Nzvimbo ine Maruva Yakasiyana Nedzimwe

NOMUNYORI WEMUKAI! MUSOUTH AFRICA

YAPEDZA kuisa maruva aibva kuAfrica muzvikwata-zvikwata, nyanzvi yezvemaruva yomuzana remakore rechi18 Carolus Linnaeus yakarondedzera kwaaibva se“paradhiso yepasi, Cape of Good Hope, iyo Musiki Ane Mutsa akapfumisa nezvishamiso Zvake zvakaisvonaka.”

Zvinonzi zvishamiso zvakaisvonaka izvi zvinowanikwa munharaunda iri kwakaperera maodzanyemba eAfrica. VaDutch vakapa zvinomera zvomunharaunda yacho zita rokuti fijnbosch, kureva kuti “gwenzi rakanaka kwazvo” kana kuti “miti yakaisvonaka.” Sezvo shoko rokuti fijn richireva kuti “zviduku,” zvimwe izvi zvaireva mashizha maduku nemiti, uyewo miti mitete inokura munharaunda yacho. Nokufamba kwenguva, shoko rokuti fijnbosch rakava “fynbos.” Mashizha emiti inokura munharaunda yeFynbos angava maduku uye akaomarara, asi maruva acho ane ukuru, mavara uye zvitarisiko zvinopedza mate.

Nharaunda yeFynbos iri munzvimbo ine maruva yakasiyana zvikuru nedzimwe munyika yose—Nzvimbo Inomera Maruva yeCape.a Kunyange zvazvo nzvimbo iyi iri duku zvikuru, inzvimbo ine marudzi ezvinomera akasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa—rimwe bhuku rinoti anopfuura 8 550—zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu hazvina kumwe kwazvinowanikwa pasi pano.

PaTable Mountain chete, marudzi 1 470 ezvinomera akaverengwa! “Iyi,” inodaro magazini inonzi New Scientist, “inopfuura inowanikwa muBritish Isles yose.” Zvisinei, Fynbos yakachinjawo dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi. Zvinodaro sei?

Kusiyana-siyana Kunoshamisa

Kana uine ruva rinonzi geranium pahwindo rako, zvimwe uri kutarisira ruva rakabva kuFynbos. Pamarudzi 250 anongokura oga musango pasi pano, anopfuura zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu anowanikwa munharaunda yeFynbos.

Uyezve, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemaruva 1 800 orudzi runonzi Iridaceae chinokura muno, kusanganisira anopfuura 72 anonzi gladioli asina kumwe kwaanowanikwa pasi pano. Kana ari anonzi daisies ne“vygies,” kwakaperera maodzanyemba eAfrica kune marudzi 1 646.b Aya anosanganisira anogara kwenguva yakareba (everlastings), ayo anoramba ane ruvara rwakanaka uye anoshandiswa kwemakore munoshandiswa maruva akaoma.

Zvisinei, chinhu chinonyanya kushamisa muFynbos, muti wemo unoita maruva unonzi erica. Zvingakushamisa kuziva kuti muFynbos mune marudzi 625 emaruva anonzi erica, pa740 anowanikwa munyika yose!

Ruva Rinonzi Sugar-Bush Neshiri Inonzi Sugarbird

Linnaeus akaongorora boka rimwe remaruva omuFynbos anoshamisa pakutaridzika kwawo kwakasiyana-siyana. Akaapa zita rokuti protea (mubonda), rakatorwa pazita ramwari wechiGiriki Proteus, ainzi aichinja kuita miviri yakasiyana-siyana. Pamwe chete, mibonda 328 inowanika munharaunda yeFynbos. Zvinofadza kwazvo kufamba mumakomo eCape ndokungoerekana waona mubonda muhombe! Maruva ayo makuru dzimwe nguva anokura kudarika chiso chomunhu.

Mumwe mubonda wakakurumbira unonzi sugar-bush. Maruva omuti uyu akaita semakapu, uye akazara nedakunanzva (nectar). Vakatanga kugaramo vaizunzira maruva acho mumagaba kuti vatore dakunanzva, ravaizofashaidza kugadzira sirapu.

Kashiri kanonzi sugarbird komuCape—kanongowanikwa muFynbos chete—kanodawo dakunanzva remibonda. Nomuromo wako wakareba uye rurimi rwakareba, kanosveta dakunanzva racho uye kanobatsira nokutakura mukume (pollen) kubva paruva rimwe kuenda kune rimwe—basa rokuberekesa rinonyatsoshanda. Uyezve, sugarbird inodya tumbuyu tunokwezvwawo nemaruva acho makuru. Saka, shiri yacho neruva racho zvinodyidzana kuti zvirambe zviripo.

Kumwe Kudyidzana Kunokosha

Mimwe mibonda hairebi zvakanyanya, inovharwa nezvimwe zvinomera. Mbeva dzinokwezvwa nokunhuwirira kunenge kwembiriso kunobudiswa nemaruva aya. Dzichipinza misoro yadzo mumaruva acho, mbeva dzacho dzinonwa dakunanzva, dzapedza dzinoenda kune mamwe uye dzinotakura mukume unenge wasaririra pamvere dzepamuromo. Saka mbeva nemibonda zvinodyidzana kuti zvirarame.

Kudyidzana kwakafanana kuripo pakati pemaruva anonzi erica netsodzo (sunbird) ine chipfuva chakatsvukuruka, inowanikwa muFynbos chete. Nokuti akaita sechubhu yakakombama, maruva acho anonyatsoenderana nomuromo wetsodzo. Kashiri kacho pakanopinza musoro wako muruva kuti kasvete dakunanzva, musoro wako unonamira mukume. Kwegore rose miti inonzi erica inenge iine maruva anogutsa zvinodiwa netsodzo, uye miti yacho inobatsirwa nokutakura mukume kunoitwa nekashiri kacho. Zvinofadza kwazvo kufamba mujinga mechikomo ichi ndokutarira kudyidzana kunoshamisa uku!

Zvimwe zvinhu zvipenyu zvinokosha muFynbos. Somuenzaniso, rimwe fura fura rinonzi Table Mountain beauty ndiro chete rinotakura mukume wemarudzi 15 emaruva matsvuku. Rimwe remaruva aya rakakurumbira rinonzi disa, iro rinonakisa Table Mountain.

Kunewo nhuta dzinodya midzi yemaorchid, lily, uye iris. Nhuta dzomuCape dzinotakura zvidimbu zvemidzi dzozvichengeta mumwena yadzo. Zvimwe zvidimbu zvinodonha kana kuti zvinosiyiwa zvisina kudyiwa mumwena, zvinowanzoita midzi zvokura.

Mazana emiti yomuFynbos anobereka mhodzi dzine parutivi pakapfava uye panenge pane mafuta panobudisa munhuwi unodiwa kwazvo nemajuru. Pashure pokunge abatisisa “pakapfava apa” majuru acho anodhonzera mhodzi dzacho pasi pevhu. Zvadaro, majuru acho anongodya pakapfava asi kwete mhodzi dzakaoma. Nenzira iyi, mhodzi dzinenge dzakavigwa, dzakadzivirirwa pashiri nembeva, dzinogona kuzomera gare gare.

Kunewo nhunzi dzine muromo murefu. Nhunzi idzi dzinonyatsotakura mukume wemaruva akareba-reba. Nhunzi imwe chete ine muromo wakareba anenge masendimita matatu. Zvechokwadi, kudyidzana kunokosha kuti Fynbos irambe iripo!

Kudyidzana Kune Ngozi

Nyanzvi yezvakapoteredza T. F J. van Rensburg mubhuku rinonzi An Introduction to Fynbos, anoti, “zvinosuruvarisa kuti Munhu, zvaakapiwa kuti atarisire Zvakasikwa, muzviitiko zvakawanda ndiye ari kukonzera kuparara kwenzvimbo dzakasikwa dzakadaro.” Zvechokwadi, kuparadza kukuru kwakaitika munguva pfupi zvikuru, sokutsanangura kwakaita Dr. Piet van Wyk kuti: “Mumakore anenge 300 kubvira pakapambwa nyika, mupata uri makadzikira wefynbos wakadimburwa-dimburwa uye wakashandurwa kusvika pauri nevanhu zvokuti 31 muzana chete yemiti . . . yomufynbos ndiyo ichiripo. Mamwe marudzi 39 emiti yomufynbos akatoparara, uye mamwe 1 033 aimbova pangozi akasvika pakutotsakatika.”

Zviito zvomunhu zvakaisawo pangozi kudyidzana kunokosha pakati pemhuka nemiti zvomuFynbos. Bhuku rinonzi Table Mountain—A Natural Wonder, rinoti “Nyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu nemhoteredzo yazvo dzichiri kungotanga kunzwisisa kudyidzana kwakaoma kunzwisisa kwemhuka nemiti mufynbos. Kana muti ukaoma, chipuka chinotakura mukume (nhuta, fura fura kana kuti ngoko) chichatsakatikawo here?” Uye zvakadini neshiri dzomuFynbos? Maererano neimwe nyanzvi yezvinhu zvipenyu yomuSouth Africa C. J. Skead, kurarama kwesugarbird kuri pangozi nemhaka “yokudyidzana kwayo neMibonda.”

Mashoko akadaro anokangaidza ari kutaurwa nezvenharaunda yeFynbos chikonzero chokunetseka. Kunyange zvakadaro, kuavo vanodavira mu“Musiki Ane Mutsa,” kufanana naLinnaeus, panewo chikonzero chokuva netariro. Nokuti munhu anogona kuva nechivimbo chokuti pasi richanaka nokuita maruva zvarisati ramboita Jehovha Mwari paanozadzika chipikirwa chake cho‘kuita zvinhu zvose zvitsva.’—Zvakazarurwa 21:5.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mepu dziri papeji 16]

(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)

Nharaunda yeFynbos (iri kuratidzwa noruvara rwegirini)

Table Mountain

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Mountain High Maps® Copyright © 1997 Digital Wisdom, Inc.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 16]

“Painted Lady,” rimwe remaruva 72 anonzi “gladioli” asingawanikwi kune imwe nzvimbo pasi pano

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Una Coetzee (www.agulhasfynbos.co.za) ▸

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 16]

Mamwe maruva emibonda akakura kudarika chiso chomunhu

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Nigel Dennis

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 16, 17]

PaTable Mountain chete, marudzi 1 470 emaruva akasiyana-siyana akaverengwa

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 16, 17]

Ruva rinonzi “Strawberry” rinoramba rakanaka kunyange raoma

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Nigel Dennis

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 17]

Rimwe remaruva anonzi “daisy” anowanikwa muFynbos

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Kirstenbosch, Cape Town

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 17]

“Table Mountain beauty” ndiro chete fura fura rinotakura mukume wemarudzi 15 emaruva matsvuku

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Colin Paterson-Jones

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 17]

Mubonda unonzi “Pincushion”

[Kwazvakatorwa]

National Parks Board yomuSouth Africa

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 18]

Kudyidzana kwakasiyana nokumwe kuripo pakati pemaruva anonzi “erica” netsodzo

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Colin Paterson-Jones

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 18]

Mibonda ne“sugarbird” yokuCape ishamwari dzepedyo chaizvo

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Kirstenbosch, Cape Town

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 18]

Ruva rinonzi Watsonia

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Kirstenbosch, Cape Town

[Vakatipa Mufananidzo uri papeji 18]

National Parks Board yomuSouth Africa