“Ikimenyetso cyo Kuza [“Kuhaba,” MN ] Kwawe Ni Ikihe?”
“Ibyo bizaba ryari, n’ikimenyetso cyo kuza [“kuhaba,” “MN” ] kwawe n’icy’imperuka y’isi ni ikihe?”—MATAYO 24:3.
1, 2. Ni iki cyerekana ko abantu bashishikazwa no kumenya iby’igihe kizaza?
ABANTU benshi bashishikazwa no kumenya iby’igihe kizaza. Mbese, nawe ni uko? Mu gitabo cye cyitwa Future Shock, umwarimu wo muri kaminuza witwa Alvin Toffler yavuze ibihereranye n’ “ukwaduka kw’imiryango myinshi yiga iby’igihe kizaza.” Yongeyeho ati ‘tubona amatsinda agenda avuka y’abantu bagamije kungurana ibitekerezo ku bihereranye no guteganya iby’igihe kizaza; ibinyamakuru bivuga iby’igihe kizaza bigenda bivuka mu Bwongereza, mu Bufaransa, mu Butaliyani, mu Budage no muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika; ikwirakwira ry’amasomo atangwa muri za kaminuza yibanda ku bihereranye no guteganya iby’igihe kizaza.’ Toffler yaje gusoza agira ati “birumvikana ko nta muntu n’umwe ushobora ‘kumenya’ iby’igihe kizaza mu buryo budasubirwaho.”
2 Igitabo cyitwa Signs of Things to Come kigira kiti “uburyo bwo kuragura bitegereza mu biganza, ubwo kuragurisha imibumbe y’ibirahure, ubwo kuragurisha inyenyeri, ubwo gukoresha amakarita, ubwa I Ching, ubwo bwose ni ubuhanga buhambaye bugamije kuduha igitekerezo runaka cy’ibyo igihe kizaza gishobora kuba kiduhishiye mu buryo bwa bwite.” Ariko kandi, aho kwiyambaza ubwo buryo bukoreshwa n’abantu, twaba tugize neza ahubwo duhindukiriye isoko yiringirwa—ari yo Yehova.
3. Kuki bikwiriye guhindukirira Imana kugira ngo tumenye iby’igihe kizaza?
3 Imana y’ukuri yagize iti “uko nabitekereje, ni ko bizasohora, kandi uko nagambiriye ni ko bizaba” (Yesaya 14:24, 27; 42:9). Koko rero, Yehova yashoboye kugira abantu inama ku bihereranye n’ibyari kubaho nyuma y’igihe, akenshi akabikora binyuriye ku bavugizi b’abantu. Umwe muri abo bahanuzi yanditse agira ati “Uwiteka Imana ntizagira icyo ikora itabanje guhishurira abagaragu bayo b’abahanuzi ibihishwe byayo.”—Amosi 3:7, 8; 2 Petero 1:20, 21.
4, 5. (a) Kuki Yesu ashobora kudufasha kumenya ibihereranye n’igihe kizaza? (b) Ni ikihe kibazo gikubiyemo byinshi abigishwa be bamubajije?
4 Yesu Kristo yabaye umuhanuzi w’Imana uruta abantu bose (Abaheburayo 1:1, 2). Reka twibande kuri bumwe mu buhanuzi bwe bw’ingenzi bukubiyemo ibintu birimo bisohora muri iki gihe. Nanone ubwo buhanuzi butumenyesha ibigiye kuba vuba hano ubwo iyi gahunda mbi izaba irangiye maze Imana ikayisimbuza paradizo hano ku isi.
5 Yesu yerekanye ko yari umuhanuzi (Mariko 6:4; Luka 13:33; 24:19; Yohana 4:19; 6:14; 9:17). Ni yo mpamvu intumwa ze, ubwo zari zicaranye na we ku Musozi wa Elayono bitegeye Yerusalemu, zamubajije ibihereranye n’igihe kizaza zigira ziti “ibyo bizaba ryari, n’ikimenyetso cyo kuza [“kuhaba,” MN ] kwawe n’icy’imperuka y’isi ni ikihe?”—Matayo 24:3; Mariko 13:4.
6. Ni irihe sano riri hagati y’ibivugwa muri Matayo 24, muri Mariko 13 no muri Luka 21; kandi se, ni ikihe kibazo cyagombye kudushishikaza cyane?
6 Icyo kibazo cy’izo ntumwa hamwe n’igisubizo Yesu yazihaye, biboneka muri Matayo igice cya 24, muri Mariko 13 no muri Luka igice cya 21.a Izo nyandiko ziruzuzanya mu ngingo nyinshi, ariko nta bwo zihwanye. Urugero, Luka wenyine ni we wavuze ko ‘hamwe na hamwe hari kubaho ibyorezo by’indwara’ (Luka 21:10, 11; Matayo 24:7; Mariko 13:8). Birumvikana ko dushobora kwibaza tuti, mbese, Yesu yahanuraga ibintu byari kubaho mu gihe cyo kubaho kw’abari bamuteze amatwi gusa, cyangwa se nanone yerekezaga kuri iki gihe turimo, n’ikizaza?
Intumwa Zashakaga Kumenya
7. Ni iki ikibazo cy’intumwa cyerekezagaho cyane cyane, ariko se, igisubizo Yesu yazihaye cyari cyagutse mu rugero rungana iki?
7 Hasigaye iminsi mike ngo yicwe, Yesu yavuze ko Imana yari yaramaze kuvana amaboko kuri Yerusalemu, umurwa mukuru w’Abayahudi. Uwo murwa hamwe n’urusengero rwawo rukomeye, byagombaga kurimburwa. Iyo ni yo mpamvu yatumye zimwe mu ntumwa zibaza Yesu ‘ikimenyetso cyo kuza [“kuhaba,” MN ] kwe n’icy’imperuka y’isi’ (Matayo 23:37–24:3). Nta gushidikanya ko batekerezaga cyane cyane ku byerekeye gahunda ya Kiyahudi na Yerusalemu, kubera ko batiyumvishaga neza ukuntu urugero rw’ibyari kubaho nyuma y’igihe rwari kuba rungana. Mu kubasubiza ariko, Yesu yarebye kure y’umwaka wa 70 w’igihe cyacu, igihe Abaroma barimburaga Yerusalemu.—Luka 19:11; Ibyakozwe 1:6, 7.
8. Ni ibihe bintu bimwe na bimwe byahanuwe na Yesu?
8 Nk’uko wabisoma mu nkuru eshatu z’Amavanjiri, Yesu yavuze ko ishyanga ryari gutera irindi shyanga, ubwami bugatera ubundi bwami, hakabaho ibura ry’ibiribwa ibishitsi, ibitera ubwoba, n’ibimenyetso mu ijuru. Abahanuzi b’ibinyoma n’abiyita Kristo bari kwaduka hagati y’igihe Yesu yavugiye iby’icyo kimenyetso (mu mwaka wa 33 w’igihe cyacu) n’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu (mu mwaka wa 66-70 w’igihe cyacu). Abayahudi bari kuzatoteza Abakristo, bari kuba babwiriza ubutumwa bwa Yesu.
9. Ni gute ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu bwasohoye mu kinyejana cya mbere cy’igihe cyacu?
9 Ibyo bice bigize ikimenyetso byarasohoye rwose, nk’uko umuhanga mu by’amateka witwa Flavius Josephus abyemeza. Yanditse avuga ko, mbere y’uko Abaroma batera, abiyita Mesiya bateye abantu kwigomeka. Habayeho ibishitsi bikomeye muri Yudaya n’ahandi. Mu duce twinshi tw’Ubwami bw’Abaroma havutse intambara. Mbese, haba harabayeyo n’inzara zikomeye? Yego rwose! (Gereranya n’Ibyakozwe 11:27-30.) Na ho se, bite ku bihereranye n’umurimo wo kubwiriza Ubwami? Ahagana mu myaka ya za 60 na 61 y’igihe cyacu, ubwo igitabo cy’Abakolosayi cyandikwaga, “[i]byiringiro biheshwa n’ubutumwa [bwiza]” bw’Ubwami bw’Imana byari byarumviswe mu buryo bwagutse muri Afurika, muri Aziya, no mu Burayi.b—Abakolosayi 1:23.
‘NI BWO’ Imperuka Izaherako Ize
10. Kuki tugomba kwita ku ijambo ry’Ikigiriki toʹte, kandi ubusobanuro bwaryo ni ubuhe?
10 Mu bice bimwe na bimwe, Yesu yagiye avuga ibintu byari kuzabaho ahuje n’ukuntu byari gukurikirana. Yagize ati “ubu butumwa bwiza bw’ubwami buzigishwa . . . , ni bwo imperuka izaherako ize.” Bibliya Yera ikoresha kenshi ijambo “ni bwo” risobanurwa mu buryo bworoshye ngo “rero” cyangwa ngo “ariko” (Mariko 4:15, 17; 13:23). Ariko kandi, muri Matayo 24:14, ijambo “ni bwo” rishingiye ku mugereka w’Ikigiriki toʹte.c Intiti mu rurimi rw’Ikigiriki, zivuga ko ijambo toʹte ari “umugereka nyereka w’igihe” rikoreshwa “iyo umuntu avuga ibintu biri bukurikireho mu gihe runaka,” cyangwa “iyo umuntu avuga ibintu bizabaho nyuma y’igihe runaka.” Bityo rero, yahanuye ko Ubwami bwari kubwirizwa, hanyuma (ni ukuvuga ‘nyuma y’ibyo’ cyangwa ‘nyuma y’aho’) “imperuka” ikabona kuza. Iyihe mperuka?
11. Ni gute Yesu yerekeje ku bintu byari bifitanye isano ritaziguye n’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu?
11 Ugusohozwa kumwe k’ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu, kugaragarira ku bintu byabaye ahagana ku mperuka ya gahunda ya Kiyahudi. Intambara, ibishitsi, inzara, n’ibindi bintu Yesu yari yarahanuye, byabayeho mu gihe cy’imyaka mirongo itatu. Icyakora, guhera muri Matayo 24:15, Mariko 13:14 na Luka 21:20, dusomamo ibihereranye n’ibintu byari bifitanye isano ritaziguye n’irimbuka ryari kuba ryegereje, igihe imperuka yari kuba yegereje cyane.—Reba imirongo icagaguye ku mbonerahamwe.
12. Ni gute ingabo z’Abaroma zagize uruhare mu isohozwa ry’ubuhanuzi bwo muri Matayo 24:15?
12 Imyivumbagatanyo y’Abayahudi yo mu wa 66 w’igihe cyacu, yatumye Abaroma bari bayobowe na Cestius Gallus batera i Yerusalemu, maze bagota uwo murwa, uwo Abayahudi bibwiraga ko ari uwera (Matayo 5:35). N’ubwo Abayahudi bagerageje gukumira icyo gitero, Abaroma babinjiranye mu murwa. Uko ni ko batangiye ‘guhagarara ahera’ nk’uko Yesu yari yarabihanuye muri Matayo 24:15 no muri Mariko 13:14. Nyuma y’ibyo, habayeho igikorwa gitunguranye. N’ubwo Abaroma bari bagose umurwa, baje kugira batya barikubura bisubirira iwabo. Abakristo bahise bamenya ko ibyo bisohoza ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu, maze izo ngabo zigiye, baboneraho uburyo bwo kuva i Yudaya bahungira mu misozi yo hakurya ya Yorodani. Amateka ahamya ko babigenje batyo.
13. Kuki Abakristo bashoboye kumvira umuburo wa Yesu wabasabaga guhunga?
13 Ariko se, niba Abaroma bari bamaze kwikubura bakava mu nkengero za Yerusalemu, kuki byari ngombwa ko abantu bahunga? Amagambo ya Yesu yagaragaje ko ibyari bisohoye byerekanaga “yuko kurimbuka kwaho kwenda gusohora” (Luka 21:20). Yee, kurimbuka nyine. Yahanuye ‘umubabaro mwinshi, utigeze kubaho uhereye ku kuremwa ku isi, kandi utari kuzongera kubaho.’ Koko rero, hafi imyaka itatu n’igice nyuma y’aho, mu wa 70 w’igihe cyacu, i Yerusalemu haje kugerwaho n’“umubabaro mwinshi” utewe n’ingabo z’Abaroma zari ziyobowe n’Umugaba wazo Titus (Matayo 24:21; Mariko 13:19). Ariko se, kuki Yesu yavuze ko uwo wari umubabaro ukomeye kurusha indi yose yabayeho mbere yawo cyangwa nyuma?
14. Kuki dushobora kuvuga ko ibyabaye kuri Yerusalemu mu wa 70 w’igihe cyacu, wari “umubabaro mwinshi” utarigeze kubaho mbere hose, kandi kuva icyo gihe ukaba utarongeye kubaho?
14 Yerusalemu yari yararimbuwe n’Abanyababuloni mu wa 607 mbere y’igihe cyacu, kandi uwo murwa wabereyemo imirwano iteye ubwoba muri iki kinyejana cyacu. Ariko kandi, ibyabaye mu wa 70 w’igihe cyacu byari umubabaro ukomeye utagira undi bihwanye. Mu mirwano yamaze hafi amezi atanu, ingabo za Titus zatsinze Abayahudi. Zabishemo abagera kuri 1.100.000 kandi abagera ku 100.000 zibajyanaho iminyago. Byongeye kandi, bashenye Yerusalemu. Ibyo byerekanye ko gahunda ya Kiyahudi yo gusenga kwemewe kwari gushingiye ku rusengero, yari irangiye burundu (Abaheburayo 1:2). Ni koko, ibyabaye mu wa 70 w’igihe cyacu byashoboraga mu buryo bukwiriye kuvugwaho kuba ‘umubabaro utari warigeze kubaho [muri uwo murwa, kuri iryo shyanga, no kuri gahunda y’ibintu y’icyo gihe] uhereye ku kuremwa ku isi ukageza icyo gihe, kandi ko utari kuzongera kubaho.’—Matayo 24:21.d
Nk’uko Byari Byarahanuwe, Hari Ibindi Byagombaga Gukurikiraho
15. (a) Ni ibihe bintu Yesu yahanuye byagombaga kubaho nyuma y’umubabaro wari kugera kuri Yerusalemu? (b) Dufatiye kuri Matayo 24:23-28, ni uwuhe mwanzuro twafata ku bihereranye n’ugusohozwa k’ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu?
15 Icyakora, nta bwo Yesu yerekeje ubuhanuzi bwe ku mubabaro wo mu kinyejana cya mbere honyine. Bibiliya yerekana ko hari ibintu byinshi byari kubaho nyuma y’uwo mubabaro, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ikoreshwa ry’ijambo toʹte, cyangwa “icyo gihe,” riri muri Matayo 24:23 no muri Mariko 13:21. Ni iki cyari kubaho nyuma y’umwaka wa 70 w’igihe cyacu nyuma y’umubabaro wa gahunda ya Kiyahudi? Abiyita Kristo n’abahanuzi benshi b’ibinyoma bari kwaduka. (Gereranya na Mariko 13:6 na 13:21-23.) Amateka yemeza ko abantu nk’abo badutse uko ibinyejana byagiye bihita uhereye ku irimbuka rya Yerusalemu ryabaye mu mwaka wa 70 w’igihe cyacu, uretse ko batayobeje abantu babonaga neza mu buryo bw’umwuka, kandi bakaba bari bategereje “ukuhaba” kwa Kristo. (Matayo 24:27, MN, 28) Ariko kandi, ibyo bintu byabayeho nyuma y’umubabaro wo mu wa 70 w’igihe cyacu, byabaye ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko Yesu yarebaga ibyari kuzaba nyuma y’uwo mubabaro, uwo mubabaro ukaba wari isohozwa ry’ibanze gusa.
16. Ni iki muri Luka 21:24 hongera ku buhanuzi bwa Yesu, kandi ni akahe kamaro bifite?
16 Iyo tugereranyije muri Matayo 24:15-28 no muri Mariko 13:14-23 hamwe no muri Luka 21:20-24, tubona ikimenyetso cya kabiri kigaragaza ko ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu bwavugaga n’ibyari kuzabaho nyuma y’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu. Twibuke ko Luka wenyine ari we wavuze ibyorezo by’indwara. Ni na we wenyine washoje ubwo buhanuzi avuga amagambo ya Yesu agira ati “i Yerusalemu hazasiribangwa n’abanyamahanga, kugeza ubwo ibihe by’abanyamahanga bizashirira”e (Luka 21:24). Abanyababuloni bavanyeho umwami wa nyuma w’Abayahudi mu wa 607 mbere y’igihe cyacu, nuko Yerusalemu yari ihagarariye Ubwami bw’Imana, itangira gusiribangwa (2 Abami 25:1-26; 1 Ngoma 29:23; Ezekiyeli 21:25-27). Muri Luka 21:24, Yesu yerekanye ko iyo mimerere yari gukomeza ityo ikageza igihe Imana yari kuzongera gushyiraho Ubwami.
17. Ni ikihe kimenyetso cya gatatu cyerekana ko ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu bwerekezagaho mu gihe cyari kuzaza?
17 Nanone hari ikimenyetso cya gatatu kigaragaza ko Yesu yanavugaga ibyari kuzasohora nyuma y’igihe kirekire. Dukdurikije Ibyanditswe, Mesiya yagombaga gupfa kandi akazuka, nyuma y’ibyo akaba yari kwicara iburyo bw’Imana akageza ubwo Se amwohereza gutegeka (Zaburi 110:1, 2). Yesu yumvikanishije ko yari kwicara iburyo bwa Se (Mariko 14:62). Intumwa Pawulo yemeje ko Yesu wazutse yari iburyo bwa Yehova ategereje igihe yari kuba Umwami n’Urangiza imanza z’Imana.—Abaroma 8:34; Abakolosayi 3:1; Abaheburayo 10:12, 13.
18, 19. Ni irihe sano riri hagati y’imirongo yo mu Byahishuwe 6:2-8 n’ubuhanuzi bwo mu Mavanjiri?
18 Ku bihereranye n’ikimenyetso cya kane, ari na cyo gisoza, cyerekana ko ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu bwerekeye imperuka ya gahunda y’ibintu bureba ibintu byari kubaho nyuma y’ikinyejana cya mbere, dushobora kureba mu Byahishuwe igice cya 6. Ubwo intumwa Yohana yandikaga, hashize imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo nyuma y’umwaka wa 70 w’igihe cyacu, yavuze ibintu bitangaje bihereranye n’abantu bagendera ku mafarashi (Ibyahishuwe 6:2-8). Ibyo bintu by’ubuhanuzi bwo ku “munsi w’Umwami”—umunsi wo kuhaba kwe—bigaragaza ko ikinyejana cyacu cya 20 cyari kuba igihe cy’intambara zitangaje (umurongo wa 4), inzara zikomeye (umurongo wa 5 n’uwa 6), n’“urupfu” (umurongo wa 8). Uko bigaragara, ibyo bisa n’ibyo Yesu yahanuye mu Mavanjiri, kandi byerekana ko ubuhanuzi bwe busohozwa mu buryo bwagutse kurushaho muri uyu “munsi w’umwami.”—Ibyahishuwe 1:10.
19 Abantu bakurikiranira ibintu hafi, bazi ko ikimenyetso gikubiyemo byinshi cyahanuwe muri Matayo 24:7-14 no mu Byahishuwe 6:2-8 cyagaragaye kuva igihe intambara ya mbere y’isi yose yarotaga mu wa 1914. Abahamya ba Yehova batangaje mu isi yose ko ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu burimo busohora ubwa kabiri kandi mu buryo bukomeye kurushaho, nk’uko byagaragajwe n’intambara zikaze, ibishitsi byangiza, inzara ziteye akaga, hamwe n’indwara z’ibyorezo. Kuri iyo ngingo, ikinyamakuru cyitwa U.S.News & World Report (cyo ku itariki ya 27 Nyakanga 1992) cyagize kiti “icyorezo cy’indwara ya SIDA . . . gihitana za miriyoni na za miriyoni z’abantu, kandi vuba aha gishobora kuzaba icyorezo gitwara byinshi kandi gihitana imbaga kurusha ibindi byose mu mateka. Icyorezo cy’indwara y’uruhu (cyitwa peste noire) cyahitanye abantu bagera kuri miriyoni 25 mu kinyejana cya 14. Ariko kandi, uhereye ubu kugeza mu mwaka wa 2000, abantu bagera kuri miriyoni 30 kugeza kuri miriyoni 110 bazaba baranduye virusi ya Sida (HIV), nyamara ubu bakaba bagera kuri miriyoni 12. Niba hatabonetse umuti, abo bose bugarijwe n’urupfu nta gushidikanya.”
20. Ni irihe sohozwa rya mbere ry’ibikubiye muri Matayo 24:4-22, ariko se ni irihe sohozwa rindi ryagombaga kubaho?
20 Noneho se, ni uwuhe mwanzuro twafata ku byerekeye igisubizo Yesu yahaye intumwa ze? Ubuhanuzi bwe bwahanuye mu buryo butarangwamo kugenekereza ibintu byabaye mbere no mu gihe cy’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu, kandi bunavuga bimwe mu byabaye nyuma y’umwaka wa 70 mu gihe cyacu. Ariko kandi, ibyinshi mu bigize ubwo buhanuzi byari gusohozwa ubwa kabiri kandi mu buryo bukomeye kurushaho mu gihe cyari kuza, isohozwa ryari gusozwa n’umubabaro ukomeye wari kuvanaho iyi gahunda mbi y’ibintu. Ibyo bishaka kuvuga ko ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu buri muri Matayo 24:4-22, hamwe n’ubundi busa na bwo buri muri Mariko no muri Luka, bwasohoye kuva mu mwaka wa 33 w’igihe cyacu kugeza ku mubabaro wo mu mwaka wa 70 w’igihe cyacu. Icyakora, iyo mirongo yagombaga kugira isohozwa rya kabiri ryari kuba rikubiyemo n’umubabaro ukomeye kurushaho mu gihe cyari kuza. Iryo sohozwa rikomeye kurushaho ririmo riraba ubu; turaryibonera n’amaso yacu buri munsi.f
Ibyo Bizageza ku Ki?
21, 22. Ni hehe dusanga ubuhanuzi bugaragaza ko hari ibindi bintu by’inyongera byagombaga kubaho nyuma y’igihe?
21 Nta bwo Yesu yashoje ubuhanuzi bwe avuga ko abahanuzi b’ibinyoma bari kuzakora ibimenyetso biyobya muri icyo gihe kirekire, kugeza igihe ‘ibihe by’abanyamahanga byari gushirira’ (Luka 21:24; Matayo 24:23-26; Mariko 13:21-23). Ahubwo, yakomeje avuga ko hari kuzabaho ibindi bintu bitangaje, ibintu byari kuboneka mu isi yose. Ibyo bintu byari kuba bifitanye isano no kuza k’Umwana w’umuntu afite ububasha n’ikuzo. Muri Mariko 13:24-27, herekana neza ubuhanuzi bwe bukomeza bugira buti
22 “Ariko muri iyo minsi, hanyuma y’uwo mubabaro, izuba rizijima, n’ukwezi ntikuzava umwezi wako, n’inyenyeri zizagwa ziva mu ijuru, n’imbaraga zo mu ijuru zizanyeganyega. Ubwo ni bwo bazabona Umwana w’umuntu aje ku bicu, afite ubushobozi bwinshi n’ubwiza. Azatuma abamarayika, ateranye intore ze mu birere bine, uhereye ku mpera y’isi, ukageza ku mpera y’ijuru.”
23. Kuki dushobora gushakira isohozwa ry’ibiri muri Matayo 24:29-31 nyuma cyane y’ikinyejana cya mbere cy’igihe cyacu?
23 Umwana w’umuntu, ari we Yesu Kristo wazutse, nta bwo yaje muri ubwo buryo butangaje nyuma y’irimbuka rya gahunda ya Kiyahudi imaze kurimburwa mu mwaka wa 70 w’igihe cyacu. Nta gushidikanya ko amoko yose yo mu isi atamumenye nk’uko muri Matayo 24:30 habigaragaza, nta n’ubwo kandi abamarayika bo mu ijuru bakorakoranyije Abakristo bose basizwe babavanye mu isi yose. None se, ni ryari icyo gice cy’umugereka gihereranye n’ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu butangaje cyari gusohozwa? Mbese, cyaba kirimo gisohozwa n’ibintu birimo biba ubu, cyangwa se ahubwo, cyaba kiduhishurira ubumenyi buva ku Mana bw’ibintu dushobora kwiringira kuzabona mu gihe kiri imbere cya vuba aha? Nta gushidikanya ko twagombye gushaka kubimenya, bitewe n’uko Luka avuga uyu muburo wa Yesu ugira uti “nuko ibyo nibitangira kubaho, muzararame, mwubure imitwe yanyu, kuko gucungurwa kwanyu kuzaba kwenda gusohora.”—Luka 21:28.
[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]
a Ingingo z’ibyo bice ziri ku mbonerahamwe iri ku mapaji ya 18, 19; imirongo icagaguye irerekana ibyiciro bihuje by’iyo nkuru.
b Ku bihereranye n’ubusobanuro burambuye bw’amateka y’ibyo, reba Umunara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 15 Gicurasi 1970 ku mapaji ya 299-300 [mu Gifaransa].
c Ijambo toʹte riboneka incuro zisaga 80 muri Matayo (incuro 9 mu gice cya 24) n’incuro 15 mu gitabo cya Luka. Mariko we yakoresheje ijambo toʹte incuro esheshatu zonyine, ariko enye muri zo zikaba zerekeye ku ‘kimenyetso.’
d Umwanditsi w’Umwongereza witwa Matthew Henry yanditse agira ati “irimbuka rya Yerusalemu ryatewe n’Abakaludaya ryari rikaze cyane, ariko iryo ryo ryarushijeho. Ryari rigiye gutsemba burundu Abayahudi . . . bose.”
e Mu nkuru ya Luka, benshi babona ihinduka nyuma ya Luka 21:24. Dr. Leon Morris yagize ati “Yesu akomeza avuga ibihe by’Abanyamahanga. . . . Abenshi mu ntiti mu bya Bibiliya, babona ko nyuma y’aho ubuhanuzi bwerekeza k’ukuza k’Umwana w’umuntu.” Umwarimu wo muri Kaminuza witwa R. Ginns yanditse agira ati “Ukuza k’Umwana w’Umuntu—(Mat 24:29-31; Mar 13:24-27). Imvugo ngo “ibihe by’Abanyamahanga” ni itangiriro ry’uwo mutwe; uhereye aha, [Luka] yavuze ibyari kuzabaho nyuma y’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu.”
f Umwarimu wo muri Kaminuza witwa Walter L. Liefeld yanditse agira ati “birashoboka rwose ko ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu bwari bugizwe n’ibyiciro bibiri: (1) ibyabaye mu wa 70 nyuma y’ivuka rya Yesu birebana n’urusengero na (2) ibyari kuba nyuma y’igihe kirekire bivugwa mu buryo buteye ubwoba kurushaho.” Ubusobanuro bwatanzwe na J. R. Dummelow bugira buti “inyinshi mu ngorane ziterwa n’iyo disikuru itangaje, bikemuka iyo humvikanye ko Umwami atavugaga ikintu kimwe cyari kuba, ahubwo ko yavugaga ibintu bibiri, kandi ko icya mbere gisa n’icya kabiri. . . . Muri [Luka] 21:24, ho cyane cyane havuga ‘iby’ibihe by’Abanyamahanga,’ . . . hashyira igihe kitazwi hagati y’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu n’imperuka y’isi.”
Mbese, Uribuka?
◻ Ni irihe sohozwa ryabayeho ry’ibikubiye mu gisubizo cya Yesu cy’ikibazo kiri muri Matayo 24:3 ryagejeje mu wa 70 w’igihe cyacu?
◻ Ni gute imikoreshereze y’ijambo toʹte idufasha gusobanukirwa ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu?
◻ Ni mu buhe buryo mu kinyejana cya mbere habayeho “umubabaro mwinshi” utarigeze ubaho mbere hose?
◻ Ni ibihe bintu bibiri byihariye biri mu buhanuzi bwa Yesu byavuzwe na Luka bitureba muri iki gihe?
◻ Ni ibihe bimenyetso bigaragaza ugusohozwa ubwa kabiri kandi mu buryo bukomeye kurushaho k’ubuhanuzi buri muri Matayo 24:4-22?
[Imbonerahamwe yo ku ipaji ya 18 n’iya 19]
4 “Yesu arabasubiza ati ‘Mwirinde hatagira umuntu ubayobya, 5 kuko benshi bazaza biyita izina ryanjye bati “Ni jye Kristo”; bazayobya benshi. 6 Muzumva iby’intambara n’impuha z’intambara; mwirinde mudahagarika imitima: kuko bitazabura kubaho, ariko imperuka izaba itaraza.
7 “‘Ishyanga rizatera irindi shyanga, n’bwami buzatera ubundi bwami, hazabaho inzara n’ibishitsi hamwe na hamwe. 8 Ariko ibyo byose bizaba ari itangiriro ryo kuramukwa.
9 “‘Ubwo ni bwo bazabagambanira ngo mubabazwe, ndetse bazabica: muzangwa n’amahanga yose, abahora izina ryanjye. 10 Ni bwo benshi bazasubira inyuma, bazagambanirana bangane. 11 N’abahanuzi benshi b’ibinyoma bazaduka, bayobye benshi. 12 Maze kuko ubugome buzagwira, urukundo rwa benshi ruzakonja. 13 Ariko uwihangana akageza imperuka, ni we uzakizwa. 14 Kandi ubu butumwa bwiza bw’ubwami buzigishwa mu isi yose, ngo bube ubuhamya bwo guhamiriza amahanga yose: ni bwo imperuka izaherako ize.
------------------------------------------------------------------
15 “‘Ariko ubwo muzabona ikizira kirimbura cyahanuwe n’umuhanuzi Daniyeli gihagaze Ahera,’ (ūbisoma, abyitondere), 16 ‘icyo gihe abazaba bari i Yudaya bazahungire ku misozi, 17 n’uzaba ari hejuru y’inzu, ye kuzamanuka ngo atware ku bintu byo mu nzu ye, 18 n’uzaba ari mu mirima, ye kuzasubira imuhira, ngo azane umwenda we. 19 Abazaba batwite n’abonsa muri iyo minsi bazabona ishyano. 20 Namwe musengere kugira ngo guhunga kwanyu kutazabaho mu mezi y’imbeho cyangwa ku isabato; 21 kuko muri [icyo gihe] hazabaho umubabaro myinshi, utigeze kubaho uhereye ku kuremwa ku isi ukageza none, kandi ntuzongera kubaho. 22 Iyo minsi iyaba itagabanijweho, ntihajyaga kuarokoka n’umwe: ariko ku bw’intore iyo minsi izagabanywaho.
------------------------------------------------------------------
23 “‘Icyo gihe umuntu nababwira ati “Dore, Kristo ari hano”, n’undi ati “Ari hano”, ntimuzabyemere. 24 Kuko abiyita Kristo n’abahanuzi b’ibinyoma bazaduka bakora ibimenyetso bikomenye n’ibitangaza, kugira ngo babone uko bayobya n’intore, niba bishoboka. 25 Dore mbibabwiye bitaraba. 26 “Nuko nibababwira bati ‘Dore, ari mu butayu’, ntimuzajyeyo: cyangwa bati ‘Dore, ari mu kirambi’, ntimuzabyemere. 27 Kuko nk’uko umurabyo urabiriza iburasirazuba ukabonekera aho rirengera, ni ko no kuza k’Umwana w’umuntu kuzaba. 28 Aho intumbi iri hose, ni ho inkongoro ziteranira.
------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------
29 “‘Ariko hanyuma y’umubabaro wo muri iyo minsi, uwo mwanya izuba rizijima, n’ukwezi ntikuzava umwezi wako, n’inyenyeri zizagwa ziva mu ijuru, n’imbaraga zo mu ijuru zizanyeganyega.’ 30 Ubwo ni bwo ikimenyetso cy’Umwana w’umuntu kizabonekera mu ijuru, n’amoko yose yo mu isi ni bwo azaboroga, abonye Umwana w’umuntu aje ku bicu byo mu ijuru, afite ubushobozi n’ubwiza bwinshi. 31 Azatumisha abamarayika be ijwi rirenga ry’impanda, bateranye intore ze mu birere bine, uhereye impera y’ijuru, ukageza iyindi mpera yaryo.’”
5 “Yesu atangira kubabwira ati ‘Mwirinde hatagira umuntu ubayobya, 6 kuko benshi bazaza biyita izina ryanjye bati “Ni iye Kristo”; bakayobya benshi. 7 Nuko nimwumva intambara n’impuha z’intambara, ntimuzahagarike imitima: kuko ibyo bitazabura kubaho, ariko imperuka izaba itaraza.
8 “‘Ishyanga rizatera irindi shyanga, n’ubwami buzatera ubundi bwami: hamwe na hamwe hazaba ibishyitsi, hazaba n’inzara. Ibyo bizaba ari itangiriro ryo kuramukwa.
9 “‘Ariko mwirinde; kuko bazabagambanira mu nkiko, muzakubitirwa mu masinagogi, kandi muzahagarara imbere y’abategeka n’abami babampora, ngo mu babere ubuhamya. 10 Ubutumwa bwiza bukwiriye kubanza kumara kwamamazwa mu mahanga yose. 11 Nibabajyana mu mwanza, ntimuzahagarike imitima y’ibyo muzavuga; ahubwo ibyo muzabwirwa muri icyo gihe, muzabe ari byo muvuga; kuko atari mwe muzaba muvuga, ahubwo ari [u]mwuka [w]era. 12 Umuvandimwe azagambanira mwene se ngo yicwe, na se w’umwana azamugambanira, abana bazagomera ababyeyi, babicishe. 13 Kandi muzangwa na bose, babahora izina ryanjye: ariko uwihangana, akageza imperuka, ni we uzakizwa.
------------------------------------------------------------------
14 “‘Ariko nimubona ikizira kirimbura kigeze aho kidakwiriye’, (usoma abyitondere) ‘icyo gihe abazaba bari i Yudaya bazahungire ku misozi; 15 n’uzaba ari hejuru y’inzu, ye kuzamanuka, ngo yinjire mu nzu ye ngo agire icyo akuramo: 16 n’uzaba ari mu murima, ye kuzasubira imuhira ngo azane umwenda we. 17 Abazaba batwite n’abonsa muri iyo minsi bazabona ishyano: 18 nuko musenge kugira ngo bitazabaho mu mezi y’imbeho: 19 kuko muri iyo minsi hazabaho umubabaro mwinshi utigeze kubaho, uhereye mu itangiriro, ubwo Imana yaremaga, ukageza none, kandi ntuzongera kubaho. 20 Iyaba Umwami Imana itagabanyije iyo minsi, ntihajyaga kurazokoka umuntu n’umwe; ariko ku bw’intore yatoranyije yayigabanyijeho.
------------------------------------------------------------------
21 “‘Icyo gihe, umuntu nababwira ati “Dore Kristo ari hano”, cyangwa ati “Dore, ari hariya”, ntimuzabyemere; 22 kuko hazaduka abiyita Kristo n’abahanuzi b’ibinyoma, bakora ibimenyesto n’ibitangaza, kugira ngo babone uko bayobya n’intore, niba bishoboka. 23 Ariko mwebwe mwirinde; dore, mbibabwiye byose bitaraba.
------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------
24 “‘Ariko muri iyo minsi, hanyuma y’uwo mubabaro, izuba rizijima, n’ukwezi ntikuzava umwezi wako, 25 n’inyenyeri zizagwa ziva mu ijuru, n’imbaraga zo mu ijuru zizanyeganyega. 26 Ubwi ni bwo bazabona Umwana w’umuntu aje ku bicu, afite ubushobozi bwinshi n’ubwiza. 27 [Icyo gihe] azatuma abamarayika, ateranye intore ze mu birere bine, uhereye ku mpera y’isi, ukageza ku mpera y’ijuru.’”
8 “Arabasubiza ati ‘Mwirinde, batabayobya: kuko benshi bazaza biyita izina ryanjye, bati “Ni jye Kristo”, kandi bati “Igihe kiri bugufi”; ariko ntimuzabakurikire. 9 Ariko nimwumva intambara n’imidugararo, ntimuzahagarike imitima, kuko ibyo bikwiriye kubanza kubaho, ariko imperuka ntizaherako isohora uwo mwanya.’
10 “[Icyo gihe] arababwira ati ‘Ishyanga rizatera irindi shyanga, n’ubwami butere ubundi bwami. 11 Kandi mu isi hamwe na hamwe hazaba ibishyitsi bikomeye, kandi hazabaho inzara n’ibyorezo by’indwara; hazabaho n’ibitera ubwoba n’ibimenyetso bikomeye biva mu ijuru.
12 “‘Ariko ibyo byose bitaraza, bazabafata babarenganye, babajyane mu masinagogi no mu mazu y’imbohe, babashyīre abami n’abategeka, babahora izina ryanjye: 13 ibyo bizababeraho kugira ngo mube abahamya. 14 Nuko mumaramaze mu mitima yanyu yuko mutazashaka ibyo mwireguza, icyo gihe kitaragera: 15 kuko nzabaha ururimi n’ubwenge, ibyo abanzi banyu bose batazabasha kuvunguruza cyangwa gutsinda. 16 Ariko muzagambanirwa n’ababyeyi banyu, ndetse n’abavandimwe na bene wanyu n’incuti zanyu; bazicisha bamwe muri mwe. 17 Muzangwa na bose babahora izina ryanjye. 18 Ariko ntimuzapfūka agasatsi na kamwe ku mwite yanyu. 19 Nimwihangana, muzakiza ubugingo bwanyu.
------------------------------------------------------------------
20 “‘Ariko, ubwo muzabona i Yesusalemu hagoswe n’ingabo, [ni bwo] muzamenya yuko kurimbuka kwaho kwenda gusohora. 21 Icyo gihe abazaba bari i Yudaya bazahungire ku misozi miremire, n’abazaba bari hagati muri Yerusalemu bazayivemo, n’abazaba bari imusozi ntibazayijyemo;
22 kuko iyo minsi izaba ari iyo guhoreramo, ngo ibyanditswe byose bisohore. 23 Abazaba batwite n’abonsa muri iyo minsi bazabona ishyano: kuko hazaba kubabara kwishi mu gihugu, kandi umujinya uzaba uri kuri ubu bwoko. 24 Bamwe bazicwa n’inkota, abandi bajyanwe mu mahanga yose ari imbohe,
------------------------------------------------------------------
kandi i Yerusalemu hazasiribangwa n’abanyamahanga, kugeza ubwo ibihe by’abanyamahanga bizashirira.
------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------
25 “‘Kandi hazaba ibimenyetso ku zuba no ku kwezi no ku nyenyeri, kandi no hasi amahanga azababara, bumirwe bumvise inyanja n’umuraba bihorera. 26 Abantu bazagushwa igihumure n’ubwoba no kwibwira ibyenda kuba mu isi, kuko imbaraga zo mu ijuru zizanyeganyega. 27 Ubwo ni bwo bazabona Umwana w’umuntu aje mu gicu, afite ibaraga n’ubwiza bwishi. 28 Nuko ibyo nibitangira kubaho, muzararame, mwubure imitwe yanyu, kuko gucungurwa kwanyu kuzaba kwenda gusohora.’”