madzi. (Onaninso chithunzi chili m’munsichi.)
16 Yona anagwera m’nyanjayo yomwe pa nthawiyo inkachita mafunde oopsa. N’kutheka kuti anayesa umu ndi umu kuti asambire, kwinaku akuona sitimayo ikupita poteropo. Koma mwamsanga Yona anakwiririka m’zimafunde zija n’kuyamba kumira. Apa iye ankangoti basi, kwake kwatha.
17 Patapita nthawi, Yona anafotokoza mmene ankamvera pa nthawiyi. Iye anayamba kuganizira zinthu zambirimbiri. Anadandaula kwambiri poganiza kuti sadzaonanso kachisi wokongola wa Yehova ku Yerusalemu. Kenako anangozindikira kuti wafika pansi penipeni pa nyanja, pafupi ndi tsinde la mapiri ndipo anakodwa m’ziyangoyango. Iye ankangoona kuti manda ake akhala omwewa.—Werengani Yona 2:2-6.
18, 19. (a) Kodi n’chiyani chinachitikira Yona atafika pansi pa nyanja, nanga anamezedwa ndi chiyani? (b) Kodi ndani anapangitsa zimenezi? (Onaninso mawu a m’munsi.)
18 Koma mwadzidzidzi anangoona chinthu chinachake chachikulu, chabii chikubwera poteropo. Kenako chinam’thamangira kukamwa kwake kuli yasaa. Chinthuchi chinali chinsomba ndipo Yona anangozindikira kuti cham’meza.
19 Apa anaganiza kuti afa basi. Komabe Yona anadabwa kuti adakali moyo. Chinsomba chomwe chinamumezachi, sichinam’tafune ndipo atafika m’mimba mwa nsombayo sanagayidwe. Iye ankathanso kupuma bwinobwino ngakhale kuti amenewa anayenera kukhala manda ake. Patapita nthawi, Yona anayamba kuchita mantha kwambiri. N’zosakayikitsa kuti Mulungu wake,Yehova, ndi amene ‘anatumiza chinsomba chachikuluchi kuti chim’meze.’c—Yona 1:17.
20. Kodi tingaphunzire chiyani pa pemphero la Yona ali m’mimba mwa chinsomba?
20 Yona anakhala m’mimba mwa chinsombacho kwa maola ambiri. M’mimba mwa chinsombacho munali chimdima chandiweyani. Iye anayamba kusinkhasinkha ndiponso kupemphera kwa Yehova Mulungu. Pemphero lake, lomwe lili m’chaputala chachiwiri cha buku la Yona, limatithandiza kum’dziwa bwino. Limasonyeza kuti Yona ankadziwa bwino Malemba chifukwa anatchula mfundo zambiri za m’buku la Masalimo. Limasonyezanso kuti iye anali ndi mtima woyamikira. Yona ananena kuti: “Koma ine, ndidzakutamandani ndi kupereka nsembe kwa inu. Zimene ndalonjeza ndidzazikwaniritsa. Chipulumutso chimachokera kwa Yehova.”—Yona 2:9.
21. Kodi Yona anaphunzira chiyani pa nkhani ya chipulumutso, nanga ifeyo tikuphunzirapo chiyani?
21 Yona anaphunzira kuti Yehova angathe kupulumutsa munthu aliyense, kulikonse ndiponso nthawi ina iliyonse. Ngakhale kuti mtumiki wakeyu anali “m’mimba mwa nsomba,” Yehova anam’pulumutsa. (Yona 1:17) Yehova yekha ndi amene akanatha kuchititsa kuti munthu akhalebe ndi moyo m’mimba mwa nsomba kwa masiku atatu, usana ndi usiku. Masiku ano ndi bwino kuti tizikumbukira zoti Yehova ndi ‘amene amasunga mpweya wathu.’ (Dan. 5:23) Izi zikusonyeza kuti Yehova ndi amene amatisamalira kuti tikhalebe ndi moyo. Kodi timayamikira zimenezi? Ndiyetu tizimumvera nthawi zonse.
22, 23. (a) Kodi Yona anasonyeza bwanji kuti anali woyamikira? (b) Kodi tingatsanzire bwanji Yona ngati titalakwitsa zinthu?
22 Kodi Yona anayamba kumvera Yehova posonyeza kuyamikira kwake? Inde. Patatha masiku atatu, chinsomba chija chinapita m’mphepete mwa nyanja ndipo “chinalavula Yona kumtunda.” (Yona 2:10) Tangoganizirani, Yona sanafunike kusambira kuti akafike kumtunda. Komabe, atafika kumtundako anafunika kudziwa kolowera. Pasanapite nthawi, Yona anakumananso ndi mayesero ena amene akanaonetsa ngati iye ankayamikira Yehova chifukwa cha zimene anamuchitira. Lemba la Yona 3:1, 2, limati: “Yehova analankhula ndi Yona kachiwiri kuti: ‘Nyamuka, upite kumzinda waukulu wa Nineve, ndipo kumeneko ukalalikire zimene ndikuuze.’” Kodi Yona anatani?
23 Iye sanazengereze. Baibulo limati: “Pamenepo Yona ananyamuka ndi kupita ku Nineve mogwirizana ndi mawu a Yehova.” (Yona 3:3) Yona anamvera Mulungu, zomwe zikusonyezeratu kuti anali ataphunzira pa zolakwa zake. Apanso tiyenera kutsanzira chikhulupiriro cha Yona. Tonse ndife ochimwa ndipo timalakwitsa zinthu zina. (Aroma 3:23) Komano tikatero, kodi timangogweratu ulesi, kapena timaphunzirapo kanthu pa zolakwa zathuzo n’kuyamba kumvera Mulungu?
24, 25. (a) Kodi Yona adakali moyo anadalitsidwa bwanji? (b) Kodi m’tsogolo Yona adzasangalala kudziwa chiyani?
24 Kodi Yehova anam’dalitsa Yona chifukwa cha kumvera? Inde, anatero. Mwachitsanzo, zikuoneka kuti patsogolo pake Yona anadziwa kuti atangodzipereka kuti aponyedwe m’madzi, chimphepo chija chinasiya ndipo anthu aja anakafika kwawo bwinobwino. Moti onse “anayamba kuopa Yehova kwambiri” ndipo anapereka nsembe kwa Yehovayo, m’malo mwa milungu yawo.—Yona 1:15, 16.
25 Komanso Yona anadalitsidwa kwambiri m’tsogolo, chifukwa Yesu anayerekezera nthawi imene Yona anakhala m’mimba mwa chinsomba ndi nthawi imene iyeyo adzakhale ali m’manda. (Werengani Mateyu 12:38-40.) Yona akadzauka, adzasangalala kwambiri akadzamva zoti anadalitsidwa m’njira imeneyi. (Yoh. 5:28, 29) Dziwani kuti Yehova amafunitsitsanso kukudalitsani. Choncho, mofanana ndi Yona, inunso muziyesetsa kuphunzira pa zolakwa zanu ndipo muzisonyeza mzimu womvera komanso wololera kuvutikira ena.
a N’zochititsa chidwi kuti Yona anachokera m’tauni ya ku Galileya chifukwa choti, ponyoza Yesu, Afarisi ananena kuti: “Fufuza ndipo sudzapeza pamene pamati m’Galileya mudzatuluka mneneri.” (Yoh. 7:52) Omasulira mabuku ndiponso ofufuza ambiri amati ponena mawu amenewa, Afarisi ankatanthauza kuti m’mbuyomo kapena pa nthawiyi panalibiretu mneneri aliyense amene anachokera m’chigawo chonyozeka cha Galileya. Ngati izi n’zimenedi Afarisiwo ankatanthauza, ndiye kuti iwo ankanena zinthu zotsutsana ndi mbiri komanso ulosi wa m’Baibulo.—Yes. 9:1, 2.
b Baibulo la Septuagint limanena kuti Yona anagona tulo mpaka kufika poliza nkonono. Komabe tisaganize kuti Yona anagona chifukwa choti analibe nazo ntchito zimene zinkachitikazo. Tisaiwale kuti anthu ena amagona kwambiri akakhala ndi nkhawa. Mwachitsanzo, pamene zinthu zinavuta kwambiri m’munda wa Getsemane, Yesu atatsala pang’ono kugwidwa, Petulo, Yakobo, ndi Yohane ‘anagona chifukwa cha chisoni.’—Luka 22:45.
c Mawu achiheberi amene anawamasulira kuti “nsomba,” m’Chigiriki anawamasulira kuti “chilombo cha m’nyanja,” kapena kuti “chinsomba chachikulu.” Ngakhale kuti sitikudziwa kuti imeneyi inali nsomba yanji, komabe tikudziwa kuti m’nyanja ya Mediterranean muli nsomba zikuluzikulu zamtundu wa shaki zimene zingathe kumeza munthu wathunthu. M’nyanja zina nsomba zimenezi zimatha kukula kwambiri moti zina zimakhala zazitali mamita 15, kapenanso kuposa.