“Vakadzi Vanoshanda Zvakaoma munaShe”
“Kwazisai Trifaina naTrifosa, vakadzi vanoshanda zvakaoma munaShe.”—VAROMA 16:12, NW.
1. Ushumiri hwapasi hwaJesu hwakabvumikisa kuva chikomborero nokuda kwavakadzi munzirai?
USHUMIRI hwapasi hwaJesu zvirokwazvo hwakanga huri chikomborero nokuda kwavakadzi vechiJudha. Basa raakavamba rakanga richizounza nyaradzo, tariro, uye chiremera chitsva kuvakadzi vamadzinza ose. Haana kuteerera magamuchidzanwa echiJudha ayo “akaita kuti shoko raMwari risakoshe.” (Mateo 15:6, NW) Mazhinji amagamuchidzanwa iwayo akanyomba maruramiro makuru akapiwa naMwari avakadzi.
Chimiro chaJesu Kuvakadzi
2. Neiko kuchigona kutaurwa kuti kusvika kwaJesu kuvakadzi kwakanga kuri kuchinja nokuda kwenguva dzacho?
2 Musiano wakadini unooneka wakanga uri pakati pechimiro chaJesu kuvakadzi neicho chavatungamiriri vorudzidziso vechiJudha! Kunokora mashoko Encyclopaedia Judaica, chapashure chakarangarira vakadzi kuva “vana makaro, vabi vamashoko, vane usimbe, uye vane godo.” Kurukurirano nomukadzi yaisatenderwa, uye “kwainyadzisa kuti nyanzvi itaure nomukadzi munzira.” (Jerusalem in the Time of Jesus, rakanyorwa naJoachim Jeremias; enzanisa naJohane 4:27.) Zvimwe zvakawanda zvingagona kutaurwa pamusoro pechimiro chokuzvidza chavatungamiriri vechiJudha kuvakadzi. Asi zviri pamusoro apa zvichakwana kuratidza kuti kusvika kwaJesu kuvakadzi kwakanga kuri sei kwokuchinja zvirokwazvo nokuda kwenguva dzacho.
3. Ndizvinoitikai mukati moushumiri hwaJesu zvinoratidza kuti akanga achidisa kudzidzisa vakadzi zvokwadi huru dzomudzimu?
3 Jesu anogovera muenzaniso wakakwana wokuti varume vanogona sei kuva noukama hwoushamwari bva hwakachena navakadzi. Haana kukurukura navo bedzi asi akavadzidzisawo zvokwadi huru dzomudzimu. Kutaura idi, munhu wokutanga chaiye uko iye akazivisa pachena uMesia hwake akanga ari mukadzi, uye kunze kwezvo mukadzi weSamaria. (Johane 4:7, 25, 26) Kupfuurirazve, chinoitika chinobatanidza Marta naMaria chinoratidza zvakajeka kuti kusafanana navatungamiriri vorudzidziso vechiJudha, Jesu haana kunzwa kuti mukadzi akanga asina maruramiro okurega kwechinguvana poto dzake namapani kuti awedzere zivo yake yomudzimu. Panhambo iyoyo, Maria “akasarudza mugove wakanaka,” achiisa zvinhu zvomudzimu pakutanga. (Ruka 10:38-42, NW) Asi mwedzi mishomanene gare gare, pashure pokunge hanzvadzi yavo yafa, akanga ari Marta, kwete Maria, uyo akaratidza kudisa kukuru zvikuru kusangana naTenzi. Tinofara sei kunyange nhasi pakurava kurukurirano iyoyo huru yomudzimu pakati paJesu naMarta pamusoro petariro yorumuko! (Johane 11:20-27) Iyoyo yaiva ropafadzo yakadini nokuda kwaMarta!
Vakadzi Vakashumira Jesu
4, 5. Kunze kwavaapostora, ndivanaani vakatevera Jesu mukati moushumiri hwake hwomuGarirea, uye vakamushumira sei?
4 Jesu akagamuchirawo kushumira kwavakadzi sezvaakafamba munyika yose. Munhauro yake yeEvhangeri, Marko anodudza “vakadzi . . . avo vaisimuperekedza [Jesu] ndokumushumira paakanga ari muGarirea.” (Marko 15:40, 41, NW) Ndivanaani vaiva ava vakadzi, uye vakabatira sei Jesu? Hatizivi mazita avo vose, asi Ruka anozivisa vashomanene uye anotsanangura kuti munzirai umo vakashumira namo Jesu.
5 Ruka anonyora, kuti: “Zvino shure kwaizvozvo, wakapota nokumaguta nemisha, achiparidza nokureva zveEvhangeri yo[Umambo, NW] hwaMwari, vane gumi navaviri vanaye. Navamwe vakadzi vakanga vaporeswa pa[midzimu, NW] yakaipa, napamarwere, vaiti, Maria unonzi Magdharene, iye wakanga abuda [midzimu, NW] yakaipa minomwe kwaari, naJohana, mukadzi waKuza, mutariri waHerodhe, naSusana, navamwe vazhinji, vaimushumira nezvavo.” (Ruka 8:1-3) Jesu aidisa kuti ava vakadzi vamutevere ndokushandisa zvinhu zvavo kushumira zvinodikanwa zvake zvokunyama neizvo zvavaapostora vake.
6. (a) Ndivanaani vakaperekedza Jesu mukati morwendo rwake rwokupedzisira kuJerusarema? (b) Ndivanaani vakamira parutivi paJesu kusvikira kurufu rwake, uye vamwe vavo vakatuswa sei? (c) Mumurangariro wamagamuchidzanwa echiJudha, chii chinoshamisa pamusoro penhauro iri pana Johane 20:11-18?
6 Apo Jesu akaurawa, “vakadzi vazhinji vakanga varipo, vakatarira vari kure, vakanga vatevera Jesu, vachibva Garirea vachimushandira. Pakati pavo kwakanga kuna Maria Magdharene, naMaria mai vaJakobho naJose.” (Mateo 27:55, 56) Nokudaro, vakadzi vazhinji vakatendeka vakamira pedyo naJesu panguva yorufu rwake. Kunokoshawo kuti vakadzi vakanga vari zvapupu zvokutanga zvorumuko rwake. (Mateo 28:1-10) Ikoku makuri kumene kwakanga kuri chibhakera kugamuchidzanwa rechiJudha, nokuti mukati mechiJudha vakadzi vairangarirwa savasina kufanirwa nokuva zvapupu zvapamutemo. Uchirangarira ikoku, rava Johane 20:11-18, uye edza kufungidzira kunzwa kukuru uko Maria Magdharene anofanira kuva akanzwa apo Tenzi akamutswa akaoneka kwaari, akamudana nezita rake, uye akamushandisa sechapupu chake kuzivisa vadzidzi vake kuti zvirokwazvo iye akanga ari mupenyu!
Vakadzi Vakatendeka vechiKristu Pashure pePentekosta
7, 8. (a) Tinoziva sei kuti vakadzi vakanga varipo apo mudzimu wakadururwa paPentekosta? (b) Vakadzi vechiKristu vakagoverana sei mufutunuko yapakuvamba yechiKristu?
7 Pashure pokukwira kwaJesu kudenga, vakadzi voumwari vakanga varipo navaapostora vakatendeka mukamuri rapamusoro paJerusarema. (Mabasa 1:12-14) Kuti pakanga pane vakadzi pakati paavo mudzimu mutsvene wakadururirwa paPentekosta kuri pachena. Neiko? Nemhaka yokuti apo Petro akatsanangura chakanga chaitika, iye akanokora mashoko Joere 2:28-30, iyo inodudza zvakananga “vanasikana” na“varanda,” kana kuti “[varandakadzi, NW].” (Mabasa 2:1, 4, 14-18) Naizvozvo vakadzi vechiKristu vakaberekwa nomudzimu, vakazodzwa vakanga vari rutivi rweungano yechiKristu kuvambira pakutangwa kwayo chaiko.
8 Vakadzi vaiita basa rinokosha, kunyange zvazvo rakanga risati riri guru, mukuparadzirwa kwechiKristu. Maria, mai vaMarko nehama yokunyama yaBharnabhasi, vakaita kuti imba yavo yairatidzika kuva huru ishandiswe neungano yeJerusarema. (Mabasa 12:12) Uye akanga achidisa kuita ikoku panguva yakwakanga kune kutanga kutsva kwechitambudzo mukurwisana namaKristu. (Mabasa 12:1-5) Vanasikana vana vomuevhangeri Firipo vakaropafadzwa kuva vaporofitakadzi vechiKristu.—Mabasa 21:9; 1 VaKorinte 12:4, 10.
Chimiro chaPauro Kuvakadzi
9. Izanoi iro Pauro akapa pamusoro pavakadzi vechiKristu mutsamba yake yokutanga kuvaKorinte, uye inheyoi youmwari yaakanga achikurudzira vakadzi kuremekedza?
9 Pane dzimwe nguva muapostora Pauro anopomerwa mhaka yokuvenga vakadzi, ndiko kuti, kuvenga nokusavimba vakadzi. Chokwadi, akanga ari Pauro uyo akataura kuti vakadzi vachengete nzvimbo yavo yakafanira mukati meungano yechiKristu. Mukufamba kwenguva dzose kwezvinhu, vaisafanira kudzidzisa pamisangano yeungano. (1 VaKorinte 14:33-35) Kana, nemhaka yokuti kwakanga kusina muKristurume kana kuti nemhaka yokuti iye aiporofita mukusunda kwomudzimu mutsvene, mukadzi wechiKristu akataura pamusangano, aidikanirwa kupfeka chifukidziro chomusoro. Ichi chifukidziro chakanga chiri “chiratidzo chechiremera,” chibvumikiso chinooneka chokuti mukadzi aiziva gadziriro yaMwari youmusoro.—1 VaKorinte 11:3-6, 10, NW.
10. Vamwe vakapomera muapostora Pauro nezvechii, asi chii chinobvumikisa kuti iyi pomero ndeyenhema?
10 Pauro sezvinooneka akakuwana kuri madikanwa kuyeuchidza maKristu apakuvamba nezveidzi nheyo dzoubati ushe hwaMwari kuitira kuti ‘zvinhu zvose zvigoitika zvakanaka’ pamisangano yeungano. (1 VaKorinte 14:40) Asi ikoku kunoreva kuti Pauro akanga achishora vakadzi here, sokutaura kunoita vamwe? Aiwa, hakudaro. Akanga asiri Pauro here uyo muganhuro yokupedzisira yetsamba yake kuvaRoma akatumira kwaziso dzoushamwari kuvakadzi vapfumbamwe vechiKristu? Haana here kuratidza kuonga kukuru nokuda kwaFibhi, Priska (Prisira), Trifaina uye Trifosa, achidana vaviri ivava vokupedzisira kuti “vakadzi vanoshanda zvakaoma munaShe”? (VaRoma 16:1-4, 6, 12, 13, 15, NW) Uye akanga ari Pauro uyo akanyora mufuridzirwo, kuti: “Mose imi makabhapatidzwa muna Kristu makapfeka Kristu. Hakuchina muJudha kana kuti muGiriki, hakuchina muranda kana kuti wakasununguka, hakuchina munhurume kana kuti munhukadzi; nokuti mose muri munhu mumwe muhumwe naKristu Jesu.” (VaGaratia 3:27, 28, NW) Nenzira yakajeka Pauro aida uye aionga hanzvadzi dzake dzechiKristu, kubatanidza Ridhia, uyo akaratidza mutsa womuenzaniso mukati menguva yomuedzo.—Mabasa 16:12-15, 40; VaFiripi 4:2, 3.
Vakadzi Vanoshanda Zvakaoma Nhasi
11, 12. (a) Pisarema 68:11 iri kuzadzikwa sei chaizvoizvo nhasi? (b) Vazhinji vehanzvadzi dzedu vanozviwana vamene vari mumugariroi, uye neiko vachida chidakadaka chedu neminyengetero?
11 Mukati meungano yechiKristu nhasi, mune vakadzi vazhinji vechiKristu avo “vanoshanda zvakaoma munaShe.” Kutaura idi, zviverengero zvinoratidza kuti “vakadzi vanotaura mashoko akanaka ihondo huru,” vachiumba rutivi rukuru rwehondo yeZvapupu izvo Jehovha ari kushandisa munguva ino yomugumo. (Pisarema 68:11, NW) Ava vakadzi vechiKristu vanoshanda zvakaoma vakazviwanira vamene zita rakaisvonaka sezvo vanotamburira kuita basa ravo savadzimai, vanamai, vagadziri vapamusha, vatsigiri vemhuri, pamwe chete navashumiri vechiKristu.
12 Chiverengero chakati cheidzi hanzvadzi dzakaisvonaka chine varume vasingatendi. Vanofanira kugonana nouyu mugariro maawa 24 pazuva. Vamwe vave vachitamburira kwamakore kuva vadzimai vakanaka nepo vachisvitsa zvinodikanwa zvavabatiri vakavimbika vaJehovha. Kwave kusiri nyore, asi vakatsungirira, nguva dzose vachikarira kuti varume vavo “vangawanwa pasina shoko” kupfurikidza nomufambiro wavo wakaisvonaka wechiKristu. Uye mufaro wakadini unogoveranwa mauri nemhuri yose apo murume akadaro anogamuchira! (1 Petro 3:1, 2, NW) Munguvayi, idzi hanzvadzi dzakatendeka zvirokwazvo dzinoda chidakadaka chouhama neminyengetero yemimwe mitezo yeungano. Kunyange sezvo “mudzimu wakanyarara nomunyoro” wavanoedza kuratidza uri wo“ukoshi hukuru mumeso aMwari,” naizvozvo perero yavo yakasimba inokosha mumeso edu.—1 Petro 3:3-6, NW.
13. Neiko kuchigona kutaurwa nezvehanzvadzi dzedu mapiona kuti ivo “vakadzi vanoshanda zvakaoma munaShe,” uye dzinofanira kurangarirwa sei muungano dzavo dzakatsaukana?
13 Hanzvadzi dziri kubatira samapiona dzinogona zvikurusa zvamazvirokwazvo kutaurwa kuva dziri ku“shanda zvakaoma munaShe.” Vazhinji vavo vane musha, murume, uye vana vokutarisira, mukuwedzera kubasa ravo rokuparidzira. Vamwe vanoita basa risiri renguva yakazara kuti vabhadhare zvinodikanwa zvavo zvokunyama. Kwose ikoku kunoda kuronga kwakanaka, kutsunga, kutsungirira, uye basa rakawanda rakaoma. Ava vakadzi vechiKristu vanofanira kukwanisa kunzwa rudo netsigiro zvaavo vane mugariro usingavabvumiri kupa maawa okupayona kubasa rokupupurira.
14. (a) Muenzanisoi wakaisvonaka wetsungiriro unodudzwa? (b) Ndivamwe vakadzi vapi vechiKristu vanofanirwa nerumbidzo, uye nei? Dudza mienzaniso ipi neipi yomunzvimbomo.
14 Vamwe vakadzi vechiKristu vakaratidza kuomerera kwechienzi mubasa roupiona. MuCanada, Grace Lounsbury akatanga kuravira kupayona muna 1914. Aitofanira kubva pamutsara wamapiona muna 1918 nemhaka yechirwere, asi pakazosvika 1924 akanga adzokera mubasa renguva yakazara. Panguva yokunyora kuno, achiri pandaza youpiona, kunyange zvazvo ava namakore 104 ezera! Hanzvadzi zhinji dziri vafundisi idzo muma 1940 dzakarovedzwa mumakirasi apakuvamba eWatchtower Bible School of Gilead dzichiri kubatira nokutendeka, mungave mumunda woufundisi kana kuti semitezo yemhuri yeBheteri muBrooklyn kana kuti rimwe ramapazu eWatch Tower Society. Vakadzi vose ivava vechiKristu, uye zvamazvirokwazvo hanzvadzi dzose dzinozvishandisa dzimene mubasa reBheteri, vanoratidza mudzimu wokuzvibaira uye mienzaniso yakaisvonaka. Tinombovaita kuti vazive kuti vanoongwa here?
Vadzimai Vavatariri Vanofambira
15, 16. Ibokai ravakadzi vechiKristu rinofanirwa zvikuru nerumbidzo yedu youshamwari, uye nei?
15 Vadzimai vavatariri vanofambira vanoumba rimwe boka ravakadzi vechiKristu iro rinofanirwa nerumbidzo youshamwari nekurudziro. Idzi hanzvadzi dzinodiwa dzakagadzirira kutevera varume vadzo sezvo ivava vanoenda paungano neungano, kana kuti dunhu nedunhu, kuti vagovaka hama dzavo mumudzimu. Voruzhinji vavo vakarega zvinofadza zvomusha; vanorara pamubhedha wakasiana vhiki riri rose, uye usiri mubhedha wakanaka nguva dziri dzose. Asi vanofara kugamuchira chipi nechipi icho hama dzinogona kugovera. Ivo muenzaniso wakaisvonaka nokuda kwehanzvadzi dzavo dzomudzimu.
16 Ava vakadzi vechiKristu vanogoverawo tsigiro inokosha nokuda kwavarume vavo, kufanana zvikuru navakadzi voumwari avo vakatevera Jesu “kuzomuperekedza nokumushumira.” (Marko 15:41, NW) Havakwanisi kupedza nguva yakawanda vari voga navarume vavo, avo nguva dzose ‘vane zvakawanda zvokuita mubasa raShe.’ (1 VaKorinte 15:58) Vamwe vavo, kufanana naRosa Szumiga ari muFrance, uyo akapinda mubasa renguva yakazara muna 1948, vave vachirongedza masutukesi nokuda kwavarume vavo nokufamba navo kwamakore 30 kana kuti 40. Vanodisa kurega zvimwe zvinhu nokuda kwaJehovha uye nokuda kwehama nehanzvadzi dzavo. Vanofanirwa nokuonga kwedu, rudo, uye minyengetero.
Vadzimai Vavakuru
17, 18. (a) Mavarai anodikanwa kuvadzimai vehama dzakagadzwa kubatira kunzvimbo dzebasa? (b) Zvinhui izvo vadzimai vavakuru vanobvuma kurega nokuda kwaJehovha nehama dzavo, uye vamwe vadzimai vanogona sei kubetsera varume vavo?
17 Achidudza zvikwaniriso zvehama idzo dzingagadzwa savakuru navabatiri vanoshumira, muapostora Pauro akadudzawo vakadzi, achinyora, kuti: “Saizvozvo navakadzi ngavave vanokudzwa, vasingacheri vamwe, vakasvinuka, vakatendeka pazvose.” (1 Timotio 3:11) Chokwadi, iri zano ravose rinoshanda kuvakadzi vose vechiKristu. Asi mukurangarira mashoko akapoteredza, sezviri pachena rinofanira kuteverwa nenzira yomuenzaniso navadzimai vehama dzakagadzwa kunzvimbo dzebasa.
18 Nenzira inofadza, izvi ndizvo zvakaita zviuru zvakawanda zvavadzimai vavatariri vechiKristu. Vane mwero mutsika dzavo nomumupfekero wavo, vanokoshesa kurarama kwechiKristu, vanongwarira pamusoro pechavanotaura, uye vanotamburira zvapachokwadi kuva vakatendeka muzvinhu zvose. Vanobvumawo kurega zvimwe zvinhu, vachibvuma kuti varume vavo vape kuzvinhu zveungano nguva iyo neimwe nzira ingapedzwa vainavo. Ava vakadzi vakatendeka vechiKristu vanofanirwa norudo rwedu rwoushamwari nekurudziro. Zvichida hama dzakawanda dzingagona kusvasvavirira maropafadzo mukati meungano dzedu zhinji kana vadzimai vadzo vakabvuma nokuzvininipisa kurega zvimwe zvinhu zvakadaro nokuda kwegarikano yavose.
“Vakadzi Vakuru” Vakatendeka
19. Neiko “vakadzi vakuru” vazhinji vakatendeka vachiongwa zvikuru muungano dzavo, uye chii chinofanira kuva kunzwa kwedu kwavari?
19 Hwirudzuro yedu yavakadzi vanodudzwa muBhaibheri yatigonesa kuona kuti zera haridzivisi vakadzi vokutenda kubatira Jehovha. Iri idi rakaenzanisirwa muzvinoitika zvaSara, Erisabhete, uye Ana. Nhasi, kune vakadzi vazhinji vechiKristu vakwegura avo vari mienzaniso yakaisvonaka yokutenda netsungiriro. Mukuwedzera, vanogona kutsigira nenzira yokuchenjera vakuru kupfurikidza nokubetsera hanzvadzi duku. Vachishandisa ruzivo rwavo rwokuzviwanira rwenguva refu, vanogona kupa zano rokuchenjera kuvakadzi vaduku, kunyange sezvo Magwaro anovapa chiremera chokudaro. (Tito 2:3-5) Kungava kuti padzimwe nguva hanzvadzi yakura inoda kupiwa zano iyo imene. Kana zvakadaro, mukuru anoita saizvozvo anofanira ‘kumuraira samai.’ Vakuru vanofanira “kukudza chirikadzi” uye, kana pane dikanwo, vanovarongera betsero yokunyama. (1 Timotio 5:1-3, 5, 9, 10) Hanzvadzi dzedu dzinodiwa dzakura dzinofanira zvamazvirokwazvo kunzwa dzichidiwa uye dzichiongwa.
Vatongi naKristu
20. Iropafadzoi huru yakagoverwa kuvakadzi vazhinji vechiKristu, uye neiko mamwe makwai achigona kuva anofara pamusoro paiyoyi?
20 Kuri pachena zvikuru muMagwaro kuti “hakuna rusaruro kuna Mwari” pamusoro pedzinza kana kuti kuva munhurume kana kuti munhukadzi. (VaRoma 2:10, 11, NW; VaGaratia 3:28) Uye ikoku ndokwechokwadiwo munzira iyo Jehovha anosarudza nayo avo vachabatanidzwa noMwanakomana wake muhurumende yoUmambo. (Johane 6:44) Boka guru ramamwe makwai rinogona kuva rinoonga sei kuti vakadzi vakatendeka, vakadai samai vaJesu Maria, Maria Magdharene, Prisira, Trifaina, Trifosa, uye vamwe vakawanda muungano yechiKristu yapakuvamba, zvino vanogoverana mukutonga kwoUmambo, vachipfumisa hurumende iyoyo nenzwisiso yavo huru yemirangariro nezvinoitika zvavakadzi! Kudeya kuona kwakadini kworudo nouchenjeri zvaJehovha!—VaRoma 11:33-36.
21. Ndokupi kuri kunzwa kwedu nhasi ku“vakadzi vanoshanda zvakaoma munaShe”?
21 Isu nhasi tinogona kugoverana kunzwa kwomuapostora Pauro paakataura norudo nokuonga nezva“ava vakadzi vakatambura pamwe chete neni mumashoko akanaka.” (VaFiripi 4:3, NW) Vose veZvapupu zvaJehovha, varume navakadzi, vanokurangarira kuva mufaro neropafadzo kushanda pamwe chete ne‘hondo huru yavakadzi vanotaura mashoko akanaka,’ hungu, “vakadzi vanoshanda zvakaoma munaShe.”—Pisarema 68:11; VaRoma 16:12, NW.
Mibvunzo Yehwirudzuro
◻ Jesu akaratidza sei kuti aisagoverana mifungo isina kururama yavatungamiriri vorudzidziso vechiJudha pamusoro pavakadzi?
◻ Vakadzi vanotya Mwari vakashumira sei Jesu, uye iropafadzoi huru iyo vamwe vavo vakagamuchira?
◻ Izanoi iro Pauro akapa pamusoro pavakadzi mumisangano yeungano?
◻ Mapokai ehanzvadzi anofanirwa nechidakadaka chedu chaicho netsigiro, uye nei?
◻ Tinofanira kunzwa sei kuavo vose nhasi vari “vakadzi vanoshanda zvakaoma munaShe”?
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 16, 17]
Vakadzi vakashumira Jesu navaapostora vake
[Mifananidzo iri papeji 18]
Vadzimai vanozvibaira vavatariri vanofambira navavamwe vakuru vanoita mupiro unokosha kubasa raMwari