Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 4—Numeri

Munyori: Mosesi

Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Renje naMapani aMoabhi

Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: 1473 B.C.E.

Nguva Yakafukidzwa: 1512-1473 B.C.E.

 1. Neiko zviitiko zvebhuku raNumeri zvakanyorwa, uye zvinorovererei patiri?

ZVINOITIKA zvorwendo rwomurenje rwavaIsraeri zvakanyorwa muBhaibheri nokuda kwebetserwo yedu nhasi.a Sokutaura kwakaita muapostora Pauro: “Zvino zvinhu izvi zvakava mienzaniso yedu, kuti isu tirege kuva vanhu vanoshuva zvinhu zvakaipa.” (1 VaK. 10:6, NW) Chinyorwa chakajeka chiri mubhuku raNumeri chinoroverera patiri kuti kupukunyuka kunotsamira pakutsvenesa zita raJehovha, kumuteerera mumigariro yose, uye kuratidza ruremekedzo nokuda kwavamiriri vake. Nyasha dzake hadziuyi nemhaka yorunako rwupi norwupi kana kuti fanirwo muvanhu vake asi nokuda kwengoni dzake huru nomutsa usakafanirwa.

 2. Zita rokuti Numeri rinonongedzera kuchii, asi vaJudha vakapa bhuku zitai rakakodzera zvikuru rokuremekedza?

² Zita rokuti Numeri rine nongedzero kukuverengwa kwavanhu kwakaitika pakutanga paGomo reSinai uye gare gare paMapani aMoabhi, sezvakanyorwa mumaganhuro 1-4 uye 26. Iri zita rakapfuudzirwa kubva muzita rokuremekedza rokuti Numeri muVulgate yechiLatin uye rinotorwa murinonzi A·rith·moiʹ muSeptuagint yechiGiriki. Zvisinei, vaJudha nomutoo wakakodzera zvikuru vanoidza bhuku kuti Bemidh·barʹ, iro rinoreva kuti “Murenje.” Shoko rechiHebheru midh·barʹ rinoratidzira nzvimbo yapamhene, isina maguta namataundi. Makanga muri murenje nechokumaodzanyemba uye nechokumabvazuva kweKanani umo zviitiko zvebhuku raNumeri zvakaitikira.

 3. Chii chinobvumikisa kuva munyori kwaMosesi webhuku raNumeri?

³ Bhuku raNumeri sezvinooneka rakanga riri rutivi rwamavhoriyamu mashanu apakuvamba aibatanidza mabhuku anovambira pana Genesi kusvikira kuna Dheuteronomio. Ndima yaro yokutanga inozarura neshoko rinobatanidza rokuti “uye,” ichiibatanidza nezvakaitika kare. Nokudaro, rinofanira kuve rakanyorwa naMosesi, munyori wezvinyorwa zvakatangirechi. Ikoku kwakajekawo kubva mukutaura kuri mubhuku iro “Mosesi akaramba achinyora,” uye kupfurikidza nemhedziso, “Iyi ndiyo mirayiro nezvisarudzo zvokutongwa izvo Jehovha akarayira kupfurikidza naMosesi.”—Num. 33:2; 36:13.

 4. Inhamboi yenguva inofukidzwa nebhuku raNumeri, uye bhuku rakapedzwa rini?

⁴ VaIsraeri vakanga vabva Egipita kwenguva inotipfuurei gore rimwe zvishoma. Achitanga kurondedzera mwedzi wechipiri wegore rechipiri pashure poKubuda, bhuku raNumeri rinofukidza makore 38 anotevera nemwedzi mipfumbamwe, kubva muna 1512 kusvikira kuna 1473 B.C.E. (Num. 1:1; Dheut. 1:3) Kunyange zvazvo zvisingakodzeri munhambo ino yenguva, zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa pana Numeri 7:1-88 uye 9:1-15 zvinobatanidzwa samashoko ehwaro. Zvikamu zvapakuvamba zvebhuku pasina panikiro zvakanyorwa sezvo zviitiko zvaiitika, asi kuri pamhene kuti Mosesi haati aigona kuve akapedza bhuku raNumeri kutozosvikira kumugumo kwegore rechi40 murenje, pakuvamba pegore rekarenda 1473 B.C.E.

 5. Mativii anopupurira huchokwadi hwebhuku raNumeri?

⁵ Panogona kusava nepanikiro pamusoro pouchokwadi hwenhoroondo. Pamusoro penyika yose yakaoma umo vakafamba, Mosesi akataura kuti yakanga iri “renje guru uye rinotyisa,” uye ndokwechokwadi kunyange nhasi kuti vagari vakapararira vanogarotama mukutsvaka mafuro nemvura. (Dheut. 1:19) Kupfuurirazve, mirayiridzo ine udzame pamusoro pokudzika misasa yorudzi, nhevedzano yokufamba, nezviratidzo zvehwamanda kuti zvidzore zvinhu zvomusasa zvinopupurira kuti nhoroondo zvirokwazvo yakanyorerwa mu“renje.”—Num. 1:1.

 6. Zviwanwa zvokuchera matongo zvinotsigira sei bhuku raNumeri?

⁶ Kunyange mushumo unotyisa wetsori apo idzo dzakadzoka parwendo rwadzo rwokupinda muKanani, wokuti “maguta akakombwa namasvingo makuru kwazvo,” unopupurirwa nokuchera matongo. (13:28) Zviwanwa zvomuzuva razvino uno zvakaratidza kuti vagari veKanani panguva iyeyo vakanga vakasimbisa misha yavo nenhevedzano yenhare dzinogura nyika munzvimbo dzinoverengeka, kubvira kuBani Rakaderera reJezirieri kuchamhembe kweGera kumaodzanyemba. Maguta akanga asina kungokombwa bedzi namasvingo asi aiwanzovakirwa pamusoro pezvikomo, ane shongwe dzakareba kupfuura masvingo awo, dzichiaita ave anoorora zvikurusa vanhu vakadai savaIsraeri, vakanga vagara kwezvizvarwa munyika yakatisandara yeEgipita.

 7. Bhuku raNumeri rine chiratidzoi chokutendeseka?

⁷ Marudzi enyika anodisa kuvanza kukundikana kwao uye kukudza rukundo rwao, asi nokutendeseka kunoratidzira zvokwadi yenhau, nhoroondo yebhuku raNumeri inotaura kuti Israeri akakundwa chose chose navaAmereki uye navaKanani. (14:45) Anobvuma zvakananga kuti vanhu vakabvumikisa kuva vasina kutenda uye vakazvidza Mwari. (14:11) Norutendeseko rwakatanhamara, muporofita waMwari Mosesi anoratidza zvivi zvorudzi, zvehama dzake, uye zvomukoma wake amene nehanzvadzi. Uyewo haazati achizvibvisa amene, nokuti anozivisa nezvenguva yaakakundikana kutsvenesa Jehovha apo mvura yakagoverwa paMeribha, zvokuti akarashikirwa neropafadzo yokupinda muNyika Yakapikirwa.—3:4; 12:1-15; 20:7-13.

 8. Vamwe vanyori veBhaibheri vanopupurira sei kufuridzirwa kwebhuku raNumeri?

⁸ Kuti nhoroondo rutivi chairwoirwo rwaMagwaro akafuridzirwa naMwari uye anobetsera kunopupurirwa neidi rokuti zvinodokuva zviitiko zvikuru zvayo zvose, pamwe chete noumwe udzame huzhinji, zvinonongedzerwa zvakananga navamwe vanyori veBhaibheri, vazhinji vavo vanotanhamarisa revo yazvo. Somuenzaniso, Joshua (Josh. 4:12; 14:2), Jeremia (2 Madz. 18:4), Nehemia (Neh. 9:19-22), Asafi (Pis. 78:14-41), Dhavhidhi (Pis. 95:7-11), Isaya (Isa. 48:21), Ezekieri (Ezek. 20:13-24), Hosea (Hos. 9:10), Amosi (Amos. 5:25), Mika (Mika 6:5), Ruka muchinyorwa chake chehurukuro yaStefano (Mabasa 7:36), Pauro (1 VaK. 10:1-11), Petro (2 Pet. 2:15, 16), Judhasi (Jud. 11), uye Johane mukunyora mashoko aJesu okuungano yePergamo (Zvak. 2:14), vose vanoshandisa chinyorwa chiri mubhuku raNumeri, sezvakaita Jesu Kristu amene.—Johane 3:14.

 9. Bhuku raNumeri rinosimbisei pamusoro paJehovha?

⁹ Ipapoka, bhuku raNumeri rinobatira chinangwai? Zvirokwazvo nhoroondo yake ndeyoukoshi hunopfuura hwokuva wenhau. Bhuku raNumeri rinosimbisa kuti Jehovha ndiMwari wenhevedzano, anoda kuzvipira kwapoga kwezvisikwa zvake. Ikoku kunorovererwa zvakajeka pandangariro yomuravi sezvaanocherekedza kuverengwa, kuedzwa, nokusefiwa kwaIsraeri ndokuona kuti nzira yokusateerera neyorupanduko yorudzi inoshandiswa sei kusimbisa chinodikanwa chinokosha chokuteerera Jehovha.

10. Bhuku raNumeri rakachengeterwa betsero yavanaani, uye nei?

¹⁰ Chinyorwa chakachengetwa nokuda kwebetsero yezvizvarwa zvinouya, kungofanana nokutsanangura kwakaita Asafi, “kuti vaise chivimbo chavo muna Mwari amene uye varege kukanganwa zviito zvaMwari asi vachengete mirayiro yake amene” uye kuti “ivo havafaniri kuva vakafanana namadzibaba avo, chizvarwa chine chisimbwa nechinopanduka, chizvarwa chakanga chisina kugadzirira mwoyo wacho uye mudzimu wavo wakanga usina kutendeka kuna Mwari.” (Pis. 78:7, 8, NW) Mukudzokororwa zvadzokororwazve, zviitiko zvebhuku raNumeri zvakarondedzerwa mumaPisarema, ayo aiva nziyo dzinoyera pakati pavaJudha nokudaro dzaiwanzodzokororwa sedziri dzinobetsera kurudzi.—Mapisarema 78, 95, 105, 106, 135, 136.

ZVIRI MUBHUKU RANUMERI

11. Zviri mubhuku raNumeri zvingakamuranisirwa mumativii matatu?

¹¹ Bhuku raNumeri nomutoo une mufungo rinova mativi matatu. Rokutanga raiwawa, rinogumira paganhuro 10, ndima 10, rinofukidza zviitiko zvaiitika apo vaIsraeri vakanga vachiri mumisasa paGomo reSinai. Rutivi runotevera, runoguma neganhuro 21, rinoudza zvakaitika mukati mamakore 38 akatevera nomwedzi kana kuti mimwe miviri, apo vaiva murenje uye kutozosvikira vasvika paMapani eMoabhi. Rutivi rwokupedzisira, kusvikira kuganhuro 36, rune chokuita nezviitiko paMapani eMoabhi sezvo vaIsraeri vanogadzirira kupinda kwavo muNyika Yakapikirwa.

12. Musasa wavaIsraeri wakakura zvakadini paSinai, uye musasa wakarongwa sei?

¹² Zviitiko paGomo reSinai (1:1–10:10). VaIsraeri vatove vari munzvimbo yamakomo yeSinai kwerinenge gore rimwe. Pano vakaumbwa kuva sangano rakasanobatana. Pakurayira kwaJehovha kuverengwa kunoitwa zvino kwavarume vose vane makore 20 okukura uye kupfuura. Ndudzi dzinowanwa kuva dzinovambira muukuru hunobvira pavarume vakasimba vane 32 200 muna Manase kusvikira kuvane 74 600 muna Judha, kuchiita hwerengedzo yose yavarume vane 603 550 vanokwaniriswa kubatira muhondo yaIsraeri, kunze kwavaRevhi navakadzi navana—zvichida musasa wavanosvika mamiriyoni matatu kana kuti kupfuura. Tende rokusonganira, pamwe chete navaRevhi, zviri pakati pomusasa. Munzvimbo dzakagoverwa kurutivi rumwe nerumwe muna vamwe vaIsraeri vakadzika misasa, muzvikamu zvendudzi nhatu, ndudzi imwe neimwe ine mirayiridzo pamusoro pomurayiro wokufamba apo musasa unofanira kutama. Jehovha anobudisa mirayiridzo, uye chinyorwa chinoti: “Vanakomana vaIsraeri vakapfuurira kuita mukuwirirana neizvo zvose Jehovha akanga arayira Mosesi.” (2:34, NW) Vanoteerera Jehovha uye vanoratidzira ruremekedzo nokuda kwaMosesi, mumiriri anooneka waMwari.

13. VaRevi vanogoverwa kubasa mukuwirirana negadziriroi?

¹³ VaRevhi ipapo vanotsaurwa nokuda kwebasa raJehovha, sorudzikinuro nokuda kwamatangwe aIsraeri. Vanokamuranisirwa mumapoka matatu, mukuwirirana nedzinza ravo rinobva muvanakomana vatatu vaRevhi: Gershoni, Kohati, uye Merari. Nzvimbo mumusasa nemitoro yebasa zvinosarudzwa pahwaro hwouku kukamuraniswa. Kubvira pamakore 30 okukura zvichienda mberi, ivo vanofanira kuita basa rinorema rokutakura tabhenakeri. Kuita kuti basa rakareruka zvikuru riitwe, gadziriro inoitwa kuti vamwe vabatire, kutangira pamakore 25 okukura. (Iyoyi yakaderedzwa munguva yaDhavhidhi kusvikira kumakore 20 okukura.)—1 Mako. 23:24-32; Ezra 3:8.

14. Mirayiridzoi inopiwa kuvimbisa rucheno rwomusasa?

¹⁴ Kuti musasa ugochengetwa wakachena, mirayiridzo inopiwa nokuda kwokusengudza avo vanotapurwa nehosha, nokuda kwokuita yananisiro nokuda kwezviito zvokusatendeka, nokuda kwokupedza mhaka umo murume anonyumwira mufambiro womudzimai wake, uye nokuda kwokuvimbisa mufambiro wakarurama waavo vanotsaurwa kupfurikidza nemhiko kuti vararame savaNaziri kuna Jehovha. Sezvo vanhu vachifanira kuva nezita raMwari wavo pavari, vanofanira kuzvibata vamene mukuwirirana nemirayiro yake.

15. (a) Mukuwirirana nokugadzwa kweatari, mipiroi yakaitwa? (b) Israeri anofanira kuyeuka ukamai, uye Paseka inofanira kuyeuchidza nezvechii?

¹⁵ Achizadza humwe udzame hunobva mumwedzi wakapfuura (Num. 7:1, 10; Eks. 40:17), Mosesi anotevera kuudza nezvemipiro yezvinhu yakaitwa namachinda 12 avanhu kwenhambo yamazuva 12 kubvira panguva yokugadzwa kweatari. Pakanga pasina makwikwi kana kuti kutsvaka kuzvikudza makuri; mumwe nomumwe akapa chaizvoizvo izvo vamwe vakaita. Vose zvino vanofanira kurangarira kuti pamusoro pamachinda iwawa, uye pamusoro paMosesi amene, pana Jehovha Mwari, anotaura mirayiridzo kuna Mosesi. Havatongofaniri kukanganwa ukama hwavo naJehovha. Paseka inofanira kuvayeuchidza nezverununuro runoshamisa rwaJehovha kubva muEgipita, uye vanoichengeta muno murenje panguva yakagadzwa, gore rimwe pashure pokusiya Egipita.

16. Jehovha anotungamirira sei rudzi, uye zviratidzoi zvehwamanda zvinogadzirwa?

¹⁶ Nenzira imwe cheteyo iyo iye anga arayira kubuda kwaIsraeri muEgipita, Jehovha anopfuurira kutungamirira rudzi munzendo dzarwo kupfurikidza negore rinofukidza tabhenakeri yetende reChipupuriro pamasikati uye pakuoneka kwomwoto ipapo pausiku. Apo gore rinofamba, rudzi runofamba. Apo gore rinoramba riri pamusoro petabhenakeri, rudzi runoramba rwakadzika misasa, kungava kwamazuva mashomanene kana kuti mwedzi mumwe kana kuti kupfuura, nokuti nhoroondo inotiudza, kuti: “Pakuraira kwaJehovha ivo vaidzika misasa, uye pakuraira kwaJehovha ivo vaibva. Vaichengeta musengwa wavo kuna Jehovha pakuraira kwaJehovha kupfurikidza naMosesi.” (Num. 9:23, NW) Sezvo nguva yokubva paSinai inoswedera pedyo, zviratidzo zvehwamanda zvinogadzirirwa mose muri muviri kuunganidza vanhu uye kutungamirira zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvomusasa parwendo rwavo rwomurenje.

17. Rondedzera muitiro wokufamba.

¹⁷ Zviitiko murenje (10:11–21:35). Pakupedzisira, pazuva rechi20 romwedzi wechipiri, Jehovha anosimudza gore kubva pamusoro petabhenakeri, nokudaro achiratidzira kubva kwaIsraeri panzvimbo yeSinai. Neareka yesungano yaJehovha iri pakati pavo, vanotanga kuenda Kadheshi-bhanea, makiromita 240 kuchamhembe. Zvavanofamba pamasikati, gore raJehovha riri pamusoro pavo. Nguva imwe neimwe panobuda Areka, Mosesi anonyengetera kuna Jehovha kuti asimuke ndokuparadzira vavengi vake, uye nguva imwe neimwe yainozorora, iye anonyengetera kuti Jehovha adzoke “kuzviuru zvine gumi zvezviuru zvaIsraeri.”—10:36.

18. Kunyunyutai kunotanga pakuenda Kadheshi-bhanea, uye Jehovha anogadziridza sei muitiro woubati ushe hwaMwari mumusasa?

¹⁸ Zvisinei, dambudziko rinomuka mumusasa. Parwendo rwokuenda kuchamhembe kuKadheshi-bhanea, pane dzinenge nhambo nhatu dzokunyunyuta. Kunyaradza kupanduka kwokutanga, Jehovha anotuma mwoto kuti uparadze vamwe vavanhu. Ipapo “boka ravazhinjizhinji” rakaparira Israeri kuti acheme kuti ivo havachinazve zvokudya zvakadai sehove, magaka, manwiwa, mariki, hanyanisi, uye gariki zveEgipita, asi mana bedzi. (11:4) Mosesi anotambudzika zvikuru zvokuti anokumbira Jehovha kuti amuuraye panokumurega achipfuurira somupepirume kuna ava vanhu vose. Nomutoo wokurangarira, Jehovha anobvisa mumwe womudzimu pana Mosesi ndokuuisa pavane 70 vavarume vakuru, vanopfuurira kuyamura Mosesi savaporofita mumusasa. Ipapo nyama inouya yakawanda. Sezvakanga zvamboitika kare, mhepo inobva kuna Jehovha inovhuvhutira zvihuta zvinobva mugungwa, uye vanhu namakaro vanobata migove mikuru, nomutoo woudyire vachiichengeta. Kutsamwa kwaJehovha kunomukira vanhu, achiuraya vazhinji nemhaka yokukara kwoudyire.—Eks. 16:2, 3, 13.

19. Jehovha anobata sei nokuwanira mhaka kwaMiriami naAroni?

¹⁹ Matambudziko anopfuurira. Vachikundikana kurangarira nomutoo wakakodzera munin’ina wavo, Mosesi, somumiriri waJehovha, Miriami naAroni vanomuwanira mhaka pamusoro pomudzimai wake, uyo achangobva kupinda mumusasa. Vanorayira chiremera chikuru, chakaenzana nechecho chaMosesi, kunyange zvazvo “munhu Mosesi akanga ari munyorosa zvikuru kupinda varume vose vakanga vari pamusoro penyika.” (Num. 12:3, NW) Jehovha amene anoruramisa nhau uye anoita kuti kuzivikanwe kuti Mosesi ane nzvimbo chaiyo, achirovanya Miriami, uyo sezvinobvira akanga ari muvambi wokunyunyuta, namaperembudzi. Iye akapora gare gare kupfurikidza bedzi nokureverera kwaMosesi.

20, 21. Zviitikoi zvinomutsa murau waJehovha wokuti vaIsraeri vanofanira kudzungaira murenje makore 40?

²⁰ Achisvika paKadheshi, Israeri anodzika misasa pachikumbaridzo cheNyika Yakapikirwa. Jehovha zvino anorayiridza Mosesi kutumira tsori kundosora nyika. Dzichipinda nokumaodzanyemba, dzinoenda kuchamhembe kusvikira pa“rupindo rweHamati,” dzichifamba mazana amakiromita mumazuva 40. (13:21) Apo idzo dzinodzoka nemimwe yemichero yakaisvonaka yeKanani, vane gumi vetsori mukusava nokutenda vanotaura kuti hungava hufuza kukwira kundorwisana norudzi rwakasimba kwazvo namaguta akakombwa namasvingo kudaro. Karebhi anoedza kunyaradza ungano nomushumo wakanaka, asi pasina budiriro. Tsori dzinopanduka dzinoparira rutyo mumwoyo yavaIsraeri, dzichitaura nyika kuva imwe ino“pedza vagari vayo” uye dzichiti, “Vanhu vose vatakaona pakati payo varume vakakura kwazvo.” Kunyunyuta kwokupanduka zvakwakanguruma mumusasa wose, Joshua naKarebhi vakataura kuti, “Jehovha unesu. Musavatya.” (13:32; 14:9, NW) Zvisinei, ungano yakavamba kutaura nezvokuvataka namabwe.

²¹ Ipapo Jehovha akapindira zvakananga, achitaura kuna Mosesi, kuti: “Vanhu ava vachandizvidza kusvikira riniko, uye vacharega kunditenda kusvikira riniko nokuda kwezviratidzo zvose zvandakaita pakati pavo?” (14:11, NW) Mosesi anomuteterera kuti arege kuuraya rudzi, sezvo zita nomukurumbira zvaJehovha zvichibatanidzwa. Naizvozvo Jehovha anorayira kuti Israeri anofanira kupfuurira kudzungaira murenje kutozosvikira avo vose vakanyorwa pakati pavanhu, kubvira pamakore 20 okukura kusvikira kumusoro, vafa. Pavanhurume vakanyorwa, Karebhi naJoshua bedzi vachabvumidzwa kupinda muNyika Yechipikirwa. Mukusava namaturo vanhu vanoedza kukwira pakuzvitangira kwavo vamene, kungondotambura kukurirwa kwakaipa kwakaitwa navaAmareki navaKanani. Vanhu vakarashikirwa zvikuru zvakadini nemhaka yokuzvidza kwavo Jehovha navamiriri vake vanovimbika!

22. Ukoshi hwokuteerera hunosimbiswa munzirai?

²² Zvirokwazvo, vane zvizhinji zvokudzidza munzira yokuteerera. Nomutoo wakakodzera, Jehovha anovapa mitemo yewedzero inotanhamarisa ichi chinodikanwa. Anovaita kuti vazive kuti apo ivo vanopinda muNyika Yakapikirwa, yananisiro inofanira kuitwa nokuda kwezvikanganiso, asi kusateerera kwoune kunofanira kugurwa pasina kundikano. Nokudaro, apo munhu anowanwa achiunganidza huni mukuputswa kwomutemo weSabata, Jehovha anorayira, kuti: “Pasina kundikano munhu anofanira kuurawa.” (15:35, NW) Sechiyeuchidzo chemirayiro yaJehovha noukoshi hwokuiteerera, Jehovha anorayiridza kuti vanhu vapfeke nguvo dzavo dzine mipendero.

23. Chii chiri mugumisiro worupanduko rwaKora, Dhatani, uye Abhirami?

²³ Hunyanguvezvo, rupanduko runotangazve. Kora, Dhatani, Abhirami, navarume vakatanhamara vane 250 veungano vanoungana mukushora chiremera chaMosesi naAroni. Mosesi anoisa nhau kuna Jehovha, achitaura kuna vapanduki kuti: ‘Torai haryana nezvinonhuwira muzviise pamberi paJehovha, uye regai iye asarudze.’ (16:6, 7) Mbiri yaJehovha zvino inooneka kuungano yose. Nokukurumidza iye anoita rutongeso, achiparira pasi kupamuka kuti rimedze mhuri yaKora, yaDhatani, neyaAbhirami, uye kutumira mwoto kuti upedze varume 250, kubatanidza naKora, vanopira zvinonhuwira. Zuva rakatevera racho, vanhu vanovamba kushora Mosesi naAroni nemhaka yeizvo Jehovha akaita, uyezve Iye akavarovanya, achiparadza vanyunyuti vane 14 700.

24. Jehovha anoita chiratidzoi kuti agumise rupanduko?

²⁴ Nemhaka yeizvi zviitiko, Jehovha anorayira kuti ndudzi imwe neimwe ipe tsvimbo pamberi pake, kubatanidza tsvimbo ine zita raAroni nokuda kwendudzi yaRevhi. Zuva rinotevera Aroni anoratidzwa kuva akasarudzwa naJehovha nokuda kwouprista, nokuti tsvimbo yake oga inowanwa kuva yatumbuka maruva zvizere uye ine maamanda akaibva. Inofanira kuchengetwa muareka yesungano “nokuda kwechiratidzo kuvanakomana vokupanduka.” (Num. 17:10; VaH. 9:4) Pashure pemimwezve mirayiridzo nokuda kwokutsigirwa kwouprista kupfurikidza nezvegumi uye pamusoro pokushandiswa kwemvura yokuchenesa namarota etsiru dzvuku, nhoroondo yacho inotidzorera kuKadheshi. Pano Miriami anofa uye anovigwa.

25. Mosesi naAroni vanokundikana sei kutsvenesa Jehovha, uye nomugumisiroi?

²⁵ Zvakare pachikumbaridzo cheNyika Yechipikirwa ungano inopopotera Mosesi nokuda kwokushaikwa kwemvura. Jehovha anokurangarira sokupopotera Iye, uye Iye anooneka mumbiri Yake, achiraira Mosesi kuti atore tsvimbo ndokubudisa mvura paruware. Mosesi naAroni zvino vanotsvenesa Jehovha here? Panzvimbo pakwo, Mosesi anorova kaviri ruware mukutsamwa. Vanhu nezvipfuyo zvavo vanowana mvura yokunwa, asi Mosesi naAroni vanokundikana kupa mbiri kuna Jehovha. Kunyange zvazvo rwendo rwomurenje rwunoodza mwoyo rwava kudokupera, vose vari vaviri vanoparira kutsamwa kwaJehovha uye vanoudzwa kuti havazopindi muNyika Yechipikirwa. Aroni anofa gare gare paGomo reHori, uye mwanakomana wake Ereazari anotora misengwa yomuprista mukuru.

26. Zviitikoi zvinoratidzira nzira inotenderera Edhomi?

²⁶ Israeri anotendeukira kumabvazuva uye anotsvaka kupfuura nomunyika yeEdhomi asi anodziviswa. Vachingunotora nzira refu inopoterera Edhomi, vanhu vanopinda mune rimwe dambudzikozve sezvavanonyunyutira Mwari naMosesi. Ivo vaneta nemana, uye vava nenyota. Nemhaka yokupanduka kwavo Jehovha anotuma nyoka dzine uturu pakati pavo, zvokuti vanhu vazhinji vanofa. Pakupedzisira, apo Mosesi anopindira, Jehovha anomurayiridza kuita nyoka yendarira yomwoto ndokuiisa padanda rechiratidzo. Avo varumwa asi vanoringa kunyoka yendarira vanoponeswa. Vachinanga kuchamhembe, vaIsraeri vanodziviswawo, namambo anodenha Sihoni wavaAmori naOgi weBhashani. Israeri anokunda vose vari vaviri vaivava muhondo, uye Israeri anogara mumaruwa avo kumabvazuva kwoMupata weRifiti.

27. Jehovha anodzora sei rongedzero dzaBharaki pamusoro paBharami?

²⁷ Zviitiko paMipata yaMoabhi (22:1–36:13). Mukariro yomwoyo wose yokupinda kwavo muKanani, vaIsraeri zvino vaungana pamipata yegwenga yaMoabhi, kuchamhembe kweGungwa Rakafa uye kumabvazuva kweJoridhani mhiri kweJeriko. Vachiona uyu musasa mukurusa wakapararira pamberi pavo, vaMoabhi vanovhunduka. Mambo wavo Bharaki, mukubvunza vaMidhia, anodana Bharami kuti ashandise kuuka uye kuisa shurikidzo pavaIsraeri. Kunyange zvazvo Mwari achiudza Bharami zvakananga kuti, “Haufaniri kuenda navo,” iye anoda kuenda. (22:12) Anoda mubairo. Pakupedzisira anoenda chaizvo, kungondomiswa bedzi nengirozi uye kuti mbongorokadzi yake amene itaure nomutoo wenenji kumutuka. Kuzoti pakupedzisira apo Bharami anosvika pakuita zvirevo pamusoro paIsraeri, mudzimu waMwari unomugombedzera, zvokuti kutaura kwake kuna kwezvirevo kunoporofita bedzi zvikomborero nokuda kworudzi rwaMwari, kunyange kudeya kutaura kuti nyeredzi yaizobuda muna Jakobho uye tsvimbo yaizomuka muna Israeri kuti ibate ushe uye iparadze.

28. Musungoi wamanomano unounzwa pana Israeri pachikarakadzo chaBharami, asi denda rinogumiswa sei?

²⁸ Atsamwisa Bharaki nokukundikana kwake kutuka Israeri, Bharami zvino anotsvaka ngoni dzakanaka dzamambo kupfurikidza nokukarakadza kuti vaMoabhi vashandise vanhukadzi vavo vamene kunyengedza varume vaIsraeri mumiitiro yakashata inobatanidzwa mukunamatwa kwaBhaari. (31:15, 16) Pano, pamucheto chaipo peNyika Yakapikirwa, vaIsraeri vanovamba kutsaukira kuutere hwakashata uye kunamatwa kwavamwari venhema. Sezvo kutsamwa kwaJehovha kunodya marasha mudenda, Mosesi anodanira chirango chikurusa chavatadzi. Finiyasi mwanakomana wemupristi mukuru paakaona rimwe jinda richiuya mumusasa nemukadzi wechiMidhiyani, rikamupinza mutende rake, akabva avatevera akavauraya, uye mukadzi wacho akamubaya nepadumbu. Pana ikoku, denda rinogumiswa, asi pashure pokunge vane 24 000 vafa naro.

29. (a) Chii chinoziviswa nokuverenga pakupera kwegore rechi40? (b) Igadziriroi inoitwa zvino yokupinda muNyika Yechipikirwa?

²⁹ Jehovha zvino anorayira Mosesi naEreazari kuverengazve vanhu, sezvakanga zvamboitwa anenge makore 39 pakutanga-tanga paGomo reSinai. Kuverenga kwokupedzisira kunoratidza kuti pave pane wedzero mumarudzi avo. Mukupesana, kuna varume vashomanene vane 1 820 vakanyorwa. Hapana vanosara vakanyorwa paSinai nokuda kwebasa rehondo, kunze kwaJoshua naKarebhi bedzi. Sezvo Jehovha akanga aratidzira kuti zvaizoitika, ivo vose vakanga vafira murenje. Jehovha anotevera kupa mirayiridzo pamusoro pokukamuraniswa kwenyika senhaka. Anodzokorora kuti Mosesi haazopindi muNyika Yechipikirwa nemhaka yokukundikana kwake kutsvenesa Jehovha pamvura dzeMeribha. (20:13; 27:14, NW, mashoko omuzasi) Joshua anogadzwa somutsivi waMosesi.

30. Nhau navaMidhia inogadzikiswa sei, uye mugovei wamaruwa unoitwa mabvazuva aJoridhani?

³⁰ Kupfurikidza naMosesi, Jehovha anotevera kuyeuchidza Israeri nezvoukoshi hwemitemo Yake pamusoro pezvibayiro nemitambo neyoukombi hwemhiko. Anoitawo kuti Mosesi agadzikise nhau navaMidhia nokuda kworutivi rwavo mukunyengedza Israeri pamusoro paBhaari wePoeri. Vanhurume vose vechiMidhia vanourawa muhondo, pamwe chete naBharami, uye mhandara bedzi dzinoponeswa, 32 000 dzadzo dzichiendeswa muutapwa pamwe chete nezvakapambwa zvinobatanidza mhuka dzine 808 000. Hapana nomumwe muIsraeri anoshumwa kuva anoshaikwa muhondo. Vanakomana vaRubheni navaGadhi, vanopfuya zvipfuyo, vanokumbira kugara muruwa rwokumabvazuva kwaJoridhani, uye pashure pokunge vabvuma kubetsera mukukurira Nyika Yakapikirwa, mukumbiro unobvumwa, zvokuti idzi ndudzi mbiri, pamwe chete nehafu yendudzi yaManase, dzinopiwa iyi nyika yakaorera yakatisandara senhaka yavo.

31. (a) Pakupinda munyika, Israeri anofanira kupfuurira sei kuratidza kuteerera? (b) Mirayiridzoi inopiwa pamusoro penhaka dzendudzi?

³¹ Pashure pehwirudzuro yenzvimbo dzokumira parwendo rwamakore 40, chinyorwa chinorereudzirazve ngwariro pachinodikanwa chokuteerera Jehovha. Mwari ari kuvapa nyika, asi vanofanira kuva vaurayi Vake, vachidzinga vagari vakashata, vanonamata madhemoni uye kuparadza chisaririra chiri chose chokupedzisira chorudzidziso rwavo rwenhema. Miganhu ine udzame hwakajeka yenyika yavo yakapiwa naMwari inotaurwa. Inofanira kukamuraniswa pakati pavo kupfurikidza nomujenya. VaRevhi, vasina nhaka yorudzi, vanofanira kupiwa maguta 48 ane nzvimbo yawo yamafuro, matanhatu aiwawa achiva maguta outiziro omuurayi asati ari wamaune. Ruwa runofanira kuramba ruri mukati merudzi, rusingatongochinjirwi kune imwe ndudzi kupfurikidza neroorano. Kana pasina mudyi wenhaka womunhurume, ipapo vanasikana vanogamuchira nhaka—somuenzaniso, vanasikana vaZerofehadhi—vanofanira kuroorwa mukati mendudzi yavo vamene. (27:1-11; 36:1-11) Bhuku raNumeri rinogumisa neiyi mitemo yaJehovha yakapiwa kupfurikidza naMosesi uye nevanakomana vaIsraeri vagadzirira pakupedzisira kupinda muNyika Yechipikirwa.

CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA

32. Jesu nechibayiro chake zvinofananidzirwa munzirai mubhuku raNumeri?

³² Jesu akanongedzera kubhuku raNumeri panhambo dzinoverengeka, uye vaapostora navamwe vanyori veBhaibheri vanosanoratidzira kuti chinyorwa chake chine revo sei uye chinobetsera sei. Zvikurukuru muapostora Pauro akaenzanisira basa rokutendeka raJesu nerero raMosesi, iro rakanyorwa zvikurukuru mubhuku raNumeri. (VaH. 3:1-6) Muzvibayiro zvemhuka nomukusaswa kwamarota etsiru dzvuku zvebhuku raNumeri 19:2-9, tinoona zvakare kuchifananidzirwa gadziriro huru zvikurusa nokuda kwokuchenesa kupfurikidza nechibayiro chaKristu.—VaH. 9:13, 14.

33. Neiko kubudiswa kwemvura murenje kuri kwefariro kwatiri nhasi?

³³ Nenzira yakafanana, Pauro akaratidza kuti kubudiswa kwemvura paruware murenje kuzerwe nerevo nokuda kwedu, achiti: “Vaisinwa paruware rwomudzimu rwaivatevera, uye ruware irworwo rwaireva Kristu.” (1 VaK. 10:4, NW; Num. 20:7-11) Nomutoo wakakodzera, akanga ari Kristu amene akataura, kuti: “Aninaani unonwa mvura yandichamupa haazotongonzwizve nyota, asi mvura yandichamupa ichava maari tsime remvura inovhaira kuti ipe upenyu husingaperi.”—Joh. 4:14, NW.

34. Jesu akaratidza sei kuti nyoka yendarira yakanga ine revo youporofita?

³⁴ Jesu akaitawo nongedzero yakananga kuchinoitika chakanyorwa mubhuku raNumeri icho chakadeya kufananidzira gadziriro inoshamisa iyo Mwari akanga achiita kupfurikidza naye. “Kungofanana naMosesi akasimudza nyoka murenje,” akataura kudaro, “naizvozvowo Mwanakomana womunhu anofanira kusimudzwa, kuti munhu ari wose anodavira maari agova noupenyu husingaperi.”—Joh. 3:14, 15, NW; Num. 21:8, 9.

35. (a) MaKristu anofanira kudzivisei, sezvinoenzanisirwa navaIsraeri murenje, uye nei? (b) Mutsamba dzavo, Judhasi naPetro vakanongedzera kumienzanisoi yamakaro norupanduko?

³⁵ Neiko vaIsraeri vakatongerwa kudzungaira kwamakore 40 murenje? Nokuda kwokushaiwa kutenda. Muapostora Pauro akapa zano rine simba pane iri pfundo: “Ngwarirai, hama, nokuda kwokutyira kuti mukati momunhu upi noupi wenyu mungamuka mwoyo wakaipa unoshaiwa kutenda kupfurikidza nokutsauka kubva kuna Mwari mupenyu; asi rambai muchirayirana zuva rimwe nerimwe.” Nemhaka yokusateerera kwavo uye nokuda kwokusatendeka kwavo, vaIsraeri ivavo vakafira murenje. “Naizvozvo ngatiitei napatinogona napo kuti tipinde muzororo [raMwari], nokuda kwokutyira kuti munhu upi noupi angawira mumutoo mumwe chetewo wokusateerera.” (VaH. 3:7–4:11, NW; Num. 13:25–14:38) Mukunyevera pamusoro pavanhu vasina umwari vanotaura zvakaipa pamusoro pezvinhu zvitsvene, Judhasi akanongedzera kumakaro aBharami nokuda kwetuso uye kukutaura kwokupandukira kwaKora Mosesi mubatiri waJehovha. (Judhasi 11; Num. 22:7, 8, 22; 26:9, 10) Bharami akanongedzerwawo naPetro souyo “akada tuso yechakaipa,” uye naJesu akapiwa mbiri muchizaruro kupfurikidza naJohane souyo ano‘isa pamberi paIsraeri chigumburiso chokunamata zvifananidzo noufeve.’ Zvirokwazvo ungano yechiKristu nhasi inofanira kunyeverwa pamusoro pavanhu vasiri voutsvene vakadaro.—2 Pet. 2:12-16, NW; Zvak. 2:14.

36. Pauro akanyevera pamusoro pezvinhui zvakaipa, uye isu nhasi tingabetserwa sei nezano rake?

³⁶ Apo utere hwakamuka muungano yeKorinte, Pauro akavanyorera pamusoro po“kushuva zvinhu zvakaipa,” achinongedzera zvikurukuru kubhuku raNumeri. Akapa zano, kuti: “Ngatirege kuita ufeve, sezvo vamwe vavo vakaita ufeve, kungoti bedzi vawe, zviuru zvina makumi matatu nezvitatu zvavo muzuva rimwe.” (1 VaK. 10:6, 8, NW; Num. 25:1-9; 31:16)b Zvakadiniko nenhambo apo vanhu vakanyunyuta kuti kuteerera mirayiro yaMwari kwakaparira chitambudzo chomunhu oga uye kuti vakanga vasingagutsikani negadziriro yaJehovha yemana? Pamusoro paikoku, Pauro anoti: “Ngatiregei kuedza Jehovha, sezvo vamwe vavo vakamuedza, kungoti bedzi vaparadzwe nenyoka.” (1 VaK. 10:9, NW; Num. 21:5, 6) Ipapo Pauro anopfuurira, kuti: “Murege kun’un’una, kungofanana navamwe vavo vakan’un’una, kungoti bedzi vaparadzwe nomuparadzi.” Zvinorwadza sei zviitiko zvaIsraeri somugumisiro wokun’un’unira Jehovha, vamiriri vake, uye gadziriro dzake! Izvi zvinhu izvo zva“kapfuurira kuvawira semienzaniso” zvinofanira kugara senyevero yakajeka kunesu tose nhasi, kuti tigopfuurira kubatira Jehovha mukukwana kwokutenda.—1 VaK. 10:10, 11, NW; Num. 14:2, 36, 37; 16:1-3, 41; 17:5, 10.

37. Enzanisira kuti bhuku raNumeri rinotibetsera sei kunzwisisa zvimwe zvikamu zvamashoko zveBhaibheri.

³⁷ Bhuku raNumeri rinogoverawo hwaro apo zvimwe zvikamu zvizhinji zveBhaibheri zvinogona kunzwisiswa zviri nani pahuri.—Num. 28:9, 10—Mat. 12:5; Num. 15:38—Mat. 23:5; Num. 6:2-4—Ruka 1:15; Num. 4:3—Ruka 3:23; Num. 18:31—1 VaK. 9:13, 14; Num. 18:26—VaH. 7:5-9; Num. 17:8-10—VaH. 9:4.

38. Bhuku raNumeri rinobetsera munzirai dzakati, uye rinorereudzira ngwariro yedu kuchii?

³⁸ Zvakanyorwa mubhuku raNumeri zvamazvirokwazvo zvakafuridzirwa naMwari, uye zvinobetsera mukutidzidzisa ukoshi hwokuteerera Jehovha uye ruremekedzo nokuda kwaavo vaakaita vatariri pakati pavanhu vake. Kupfurikidza nomuenzaniso, rinotsiura chakaipa, uye kupfurikidza nezviitiko zvine revo youporofita, rinorereudzira ngwariro yedu kuno Uyo Jehovha akagovera soMuponesi noMutungamiri wavanhu Vake nhasi. Anogovera batano iri inokosha neinorairidza muchinyorwa chinotungamirira kukugadzwa kwoUmambo hwakarurama hwaJehovha musimba raJesu Kristu, uyo Iye akagadza soMureveri noMuprista Mukuru.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]