Ukuvakashela Isibhanana

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! ENINGIZIMU AFRIKA

BENGILOKHU ngikuthanda ukudla ubhanana. Ngicabanga ukuthi nabaningi bayawuthanda. Akukhona nje ukuthi ubhanana umnandi kodwa futhi unothile ngamavithamini, amaminerali nomhhadlahhadliso (fiber). Ungathanda yini ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalesi sithelo esinomsoco? Muva nje umlimi othile nowakwakhe bangibonise indlela emangalisayo izitshalo zikabhanana ezizivuselela ngayo.

UTony noMarie (ababoniswe ngenhla) banepulazi eSifundazweni SaseLimpopo eNingizimu Afrika, endaweni okuthiwa kuseLevubu. Batshale izilimo ezinhlobonhlobo epulazini labo elingamahektare angu-55. Nokho, isivuno sabo esisemqoka, ubhanana. UTony angakujabulela ukusitshela okwengeziwe ngalesi sithelo esithandwa kangaka.

Isimo Sezulu Okhula Kuso

“Inhlabathi engcono kakhulu,” kuchaza uTony, “kumelwe ibe nobumba oluningi ngokwanele—kungabi enesihlabathi esiningi noma amatshe. Kumelwe futhi kube inhlabathi ejulile futhi ingabi ixhaphozi. Ubhanana uchuma ezindaweni ezingenawo ungqoqwane. Empeleni, uthanda izindawo ezinezinga lokushisa eliphakeme. Ngokwesilinganiso, amazinga okushisa eLevubu asukela ku-12 °C. kuya ku-35 °C.” Lapho ngimbuza ngemvula, uTony uthi: “Ubhanana udinga imvula ena njalo ngezikhathi ezithile noma ukuba uniselwe masonto onke.”

Isitshalo sikabhanana singase sibonakale sifana nomuthi, kodwa isiqu saso asilona ukhuni, senziwe yiziqu zamaqabunga ezigqishelene. Empeleni isitshalo sikabhanana asiwona umuthi kodwa singumfino omkhulu. Isiqu sawo ngempela singaphansi kwenhlabathi futhi sinjengempande evundlile. Kunezimpande ezimila kule mpande enkulu evundlile zehlele phansi, kanti kuyo kumila namaqabunga kanye nembali enkulu ensomi. Kumila namahlumela kuyo le mpande abe izitshalo ezintsha.

Izitshalo zikabhanana zinezigaba zokukhula ezintathu eziyisisekelo, abalimi bendawo ababhekisela kuzo ngokuthi “ugogo, indodakazi nomzukulu.” (Bheka isithombe.) “Ugogo” uthela izithelo nonyaka, “indodakazi” ithele ngonyaka ozayo,” bese kuthi “umzukulu” athele ngonyaka wesithathu. “Abazukulu” bavela bebaningi eceleni ‘kukanina.’ Lapho lezi “zingane” sezifika edolweni, ziyathenwa zonke kusale kuphela ihlumela elibonakala lizothela.

Imbali enkulu ensomi, egcina isiyisihleke sikabhanana, ikhula ibheke phezulu isuka empandeni evundlile engaphansi kwenhlabathi maphakathi nesitshalo. Igcina ivele phakathi kwamaqabunga amabili aphezulu bese ilengela phansi. Lapho amacembe ayo ewohloka, kuvela izixha ezikhulayo ezingaba yishumi kuya kwezingu-15 ezenza isihleke—kumuntu ongazi okungase kubonakale sengathi zikhula zibheke phansi! Isixha ngasinye singaba nobhanana abangu-20 noma ngaphezulu abakhulayo.

Isikhathi Sokuvuna

Kungase kuthathe isikhathi esingaba izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha kusukela kwavela imbali ensomi kuze kube sesikhathini sokuvuna, kuxhomeke ekutheni ivele ngayiphi inkathi yonyaka. Izithelo zivunwa ziluhlaza, kodwa ngemva kokuba ubhanana usukhule waba yizindilinga. Isisindo esivamile sesihleke esithengiswayo singaba amakhilogremu angu-35. Ngesikhathi sokuvuna isihleke simbozwa ngepulasitiki ukuvimbela imihuzuko engase ibe khona lapho uthuthwa ngenqola uyiswa endaweni opakishelwa kuyo. Kule ndawo izixha zinqunywa zibe ubhanana ombalwa, mhlawumbe ube mthathu noma ube yisithupha bese ufakwa umuthi wokuvimbela isikhunta ukuze ungaboli.

ENingizimu Afrika izithelo zibe sezifakwa emabhokisini agcotshwe ngenomfi, anezikhala zokungenisa umoya bese ziyiswa ekamelweni ezivuthwela kulo. Lapho, igesi, i-ethylene, ikhuthaza inqubo yokuvuthwa kwazo.a La mabhokisi agcinwa lapha ezingeni lokushisa elilawulwayo usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili bese ethuthwa eyiswa ezimakethe.

“Mhlawumbe nginobandlululo,” kusho uTony, ethi ukucifa iso, “kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi ubhanana waseLevubu unambitheka ngendlela ehlukile impela ngenxa yenhlabathi yethu. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi sikude kakhulu namadolobha amaningi athumela izinto kwamanye amazwe, ubhanana wethu udliwa lapha kuphela.”

Ubhanana Unempilo

Ubhanana unothe nge-potassium. “Ukuhlola okuningi kubonisa ukuthi lesi sakhi somzimba singasiza ekuqiniseni amathambo futhi sinciphise ithuba lokuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo sohlangothi,” kusho umagazini i-Health esihlokweni esikhuluma ngobhanana. Lo magazini uyanezela: “Ubhanana unesakhi okuthiwa i-folate esilwa nezici zokukhubazeka okungenzeka umuntu azalwe nazo, unovithamini B obaluleke kakhulu kunoma ubani okhulelwe noma oseminyakeni yokuzala.” Ubhanana uqukethe namanye amaminerali abalulekile, njenge-magnesium, esiza amathambo ukuba amunce i-calcium kanjalo ahlale eqinile.

Iprotheni ekubhanana iqukethe ama-amino acid angu-18, kuhlanganise nawo wonke adingekile umzimba wakho ongeke uwakhe ngezinga elanele noma obungeke nhlobo uwakhe. Lesi sithelo sinamaphesenti angu-22 ama-carbohydrate, anikeza umzimba amandla ngokushesha ngoba ubhanana ugayeka kalula. Emagange uMarie unezela athi: “Ubhanana uwumthombo omuhle wamavithamini A, B, no-C. Kanti futhi, uyawuthiba umphangazane, ngoba akuvamile ukuba umuntu adle omningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.” Ngakho, uzame—uzokunonophalisa kunjalo nje futhi umnandi!

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Umdwebo/Isithombe ekhasini 26]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

Iqabunga

Imbali/ubhanana

Isikhwama seqabunga

Ingaphezulu lenhlabathi

Impande evundlile

Impande

[Umthombo]

Sketch: Based on drawing from The Complete Encyclopedia of Illustration/J. G. Heck

[Umdwebo/Isithombe ekhasini 27]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

Ugogo

Indodakazi

Umzukulu

[Izithombe ekhasini 27]

Ekugcineni imbali enkulu ensomi iba isihleke sikabhanana

[Umthombo]

Photo by Kazuo Yamasaki

[Izithombe ekhasini 28]

Isikhathi sokuvuna (ngakwesobunxele); isitshalo esisakhula (ngenhla)