Izaga Zama-Akan—Isibuko Sendlela Yawo Yokuphila

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EGHANA

SIYINI isaga? Isichazamazwi esithile sichaza isaga ngokuthi “umusho omfushane abantu abavame ukuwucaphuna, onikeza iseluleko noma okutshela okuthile ngokuphila.” IsiYoruba saseNigeria sichaza isaga ngendlela ethakazelisa kakhulu, sisibiza ngokuthi “ihhashi elingathwala umuntu ngokushesha limyise lapho eyothola khona imibono ephusile.”

Ukubaluleka kwezaga, noma amazwi ayizisho, kufingqwa ngala mazwi aziwa kakhulu ngabantu baseGhana abangama-Akan: “Awukhulumi uqondise uma ukhuluma nomuntu ohlakaniphile, ukhuluma naye ngezaga.” Iphuzu liwukuthi akudingekile ukuba ukhulume indeyinde nomuntu ohlakaniphile andukuba aqiniseke ukuthi into ethile ilungile yini. Isaga esifanelekayo sishukumisa umqondo, sidlulisele ulwazi, futhi singashukumisela umuntu ukuba enze okulungile.

EGhana, izaga zisetshenziswa kakhulu ngezikhathi zokuganiselana nasemingcwabeni futhi zivela kaningi nasemculweni womdabu. Azishiywa nasezingxoxweni zezombusazwe. Ngokuvamile isikhulumi noma isithunywa sisebenzisa izaga ngobuhlakani.

Emphakathini wama-Akan, ukuba yigagu ekusebenziseni izaga kuwuphawu lokuhlakanipha. Ngokuthakazelisayo, eBhayibhelini, iNkosi uSolomoni—indoda eyayidume ngobuhlakani bayo, imfundo, nezombusazwe—kuthiwa yayazi izaga ezingu-3 000. Yiqiniso, izaga zeBhayibheli zaziphefumulelwe ngokwaphezulu futhi zihlale ziyiqiniso njalo, ngokungafani nezaga ezisekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu nasekuqondeni kwabo. Izaga zabantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinobuhlakani obungakanani, akufanele zilinganiswe neBhayibheli. Kodwa-ke ake sihlaziye izaga ezithile zesi-Akan.

Umbono NgoNkulunkulu

EGhana, izaga eziningi ziyakuvuma ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona. Imibono yokuthi uNkulunkulu akekho ayikho endleleni yokucabanga kwama-Akan. Ngokwesibonelo, esinye isaga sithi: “Ingane ayiboniswa uNkulunkulu.” Ukuba khona kukaNkulunkulu kusobala kakhulu ngisho nasenganeni. Lesi saga ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ngokuqondene nokuthile ingane ezozifundela kona ingafundiswanga muntu.

Esinye isaga sama-Akan sithi: “Noma ungazama ukubalekela uNkulunkulu kodwa usengaphansi kwakhe.” Ngakho kuwukuzikhohlisa nganoma ubani ukuzama ukumshaya indiva uNkulunkulu. Endulo, iBhayibheli laveza iphuzu elifanayo, lithi amehlo kaNkulunkulu “akuyo yonke indawo, aqapha ababi nabahle.” (IzAga 15:3) Sonke siyolandisa kuMninimandla onke.

Izaga Ezibonisa Indlela Yokuphila Nezimiso Zabantu

Njengoba kunjalo ngezaga zezinye izizwe, izaga zama-Akan ziyinqolobane yezimiso nendlela yawo yokuphila. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi izwi elikhulunyiwe linamandla kangakanani kuqokonyiswa yilesi sisho: “Ukushelela kolimi kubi kunokushelela konyawo.” Ngempela ulimi olungalawulwa lungadala umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi lungaholela ngisho nasekufeni imbala.—IzAga 18:21.

Nokho, lapho lulawulwa, ulimi lungaba umlamuli wangempela, njengoba kufakazelwa isaga esidala esithi, “Ngokuba khona kolimi, amazinyo awashayisani.” Iphuzu lapha liwukuthi abantu abalwayo—mhlawumbe, indoda nomkayo—bangalungisa izindaba ngokuthula ngokuthi bakhulumisane ngomoya ophansi. Ngisho nalapho ukukhulumisana kungaphumeleli, ukulusebenzisa ngobuciko ulimi ekulamuleni kungayinqanda ingxabano.

Ukuhlakanipha Okusebenzayo

Ukubaluleka kokuqonda nokubonelela kuboniswa ngokucacile ezageni eziningana ezigcizelela ukuhlakanipha okusebenzayo. Umuntu onamawala, ongukhanda limtshel’ okwakhe, ohlulekayo ukucabangela imiphumela yezenzo zakhe angathola iseluleko kulesi saga, “Wobheka indlela ozobaleka ngayo kuqala andukuba uhlokoloze uphempethwane.”

Umzali oqaphela umkhuba othile omubi enganeni uyokwenza kahle ngokulalela lesi sisho, “Uma ubona ukuthi umthente ungakugwaza esweni, uyawusiphula, awuwuloli.” Yebo noma yimuphi umkhuba omubi kufanele usishulwe—noma unqampunwe—ngaphambi kokuba ukhule ube yinkinga yangempela.

Ukubhekisela Emasikweni Nasezinkambisweni

Ngesinye isikhathi kubalulekile ukuba uqonde indlela yokuphila yesizwe ukuze uqonde izaga zaso. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi kwama-Akan, kubhekwa njengokungahloniphi ukulinganisa ngesandla sobunxele phambi kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi abantu abadala. Le ndlela yokuhlonipha kubhekiselwa kuyo esageni esithi, “Awusisebenzisi isinxele ukuba ukhombe indlela eya kini.” Ngamanye amazwi, umuntu kufanele akwazise lokho anakho, kuhlanganise nendabuko yakhe.

Isaga esibhekisela emikhubeni yokudla eyamukelekayo ekhaya elivamile lama-Akan sithi: “Ingane efunda ukuhlamba izandla idla nabadala.” Ngezikhathi zokudla, amalungu omkhaya ahlukaniswa ngamaqoqo kuye ngokobudala bawo. Nokho, ingane eziphatha kahle, ikakhulukazi endabeni yenhlanzeko yomuntu siqu nangenhlonipho, ingase iphakanyiswe idle noyise nabanye abantu abadala etafuleni. Lesi saga sigcizelela iphuzu lokuthi ubudoda abukhulelwa.

Ingabe ucabangela ukushada? Khona-ke cabangela lesi saga sama-Akan, “Umshado awubona utshwala bamasundu bona obunambithwayo.” Abadayisa utshwala bamasundu, isiphuzo esibilile esenziwe ngamanzi amasundu, ngokuvamile bayabavumela abafuna ukuthenga ukuba babunambithe ngaphambi kokuba banqume ukuthi bafuna ukuthenga obungakanani noma ukuthi bayafuna yini ukubuthenga. Nokho-ke, ayikho indaba yokunambitha emshadweni. Lesi saga siqokomisa ubuphakade besibopho somshado nokungamukeleki kwemishado yokuhlolana.

Ukubheka Izinto Ngeso Elibukhali

Indathane yezaga ifakazela ukuthi okhokho bama-Akan babebheka abantu nezilwane ngeso elibukhali. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqaphelisisa isikhukhukazi namachwane aso, kwenza ukuba kube khona isaga esithi, “Ichwane elima ngakunina lithola ithanga lentethe.” Sisho ukuthini? Uma umuntu ezihlukanisa kulula ukumlibala lapho kwabiwa izinto.

Noma ubani obhekisisa ixoxo elifile akunakwenzeka angaliqondi iqiniso lalesi saga esithi, “Ubude bexoxo bubonakala lapho selifile.” Ngokuvamile lesi saga sicashunwa lapho umuntu engayinikezwa inhlonipho emfanele. Esimweni esinjengalesi, lo muntu ongahlonishwa ududuzeka ngokwazi ukuthi ukungabikho kwakhe kungase kunikeze abantu ithuba lokuzibona ngokugcwele izimfanelo zakhe ezinhle.

Izaga Ezifushanisiwe

Nakuba izaga eziningi zama-Akan ziye zadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ngomlomo, eziningi zazo ziye zalondolozwa ngemidwebo ephawulekayo. Imidwebo enjalo ungayibona kweqoshwe okhunini, ezintongeni, ezilinganisweni zegolide, ezindwangwini zemvunulo yomdabu kanye nasemifanekisweni edwetshwe ezindwangwini zesimanje. Abantu abavakashela umtapo wemidwebo yaseGhana bangase babone umfanekiso womuntu okhwela emthini kuyilapho omunye emsiza. Lokho kungumfanekiso wesaga esithi, “Uma ukhwela emthini okahle, ungase ube nokusizayo.” Umyalezo oqukethwe yileso saga usobala—uma uphishekela imigomo emihle, ungase uxhaswe.

Imingcwabo inikeza ikakhulukazi ithuba lalokho umlobi othile akubiza ngokuthi “inkulumo esezindwangwini engadingi mpendulo.” Ngempela, isimo sokudabuka ngomngcwabo senza umuntu azindle ngokuphila. Ngenxa yalokho imifanekiso esezindwangwini zemingcwabo inemiyalezo enezincazelo zobuhlakani obunzulu. Ngokwesibonelo, indwangu ebonisa isikhwelo noma izitebhisi ikukhumbuza isaga esithi, “Umuntu akasikhweli yedwa isikhwelo sokufa.”a Lokhu kwenza bonke abantu ukuba bangaziphakamisi futhi bangaphili njengokungathi bagonyiwe ekufeni.—UmShumayeli 7:2.

Emphakathini wama-Akan, izithunywa noma abakhulumeli bamakhosi ohlanga bazisebenzisa ngobuciko izaga, futhi baphatha izintonga zezikhundla zabo ezinemidwebo efundisa abantu isimiso esithile esiyigugu. Ngokwesibonelo, umdwebo wenyoni exhakathise ikhanda lenyoka ‘uyisifushaniso’ sesaga esithi, “Uma ungase uyibambe ngekhanda inyoka, umzimba wayo uyindophi nje.” Sinamuphi umyalezo? Bhekana ngqo nezinkinga—ungazibalekeli.

Ukusebenzisa Izaga Ngobuciko

Njenganoma imuphi umfanekiso, ukuthi isaga kufanele usisebenzise nini noma kanjani kuxhomeke endabeni nasezilalelini. Ubuhle bendaba bungase boniwe ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezaga. Kanti njengoba kwezinye izizwe ukusetshenziswa kwezaga kuyisici esibalulekile sobugagu bokukhuluma, noma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kabi kwazo kungenza abantu basibheke ngenye indlela isikhulumi.

EGhana, amalungu amadala omphakathi abhekwa njengabaqambi nabavikeli bezaga. Ngakho, izaga eziningi ziqalwa kanje, “Abadala bethu bathi . . . ” Futhi esimweni lapho isikhulumi sikhuluma nezilaleli ezindala kunaso, kuwukuhlonipha ukuqala isaga ngenkulumo ethi, “Yinina badala enithi . . . ” Sihlonipha, isikhulumi esisesincane asifuni kubonakale sengathi sifundisa abantu abadala kunaso amazwi okuhlakanipha amumethwe yisaga esithile.

Izinto Ezithile Eziphawulekayo

Izaga zingase zishiwo ekuqaleni kwendaba noma ekupheleni kwayo. Zingase futhi zihlanganiswe nendaba ngendlela engenza ukuba kudingeke ubuhlakani ukuze umuntu asiphawule. Ngokwesibonelo, um-Akan angase athi ngokuqondene nomuntu othobekile nothanda ukuthula: “Phela ukube bekuya ngoSibanibani yedwa, ngabe akukho ukudubulana kule ndawo.” Lokhu kusikhumbuza isaga esithi, “Ukube bekuya ngomnenke nofudu, ngabe akukho kudubulana ehlathini.” Zombili lezi zidalwa zibhekwa njengezimnene, ezingagabadeli futhi ezingakuthandi ukulwa. Abantu abanalezi zimfanelo benza kube nokuthula.

Nokho, uma ufuna um-Akan asho izaga eziningi ngasikhathi sinye, angase akuphendule ngesisodwa esithi, “Ngeke uphuphe ungalele.” Ngamanye amazwi umuntu akakwazi ukusebenzisa izaga emoyeni njengoba nje nomuntu engeke aphuphe uma ephapheme. Yizimo ezinquma ukusetshenziswa kwazo.

[Umbhalo waphansi]