Mawu a Yehova ndi Amoyo

Mfundo Zazikulu za M’buku la Samueli Wachiwiri

KODI timafunikira kumvera mosalakwitsa kalikonse pofuna kusonyeza kuti tikuzindikira ulamuliro wa Yehova? Kodi munthu wokhulupirika amachita zoyenera nthawi zonse pamaso pa Mulungu? Kodi ndi munthu wotani amene Mulungu amamuona kuti ndi “wa pamtima pake”? (1 Samueli 13:14) Buku la m’Baibulo la Samueli Wachiwiri likuyankha mafunso amenewa mokhutiritsa.

Buku la Samueli Wachiwiri analemba ndi Gadi ndi Natani, aneneri awiri omwe anali mabwenzi enieni a Mfumu Davide ya Israyeli wakale.a Buku limeneli anamaliza kulilemba cha m’ma 1040 B.C.E., cha kumapeto kwa ulamuliro wa Davide wa zaka 40. Nkhani yaikulu m’bukuli ndi yokhudza Davide ndi ubwenzi wake ndi Yehova. Nkhani yochititsa chidwi imeneyi ikusimba mmene mtundu wosagwirizana unakhalira ufumu wolemera ndi wogwirizana mu ulamuliro wa mfumu yamphamvu. Mobwerezabwereza, nkhani yochititsa chidwiyi ikusimba zochitika zimene zinakhudza mitima ya anthu ndi mmene anthuwo anasonyezera mwamphamvu kukhudzika mtima kwawoko.

DAVIDE “ANAKULA CHIKULIRE”

(2 Samueli 1:1–10:19)

Zimene Davide anachita atamva za imfa ya Sauli ndi Jonatani zimasonyeza mmene anali kuwaonera ndiponso mmene anali kuonera Yehova. Ku Hebroni, Davide anamuika kukhala mfumu ya fuko la Yuda. Isiboseti, mwana wa Sauli, anamuika kukhala mfumu ya mafuko enawo a Israyeli. Davide “anakula chikulire,” ndipo patapita zaka pafupifupi seveni ndi theka, anamuika kukhala mfumu ya Israyeli yense.​—2 Samueli 5:10.

Davide analanda mzinda wa Yerusalemu kwa Ayebusi ndi kuusandutsa likulu la ufumu wake. Pamene anayesa kusamutsira likasa la chipangano ku Yerusalemu kwa nthawi yoyamba, panachitika zoopsa. Koma ulendo wachiwiri zinthu zinayenda bwino, ndipo posangalalira zimenezi, Davide anavina. Kenako, Yehova anachita pangano la ufumu ndi Davide. Davide anagonjetsa adani ake chifukwa Mulungu anapitiriza kukhala naye.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

2:18​—N’chifukwa chiyani Yoabu ndi abale ake awiri ankadziwika monga ana atatu a Zeruya, yemwe anali mayi wawo? M’Malemba Achihebri, kawirikawiri mzera wobadwira unkadzera kwa bambo. Mwina mwamuna wa Zeruya anamwalira mofulumira, kapena anamuona kuti ndi wosayenera kumutchula m’Malemba Opatulika. N’kutheka kuti Zeruya anatchulidwa chifukwa chakuti anali mlongo wake wa Davide. (1 Mbiri 2:15, 16) Bambo wa ana atatuwa sakum’tchula pena paliponse, koma kamodzi kokha anatchula za manda ake omwe anali ku Betelehemu.​—2 Samueli 2:32.

5:1, 2​—Kodi panapita nthawi yaitali bwanji Isiboseti ataphedwa kuti Davide amuike kukhala mfumu ya Israyeli yense? Zikuoneka kuti Isiboseti anayamba ulamuliro wake wa zaka ziwiriwo Sauli atangomwalira, pafupifupi nthawi yofanana ndi imene Davide anayamba kulamulira monga mfumu ya ku Hebroni. Davide analamulira Yuda kwa zaka seveni ndi theka akukhalira ku Hebroni. Atamuika kukhala mfumu ya Israyeli yense, posakhalitsa anasamutsira likulu lake ku Yerusalemu. Choncho, kuchokera pamene Isiboseti anamwalira, panatha zaka pafupifupi zisanu Davide asanayambe kulamulira monga mfumu ya Israyeli yense.​—2 Samueli 2:3, 4, 8-11; 5:4, 5.

8:2​—Kodi ndi Amoabu angati amene anaphedwa pamene anali kumenyana ndi Aisrayeli? Chiwerengero chawo chiyenera kuti chinadziwika mwa kuyeza ndi chingwe osati kuwerenga mmodzimmodzi. Zikuoneka kuti Davide anagoneka Amoabu pamzera moyandikana. Kenako, anayeza mzerawo ndi chingwe chachitali. Mwachionekere, akayeza chingwecho kawiri, Amoabu amene awayezawo ankaphedwa, ndiyeno ankayeza kamodzi, amenewo n’kuwasiya ndi moyo. M’mawu ena, magawo awiri a chiwerengero chawo anaphedwa ndipo gawo limodzi anawasiya ndi moyo.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

2:1; 5:19, 23. Davide anafunsira kwa Yehova asanapite kukakhala ku Hebroni komanso asanapite kukamenyana ndi adani ake. Nafenso tiyenera kufunafuna chitsogozo cha Yehova tisanasankhe zochita zimene zidzakhudza uzimu wathu.

3:26-30. Zotsatira za kubwezera zimakhala zomvetsa chisoni.​—Aroma 12:17-19.

3:31-34; 4:9-12. Davide anasonyeza chitsanzo chabwino chosafuna kubwezera choipa kapena kusonyeza udani.

5:12. Tisaiwale kuti Yehova watiphunzitsa njira zake ndipo watipatsa mwayi wopanga naye ubwenzi.

6:1-7. Ngakhale kuti Davide anali ndi zolinga zabwino, zimene anachita ponyamula Likasa pa galeta zinali zotsutsana ndi malamulo a Mulungu ndipo zotsatira zake zinali zoopsa. (Eksodo 25:13, 14; Numeri 4:15, 19; 7:7-9) Zimene zinachitika Uza atagwira Likasa zikusonyezanso kuti zolinga zabwino sizisintha zofuna za Mulungu.

6:8, 9. Pamene zinthu zinavuta, choyamba Davide anakwiya, kenako anagwidwa ndi mantha, mwinamwake anaimba mlandu Yehova chifukwa cha tsokalo. Tiyenera kupewa kuimba Yehova mlandu mavuto akatigwera chifukwa chonyalanyaza malamulo ake.

7:18, 22, 23, 26. Tiyenera kutsanzira makhalidwe omwe Davide anali nawo, monga kudzichepetsa, kudzipereka ndi mtima wonse kwa Yehova ndiponso kufunitsitsa kulemekeza dzina la Mulungu.

8:2. Ulosi womwe unanenedwa pafupifupi zaka 400 m’mbuyomo unakwaniritsidwa. (Numeri 24:17) Nthawi zonse zimene Yehova wanena zimachitika.

9:1, 6, 7. Davide anakwaniritsa lonjezo lake. Ifenso tiziyesetsa kukwaniritsa zimene talonjeza.

YEHOVA AUTSIRA WODZOZEDWA WAKE ZOIPA

(2 Samueli 11:1–20:26)

Yehova anauza Davide kuti: “Taona ndidzakuutsira zoipa, zobadwa m’nyumba yako ya iwe wekha; ndipo ndidzachotsa akazi ako pamaso pako ndi kuwapatsa mnansi wako, amene adzagona ndi akazi ako dzuwa lili denene.” (2 Samueli 12:11) N’chifukwa chiyani Mulungu anapereka chiweruzo chimenechi? N’chifukwa cha tchimo limene Davide anachita ndi Bateseba. Ngakhale kuti Davide analapa ndi kukhululukidwa, sakanatha kupewa zotsatira za tchimo lake.

Choyamba mwana amene Bateseba anabereka anamwalira. Kenako Tamara, mwana wamkazi wa Davide amene anali namwali, anagwiriridwa ndi Amnoni, mlongo wake wobadwa kwa mayi wina. Pobwezera, Abisalomu yemwe anali mlongo wake weniweni wa Tamara anapha Amnoni. Abisalomu anakonzera chiwembu atate wake enieni ndi kulengeza kuti iye ndi mfumu ku Hebroni. Zitachitika zimenezi, Davide anakakamizika kuthawa ku Yerusalemu. Kenako Abisalomu anagona ndi akazi aang’ono khumi a atate wake omwe anatsalira kuti azisamalira nyumba. Davide anabwerera kukapitiriza ufumu wake Abisalomu ataphedwa. Kupanduka kwa Seba wa fuko la Benjamini kunatayitsa Seba moyo wake.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

14:7​—Kodi “khala langa” lonyeka likuimira chiyani? Khala lonyeka pang’onopang’ono linali kuimira mwana wamoyo.

19:29​—N’chifukwa chiyani Davide anayankha mwa njira imeneyi pa zimene Mefiboseti anafotokoza? Atamvetsera mawu a Mefiboseti, Davide ayenera kuti anazindikira kuti analakwitsa pomvera zonena za Ziba popanda kufufuza umboni woona. (2 Samueli 16:1-4; 19:24-28) Mwachionekere, zimenezi zinam’nyansa Davide, ndipo sanafune kumvanso chilichonse chokhudza nkhani imeneyi.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

11:2-15. Mmene nkhaniyi ikufotokozera zolakwa za Davide mosapita m’mbali, ndi umboni wakuti Baibulo ndi Mawu ouziridwa a Mulungu.

11:16-27. Tikachita tchimo lalikulu, tisayese n’komwe kubisa, monga momwe anachitira Davide. M’malo mwake, tiyenera kuulula tchimo lathulo kwa Yehova ndi kupempha akulu mu mpingo kuti atithandize.​—Miyambo 28:13; Yakobo 5:13-16.

12:1-14. Natani anapereka chitsanzo chabwino kwa akulu oikidwa mu mpingo. Iwo ali ndi udindo wothandiza anthu omwe achita tchimo kuti awongole njira yawo. Akulu ayenera kukwaniritsa udindo umenewu mosamala kwambiri.

12:15-23. Kumvetsetsa zimene zinali kumuchitikira kunam’thandiza Davide kuchita zinthu moyenera panthawi ya mavuto.

15:12; 16:15, 21, 23. Zitadziwika kuti Abisalomu adzalowa ufumu wa bambo wake, Ahitofeli, yemwe anali mlangizi wanzeru, anapanduka chifukwa cha kunyada ndi kufuna kutchuka. Kukhala wanzeru koma wosadzichepetsa ndi wosakhulupirika n’koopsa.

19:24, 30. Mefiboseti ankayamikira kwambiri kukoma mtima kwa Davide. Mofunitsitsa anagonjera zimene mfumu inanena pa nkhani yokhudzana ndi Ziba. Mtima woyamikira Yehova ndi gulu lake uyenera kutisonkhezera kukhala ogonjera.

20:21, 22. Nzeru za munthu mmodzi zingathandize anthu ambiri kupewa tsoka.​—Mlaliki 9:14, 15.

TIGWERE “M’DZANJA LA YEHOVA”

(2 Samueli 21:1–24:25)

Kunagwa chilala kwa zaka zitatu chifukwa Sauli anapalamula mlandu wakupha Agibeoni. (Yoswa 9:15) Pofuna kubwezera mlandu wakuphawo, Agibeoni anapempha ana asanu ndi awiri a Sauli kuti aphedwe. Davide anaperekadi anawo m’manja mwa Agibeoni, ndipo chilalacho chinatha kutagwa mvula yamphamvu. Kenako, zimphona zinayi zachifilisiti ‘zinagwa ndi dzanja la Davide ndi anyamata ake.’​—2 Samueli 21:22.

Davide anachita tchimo lalikulu mwa kulamula kuti awerenge anthu mosavomerezeka. Iye analapa ndi kusankha kugwera “m’dzanja la Yehova.” (2 Samueli 24:14) Zotsatira zake, anthu 70,000 anafa ndi mliri. Davide anatsatira malangizo a Yehova ndipo mliriwo unatha.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

21:8​—N’chifukwa chiyani akunena kuti Mikala, mwana wamkazi wa Sauli anali ndi ana aamuna asanu, pamene lemba la 2 Samueli 6:23 limanena kuti anamwalira wopanda mwana? Ambiri amavomereza kuti amenewa anali ana a Merabu, mkulu wake wa Mikala. Merabu anali mkazi wake wa Adriyeli. Mwachionekere, Merabu ndiye anayambirira kumwalira, ndipo Mikala yemwe analibe ana analera anyamatawo.

21:9, 10​—Kodi Rizipa analondera kwa nthawi yaitali motani ana ake aamuna awiri ndi zidzukulu zisanu za Sauli omwe anaphedwa ndi Agibeoni? Anthu asanu ndi awiri amenewa anaphedwa “m’masiku a kukolola, m’masiku oyamba” kukolola m’mwezi wa March kapena April. Mitembo yawo anangoisiya paphiri. Rizipa anali kulondera mitembo isanu ndi iwiriyo usana ndi usiku kufikira pamene Yehova anasonyeza kuti mkwiyo wake watha mwa kuthetsa chilalacho. N’zokayikitsa kuti kukanagwa mvula yamphamvu nyengo yokolola isanathe mu October. Choncho, Rizipa ayenera kuti analondera mitemboyo kwa miyezi isanu kapena isanu ndi umodzi. Pambuyo pake, Davide analamula kuti mafupa a anthu amenewa akwiriridwe.

24:1​—N’chifukwa chiyani kuwerenga anthu kumene Davide anachita linali tchimo lalikulu? Kuwerenga anthu kokhako sikunali koletsedwa m’Chilamulo. (Numeri 1:1-3; 26:1-4) Baibulo silinena kuti cholinga cha Davide powerenga anthuwo chinali chiyani. Komabe, lemba la 1 Mbiri 21:1 limasonyeza kuti Satana ndi amene anam’sonkhezera kuchita zimenezi. Mulimonsemo, mkulu wa asilikali ake, Yoabu, anadziwa kuti malingaliro a Davide ofuna kuwerenga anthu ndi olakwika, ndipo anayesa kuletsa Davide kuti asachite zimenezo.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

22:2-51. Nyimbo ya Davide ikusonyeza bwino zedi kuti Yehova ndi Mulungu woona, woyenera kumukhulupirira ndi mtima wathu wonse.

23:15-17. Davide ankalemekeza kwambiri lamulo la Mulungu lokhudza moyo ndi magazi moti panthawiyi, anapewa kuchita zimene zinaoneka ngati zofanana ndi kuswa lamulo limenelo. Tiyenera kuphunzira kuwaona chimodzimodzi malamulo onse a Mulungu.

24:10. Chikumbumtima cha Davide chinam’sonkhezera kulapa. Kodi chikumbumtima chathu n’champhamvu moti chingachitenso chimodzimodzi?

24:14. Davide ankadziwa bwino lomwe kuti Yehova ndi wachifundo kwambiri kuposa anthu. Kodi zilinso chimodzimodzi kwa ife?

24:17. Davide anadzimvera chisoni kuti mtundu wonse unavutika chifukwa cha tchimo lake. Wochimwa amene walapa ayenera kudzimvera chisoni chifukwa cha chitonzo chimene wadzetsera mpingo.

Tingathe Kukhala ‘Munthu wa Pamtima pa Mulungu’

Mfumu yachiwiri ya Israyeli inali ‘munthu wa pamtima pa Yehova.’ (1 Samueli 13:14) Davide sanakayikire konse miyezo yolungama ya Yehova, ndipo sanayese kumadzichitira zinthu payekha osatsatira malangizo a Mulungu. Davide akachimwa, nthawi zonse ankavomereza tchimo lake, ankavomera chilango ndi kuwongola njira zake. Davide anali munthu wokhulupirika. Kodi sichanzeru kumutsanzira, makamaka pamene tachimwa?

Mbiri ya moyo wa Davide, ikusonyeza bwino lomwe kuti kuzindikira kuti Yehova ndiye woyenera kulamulira kumafuna kuvomereza miyezo yake ya chabwino ndi choipa ndi kuyesetsa kuitsatira mokhulupirika. Zimenezi n’zoti tingakwanitse kuchita. Tikuyamikiratu kwambiri kuti taphunzira mfundo zopindulitsa kwabasi m’buku la Samueli Wachiwiri. Uthenga wouziridwa umene ukupezeka m’buku la m’Baibulo limeneli, ulidi wamoyo ndi wamphamvu.​—Ahebri 4:12.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi patsamba 16]

Kukumbukira amene anamukhazikitsa monga mfumu kunathandiza Davide kukhala wodzichepetsa

[Zithunzi patsamba 18]

“Taona ndidzakuutsira zoipa, zobadwa m’nyumba yako ya iwe wekha”

Bateseba

Tamara

Amnoni