Mutu 18

Zivomezi za M’tsiku la Ambuye

1, 2. (a) Kodi zimakhala bwanji chivomezi chachikulu chikamachitika? (b) Kodi Yohane anafotokoza chiyani chidindo cha 6 chitamatulidwa?

KODI munayamba mwaonapo chivomezi chachikulu chikuchitika? Zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri. Chivomezi chikamayamba, nthaka imagwedezeka mwamphamvu ndipo kumamveka phokoso lapansipansi lochititsa mantha. Kugwedezeka kwa nthakako kumakulirakulira ndipo anthu amayamba kuthawa n’kumakabisala, mwina pansi pa matebulo. Kapenanso chivomezicho chingayambe mwadzidzidzi ndiponso mwamphamvu kwambiri n’kuyamba kugwetsa zinthu monga mbale, mipando ngakhalenso nyumba. Zinthu zambiri zingawonongeke, ndipo zivomezi zina zing’onozing’ono zomwe zimabwera pambuyo pake, zingawonjezere kuwononga zinthu zina ndiponso kuchititsa anthu mantha.

² Poganizira zimenezi, tamvani zimene Yohane ananena, Yesu atamatula chidindo cha 6. Iye anati: “Atamatula chidindo cha 6, ndinaona kuti kunachitika chivomezi chachikulu.” (Chivumbulutso 6:12a) Chivomezi chimenechi chiyenera kuchitika m’nthawi imene kukuchitika zinthu zomwe Yohane anaona zidindo zina zija zitamatulidwa. Koma kodi ndi nthawi iti m’tsiku la Ambuye imene chivomezi chimenechi chichitike, ndipo chivomezi chake n’chotani?—Chivumbulutso 1:10.

 3. (a) Mu ulosi wonena za chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwake, kodi Yesu analosera kuti kudzachitika chiyani? (b) Kodi zivomezi zenizeni zikugwirizana bwanji ndi chivomezi chachikulu chophiphiritsa chotchulidwa pa Chivumbulutso 6:12?

³ Nthawi zingapo, Baibulo limatchula za zivomezi zenizeni komanso zophiphiritsa. Mu ulosi wake waukulu wonena za chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwake monga Mfumu, Yesu analosera kuti kudzachitika “zivomezi m’malo osiyanasiyana” ndipo zimenezi zidzakhala mbali ya “chiyambi cha masautso, ngati mmene zimayambira zowawa za pobereka.” Kuyambira mu 1914, pamene chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse chikuwonjezereka kwambiri, zivomezi zikuwonjezera mavuto ambiri amene akuchitika m’nthawi yathu ino. (Mateyu 24:3, 7, 8) Komabe, ngakhale kuti zivomezi zimenezi zikukwaniritsa ulosi, zimangochitika ngati mbali ya masoka achilengedwe. Zivomezi zimenezi ndi akalambulabwalo a chivomezi chachikulu chophiphiritsa chotchulidwa pa Chivumbulutso 6:12. Chivomezi chophiphiritsachi chidzakhala chowononga kwambiri ndipo chidzabwera pamapeto pa zivomezi zing’onozing’ono zomwe zakhala zikugwedeza kwambiri dziko lolamulidwa ndi Satanali.a

Mavuto Amene Anagwedeza Dziko

 4. (a) Kodi anthu a Yehova anayamba liti kuyembekezera kuti kuyambira mu 1914, zinthu zoopsa zidzayamba kuchitika? (b) Kodi ndi nyengo iti imene inatha mu 1914?

⁴ Chapakatikati pa zaka za m’ma 1870, anthu a Yehova anayamba kuyembekezera kuti kuyambira mu 1914, zinthu zoopsa zidzayamba kuchitika ndipo zidzakhala chizindikiro choti Nthawi za Akunja zatha. Imeneyi ndi nyengo ya “nthawi zokwanira 7” (zaka 2,520), yomwe inayamba pamene ufumu wa anthu a m’banja la Davide unathetsedwa ku Yerusalemu mu 607 B.C.E., mpaka kufika m’nthawi imene Yesu anaikidwa pampando wachifumu ku Yerusalemu wakumwamba mu 1914 C.E.—Danieli 4:24, 25; Luka 21:24.b

 5. (a) Kodi C. T. Russell anapereka chilengezo chotani pa October 2, 1914? (b) Kodi ndi mavuto andale ati amene akhala akuchitika kuyambira mu 1914?

⁵ Choncho, m’mawa pa October 2, 1914, pamene C. T. Russell analowa m’chipinda chimene banja la Beteli la ku Brooklyn, New York, linkachitira kulambira kwa m’mawa, anapereka chilengezo chosangalatsa chakuti: “Nthawi za Akunja zatha. Nthawi yoti mafumu awo alamulire yatha.” Ndithudi, kusokonekera kwa zinthu padziko lonse kumene kunayamba mu 1914 kunasintha kwambiri zinthu, ndipo maboma ambiri olamulidwa ndi mafumu, amene anakhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali, anatha. Kutha kwa ulamuliro wa mafumu a ku Russia pa zipolowe zimene chipani cha Bolshevik chinayambitsa polanda boma mu 1917, kunachititsa kuti pakhale magulu awiri otsutsana. Gulu lina linkatsatira mfundo za Karl Marx, yemwe ankalimbikitsa kuti boma liziyendetsa lokha ntchito zonse za malonda, pamene gulu lina linkalimbikitsa zoti anthu wamba aziyendetsa okha ntchito za malonda. Magulu otsutsanawa anakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri. Anthu padziko lonse akupitiriza kuvutika ndi mavuto obwera chifukwa chofuna kusintha ndale. Masiku ano, maboma ambiri sakhalitsa ndipo amatha pakangodutsa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Mwachitsanzo, zimene zinkachitika ku Italy zikusonyeza bwino kusakhazikika kwa maboma olamulidwa ndi anthu a ndale. Pa zaka 42 kuchokera pamene nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse inatha, dzikoli linasintha boma maulendo 47. Koma mavuto akuluakulu onsewa angokhala kalambulabwalo chabe wa mavuto aakulu kwambiri okhudza ulamuliro amene akubwera kutsogoloku. Ndiyeno n’chiyani chidzachitike? Ufumu wa Mulungu udzayamba kulamulira padziko lonse lapansi.—Yesaya 9:6, 7.

 6. (a) Kodi H. G. Wells anaifotokoza bwanji nyengo yatsopano ndiponso yapadera imene inayamba mu 1914? (b) Kodi katswiri wina wofufuza nzeru za anthu, ndiponso munthu wina wandale wotchuka analemba chiyani zokhudza nyengo imeneyi?

⁶ Akatswiri olemba mbiri yakale, ofufuza nzeru za anthu ndiponso atsogoleri andale amanena kuti chaka cha 1914 chinali chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano ndiponso yapadera kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, patapita zaka 17 kuchokera m’chaka chimenechi, munthu wina wolemba mbiri yakale dzina lake H. G. Wells ananena kuti: “Mneneri angakonde kulosera zinthu zosangalatsa. Koma ntchito yake ndi yoti anene zimene akuona. Iye akuona dziko limene likutsogoleredwabe kwambiri ndi asilikali, anthu okonda kwambiri dziko lawo, anthu obwereketsa ndalama zawo pa katapila, ndi anthu amene amachita malonda n’cholinga chofuna kubera anthu ena. Akuonanso dziko limene anthu ake ndi okayikirana komanso odana, ndiponso limene ufulu wa anthu ukucheperachepera. Akuonanso dziko limene anthu ake ndi ogawanika kwambiri chifukwa cha kusiyana kapezedwe ka ndalama, ndiponso akuona dziko limene likukonzekera kumenya nkhondo zinanso.” Ndipo mu 1953, katswiri wina wofufuza nzeru za anthu, dzina lake Bertrand Russell, analemba kuti: “Kuyambira mu 1914, anthu onse amene amatsata bwino zochitika za m’dzikoli akuda nkhawa kwambiri chifukwa zikuoneka ngati dzikoli likumana ndi tsoka loopsa limene lakonzedweratu. . . . Iwo akutha kuona kuti mtundu wa anthu ukufanana ndi munthu wochita mbali yaikulu m’sewero lakale la Agiriki, amene akulamulidwa ndi milungu yokwiya ndipo palibe chimene angachite koma kumangopita kulikonse kumene milunguyo ikumupititsa, mpaka kufa.” Komanso mu 1980, wandale wina wotchuka dzina lake Harold Macmillan, ananena mfundo yotsatirayi ataganizira mmene zaka za m’ma 1900 zinayambira mwamtendere. Iye anati: “Tinkaona kuti zinthu zipitirizabe kukhala bwino. Ndi mmene linalili dziko pa nthawiyo. . . . Koma tsiku lina mu 1914, mwadzidzidzi, zonse zinasintha.”

7-9. (a) Kodi ndi mavuto ati amene akhala akuvutitsa anthu kuyambira mu 1914? (b) Kodi ndi mavuto ena ati amene m’kupita kwa nthawi, anthu ayamba kukumana nawo m’nthawi ya kukhalapo kwa Yesu?

⁷ Nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse inabweretsanso mavuto ena. Ndipo nkhondo zina zing’onozing’ono komanso zinthu zauchigawenga zimene zikuchitika padziko lonse zikupitiriza kugwedeza dziko lapansi. Anthu ambiri akukhala mwamantha chifukwa choopa zigawenga kapena kuopa kuti mayiko ena angagwiritse ntchito zida zoopsa kwambiri.

⁸ Komanso zinthu zina kuwonjezera pa nkhondo, zakhala zikugwedeza kwambiri dziko kuyambira mu 1914. Vuto limodzi mwa mavuto amene anasokoneza kwambiri anthu linayamba chifukwa cha kulowa pansi kwa bizinezi yogulitsa masheya a makampani ku United States pa October 29, 1929. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti chuma cha m’mayiko ambiri chisokonezeke, makamaka mayiko amene ankayendera mfundo yakuti anthu aziyendetsa okha ntchito zamalonda. Ngakhale kuti mavuto azachuma amenewo anafika poipa kwambiri mu 1932 mpaka 1934, koma mpaka lero tikuvutikabe chifukwa cha zimene zinachitikazi. Kuyambira mu 1929, dzikoli lakhala lili pa mavuto aakulu azachuma, ndipo anthu akhala akuyesa njira zosiyanasiyana zosadalirika pofuna kuthana ndi mavutowa. Mwachitsanzo, maboma anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri kuposa zimene amapeza n’cholinga choti chuma chiyambirenso kuyenda bwino. Kusowa kwa mafuta kumene kunachitika mu 1973 ndiponso kulowa pansi kwa bizinezi yogulitsa masheya a makampani mu 1987, kunawonjezera mavuto azachuma padziko lonse. Masiku ano, anthu ambiri amangogula zinthu pa ngongole. Anthu ambirimbiri amapusitsidwa ndi anthu akatangale komanso anthu amene amawabera ndalama powanamiza kuti awathandiza kuti ayambe mabizinezi abwino. Amapusitsidwanso ndi anthu ochititsa mipikisano komanso njuga omwe amawalonjeza kuti awina ndalama zambiri, ndipo boma ndi limene limathandiza ambiri mwa anthu obera anzawowa, m’malo moteteza anthu ake. Ngakhalenso alaliki a m’Matchalitchi Achikhristu amene amalalikira pa TV amapeza ndalama zankhaninkhani zomwe amapemphetsa kwa anthu.—Yerekezerani ndi Yeremiya 5:26-31.

⁹ M’mbuyomu, Mussolini ndiponso Hitler analanda boma popezerapo mwayi pa mavuto azachuma amene anali m’mayiko awo. Posapita nthawi, Babulo Wamkulu anagwirizana ndi olamulira amenewa. Mwachitsanzo, akuluakulu a Katolika ku Vatican anachita mgwirizano ndi dziko la Italy mu 1929, ndiponso dziko la Germany mu 1933. (Chivumbulutso 17:5) Mavuto amene anatsatirapo analidi mbali ya kukwaniritsidwa kwa ulosi wa Yesu wonena za kukhalapo kwake. Mbali ina ya ulosiwu inati: “Anthu a mitundu ina adzazunzika, ndipo adzathedwa nzeru. . . . Mwakuti anthu adzakomoka chifukwa cha mantha ndi kuyembekezera zimene zichitikire dziko lapansi kumene kuli anthu.” (Luka 21:7-9, 25-31)c Zoonadi, mavuto amene anayamba kugwedeza mtundu wa anthu mu 1914 akupitirizabe ndipo tsopano afika poipa kwambiri.

Yehova Nayenso Akugwedeza Dziko

10. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani anthu akukumana ndi mavuto ambiri? (b) Kodi Yehova akuchita chiyani, ndipo akuchita zimenezi pokonzekera chiyani?

¹⁰ Mavuto amenewa, omwe akuvutitsa anthu, amayamba chifukwa munthu sangathe kuwongolera mapazi ake. (Yeremiya 10:23) Komanso, Satana yemwe ndi njoka yakale ija, “akusocheretsa dziko lonse lapansi kumene kuli anthu,” ndipo akubweretsa masoka poyesetsa komaliza kuti achititse anthu onse kusiya kulambira Yehova. Zipangizo zamakono zachititsa kuti anthu a m’mayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi azingokhala ngati ali m’dziko limodzi ndipo zimenezi zikuchititsa kuti anthu ambiri azikonda kwambiri dziko lawo ndiponso azidana ndi anthu a mafuko ena. Zimenezi zikubweretsa mavuto aakulu padzikoli. Ndipo bungwe la United Nations, limene amati n’lothandiza mayiko kuti azigwirizana, likulephera kupeza njira yothetsera mavutowa. N’zoonekeratu kuti kuposa kale lonse, munthu akupweteka kwambiri munthu mnzake pomulamulira. (Chivumbulutso 12:9, 12; Mlaliki 8:9) Ngakhale zili choncho, Yehova Ambuye Wamkulu Koposa, amene anapanga kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi, nayenso wakhala akugwedeza anthu kwa zaka zoposa 90. Iye akuchita zimenezi pokonzekera kuthetseratu mavuto onse padziko lapansili. Kodi akugwedeza anthu motani?

11. (a) Kodi lemba la Hagai 2:6, 7, limafotokoza za kugwedeza kotani? (b) Kodi ulosi wa Hagai ukukwaniritsidwa bwanji?

¹¹ Lemba la Hagai 2:6, 7 limati: “Yehova wa makamu wanena kuti, ‘Posachedwapa ndigwedezanso kumwamba, dziko lapansi, nyanja ndi mtunda.’ ‘Ndigwedeza mitundu yonse ya anthu, ndipo zinthu zamtengo wapatali zochokera ku mitundu yonse ya anthu zidzalowa m’nyumba imeneyi. Ine ndidzadzaza nyumbayi ndi ulemerero,’ watero Yehova wa makamu.” Makamaka kuyambira mu 1919, Yehova wachititsa kuti mboni zake zizilalikira uthenga wachiweruzo kwa anthu osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansili. Ntchito yolalikirayi, yomwe ikuchitika padziko lonse, ikupereka chenjezo kwa anthu m’dziko la Satanali.d Pamene ntchito yochenjezayi ikukulirakulira, anthu oopa Mulungu, omwe ndi “zinthu zamtengo wapatali,” alimbikitsidwa kuti adzipatule pakati pa anthu a mitundu ina. Sikuti iwo akuchita zimenezi pogwedezeka ndi mavuto amene gulu la Satana likuchititsa. Koma iwo akuzindikira mmene zinthu zilili m’dzikoli ndipo akusankha okha kugwirizana ndi Akhristu odzozedwa pa ntchito yodzaza ulemerero m’nyumba yolambirira ya Yehova. N’chiyani chimawathandiza kuti azindikire zimenezi? Ndi ntchito yolalikira za uthenga wabwino wa Ufumu wa Mulungu, umene unakhazikitsidwa kumwamba, yomwe atumiki a Mulungu akugwira mwakhama. (Mateyu 24:14) Yesu ndi otsatira ake odzozedwa ndi amene apanga Ufumu umenewu. Ufumuwu udzapitiriza kubweretsa ulemerero kwa Yehova monga “ufumu umene sungagwedezeke.”—Aheberi 12:26-29.

12. Ngati mwayamba kuphunzira Baibulo chifukwa cha ntchito yolalikira yoloseredwa pa Mateyu 24:14, kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani chivomezi chachikulu cha pa Chivumbulutso 6:12 chisanachitike?

¹² Kodi inuyo muli m’gulu la anthu amene ayamba kuphunzira Baibulo chifukwa cha ntchito yolalikirayi? Kapena kodi muli m’gulu la anthu mamiliyoni ambirimbiri amene anafikapo pa mwambo wokumbukira imfa ya Yesu m’zaka zaposachedwapa? Ngati zili choncho, pitirizani kuphunzira choonadi cha m’Baibulo ndiponso kutsatira zimene mukuphunzirazo. (2 Timoteyo 2:15; 3:16, 17) Yesetsani kusiyiratu makhalidwe oipa a m’dziko la Satanali, lomwe liwonongedwe posachedwapa. Bwerani mumpingo wachikhristu umene ukuyembekezera dziko latsopano ndipo muzigwira nawo mwakhama ntchito yolalikira. Muyenera kuchita zimenezi chifukwa “chivomezi” chomaliza, chomwe ndi chachikulu komanso choopsa kwambiri, chiwonongeratu dziko la Satanali posachedwapa. Koma kodi chivomezi chachikuluchi n’chiyani makamaka? Tiyeni tione.

Chivomezi Chachikulu

13. N’chifukwa chiyani tikunena kuti chivomezi chachikulu chimene chikubweracho sichinachitikepo m’mbiri yonse ya anthu ndipo n’chosiyana ndi zivomezi zina zonse?

¹³ Zoonadi, zivomezi zambiri, zenizeni ndiponso zophiphiritsira, zakhala zikuchitika m’masiku otsiriza ano, omwe ndi nthawi yapadera. (2 Timoteyo 3:1) Koma pa zivomezi zonsezi palibe chivomezi chachikulu chomaliza chimene Yohane anaona, Yesu atamatula chidindo cha 6. Nthawi ya zivomezi zing’onozing’ono yatha. Koma tsopano kukubwera chivomezi chachikulu chimene sichinachitikepo ndipo n’chosiyana ndi zivomezi zina zonse. Chivomezichi n’chachikulu kwambiri moti anthu sangathe kuyeza mphamvu zake zowononga kwambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zilizonse zoyezera mphamvu za chivomezi. Chivomezichi sikuti chidzangowononga dera linalake ladziko lapansili, koma chidzawononga ‘dziko lonse lapansi,’ kapena kuti anthu onse ochita makhalidwe oipa.

14. (a) Kodi ndi ulosi uti umene unaneneratu za chivomezi chachikulu ndiponso mmene chidzawonongere zinthu? (b) Kodi ulosi wa Yoweli ndiponso ulosi wa pa Chivumbulutso 6:12, 13, uyenera kuti ukunena za chiyani?

¹⁴ Aneneri enanso a Yehova analosera za chivomezi chachikulu chimenechi ndiponso mmene chidzawonongere zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, cha mu 820 B.C.E., Yoweli anafotokoza zinthu zomwe zidzachitike “tsiku lalikulu ndi lochititsa mantha la Yehova lisanafike.” Iye anati, “dzuwa lidzasanduka mdima, ndipo mwezi udzasanduka magazi.” Kenako, iye ananenanso kuti: “Makamu ambirimbiri a anthu ali m’chigwa choweruzira mlandu, pakuti tsiku la Yehova layandikira m’chigwa choweruzira mlandu. Dzuwa ndi mwezi zidzachita mdima, ndipo nyenyezi zidzasiya kuwala. Yehova adzabangula ngati mkango kuchokera m’Ziyoni ndipo adzalankhula ali ku Yerusalemu. Kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi zidzagwedezeka koma Yehova adzakhala chitetezo kwa anthu ake, ndipo adzakhala malo a chitetezo champhamvu kwa ana a Isiraeli.” (Yoweli 2:31; 3:14-16) Kugwedezeka kumeneku sikungatanthauzenso zina, koma kuyenera kuti kukutanthauza zimene zidzachitike pamene Yehova azidzapereka chiweruzo pa chisautso chachikulu. (Mateyu 24:21) Motero, nkhani yofanana ndi imeneyi yopezeka pa Chivumbulutso 6:12, 13, iyenera kuti ikutanthauzanso zinthu zomwezi.—Onaninso Yeremiya 10:10; Zefaniya 1:14, 15.

15. Kodi mneneri Habakuku analosera za kugwedeza kwamphamvu kotani?

¹⁵ Patapita zaka pafupifupi 200 kuchokera m’nthawi ya Yoweli, mneneri Habakuku anapemphera kwa Mulungu wake kuti: “Inu Yehova, ndamva uthenga wonena za inu. Ndachita mantha ndi ntchito zanu, Inu Yehova. M’zaka zimenezi sonyezani ntchito zanu! M’zaka zimenezi chititsani ntchito zanu kuti zidziwike. Pa nthawi ya mkwiyo wanu kumbukirani kusonyeza chifundo.” Kodi “mkwiyo” umenewo ndi chiyani? Habakuku anapitiriza kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zimene zidzachitike pa chisautso chachikulu. Ponena za Yehova, iye anati: “Iye anaima chilili kuti agwedeze dziko lapansi. Anayang’ana mitundu ya anthu ndipo mitunduyo inadumpha. . . . Munadutsa m’dziko lapansi ndi kulidzudzula mwamphamvu. Inu mutakwiya munapuntha mitundu ya anthu ngati mbewu. Ine ndidzakondwerabe mwa Yehova ndipo ndidzasangalala mwa Mulungu wachipulumutso changa.” (Habakuku 3:1, 2, 6, 12, 18) Apa zikuonekeratu kuti Yehova adzagwedeza mwamphamvu dziko lonse lapansi akamadzawononga mitundu ya anthu.

16. (a) Kodi mneneri Ezekieli analosera chiyani chokhudza zimene zidzachitike Satana akadzaukira komaliza anthu a Mulungu? (b) N’chiyani chidzachitike pa chivomezi chachikulu chotchulidwa pa Chivumbulutso 6:12?

¹⁶ Nayenso Ezekieli analosera kuti Gogi wa Magogi (Satana amene anaponyedwa padziko lapansi) akadzaukira komaliza anthu a Mulungu, Yehova adzachititsa kuti “chivomezi chachikulu” chichitike “m’dziko la Isiraeli.” (Ezekieli 38:18, 19) Ngakhale kuti zivomezi zenizeni zingachitikedi, tisaiwale kuti buku la Chivumbulutso limagwiritsira ntchito zizindikiro pofotokoza zinthu. Ulosi umenewu komanso maulosi ena amene atchulidwawa ndi ophiphiritsa. Choncho, zikuoneka kuti kumatulidwa kwa chidindo cha 6 kukuulula zimene zidzachitike pa chivomezi chachikulu chimene chidzagwedeze kwambiri dziko lapansili. Pa nthawiyi, anthu onse otsutsana ndi ulamuliro wa Yehova Mulungu adzawonongedwa.

Nthawi ya Mdima

17. Kodi chivomezi chachikulu chinakhudza bwanji dzuwa, mwezi ndi nyenyezi?

¹⁷ Zimene Yohane anapitiriza kufotokoza zinasonyeza kuti chivomezi chachikulucho chitachitika, kunachitikanso zinthu zina zoopsa zimene zinakhudza ngakhale kumwamba. Iye anati: “Dzuwa linada ngati chiguduli choluka ndi ubweya wa mbuzi yakuda, ndipo mwezi wonse unafiira ngati magazi. Nyenyezi zakumwamba zinagwera kudziko lapansi, ngati mmene mkuyu wogwedezeka ndi mphepo yamphamvu umagwetsera nkhuyu zake zosapsa.” (Chivumbulutso 6:12b, 13) Zimenezi n’zochititsa mantha kwambiri. Taganizirani za mdima wochititsa mantha umene ungagwe zikanakhala kuti ulosiwu si wophiphiritsa. Masana, sikungakhalenso dzuwa limene limatiunikira komanso kutithandiza kuti tizimva kutenthera bwino. Usiku, sikungakhalenso mwezi, umene umatithandiza m’njira zambiri, monga kutiunikira. Ndipo nyenyezi zambirimbiri zimene zimaoneka zokongola kwambiri kumwamba, sizingaonekenso. M’malomwake, padziko lapansi pangakhale pozizira kwambiri ndiponso pa mdima wandiweyani.—Yerekezerani ndi Mateyu 24:29.

18. Kodi ‘kumwamba kunachita bwanji mdima’ mumzinda wa Yerusalemu mu 607 B.C.E.?

¹⁸ Yeremiya analosera kuti mu Isiraeli mudzakhala mdima wophiphiritsa ngati umenewu. Iye anachenjeza kuti: “Dziko lonseli lidzakhala bwinja ndipo ndidzawafafaniza. Pachifukwa chimenechi dziko lidzalira ndipo kumwamba kudzachita mdima.” (Yeremiya 4:27, 28) Mu 607 B.C.E. pamene ulosi umenewu unakwaniritsidwa, zinthu zinawaderadi anthu a Yehova. Mzinda wa Yerusalemu, umene unali likulu la dziko lawo, unawonongedwa ndi Ababulo. Komanso kachisi wawo anawonongedwa ndipo dziko lawo linakhala bwinja. Iwo analibenso kuwala kulikonse kochokera kumwamba kumene kukanawatonthoza. M’malomwake, zinthu zinachitika mofanana ndi mmene Yeremiya anafotokozera podandaulira Yehova kuti: “Mwapha anthu mopanda chisoni. Mwadzitchinga ndi mtambo waukulu kuti pemphero lisadutse ndi kufika kwa inu.” (Maliro 3:43, 44) Kwa anthu a mumzinda wa Yerusalemu, mdima wochokera kumwamba umenewu unatanthauza imfa ndi chiwonongeko.

19. (a) Kodi Yesaya, mneneri wa Mulungu anafotokoza bwanji mdima wakumwamba umene unagwera mzinda wakale wa Babulo? (b) Kodi ulosi wa Yesaya unakwaniritsidwa liti, ndipo unakwaniritsidwa motani?

¹⁹ Patapita nthawi, mdima wakumwamba wofanana ndi umenewu unatanthauza kuti mzinda wa Babulo udzawonongedwa. Ponena za mdima umenewu, mneneri wa Mulungu anauziridwa kulemba kuti: “Taonani! Tsiku la Yehova likubwera. Tsikulo n’lankhanza, laukali ndiponso lamkwiyo woyaka moto. Likubwera kuti lidzachititse dziko kukhala chinthu chodabwitsa, ndiponso kuti lidzawononge anthu ochimwa a m’dzikolo. Pakuti nyenyezi zakumwamba ndi magulu a nyenyezi a Kesili sizidzawala. Dzuwa lidzachita mdima potuluka, ndipo mwezi sudzaonetsa kuwala kwake. Nthaka ndidzaibwezera zoipa zake, ndipo anthu oipa ndidzawabwezera zolakwa zawo.” (Yesaya 13:9-11) Ulosiwu unakwaniritsidwa mu 539 B.C.E., pamene Amedi ndi Aperisiya anagonjetsa mzinda wa Babulo. Ulosiwu unafotokoza bwino kwambiri mmene mzinda wa Babulo unakhalira mumdima ndiponso wopanda chiyembekezo chilichonse. Panalibenso kuwala kulikonse kumene kukanatonthoza Ababulo pamene mzinda wawo unkawonongedwa n’kusiya kukhala ufumu wamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse.

20. Chivomezi chachikulu chikamadzachitika, kodi padzikoli padzachitika zinthu zoopsa zotani?

²⁰ Mofanana ndi zimenezi, chivomezi chachikulu chikadzachitika, anthu adzasowa mtengo wogwira chifukwa dziko lonseli lidzakhala mumdima wandiweyani. Anthu amene amaonedwa ngati zounikira m’dziko la Satanali, sadzatha kupereka kuwala kulikonse kumene kungathandize anthu kukhala ndi chiyembekezo. Ngakhale masiku ano, atsogoleri a ndale m’dzikoli, makamaka a m’Mayiko Achikhristu, atchuka kwambiri ndi katangale, kunama ndiponso moyo wachiwerewere. (Yesaya 28:14-19) Anthu sakuwakhulupiriranso. Nyale yawo imene yatsala pang’ono kuzima, idzazimiratu Yehova akadzapereka chiweruzo. Mphamvu zimene ali nazo pa zochitika za m’dzikoli, zimene zimawachititsa kuti aziwala ngati mwezi, zidzaululika kuti zinali zofiira ngati magazi, kutanthauza kuti ankazigwiritsa ntchito popha anthu. Anthu awo otchuka a m’dzikoli, amene ali ngati nyenyezi, sadzawalanso ndipo adzangokhala ngati nyenyezi zimene zikugwa kuchokera kumwamba. Iwo adzamwazika ngati nkhuyu zosapsa zimene zikugwa chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho. Dziko lapansi lonseli lidzagwedezeka kwambiri pa nthawi ya “chisautso chachikulu chimene sichinachitikepo kuchokera pa chiyambi cha dziko mpaka tsopano, ndipo sichidzachitikanso.” (Mateyu 24:21) Zimenezitu zidzakhala zoopsa kwambiri.

“Kumwamba Kunakanganuka”

21. M’masomphenya ake, kodi Yohane anaona chiyani chokhudza “kumwamba” komanso “phiri lililonse ndi chilumba chilichonse”?

²¹ Yohane anapitiriza kufotokoza masomphenyawo kuti: “Ndipo kumwamba kunakanganuka ngati mpukutu umene akuupinda, ndipo phiri lililonse ndi chilumba chilichonse zinachotsedwa m’malo awo.” (Chivumbulutso 6:14) Zikuonekeratu kuti kumwamba, mapiri ndiponso zilumba zimene zatchulidwa palembali si zenizeni. Koma kodi zikuimira chiyani?

22. Ku Edomu, kodi ndi “kumwamba” kotani kumene ‘kunapindidwa ngati mpukutu wolembapo’?

²² Ulosi wina wofanana ndi umenewu, wonena za mkwiyo umene Yehova ali nawo pa mitundu yonse ya anthu, ukutithandiza kumvetsa bwino tanthauzo la mawu akuti “kumwamba.” Ulosiwu umati: “Makamu onse akumwamba adzawola. Kumwamba kudzapindidwa ngati mpukutu wolembapo.” (Yesaya 34:4) Palembali, ulosiwu makamaka ukunena za mzinda wa Edomu umene unayenera kukumana ndi mavuto. Kodi mavuto ake anali otani? Ababulo analanda mzindawu patangopita nthawi yochepa atawononga mzinda wa Yerusalemu mu 607 B.C.E. Palibe chinthu chilichonse chapadera chimene chinalembedwa kuti chinachitikadi kumwamba kwenikweni pa nthawi imeneyo. Koma panali zinthu zambiri zoopsa zimene zinkachitika “kumwamba” kophiphiritsira kwa mzinda wa Edomu.e Anthu olamulira mzindawo anachotsedwa mochititsa manyazi pa udindo wawo wokwezeka kwambiri umene unali ngati kumwamba. (Yesaya 34:5) Tinganene kuti iwo ‘anapindidwa’ n’kuikidwa pambali, ngati mpukutu wotha ntchito.

23. Kodi “kumwamba” kumene ‘kudzakanganuke ngati mpukutu’ kukuimira chiyani, ndipo mawu a Petulo akutsimikizira bwanji zimenezi?

²³ Choncho “kumwamba” kumene ‘kudzakanganuke ngati mpukutu’ kukuimira maboma otsutsana ndi Mulungu, omwe akulamulira dziko lapansili. Maboma onsewa adzachotsedwa ndi Wokwera pahatchi yoyera wopambana pa nkhondo uja, ndipo sadzakhalaponso. (Chivumbulutso 19:11-16, 19-21) Zimene mtumwi Petulo ananena zikutsimikizira mfundo imeneyi. Pamene ankayembekezera kukwaniritsidwa kwa zinthu zimene Yohane anaona Yesu atamatula chidindo cha 6, Petulo anati: “Kumwamba kumene kulipo panopa limodzi ndi dziko lapansi, azisungira moto m’tsiku lachiweruzo ndi chiwonongeko cha anthu osaopa Mulungu.” (2 Petulo 3:7) Koma kodi mawu akuti “phiri lililonse ndi chilumba chilichonse zinachotsedwa m’malo awo,” akutanthauza chiyani?

24. (a) Kodi ulosi wa m’Baibulo umasonyeza kuti ndi nthawi iti imene mapiri ndi zilumba zimagwedezeka kapena kunjenjemera? (b) Kodi ‘mapiri anagwedezeka’ bwanji pamene mzinda wa Nineve unkawonongedwa?

²⁴ Ulosi wa m’Baibulo umasonyeza kuti mapiri ndi zilumba zimagwedezeka kapena kunjenjemera pa nthawi ya mavuto aakulu a zandale. Mwachitsanzo, polosera za chiweruzo chimene Yehova anapereka pa mzinda wa Nineve, mneneri Nahumu analemba kuti: ‘Mapiri agwedezeka chifukwa cha iye ndipo zitunda zasungunuka. Dziko lapansi lidzanjenjemera.’ (Nahumu 1:5) Palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti mapiri enieni anagwedezekadi pamene mzinda wa Nineve unkawonongedwa mu 632 B.C.E. Koma ulamuliro umene unali wamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse, umene unkaoneka wolimba ngati phiri, unatha mwadzidzidzi.—Yerekezerani ndi Yeremiya 4:24.

25. Pa nthawi ya mapeto a dzikoli, kodi “phiri lililonse ndi chilumba chilichonse” zidzachotsedwa bwanji m’malo awo?

²⁵ Choncho, zikuoneka kuti mawu akuti “phiri lililonse ndi chilumba chilichonse” amene atchulidwa chidindo cha 6 chitamatulidwa, akutanthauza maboma a ndale a m’dzikoli ndiponso mabungwe amene amadalira andalewo, omwe anthu ambiri amawaona kuti ndi olimba ndiponso osasunthika. Maboma ndi mabungwewa adzagwedezeka n’kuchotsedwa m’malo awo, ndipo anthu amene ankawadalira ndi kuwakhulupirira adzadabwa ndiponso adzachita mantha kwambiri. Zinthu zidzachitika mogwirizana ndi mmene ulosi unanenera. Anthu sadzakayikira ngakhale pang’ono kuti tsiku lalikulu la mkwiyo wa Yehova ndi Mwana wake lafika ndipo iwo abwezera chilango kwa adani awo. Pa tsiku limeneli, padzachitika chivomezi chomaliza chimene chidzachotse Satana ndi magulu ake onse.

“Tigwereni, Tibiseni”

26. Kodi anthu amene amatsutsa ulamuliro wa Mulungu adzachita chiyani ndiponso adzanena mawu otani posonyeza kuti ali ndi mantha?

²⁶ Yohane akupitiriza kutiuza kuti: “Mafumu a dziko lapansi, nduna, akuluakulu a asilikali, olemera, amphamvu, kapolo aliyense ndi mfulu aliyense, anabisala m’mapanga ndi m’matanthwe a m’mapiri. Iwo anali kuuza mapiri ndi matanthwe mosalekeza kuti: ‘Tigwereni, tibiseni kuti tisaonekere kwa Iye amene wakhala pampando wachifumu, ndiponso kuti tibisike ku mkwiyo wa Mwanawankhosa, chifukwa tsiku lalikulu la mkwiyo wawo lafika, ndipo ndani angaimirire pamaso pawo?’”—Chivumbulutso 6:15-17.

27. Kodi Aisiraeli osakhulupirika ku Samariya ananena mawu otani polira, ndipo mawuwo anakwaniritsidwa bwanji?

²⁷ Pamene Hoseya ankalengeza uthenga wachiweruzo wa Yehova mumzinda wa Samariya womwe unali likulu la ufumu wakumpoto wa Isiraeli, ananena kuti: “Malo okwezeka a ku Beti-aveni, omwe ndi tchimo la Isiraeli, adzawonongedwa. Minga ndi zitsamba zobaya zidzamera pamaguwa awo ansembe. Anthu adzauza mapiri kuti, ‘Tigwereni!’ ndipo adzauza zitunda kuti, ‘Tikwirireni!’” (Hoseya 10:8) Kodi mawu amenewa anakwaniritsidwa bwanji? Pamene Asuri ankawononga mzinda wa Samariya mu 740 B.C.E., Aisiraeli anasowa kothawira. Mawu a Hoseya anasonyeza mmene Aisiraeli omwe anagonjetsedwawo ankamvera mumtima mwawo. Iwo anasowa mtengo wogwira, ankachita mantha kwambiri komanso ankaona kuti palibe amene akuwathandiza. Anthuwo sanatetezedwe ndi zinthu zomwe m’mbuyomo zinkaoneka ngati zodalirika komanso zolimba, monga mapiri enieni ndiponso mabungwe awo.

28. (a) Kodi Yesu anapereka chenjezo lotani kwa azimayi a ku Yerusalemu? (b) Kodi chenjezo la Yesu limeneli linakwaniritsidwa bwanji?

²⁸ Mofanana ndi zimenezi, pamene asilikali achiroma ankapita ndi Yesu kumalo koti akamuphe, iye anauza azimayi a ku Yerusalemu kuti: “Masiku akubwera pamene anthu adzanena kuti, ‘Odala ndi akazi osabereka, amene sanaberekepo, komanso amene mabere awo sanayamwitsepo!’ M’masiku amenewo iwo adzayamba kuuza mapiri kuti, ‘Tigwereni!’ ndipo adzauza zitunda kuti, ‘Tikwirireni!’” (Luka 23:29, 30) Anthu osiyanasiyana analemba momveka bwino za mmene Aroma anawonongera mzinda wa Yerusalemu m’chaka cha 70 C.E., ndipo n’zoonekeratu kuti mawu a Yesu amenewa ankatanthauza zinthu zofanana ndi zimene Hoseya ananena. Pa nthawiyo, Ayuda amene sanachoke mu Yudeya anasowa kobisala. Iwo sanathe kuthawa chiweruzo choopsa cha Yehova ngakhale kuti anayesetsa kuti apeze malo obisala mu Yerusalemu, kapena kuthawira kumalo achitetezo amene anali pamwamba pa phiri ku Masada.

29. (a) Tsiku la mkwiyo wa Yehova likadzafika, kodi zinthu zidzawathera bwanji anthu amene amagwirizana kwambiri ndi dzikoli? (b) Kodi ndi ulosi uti wa Yesu umene udzakwaniritsidwe pa tsiku la mkwiyo wa Yehova?

²⁹ Kumatulidwa kwa chidindo cha 6 kwasonyeza kuti zinthu zina zofanana ndi zimenezi, zichitikanso pa tsiku la mkwiyo wa Yehova limene likubwera posachedwapa. Pa chivomezi chomaliza chimene chidzagwedeze dzikoli, anthu amene amagwirizana kwambiri ndi dzikoli adzayesetsa kufufuza malo oti abisale koma sadzawapeza. Panopa, chipembedzo chonyenga, chomwe ndi Babulo Wamkulu, chawagwiritsa kale fuwa lamoto. Ngakhale mapanga enieni a m’mapiri sadzatha kuwateteza. Kapenanso mapiri ophiphiritsa, omwe ndi olamulira andale ndiponso mabungwe a zamalonda, sadzatha kuwateteza powapatsa ndalama kapena kuwathandiza mwa njira iliyonse. Palibe chimene chidzawateteze kuti asawonongedwe pa tsiku la mkwiyo wa Yehova. Yesu anafotokoza bwino mmene anthuwo adzakhalire ndi mantha pamene ananena kuti: “Pamenepo chizindikiro cha Mwana wa munthu chidzaonekera kumwamba. Ndiyeno mafuko onse a padziko lapansi adzadziguguda pachifuwa chifukwa cha chisoni, ndipo adzaona Mwana wa munthu akubwera pamitambo ya kumwamba ndi mphamvu ndi ulemerero waukulu.”—Mateyu 24:30.

30. (a) Kodi funso lakuti: “Ndani angaimirire pamaso pawo?” likutanthauza chiyani? (b) Kodi padzapezeka munthu amene angaimirire pa nthawi ya chiweruzo cha Yehova?

³⁰ Ndithudi, anthu amene amakana kuvomereza ulamuliro wa Wokwera pahatchi yoyera wopambana pa nkhondo uja, adzakakamizika kuvomereza kuti analakwitsa zinthu kwambiri. Anthu onse amene anasankha mwadala kukhala mbali ya mbewu ya njoka adzawonongedwa pamene dziko la Satanali likupita. (Genesis 3:15; 1 Yohane 2:17) Anthu ambiri akadzaona zomwe zidzachitike m’dzikoli pa nthawiyo, tinganene kuti adzafunsa kuti: “Ndani angaimirire pamaso pawo?” Iwo mwina adzaganiza kuti palibe amene adzakhale wovomerezeka pamaso pa Yehova pa tsiku lake la chiweruzo. Koma maganizo amenewa adzakhala olakwika, monga mmene tionere m’buku la Chivumbulutsoli.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[[Bokosi/CHithunzi patsamba 105]

Anaoneratu Kuti Chaka cha 1914 Chidzakhala Chapadera

“Mu B.C. 606, ufumu wa Mulungu unatha, chisoti chachifumu chinachotsedwa ndipo dziko lonse lapansi linaperekedwa m’manja mwa anthu Akunja. Zaka 2520 kuyambira mu B.C. 606, zidzatha mu A.D. 1914.”f—The Three Worlds, lofalitsidwa mu 1877, tsamba 83.

“Ulosi wa m’Baibulo ukusonyeza momveka bwino ndiponso mwamphamvu kuti ‘Nthawi za Akunja’ ndi nyengo ya zaka 2520, kuyambira mu B.C. 606 mpaka mu A.D. 1914.”—Studies in the Scriptures, Volume 2, tsamba 79. Bukuli linalembedwa ndi C. T. Russell ndipo linafalitsidwa mu 1889.

Charles Taze Russell ndi ophunzira Baibulo anzake anazindikira kuti Nthawi za Akunja, kapena kuti nthawi zoikidwiratu za anthu a mitundu ina, zidzatha mu 1914. Iwo anazindikira zimenezi kutatsala zaka zambiri kuti chakachi chifike. (Luka 21:24) Ngakhale kuti iwo kalelo sankadziwa zonse zimene zidzachitike, ankakhulupirira kwambiri kuti chaka cha 1914 chidzakhala chapadera m’mbiri yonse ya dzikoli, ndipo zimene ankakhulupirirazo zinali zoona. Mwachitsanzo, taonani mawu otsatirawa, ochokera m’nyuzipepala inayake.

“Kuyambika kwa nkhondo yoopsa ku Ulaya kwakwaniritsa ulosi wochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Kwa zaka 25 zapitazi, ‘Ophunzira Baibulo a Padziko Lonse,’ amene amatchuka ndi dzina lakuti ‘Millennial Dawners,’ akhala akulengeza padziko lonse kuti Tsiku la Mkwiyo limene linaloseredwa m’Baibulo lidzafika m’chaka cha 1914. Iwo akhala akulengeza zimenezi kudzera mu ulaliki, m’mabuku ndiponso m’manyuzipepala. Alaliki awo amene amayenda m’madera osiyanasiyana akhala akuchenjeza mobwerezabwereza kuti, ‘Yembekezerani chaka cha 1914!’”—The World, nyuzipepala ya ku New York, ya pa August 30, 1914.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 106]

Zinthu Zinasintha M’chaka cha 1914

Buku lina limene linafalitsidwa mu 1987 ku Copenhagen, linanena mfundo yotsatirayi patsamba 40:

“Chikhulupiriro chimene anthu anali nacho m’zaka za m’ma 1800 chinathera mu 1914. Patangotsala chaka chimodzi kuti nkhondo iyambike, wolemba mbiri wina amenenso anali wandale wa ku Denmark, dzina lake Peter Munch, analemba motsimikiza kuti: ‘Pali umboni wamphamvu wosonyeza kuti nkhondo singayambe pakati pa mayiko amphamvu kwambiri a ku Ulaya. “Zizindikiro zimene zilipo zosonyeza kuti nkhondo ikhoza kuyamba” zidutsa ndipo sipachitika chilichonse, ngati mmene zakhala zikuchitikira kuyambira m’chaka cha 1871.’

“Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, munkhani yonena za moyo wake muli mfundo ina yakuti: ‘Kuyambika kwa nkhondo mu 1914 kunasintha zinthu kwambiri m’mbiri yonse ya anthu. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zinayamba bwino kwambiri m’nyengo imeneyi ndipo tinkagwira ntchito zathu mopanda mantha, zinthu zinasintha ndipo tinalowa m’nyengo yovuta, yoopsa, yachidani ndiponso yochititsa mantha. Palibe amene ankadziwa, ndipo ngakhale lero palibe amene akudziwa ngati mavuto amene anayamba pa nthawi imeneyo adzathe kapena ngati adzawonongeretu chikhalidwe chonse chimene anthu akhazikitsa pa zaka masauzande ambirimbiri.’”—Politikens Verdenshistorie—Historiens Magt og Mening (Mbiri Yadziko Lapansi—Mphamvu Komanso Tanthauzo la Mbiri, lolembedwa ndi Politiken).

[Chithunzi patsamba 110]

‘Phiri lililonse linachotsedwa m’malo ake’

[Chithunzi patsamba 111]

Anabisala m’mapanga5