Ukubuka Okwezwe
Izibulala-zingane
Izifo ezintathu zibulala cishe izingane ezimbili kwezintathu kweziyizigidi ezingu-13 ezifayo unyaka ngamunye emazweni asathuthuka, kuphawula iphephandaba lase-Afrika i-Lesotho Today. Lezizifo i-pneumonia, isifo sohudo, nesimungumungwane. Lombiko unezela ukuthi izifo ezinjalo zingelashwa noma zivinjelwe ngezindlela ezitholakalayo futhi ezingabizi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-pneumonia, isibulala-zingane esikhulu kakhulu, ibulala izingane eziyizigidi ezingu-3,5 ngonyaka. Ezimweni eziningi inkinga ihilela amagciwane futhi ingase ilawulwe ngochungechunge lwezibulala-magciwane oluthatha izinsuku ezinhlanu futhi olubiza amasenti angu-75. Isifo sohudo sibulala izingane eziyizigidi ezintathu ngonyaka. Cishe ingxenye yalokho kufa yayingase ivinjelwe ukuba abazali babesebenzise umuthi ophuzwayo ongabizi obuyisela uketshezi emzimbeni. Isimungumungwane sibulala izingane ezingu-800 000 ngonyaka. Lombiko ubonisa ukuthi lokhu kungavinjelwa ngokugoma. Umjovo wokugomela isimungumungwane ubiza amaRandi angaphansi kuka-1,5 ingane ngayinye.
Ukufa Ngesibhamu
Kubo bonke abasha abane abafayo baseMelika, oyedwa ufa ngesibhamu. Njengoba kwabikwa kuyi-International Herald Tribune, ngokusho kwe-National Center for Health Statistics, izibhamu zibulala intsha eningi eneminyaka esukela kwengu-15 kuya kwengu-24 ukwedlula zonke izimbangela ezingokwemvelo sezizonke. Yizingozi zezimoto kuphela ezibulala abantu abengeziwe kuleloqembu leminyaka. Phakathi no-1990, okuwunyaka wamuva kakhulu onezibalo eziphelele, inani lentsha eyadutshulwa yafa ibulawa, izibulala, noma idutshulwa ngengozi lalicishe libe ngu-4 200. Ngo-1985 lelinani lalicishe libe ngu-2 500.
Ingabe Umhlaba Ungasindiswa?
Ayikho into eyosindisa izimiso zobuhlobo phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo nendawo yazo ezungezile ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezinkulu ezinqubweni zohulumeni nesimo sengqondo sabantu, ngokombiko we-Worldwatch Institute. Lombiko uxwayisa ngokuthi uma ziqhubeka izinkinga ezinjengokwanda kwenani labantu, ukukhishwa kwe-carbon okwandayo, ukuncipha kongqimba lwe-ozone, ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi, nokuguguleka kwenhlabathi engaphezulu, kuyoba nabantu abaningi ngokweqile kuleplanethi nezinto ezingenele zokubagcina bephila. Ubonisa futhi ukuthi izinhlelo zokwenza izinto ziphinde zisetshenziswe nokulondoloza imvelo ziyayidambisa lenkinga kodwa izinyathelo ezinjalo azanele. Ukuze kutholakale ikhambi eliphawulekayo, kudingeka izinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu kuhulumeni, izimboni, nasemphakathini.
Ukulwa Nekholera
Uviniga wewayini elibomvu ungakunqanda ukusakazeka kwekholera, ngokukamagazini waseBrazil i-Manchete. Ukuhlola okwenziwa yi-Food Institute of the Secretary of Agriculture and Supplies yaseSão Paulo kwembula ukuthi uviniga wewayini elibomvu uphumelela ngokuphindwe izikhathi eziyikhulu kune-bleach ekubulaleni igciwane lalesisifo emifinweni. Lomagazini ubika ukuthi uviniga wanciphisa amagciwane ekholera kulethisi ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-10 000 kuyilapho amanzi ane-chlorine enza kanjalo ngokuphindwe kayikhulu kuphela. Kutuswa ukuba lengxube yenziwe ngokuxuba izinkezo ezinhlanu zikaviniga kulelo nalelolitha lamanzi.
Omama Abacindezelekile
Isiphi isigaba somphakathi eJalimane esihlushwa kakhulu ukucindezeleka? Ngokokuhlola okwenziwa yi-Medical Sociological Department of the University of Medicine eHanover, “omama ngokuvamile babhekana nobunzima nokucindezeleka okukhulu kwengqondo nokomzimba kunanoma isiphi esinye isigaba somphakathi.” I-Nassauische Neue Presse, eyabika ngalokhu kuhlola, yaphawula ukuthi “omama abaningi ngokuphindwe kabili baya kudokotela behlushwa imizwa yokucindezeleka, izinhlungu zesisu, ukukhathazeka, nokuphazamiseka lapho belele kunamalungu amanye amaqembu omphakathi.” Lapho befuna iseluleko sezokwelapha, omama abaningi bathola izibulala-zinhlungu, izidambisa-zinhlungu, nezinye izidakamizwa. Kwezinye izimo lokhu kuholela ekuluthekeni.
Ubudlova Bentsha—Kungani?
“Amacala amaphoyisa aseCanada awabeka intsha (eneminyaka engu-12 kuya ku-17) ngenxa yokuhlasela ngobudlova aye aphindeka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili eminyakeni emihlanu edlule,” kusho i-Toronto Star. Izenzo zobudlova zenziwa ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ukuhlangana nje kwamehlo kungabangela ukuba isibukeli esingenacala sihlaselwe ngobudlova. Lesi-Star sinezela ukuthi kubonakala kuyindaba “yokuthanda nje ukwenza ubudlova.” Iyini imbangela? Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi izenzo zentsha zobudlova zihlobene nezigcawu ezinobudlova ezivezwa kumabhayisikobho nakuthelevishini. “Indima ye-TV iwukubulala unembeza wentsha yethu nokuyenza ivumelane nezenzo zobudlova, nokukhazimulisa ubudlova njengendlela efanelekayo yokuxazulula izinkinga,” kusho i-Star. Mhlawumbe manje abazali abaningi bayofuna ukulawula lokho okubukelwa izingane zabo kuthelevishini.
“Idolobha Elivelele Ngokubulala Emhlabeni Wonke”
“IGoli ngempela selifinyelele ezingeni elisolisayo lokuba idolobha elivelele ngokubulala emhlabeni wonke,” kusho i-Star, iphephandaba laseNingizimu Afrika. “Ngokwezibalo zamaphoyisa, eGoli naseSoweto zihlangene kwabulawa abantu abangu-3 402 ngo-1992—abangu-9,3 ababulawa ngosuku, noma oyedwa njalo emahoreni amabili nengxenye.” Lokhu kwayenza yaba sendaweni yesibili iRio de Janeiro, okwakuyilona ‘dolobha elalivelele ngokubulala.’ IRio yayinesilinganiso sabantu abangu-8 722 ababebulawa unyaka ngamunye eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Nokho, umphakathi waseRio ungaphezu kwezigidi eziyishumi, kuyilapho kuthiwa umphakathi ohlanganisiwe waseGoli naseSoweto uyizigidi ezingu-2,2. IParis, enenani labantu elicishe lilingane nelaseGoli, yayinesilinganiso sokubulawa kwabantu abangu-153 ngonyaka. Amathuba okubulawa anikezwa ngalendlela: oyedwa kwabangu-647 eGoli; oyedwa kwabangu-1 158 eRio de Janeiro; oyedwa kwabangu-3 196 eLos Angeles; oyedwa kwabangu-4 303 eNew York; oyedwa kwabangu-6 272 eMiami; oyedwa kwabangu-10 120 eMoscow; noyedwa kwabangu-14 065 eParis.
Inkinga Emasontweni
“Inkinga yokuxhashazwa ngokobulili esontweni ngeke iphele,” kubika i-Toronto Star. Amahlazo aphathelene nobulili phakathi kwabaholi bamasonto asakazekile. Awagcini kubavangeli bethelevishini naseSontweni lamaKatolika. Ukuxhashazwa ‘kuyenzeka futhi naseMpini Yosindiso, e-United Church, eSontweni laseHabe,’ kuphawula isikhulu seMpi Yosindiso. UMbhishobhi Omkhulu WaseSheshi uMichael Peers wathi ukuxhashazwa okunjalo kuyinkinga “ejulile negcinwa iyimfihlo” esontweni. Ngokwe-Star, uMbhishobhi Omkhulu uPeers wavuma ukuthi esikhathini esidlule ukusabela kwalelisonto emacaleni okuxhashazwa ngokobulili “bekuwukuphika nokululaza ububi bawo.” Kubikwa ukuthi uTimothy Bently we-Toronto Centre for the Family wathi uma “amasonto engabhekani obala nangokwethembeka nalokho ngokuyinhloko okuyinhlekelele engokomoya liyoshabalala igunya lawo lokushumayela ngezindinganiso zokuziphatha ngokobulili.”
Ukukhulekela Igundane?
Usuku ngalunye abakhulekeli abacishe babe ngu-1 000 nezivakashi ezingaba ngu-70 bavakashela ithempeli iKarni Mata eDeshnoke, eNdiya. Ngani? Kulelothempeli amagundane angaba ngu-300 azula ngenkululeko njengoba abakhulekeli benzela izithombe iminikelo yabo. Lamagundane “ayahlonishwa futhi zonke izidingo zawo zinakekelwa yilabakhulekeli ababonisa uthando ngokweqile,” kusho i-Evening Post yaseNew Zealand. Abapristi balelithempeli nalamagundane badlela esitsheni esisodwa futhi baphuza amanzi awodwa. Omunye wabapristi uveza ukuthi “lawa akuwona amagundane, lezi izithunywa zikaNkulunkulu, isipho esisinikezwe unkulunkulukazi.” Ngokwe-Post, lompristi wathi lapho abapristi basethempelini befa, bathola insindiso ngokuphinde bazalwe bengamagundane. Wanezela ukuthi lapho lamagundane efa, aphinde azalwe engabapristi.
Ukunganethezeki Emoyeni
I-New York Times ithi ukuhamba ngendiza sekuye “kwaba umthombo okhulayo wobuhlungu, ukunganethezeki ngisho nokugula kubagibeli nabashayeli eminyakeni yamuva.” Ngemva kokuhamba amahora amaningana besezihlalweni eziminyene, abagibeli baye babika ukuba namahlule emaphashini, ubuhlungu bomhlane, umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zekhanda, isicanucanu, ne-pneumonia. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungenye inkinga. “Njengoba izinga lomswakama livame ukuba amaphesenti ayishumi, umoya osezindizeni womile kunowaseSahara,” kusho i-Times. Izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni zihlanganisa ukushuba kwegazi, ukukhathala okungafanele, nobuhlungu bamehlo. Futhi, ukoma kwemigudu yomoya engenhla kubenza bangenwe izifo kalula. Leliphephandaba litusa ukuphuza amamililitha angu-250 amanzi ihora ngalinye lapho uhamba ngendiza ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
Ukuthukuthelelwa Kobuhlobo Bobulili Phakathi Kwezihlobo E-Ireland
I-Rape Crisis Center yaseDublin ithi inani lamacala abikwayo okuxhashazwa kwezingane ngokobulili e-Ireland liye landa lisuka ku-408 ngo-1984 laya ku-2 000 ngo-1992. Icala lonya lobulili phakathi kwezihlobo lapho liye lathukuthelisa isizwe sonke. Eluthwe utshwala obunamandla okuthiwa yi-poteen, ubaba othile wadlwengula futhi wahlukumeza indodakazi yakhe ngokuphindaphindiwe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-16 futhi wayitholisa ingane. Wayivala iso elilodwa ngokuyishaya ngenduku. Njengoba kuvamile ezimweni ezinjalo, umama wesisulu wayazi ngalobuhlobo bobulili kodwa waqamba amanga emaphoyiseni ukuze avikele umyeni wakhe; nomakhelwane babazi ngosizi lwalentombazane kodwa abazange benze lutho. Nakuba lendoda yawavuma amacala okudlwengula, ukuba nobuhlobo bobulili nesihlobo, nokuhlukumeza, umahluleli wabheka lelicala njengobuhlobo bobulili phakathi kwezihlobo kuphela. Lobaba wagwetshwa iminyaka eyisikhombisa ejele, okuyisigwebo esikhulu esitholwa obé nobuhlobo bobulili nesihlobo, futhi angase akhululwe ngemva kwemine. Ethukutheliswe yilendaba, amaKatolika amaningi ase-Ireland anxusa isonto lawo ukuba likhiphe isinqumo esicacile ngokumelene nokuba nobuhlobo bobulili nesihlobo.