Kureururwa Kwezvivi—Inzira Yomunhu Kana Kuti yaMwari Here?
PAKATI pavaKaturike, kureurura kwakachinja zvikuru mumazana amakore apfuura. Mumakore apakuvamba eChechi yeKaturike, kureurura nechirango zvaidikanwa bedzi nokuda kwezvivi zvakakomba. Pamusoro paikoku, bhuku rinonzi Religion in the Medieval West rinoti: “Kutozosvikira pakupera kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu muitiro wechirango wakanga une hasha zvikuru: sakaramende raigona kupiwa kamwe bedzi munduramo, kureurura kwaiva kwapachena, chirango chakanga chiri chirefu uye chakakomba.”
Chirango chakadaro chakanga chakakomba sei? Muna 1052 mumwe anopfidza akadikanirwa kufamba asina shangu kubva Bruges muBelgium kuenda kuJerusarema! “VaKaturike vaigona kuwanwa muna 1700 pamatsime matsvene nezvitubu, vachipfugama kusvikira kumitsipa yavo mumvura inotonhora kuti vataure minyengetero yavo yokupfidza,” rinoreva kudaro bhuku rinonzi Christianity in the West 1400-1700. Sezvo panguva iyoyo kanganwiro yainyimwa kutozosvikira pashure pokupedzwa kwechirango, vazhinji vainonotsa kureurura kwavo kutozosvikira vava kufa.
Muitiro wazvino uno wokureurura wakavamba rini? Religion in the Medieval West rinoti: “Chimiro chitsva chechirango chakatangwa muFrance mukupera kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu namamonk eCelt. . . . Ikoku kwakanga kuri kureurura munzeve, umo anopfidza aireurura zvivi zvake pachivande kumuprista, uye kwakanga kuri kugamuchira kwomuitiro wamamonk wokupa zano kwomudzimu.” Mukuwirirana nomuitiro wekare zvikuru wamamonk, mamonk aireurura zvivi zvawo kuno mumwe nomumwe kuti awane betsero yomudzimu kuti akurire utera hwawo. Mukureurura kutsva zvikuru munzeve, zvisinei, chechi yaipa muprista “simba kana kuti chiremera chokukanganwira zvivi” chikuru zvikuru kwazvo.—New Catholic Encyclopedia.
Ko Jesu akapa chaizvoizvo vamwe vavateveri vake simba rakadaro here? Chii chaakataura icho chakatungamirira vamwe kuiyi mhedziso?
“Kiyi dzoUmambo”
Pane imwe nguva, Jesu Kristu akaudza muapostora Petro, kuti: “Ndichakupa kiyi dzoumambo hwedenga: chipi nechipi chaunosunga pasi pano chicharangarirwa kuva chakasungwa mudenga; chipi kana chipi chaunosunungura pasi pano chicharangarirwa kuva chakasunungurwa mudenga.” (Mateo 16:19, The Jerusalem Bible) Chii chakareva Jesu ne“kiyi dzoumambo”? Tinogona kunzwisisa ikoku zviri nani kana tikatarira pane imwe nguva apo Jesu akashandisa shoko rokuti “kiyi.”
Jesu akamboudza vatungamiriri vorudzidziso vechiJudha nyanzvi muMutemo waMosesi, kuti: “Mune nhamo imi magweta makatora kiyi yezivo! Imi mumene hamuna kupinda, uye makadzivisa vamwe vanopinda vaida kudaro.” (Ruka 11:52, JB) ‘Kudzivisa vamwe kupinda’ kupi? Jesu anotiudza pana Mateo 23:13, kuti: “Mune nhamo imi, vanyori navaFarise, imi vanyengeri! Imi munovhara umambo hwokudenga muzviso zvavanhu, musingapindi imi mumene kana kuti kubvumira vamwe kupinda vanoda.” (JB) Vakuru vorudzidziso vechiJudha vakavharira suo vazhinji, sokunge zvakadaro, kupfurikidza nokuvatorera banza rokuva naJesu Kristu mudenga. “Kiyi” iyo vatungamiriri vorudzidziso ivavo vakanga “vatora” yakanga isina chinhu chokuita nokukanganwirwa kwezvivi. Yakanga iri kiyi yokuruzivo runogoverwa nenzira youmwari.
Nenzira yakafanana, “kiyi dzoumambo” dzakapiwa kuna Petro hadzimiriri simba rokuzivisa denga pamusoro pokuti zvivi zvaani zvinofanira kukanganwirwa kana kuti kuchengetwa. Panzvimbo pezvo, idzo dzinomirira ropafadzo huru yaPetro yokuzarura nzira yokudenga kupfurikidza nokuparadzira zivo yakagoverwa nenzira youmwari kupfurikidza noushumiri hwake. Iye akaita ikoku kutanga nokuda kwavaJudha uye vapuroserite vechiJudha, ipapo nokuda kwavaSamaria, uye pakupedzisira nokuda kwaVamarudzi.—Mabasa 2:1-41; 8:14-17; 10:1-48.
“Chipi Kana Chipi Chamunosunga Pasi Pano”
Gare gare, icho Jesu akanga audza Petro chakadzokororwa kuvamwe vadzidzi. “Ndinokuudzai zvakakomba,” akadaro Jesu, “chipi kana chipi chamunosunga pasi pano chicharangarirwa kuva chakasungwa mudenga; chipi kana chipi chamunosunungura pasi pano chicharangarirwa kuva chakasunungurwa mudenga.” (Mateo 18:18, JB) Chiremerai icho Kristu pano anopa kuvadzidzi? Mashoko akapoteredza anoratidza kuti iye akanga achitaura pamusoro pokupedza zvinetso pakati pavatendi vamwe navamwe nokuchengeta ungano isina vaiti vezvakaipa vasingapfidzi.—Mateo 18:15-17.
Munhau dzinobatanidza kuputswa kwakakomba kwomutemo waMwari, varume vane mutoro muungano vaizofanira kutonga zvinhu ndokusarudza kana muiti wechakaipa achifanira “kusungwa” (kurangarirwa saane mhaka) kana kuti “kusunungurwa” (kuwanwa asina mhaka). Ikoku kwakareva here kuti denga raizotevera zvisarudzo zvavanhu? Aiwa. Sezvinoratidzira nyanzvi yeBhaibheri Robert Young, chisarudzo chipi nechipi chaiitwa navadzidzi chaizotevera chisarudzo chokudenga, kwete kuchitangira. Iye anotaura kuti ndima 18 inofanira kurava chaizvoizvo, kuti: Chamunosunga pasi pano “chichava icho (chakato) chakasungwa” mudenga.
Chaizvoizvo, hakuna mufungo kufunga kuti munhu upi noupi asina kukwana aigona kuita zvisarudzo zvaizova zvinosunga paizvo zvomumatare okudenga. Kune mufungo zvikuru kwazvo kutaura kuti vamiriri vakagadzwa vaKristu vaizotevera nhungamiro dzake kuti vachengete ungano yake yakachena. Ivo vaizoita ikoku kupfurikidza nokuita chisarudzo chakavakirwa panheyo dzakatovanzarikwa mudenga. Jesu amene aizovatungamirira mukuita ikoku.—Mateo 18:20.
Ko munhu upi noupi anokwanisa here “kumirira Kristu somutongi woubaba” kusvikira patambanuko yokusarudza nguva yemberi isingagumi yomunamati biyake? (New Catholic Encyclopedia) Vaprista vanonzwa kureurura kunodokuva nguva dzose vanopa kanganwiro, kunyange zvazvo “kuchiratidzika kuva kune chitendero chisingataurwi [pakati pavafundisi veKaturike] chokuti munhu wechienzi ane urombo chaizvoizvo nokuda kwezvivi zvake.” (The New Encyclopædia Britannica) Zvamazvirokwazvo, ndeipi yaiva nguva yokupedzisira apo wakanzwa nezvomuprista achiramba kupa kanganwiro kana kuti kuwana muiti wechakaipa asina mhaka? Sezvingabvira, ikoku imhaka yokuti muprista mumwe nomumwe haafungi kuti ane simba rokutonga kana mutadzi achipfidza kana kuti kwete. Asi kana ikoku kwakadaro, neiko iye achitaura kuva ane simba rokupa kanganwiro?
Fungidzira dare romutemo umo mutongi ane tsitsi akawana matsotsi asina mhaka nenzira yomuitiro, kunyange vaputsi vomutemo vanopfuurira, nemhaka yokuti vakapfuura nomumuitiro wokubvuma mhaka dzavo nokutaura kuti ivo vakanga vane urombo. Nepo ikoku kungagutsa vaiti vezvakaipa, murangariro wakadaro wakaipa wengoni waizosekesa zvakakomba ruremekedzo nokuda kweruramisiro. Kungagona kuva kwakadaro here kuti kureurura sokunoshandiswa muChechi yeKaturike kunoomesa zvomenemene vanhu munzira yechivi?—Muparidzi 8:11.
“Kureurura hakusati kuchiparira kombamiro ipi neipi yokuedza kudzivisa chivi munguva yemberi,” anodaro Ramona, achishandisa chinoitika chake chokureurura somuKaturike chifo chaapo aiva namakore manomwe okukura. Iye anowedzera, kuti: “Kureurura kunotanga pfungwa yokuti Mwari anokanganwira zvose uye kuti chipi kana chipi icho nyama yako isina kukwana inokutungamirira kuita iye achakanganwira. Hakutangi chishuvo chikuru chokuita chiri chakarurama.”a
Asi zvakadiniko namashoko aJesu akanyorwa pana Johane 20:22, 23? Ipapo iye akaudza vadzidzi vake, kuti: “Gamuchirai Mudzimu Mutsvene. Nokuti avo vane zvivi zvamunokanganwira, vanokanganwirwa; nokuti avo vane zvivi zvamunochengeta, zvinochengetwa.” (JB) Jesu pano haasati achipa nenzira yakananga vadzidzi vake simba rokukanganwira zvivi here?
Chikatorwa choga, ichi chikamu cheBhaibheri chingaratidzika kuva chinotaura izvozvo. Zvisinei, apo aya mashoko anorangarirwa pamwe chete nenhauro iri pana Mateo 18:15-18 uye chinhu chiri chose zvacho icho Bhaibheri rinodzidzisa pamusoro pokureurura nekanganwiro, chii chatinofanira kugumisa? Kuti pana Johane 20:22, 23, Jesu akapa vadzidzi vake simba rokudzinga muungano vapfuudziri vasingapfidzi vezvivi zvakakomba. Panguva imwe cheteyo, Kristu akapa vateveri vake simba rokupa ngoni nokukanganwira vatadzi vanopfidza. Jesu zvamazvirokwazvo akanga asati ari kutaura kuti vadzidzi vake vanofanira kureurura chivi chiri chose kumuprista.
Vane mutoro vari muungano nokudaro vakapiwa simba rokusarudza nzira yokubata nayo naavo vanoita zvivi zvakakomba. Zvisarudzo zvakadaro zvaizoitwa munhungamiro yomudzimu mutsvene waMwari uye mutsinhirano nenhungamiro dzaMwari dzakapiwa kupfurikidza naJesu Kristu naMagwaro Matsvene. (Enzanisa naMabasa 5:1-5; 1 VaKorinte 5:1-5, 11-13.) Varume ivavo vane mutoro nomutoo iwoyo vaizogamuchira nhungamiro inobva kudenga, kwete kuisa zvisarudzo zvavo padenga.
“Reururiranai Zvivi Zvenyu”
Naizvozvo, ipapoka, ndirini pakwakafanira kuti maKristu areururirane zvivi? Muchinoitika chechivi chakakomba (kwete kundikano duku iri yose), munhu anofanira kureurura kuvatariri vane mitoro veungano. Kunyange kana chivi chisina kukomba asi hana yomutadzi ichimunetsa zvikuru, pane ukoshi hukuru mukureurura nokutsvaka betsero yomudzimu.
Muna ikoku munyori weBhaibheri Jakobho anoti: “Kana mumwe wenyu achirwara [mumudzimu], anofanira kutumira vakuru vechechi, uye ivo vanofanira kumuzodza namafuta muzita raShe ndokumunyengeterera. Munyengetero wokutenda uchaponesa munhu anorwara uye Ishe achamumutsa zvakare; uye kana akaita zvivi zvipi nezvipi, achakanganwirwa. Naizvozvo reururiranai zvivi zvenyu, uye nyengetereranai.”—Jakobho 5:14-16, JB.
Muaya mashoko, hamuna chikarakadzo chokureurura kwomuitiro, kwetsika, munzeve. Panzvimbo pezvo, apo muKristu anoremedzwa kwazvo nechivi zvokuti anonzwa kuti haagoni kunyengetera, anofanira kudana vakuru vakagadzwa, kana kuti vatariri, veungano, uye ivo vachanyengetera naye. Kumubetsera kunaya mumudzimu, ivo vachashandisawo mafuta eShoko raMwari.—Pisarema 141:5; enzanisa naRuka 5:31, 32; Zvakazarurwa 3:18.
Rinokosha izano raJohane Mubhapatidzi roku“bereka zvibereko zvinokodzera rupfidzo.” (Mateo 3:8, NW; enzanisa naMabasa 26:20.) Muiti wechakaipa anopfidza zvirokwazvo anosiya nzira yake yokutadza. Kufanana naMambo Dhavhidhi waIsraeri wakare, mutadzi anopfidza uyo anoreurura mhosho yake kuna Mwari achagamuchira kanganwiro. Dhavhidhi akanyora, kuti: “Ndakakuzivisa chivi changu, handina kuvanza chakaipa changu; ndakati: ‘Ndichazvireurura kudarika kwangu kuna Jehovha;’ imi mukandikanganwira kuipa kwechivi changu.”—Pisarema 32:5.
Mabasa echirango haagoni kuwana kanganwiro yakadaro. Mwari bedzi anogona kuipa. Iye anorangarira zvinodikanwa zveruramisiro yakakwana, asi kanganwiro yake inoratidzira rudo rwake nokuda kworudzi rwomunhu. Kanganwiro yake iratidzirowo yomutsa usakafanirwa wakavakirwa pachibairo chorudzikinuro chaJesu Kristu uye unopiwa bedzi bedzi kuvatadzi vanopfidza vakabva pachiri chakashata mumeso aMwari. (Pisarema 51:7; Isaya 1:18; Johane 3:16; VaRoma 3:23-26) Avo bedzi vanokanganwirwa naJehovha Mwari vachawana upenyu husingagumi. Uye kuti tigamuchire kanganwiro yakadaro, tinofanira kuita kureurura munzira yaMwari, kwete yomunhu.
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
a Mukupesana, ona Marko 3:29; VaHebheru 6:4-6; 10:26. Muaya magwaro, vanyori veBhaibheri vanoratidza kuti Mwari haakanganwiri chaizvoizvo zvivi zvose.
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 7]
Dhavhidhi akareurura kuna Jehovha, uyo akapa kanganwiro