‘Kuzindikira Zimene Ife Tiri’—Panthawi ya Chikumbutso
“Ngati tikadazindikira zimene ife tiri sitikadaŵeruzidwa . . . kuti tingatsutsidwe.”—1 AKORINTO 11:31, 32, “NW.”
1. Kodi kwenikweni Akristu owona afunikira kupewanji, ndipo nchifukwa ninji?
CHINTHU chimene Mkristu samafuna ndicho kuŵeruzidwa motsutsidwa ndi Yehova. Kusakondweretsa “Woŵeruza wa dziko lonse lapansi” kukatsogolera ku ‘kutsutsidwa limodzi ndi dziko’ ndi kutaikiridwa ndi chipulumutso. Zimenezo ziridi choncho kaya tikuyembekezera moyo m’mwamba limodzi ndi Yesu kapena moyo wamuyaya m’paradaiso yapadziko lapansi.—Genesis 18:25; 1 Akorinto 11:32.
2, 3. Kodi ndim’nkhani iti mmene tingaŵeruzidwe motsutsidwa, ndipo kodi Paulo ananenanji za chimenechi?
2 Pa 1 Akorinto mutu 11, mtumwi Paulo anasonya mbali imene tingaweruzidwe nayo. Pamene kuli kwakuti analunjikitsa ndemanga zake kwa Akristu odzozedwa, uphungu wake uli wofunika kwa onse, makamaka m’nyengo ino. Kuzindikira kwathu zimene ife tiri kungatithandize kupeza chiyanjo cha Mulungu ndi kusaŵeruzidwa. Polankhula za phwando lachaka ndi chaka la Mgonero wa Ambuye, Paulo analemba kuti:
3 “Ambuye Yesu usiku uja anaperekedwa, anatenga mkate; ndipo mmene adayamika, ananyema, naati, Ichi ndithupi langa la kwa inu; chitani ichi chikhale chikumbukiro changa. Koteronso chikho, chitatha chakudya, ndi kuti, Chikho ichi ndipangano latsopano m’mwazi wanga; chitani ichi, nthaŵi zonse mukamwa, chikhale chikumbukiro changa. Pakuti nthaŵi zonse mukadya mkate uwu ndi kumwera chikho, mulalikira imfa ya Ambuye kufikira akadza Iye.”—1 Akorinto 11:23-26.a
4. Kodi nchiyani chimene chidzachitika pa madzulo a April 10, 1990?
4 Pambuyo pa kuloŵa kwadzuwa April 10, 1990, Mboni za Yehova zidzachita phwando la Chikumbutso cha imfa ya Ambuye. Kaŵirikaŵiri, gulu losonkhanalo lidzakhala mpingo umodzi; chotero padzakhala malo kaamba ka anthu amene sanakhale kale Mboni. Kodi msonkhanowo udzachitika motani? Padzakhala nkhani Yabaibulo. Ndiyeno, pambuyo pa pemphero, mkate udzayendetsedwa. Pemphero lina lidzatsatiridwa ndi kuyendetsedwa kwa chikho. Mmalo mwakuti zonsezi zichitidwe mogwirizana ndi dzoma lolinganizidwiratu kapena mchitidwe wosasintha, kuchuluka kwa mikate kapena zikho ndi njira imene zidzaperekedwa zidzalinganizidwa mogwirizana ndi mkhalidwe wapamalopo. Chinthu chachikulu nchakuti zinthuzo ziperekedwe kwa onse ofikapo, ngakhale kuti ochulukira sadzazidya. Komabe, kodi ndizinthu ziti, zimene zimayendetsedwa, ndipo kodi zimatanthauzanji? Ndiponso, kodi nchiyani chimene tiyenera kulingalira pasadakhale kotero kuti tizindikire zimene ife tiri?
“Ichi Ndithupi Langa”
5, 6. (a) Kodi Yesu anachitanji ndi mtanda wa mkate? (b) Kodi ndimkate wamtundu wotani umene iye anagwiritsira ntchito?
5 Timaŵerenga zimene Paulo “analandira kwa Ambuye” ponena za Chikumbutso. Palinso zolembedwa zochitidwa ndi alembi atatu a Uthenga Wabwino, mmodzi wawo analipo pamene Yesu anayambitsa phwando limeneli. (1 Akorinto 11:23; Mateyu 26:26-29; Marko 14:22-25; Luka 22:19, 20) Zolembedwazi zimati Yesu choyamba anatenga mkate, napemphera, ndiyeno anaunyema ndi kuugaŵira. Kodi mkatewo unali chiyani? Mofananamo, kodi nchiyani chimene chimagwiritsiridwa ntchito lerolino? Kodi chimatanthauzanji kapena kuimiranji?
6 Zimene zidaalipo zinali zinthu zochokera ku chakudya cha Paskha Yachiyuda, chimodzicho chikumakhala mkate wopanda chotupitsa, umene Mose anautcha “mkate wopanda chotupitsa, ndiwo mkate wa chizunziko.” (Deuteronomo 16:3; Eksodo 12:8) Mkatewo unapangidwa ndi ufa watirigu mosagwiritsira ntchito zotupitsa, mchere, kapena zokoleretsa zina. Pokhala wopanda chotupitsa (Chihebri, mats·tsahʹ), uwo unali wosalala ndi wolimba gwa; unafunikira kunyemedwa m’zidutswa zokhoza kudyeka.—Marko 6:41; 8:6; Machitidwe 27:35.
7. Kodi Mboni za Yehova zimagwiritsira ntchito mkate wotani pa Chikumbutso?
7 Yesu anagwiritsira ntchito mkate wopanda chotupitsa pa Mgonero wa Ambuye, chotero Mboni za Yehova lerolino zimachita mofananamo. Mkate wozolowereka wa Ayuda wotchedwa matzoth umatumikira chifunochi ngati sunapangidwe ndi msanganizo zowonjezereka, zonga ngati chimera, anyesi, kapena mazira. (Matzoth yokhala ndi zoyenjezera zimenezo siingafanane konse ndi “mkate wamazunzo” wolongosoledwawo.) Apo ayi akulu apampingo angapemphe winawake kupanga mkate wopanda chotupitsa kuchokera ku ntchintchi yaufa watirigu ndi madzi. Ngati palibe ufa watirigu, mkate wopanda chotupitsawo ungapangidwe ndi ufa wabare, mpunga, chimanga, kapena mtundu wina wa dzinthu. Ntchintchiyo imasalalitsidwa ndi kuphikidwa m’chiŵiya chopakidwa mafuta pang’ono.
8. Kodi nchifukwa ninji mkate wopanda chotupitsa uli chizindikiro choyenerera, ndipo kodi nchiyani chimene kuudya kumatanthauza? (Ahebri 10:5-7; 1 Petro 4:1)
8 Mkate woterowo ngwoyenerera chifukwa chakuti sumakhala ndi zotupitsa (yisiti), zimene Baibulo limagwiritsira ntchito kuimira kuipitsidwa kapena uchimo. Paulo anachenjeza ponena za mwamuna wina wachisembwere mumpingo kuti: ‘Chotupitsa pang’ono chitupitsa mtanda wonse. Tsukani chotupitsa chakale, kuti mukakhale mtanda watsopano, monga muli osatupa. Pakutinso paskha wathu waphedwa, ndiye Kristu; chifukwa chake tichita phwando, sindichotupitsa chakale, kapena ndi chotupitsa chadumbo, ndi kuipa mtima, koma ndi mkate wosatupa wa kuwona mtima, ndi chowonadi.’ (1 Akorinto 5:6-8; yerekezerani ndi Mateyu 13:33; 16:6, 12.) Mkate wopanda chotupitsa uli chizindikiro choyenerera cha thupi laumunthu la Yesu, popeza kuti iye adaali “woyera mtima, wopanda choipa, wosadetsedwa, wosiyana ndi ochimwa.” (Ahebri 7:26) Yesu adaalipo m’thupi lake laumunthu langwiro pamene adaati kwa atumwiwo: “Tengani ndi kudya [mkate] umenewu, umatanthauza thupi langa.” (Mateyu 26:26, A New Translation of the Bible, lolembedwa ndi James Moffatt) Kudya mkatewo kumatanthauza kuti munthuyo amakhulupirira ndipo akuvomereza phindu la nsembe ya Yesu kwa iye. Komabe, zowonjezereka zikuphatikizidwa.
Vinyo Wokhala ndi Tanthauzo
9. Kodi ndizizindikiro zina zotani zimene Yesu ananane kuti ziyenera kugwiritsiridwa ntchito?
9 Yesu anagwiritsira ntchito chophiphiritsira china: “Iye adatenganso chikho, ndipo pambuyo poyamika Mulungu iye adachipereka kwa iwo naati, ‘Mwerani, nonsenu; ichi chitanthauza mwazi wanga, mwazi wapangano latsopano, wokhetsedwera ambiri, wopezera kukhululukidwa kwa machimo awo.” (Mateyu 26:27, 28, Moffatt) Kodi chiyani chimene chinali m’chikho cha vinyocho chimene iye anayendetsa, ndipo kodi zimatanthauzanji kwa ife pamene tiyesayesa kuzindikira zimene ife tiri?
10. Kodi ndimotani mmene vinyo unapezera malo m’Paskha ya Ayuda?
10 Pamene Mose anayambitsa phwando la Paskha, iye sanatchulepo vinyo aliyense. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti vinyo unayambitsidwa m’Paskha nthaŵi yaitali pambuyo pake, mwinamwake m’zaka za zana lachiŵiri B.C.E.b Mosasamala kanthu za chimene chinali mkhalidwewo, kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa vinyo m’chakudyachi kunali kofala m’zaka za zana loyamba, ndipo Yesu sanakutsutse. Iye anagwiritsira ntchito vinyo wa Paskha pamene adayambitsa Chikumbutso.
11. Kodi ndivinyo wamtundu wotani umene uli woyenerera kugwiritsiridwa ntchito pa Mgonero wa Ambuye?
11 Popeza kuti Paskha ya Ayuda idachitidwa nthaŵi yaitali pambuyo pa kututidwa kwampesa, Yesu adakagwiritsira ntchito, osati msuzi wotsekemera wopanda zotupitsa, koma vinyo wofiira umene ukanaimira bwino lomwe mwazi wake. (Yerekezerani ndi Chivumbulutso 14:20.) Mwazi wa Kristu suunafunikire kuwonjezeredwa, chotero vinyo wamba ngwoyenerera, mmalo mwa vinyo wowonjezeredwa mphamvu yabulande (monga ngati vinyo wotchedwa port, sherry, kapena muscatel) kapena wowonjezeredwa tsabola kapena zonunkhira (monga vermouth, Dubonnet, kapena nsanganizo zambiri zochititsa njala). Komabe, sitifunikira kudera nkhaŵa ndi mmene vinyo adapangidwira, kuti kaya suga idawonjezeredwa potupitsa kuupangitsa kukoma mwachikatikati kapena wokhala ndi nsanganizo zoledzeretsa kapena ngati anagwiritsira ntchito sulfure pang’ono kuuchinjiriza kuti asavunde.c Mipingo yambiri imagwiritsira ntchito vinyo wofiira wogulitsidwa (monga ngati Chianti, Burgundy, Beaujolais, kapena claret) kapena vinyo wamba wofiira wodzipangira. Vinyo ndi mkate ndizizindikiro chabe, kapena ziphiphiritsiro; chotero, zosagwiritsiridwa ntchito zingabwezeredwe kunyumba ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito pambuyo pake mofanana ndi chakudya china chirichonse kapena chakumwa.
12. Kodi Yesu analongosola kuti vinyo uli ndi tanthauzo lotani lophiphiritsira?
12 Chenicheni chakuti Yesu adalankhula za mwazi wake pausiku wa Paskha chingakhale chitakumbutsa za mwazi wa ana ankhosa kalelo mu Igupto. Koma tamverani mmene Yesu anapangiradi kuyerekezera kosiyana, akumati: “Chikho ichi ndipangano latsopano m’mwazi wanga wothiriridwa chifukwa cha inu.” (Luka 22:20) Pachiyambiyambi Mulungu anali atapangana pangano ndi mtundu wa Israyeli wakuthupi, ndipo linakhazikitsidwa ndi mwazi wa nsembe zanyama. Panali kufanana pakati pa mwazi wa nsembe zimenezo ndi mwazi wa Yesu. Wonsewo unaphatikizidwa m’kukhazikitsidwa kwa pangano ndi mtundu wa anthu ake. (Eksodo 24:3-8; Ahebri 9:17-20) Mbali ya Pangano la Chilamulo inali yakuti Israyeli wakuthupi anali ndi chiyembekezo cha kupanga mtundu wa mafumu ndi ansembe. (Eksodo 19:5, 6) Komabe, pamene Israyeli analephera kusunga pangano la Yehova, iye adanena kuti “pangano lakalelo” likalowedwa m’malo ndi “pangano latsopano.” (Ahebri 9:1, 15; Yeremiya 31:31-34) Chikho cha vinyo chimene Yesu tsopano anayendetsa pakati pa atumwi ake okhulupirika chinaimira pangano latsopanoli.
13, 14. (a) Kodi kukhala m’pangano latsopano kumatanthauzanji? (b) Kodi nchiyani chimene chimatanthauzidwa ndi kudya kwa munthuyo zizindikiro?
13 Akristu olowetsedwa m’pangano latsopano limeneli amadzapanga mtundu wauzimu wa mafumu ndi ansembe. (Agalatiya 6:16) Mtumwi Petro adalemba kuti: “Inu ndinu mbadwa zosankhika, ansembe achifumu, mtundu woyera mtima, anthu a mwini wake, kotero kuti mukalalikire zoposazo za iye amene anakuitanani mutuluke mumdima, muloŵe m’kuunika kwake kodabwitsa.” (1 Petro 2:9) Chipulumutso chimene iwo adzalandira nchachiwonekere—moyo m’mwamba monga olamulira anzake ndi Yesu. Chivumbulutso 20:6 chimatsimikizira chimenechi: “Wodala ndi woyera mtima ndiye amene achita nawo pa kuuka koyamba . . . adzakhala ansembe a Mulungu ndi a Kristu, nadzachita ufumu pamodzi ndi iye zaka chikwizo.”
14 M’chenicheni, pamene Yesu analangiza atumwi kudya zizindikiro za mkate ndi vinyo, iye adawauza kuti ‘akadya ndi kumwa pagome lake muufumu wake, ndi kukhala pamipando yachifumu kuweruza mafuko khumi a Israyeli.’ (Luka 22:28-30) Chotero, kudya zizindikiro za Chikumbutso kumatanthauza zambiri kuposa kukhulupirira nsembe ya Yesu. Mkristu aliyense ayenera kuvomereza dipolo ndi kusonyeza chikhulupiriro kulikonse ngati ati alandire moyo wosatha. (Mateyu 20:28; Yohane 6:51) Koma kudya zizindikiro kumatanthauza kuti munthuyo ali m’pangano latsopano, wasankhidwa kukhala ndi Yesu mu Ufumu wake.
Kufunika kwa Kuzindikira Panthaŵi ya Chikumbutso
15. Kodi ndimotani mmene Yesu anayambitsira chiyembekezo chatsopano cha atumiki a Mulungu?
15 Monga momwe nkhani yapitayo yalongosolera, nthaŵi ya Yesu isadakhale atumiki okhulupirika a Mulungu adaalibe chiyembekezo cha kupita kumwamba. Iwo adayang’anira mtsogolo kukulandira moyo wosatha padziko lapansi, kwawo koyambirira kwa anthu. Yesu Kristu adali woyamba kuukitsidwa monga mzimu, ndipo adakhala woyamba mwa anthu kutengeredwa kumwamba. (Aefeso 1:20-22; 1 Petro 3:18, 22) Paulo anatsimikizira zimenezi, akumalemba kuti: “Pokhala nacho, abale, chilimbikitso cha kuloŵa m’malo opatulika, ndi mwazi wa Yesu, panjira yatsopano ndi ya moyo.” (Ahebri 10:19, 20) Kodi akatsatira ndani, pambuyo pa kutsegula njira imeneyo kwa Yesu?
16. Kodi mtsogolo mwasungira chiyani awo amene amadya mkate ndi kumwa vinyo?
16 Pausikuwo Yesu anayambitsa Mgonero wa Ambuye, iye adauza atumwi ake okhulupirika kuti anali kuwakonzekera malo m’mwamba. (Yohane 14:2, 3) Komabe, kumbukirani, kuti Yesu adanenanso kuti akudya mkate ndi kumwera chikho akakhala Muufumu wake ndi kukakhala pamipando yachifumu kudzaweruza. Kodi amenewo angakhale atumwi okha? Ayi, popeza kuti pambuyo pake mtumwi Yohane anamva kuti Akristu ena nawonso akagonjetsa ndi ‘kukhala ndi Yesu pampando wake wachifumu,’ ndipo onse pamodzi akakhala ‘ufumu ndi ansembe kulamulira padziko lapansi.’ (Chivumbulutso 3:21; 5:10) Yohane anamvanso chiŵerengero cha Akristu “ogulidwa padziko lapansi”—144,000. (Chivumbulutso 14:1-3) Popeza kuti kameneka ndikagulu kakang’ono kwambiri, “kagulu kankhosa” poyerekezeredwa ndi onse amene alambira Mulungu m’mibadwo yonse, kuzindikira kwapadera nkofunika panthaŵi ya Chikumbutso.—Luka 12:32.
17, 18. (a) Kodi Akristu ena a m’Korinto anagwera m’chizoloŵezi chotani? (b) Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuphatikizidwa m’zakudya ndi zakumwa kunali nkhani yowopsa? (Ahebri 10:28-31)
17 Paulo anatchula zimenezi m’kalata yake yolembedwera Akorinto panthaŵi imene atumwi ena anali ndi moyobe ndipo nthaŵi imene Mulungu ankatcha Akristu “kukhala oyera.” Paulo adanena kuti chizoloŵezi choipa chinayambika pakati pa awo amene anafunikira kudya zizindikirozo. Ena ankadya chakudya pasadakhale pamene anali kudya kapena kumwa mopambanitsa, zikumawapangitsa kuwodzera, kugodomalitsa maganizo awo. Monga chotulukapo, iwo sanakhoze “kuzindikira thupi,” thupi laumunthu la Yesu loimiridwa ndi mkate. Kodi zimenezo zinali zowopsa? Inde! Mwa kudya mosayenerera, iwo anakhala “ochimwira thupi ndi mwazi wa Ambuye.” Ngati iwo anali ogalamuka mwamaganizo ndi mwauzimu, ‘akadazindikira zimene iwo anali ndipo sakadaŵeruzidwa.’—1 Akorinto 1:2; 11:20-22, 27-31.
18 Kodi Akristu amenewo anafunikira kuzindikira chiyani ndipo motani? Chachikulu, iwo anafunikira kuzindikira mumtima ndi m’maganizo kuti iwo anaitanidwadi ndi kukhala pakati pa oloŵa nyumba a moyo wakumwamba a 144,000. Kodi iwo anazindikira motani chimenechi, ndipo kodi ambiri lerolino ayenera kukhulupirira kuti iwo ali mbali ya gulu laling’ono limeneli lomwe Mulungu wakhala akusankha chiyambire m’nthaŵi ya atumwi?
19. Kodi ndimkhalidwe wovumbula wotani umene unali pa Chikumbutso cha 1989?
19 M’chenicheni, Akristu owona ochepekera chabe lerolino amazindikira zimenezi ponena za iwo eni. Paphwando la Chakudya Chamadzulo cha Ambuye mu 1989, oposa 9,479,000 anasonkhana m’mipingo ya Mboni za Yehova kuzungulira padziko lapansi. Ochepera pa 8,700 anadzinenera kukhala ndi chiyembekezo cha kukhala ‘opulumutsidwira muufumu wakumwamba.’ (2 Timoteo 4:18) Unyinji wonsewo—inde, mamiliyoni a Akristu ena okhulupirika, odalitsidwa amene adasonkhana—anazindikira kuti chiyembekezo chawo chenicheni ndicho kukhala ndi moyo kosatha padziko lapansi.
20. Kodi ndimotani mmene a 144,000 amauzidwira kuti aitanidwa? (1 Yohane 2:27)
20 Papentekoste wa 33 C.E., Mulungu adayamba kusankhira a 144,000 kumoyo wakumwamba. Popeza chiyembekezo chimenechi chinali chatsopano, chimenecho atumiki a Mulungu a nthaŵi ya Yesu isadakhale analibe, kodi osankhidwawo akadziŵa bwanji kapena kutsimikiziridwa chiyembekezo chimenechi? Iwo amazindikira zimenezi mwa kulandira umboni woperekedwa ndi mzimu wa Mulungu. Chimenechi sichitanthauza kuti iwo amawonadi mzimuwo (uwo sindiwo munthu) kapena kukhala ndi lingaliro lamaganizo la mzimuwo ukumalankhulana nawo, ndiponso iwo samamva mawu kuchokera kudziko lamizimu. Paulo akulongosola kuti: “Mzimu yekha achita umboni limodzi ndi mzimu wathu, kuti tiri ana a Mulungu . . . pomweponso oloŵa nyumba; inde oloŵa nyumba ake a Mulungu, ndi oloŵa anzake a Kristu; ngati ife timva zowawa pamodzi naye, titi tikalandirenso ulemerero pamodzi ndi iye.”—Aroma 8:16, 17.
21. (a) Kodi ndimotani mmene odzozedwa amadziŵira kuti ali ndi chiyembekezo chakumwamba? (1 Akorinto 10:15-17) (b) Kodi odzozedwa ali amtundu wanji, ndipo kodi ndimotani mmene amachitira umboni modzichepetsa chiyembekezo chawocho?
21 Umboni umenewu, kapena kuzindikira, umasintha kuganiza ndi chiyembekezo chawo. Iwo ali chikhalirebe anthu, kusangalala ndi zinthu zabwino za chilengedwe cha padziko lapansi cha Yehova, komabe cholinga chachikulu cha moyo wawo ndi nkhaŵa ziri pakukhala oloŵa nyumba limodzi ndi Kristu. Iwo sanapeze lingaliro limeneli mwa kutengeka maganizo. Iwo ndianthu wamba, okhazikika m’kapenyedwe kawo ndi kudzisungira. Komabe, pokhala atayeretsedwa ndi mzimu wa Mulungu, iwo ngokhutira ndi maitanidwe awo, popanda kukhala ndi zikaikiro zake zosalekeza. Iwo amazindikira kuti chipulumutso chawo chidzakhala chakumwamba atatsimikizira kukhala okhulupirika. (2 Atesalonika 2:13; 2 Timoteo 2:10-12) Kumvetsetsa zimene nsembe ya Yesu imatanthauza kwa iwo ndi kuzindikira kuti ali Akristu odzozedwa ndi mzimu, iwo modzichepetsa amadya zizindikiro za Chikumbutso.
22. Kodi ambiri amene adzafika pa Mgonero wa Ambuye adzazindikiranji?
22 Ochulukira amene momvera adzasonkhana pa April 10 alibe chiyembekezo chimenecho, chifukwa chakuti Mulungu sanawadzoze ndi mzimu, kuwaitanira kumoyo wa kumwamba. Monga momwe tawonera, Mulungu anayamba kusankha a 144,000 kalelo m’tsiku la atumwi. Komatu chiitano chimenecho chitamalizidwa, kungayembekezeredwe kuti ena odza kudzamlambira akakhala ndi chiyembekezo chimene chinali ndi Mose, Davide, Yohane Mbatizi, ndi okhulupirika ena amene anamwalira Yesu asanatsegule njira yomkera ku moyo wakumwamba. Chotero, mamiliyoni ambiri a Akristu okhulupirika ndi achangu lerolino samadya zizindikiro za Chikumbutso. Akristu oterowo amazindikira kuti ali pamaso pa Mulungu m’lingaliro lakuti iwo amazindikira chiyembekezo chawo chogwira ntchito. Iwo amapindula ndi mwazi wa Yesu ndi thupi mwa kukhululukidwa kwa machimo awo ndiyeno kupeza moyo wosatha padziko lapansi.—1 Petro 1:19; 2:24; Chivumbulutso 7:9-15.
23. Kodi nchifukwa ninji Chikumbutso chidzakhala phwando losangalatsa? (Yerekezerani ndi 2 Mbiri 30:21.)
23 Pamenepo, tiyeni tiyang’ane mtsogolo kuphwando losangalatsa pa April 10. Idzakhala nthaŵi yogwiritsira ntchito kuzindikira komanso nthaŵi ya chisangalalo. Chisangalalo kwa chiŵerengero chochepa chokhala ndi chiyembekezo chakumwamba amene moyenelera ndi momvera adzadya mkate ndi kumwera chikho. (Chivumbulutso 19:7) Chisangalalonso kwa Akristu mamiliyoni angapo achimwemwe amene pa madzulo amenewo adzapenyerera ndi kuphunzira ndi amene amayembekezera kukumbukira kosatha padziko lapansi phwando lokhala ndi tanthauzo limenelo.—Yohane 3:29.
[Mawu a M’munsi]
a “Pausiku umene Iye anaperekedwa Ambuye Yesu anatenga mkate; atayamika, anaunyema nati: ‘Iri ndithupi langa kaamba ka inu; chitani ichi monga chondikumbukira.’ Mofananamo Iye anatenga chikho pamene chakudya chamadzulo chinali chitatha, ndipo adaati: ‘Chikho ichi ndicho pangano latsopano, lotsimikiziridwa ndi mwazi wanga; nthaŵi iriyonse imene muchimwa, mutero kundikumbukira.’”—An Expanded Paraphrase of the Epistles of Paul, lolembedwa ndi F. F. Bruce.
b Katswiri wina akupereka lingaliro iri ponena za chifukwa chimene vinyo anawonjezeredwera: “[Paskha] siidafunikirenso kukhala mwambo wachaka ndi chaka wa kusonkhana kwa amuna achikulire; iyo inafunikira kukhala chochitika cha phwando labanja, m’limene kumwa vinyo kunali kwachibadwa.”—The Hebrew Passover—From the Earliest Times to A.D. 70, lolembedwa ndi J. B. Segal.
c Kuchokera m’nthaŵi za makedzana mchere, mbali yoyera ya dzira, ndi msanganizo zina zakhala zikugwiritsiridwa ntchito kuyeretsa kapena kupanga mawonekedwe ndi kukoma kwa vinyo, Aroma adaagwiritsiradi ntchito sulfure monga nsanganizo yochinjirizira kuvunda pofulula vinyo.
Kodi Yankho Lanu Nlotani?
◻ Kodi nchifukwa ninji mkate wopanda chotupitsa umayendetsedwa pa Chikumbutso, ndipo kodi umaphiphiritsiranji?
◻ Kodi nchiyani chimene chiri chikho choyendetsedwa pa Mgonero wa Ambuye, ndipo kodi chimaimiranji?
◻ Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuzindikira kuli kofunika panthaŵi ya phwando la Chikumbutso?
◻ Kodi nchifukwa ninji mukuyang’anira mtsogolo ku Chikumbutso chimene chirinkudzacho?