Mareferensiya ya Xibukwana xa Minhlanganu ya Mahanyelo ni Ntirhu
5 KUYA KA 11 KA FEVEREIRO
XUMA XINGA KA RITU LA XIKWEMBU | MATEWU 12-13
“Xifanisu xa Trigu ni Mfava”
w13 15/7 9-10 ¶2-3
‘Maswivo, Nina N’wina Masiku Hinkwawo’
Swiyendlakalu leswihumeleleke amasin’wini ya murimi swikombisa ndlela leyi Yesu aatavahlengeleta ha yona vanhu lavafanaka ni trigu, kunga Vakreste lavatotiweke lavangatafuma na yena ka Mfumu wakwe, ni leswaku aatavahlengeleta rini. Kubyala kusungule hi Pentekosta 33 E.C. Kuhlengeleta kutahela loko vatotiwa lavangatava vahahanya ka makumu ya mafambiselu lawa ya swilo vafunghiwa lohetelela kutani va tekiwa vayisiwa tilweni. (Mt 24:31; Nhl 7:1-4) Loko munhu ali henhla ka ntshava akota kuvona ndhawu hinkwayo leyimurhendzeleke, hilaha kufanaka xifaniso lexi xihiyendla hiswitwisisa kahle swiyendlakalu leswi aswitahumelela amalembeni ya kolomu ka 2000. Hi swihi swiyendlakalu leswi hiswitwisisaka leswifambisanaka ni Mfumu? Xifanisu lexi xivulavula hi nkama wa kubyala, wa kukula ni wa kutshovela. Xihloko lexi xitadzika ngopfu ka nkama wa kutshovela.
AHANSI KA NSIRHELELU LOWUKULU WA YESU
Kusunguleni ka lembe-xidzana la wumbirhi E.C., ‘kuhumelele mfava’ loko Vakreste va mavunwa vasungula kuvoneka amisaveni leyifanaka ni nsimu. (Mt 13:26) Hi lembe-xidzana la vumune, Vakreste lavafanaka ni mfava se avatalile kutlula Vakreste lavatotiweke. Tsundzuka leswaku axifanisweni, mahlonga makombele n’winyi wa wona leswaku amapfumelela kutsuvula mfava. (Mt 13:28) N’winyi wa wona ate yini?
w13 15/7 paj. 10 par. 4
‘Maswivo, Nina N’wina Masiku Hinkwawo’
Loko Yesu avulavula hi trigu ni mfava ate: “Switshikeni swikula haswimbirhi kukota kufika ntshovelu.” Xilerisu lexi xikombisa leswaku kusukela hi lembe-xidzana losungula kutafika namuntlha, akuli ni Vakreste vokarhi lavatotiweke lavafanaka ni trigu laha misaveni. Mhaka yoleyo yitiyisekisiwa hi leswi Yesu aswibyeleke vadyondzisiwa vakwe andzhakunyana aku: “Ndzi na n’wina masiku hinkwawu kuyafikela amakumu ya mafambiselu ya swilo.” (Mat 28:20) Kutani Vakreste lava totiweke avatasirheleliwa hi Yesu masiku hinkwawu kuyafika ankameni wa makumu. Hambiswilitanu, tanihi leswi Vakreste lavafanaka ni mfava vayandzeke ngopfu kuvatlula, ahitiyiseki leswaku hi vamani lava avawela ka vanhu lavafanaka ni trigu ankameni wolowo woleha. Kambe, loko kahasale makume ya malembe leswaku kusungula nkama wotshovela, vanhu lavafanaka ni trigu vaye vavoneka. Sweswo swiyendlekise ku yini?
w13 15/7 paj. 12 par. 10-12
“Maswivo, Nina N’wina Masiku Hinkwawo”
Xosungula, kuhlengeleta mfava. Yesu ate: “Hi nguva ya ntshovelo nitabyela vatshoveli niku, Sungulani hikuhlengeleta mfava miwutsimba wuva tinyandza.” Ndzhaku ka 1914, tintsumi tisungule “kuhlengeleta” Vakreste lavafanaka ni mfava hi kuvahambanisa ni vatotiwa, kunga “vana va mfumu.” — Mt 13:30, 38, 41.
11 Loko ntirhu wohlengeleta wuli karhi wuya mahlweni, kuhambana axikarhi ka mintlawa leyimbirhi kuye kuvoneka swinene. (Nhl 18:1, 4) Hi 1919, swive arivaleni leswaku Babilona Lonkulu se aawile. I yini leswi ngopfu-ngopfu aswihambanisa Vakreste va ntiyisu ka va mavunwa? I ntirhu wochumayela. Lava avarhangela axikarhi ka Vadjondzi va Bibele vasungule kuswiveka alivaleni leswaku hinkwavu abandlheni vafanele vachumayela hi Mfumu. Hi xikombisu, xiphephana lexinge To Whom the Work Is Entrusted (Lava vanyikiweke ntirhu wochumayela), lexikandzihisiweke hi 1919, xikhutaze Vakreste hinkwavu lavatotiweke leswaku vachumayela hi yindlu ni yindlu. Xite: “Ntirhu lowu wutikomba wuli wukulu, kambe i wa Hosi naswona hitakota kuwuyendla hi kupfuniwa hi yona. Uni lunghelu lohlanganyela ka wona.” Xana swiyangule njhani? Xihondzo xo Rindza xa 1922, xivike leswaku kusukela hi nkama wolowo kuya mahlweni Vadjondzi va Bibele vatirhe hi matimba swinene antirhweni wa vona wochumayela. Swingasiya kwihi, kuchumayela hi yindlu ni yindlu kuve mfungho wa Vakreste volavu votshembeka — hilaha swinga ha kona ni namuntlha.
Xa vumbirhi, kuhlengeleta trigu. Yesu alerise tintsumi takwe aku: “Mihlengeleta trigu miyinghenisa tshaleni la mina.” (Mt 13:30) Kusukela hi 1919, vatotiwa vahlengeletiwe abandlheni la Wukreste lelibasisiweke. Kuhlengeletiwa kohetelela ka Vakreste volavo lavatotiweke lavangatava vahahanya amakumu ka mafambiselu lawa ya swilo, kutayendleka loko vakuma hakelo ya vona ya le tilweni. — Dn 7:18, 22, 27.
Lavetela Xuma xa Moya
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 12:20
Ngoti ya motse: A motse lowu awutolovelekile wa le makaya aali xibya xa vumba lexi axicheliwa mafurha ya olivha. Akupetiwa ngoti ya ntsembyana leswaku yipsonga mafurha akuva yipfurha yikota kuvoninga. A xiga xa xigrika lexinge “ngoti ya motse” xingahava xikombeta ngoti ya motse leyihumesaka ximusi hikuva yahatlhavikile kambe ayahapfurhi. Xiprofeto xa Esaya 42:3 axiprofeta hi timpsalu ta Yesu; yena aangatahelisa ntshembo lowu vanhu lavatshikeleliweke avahali na wona.
w16.10 paj. 31-32
Xana Awuswitiva?
Xana swakholwisa leswaku aminkameni ya khale aswiyendleka leswaku munhu afika abyala mfava ka nsimu ya munhu mun’wana?
KA Matewu 13:24-26, kutshahiwa maritu ya Yesu lamange: ‘Mfumu wa matilo wufana ni munhu lweyi abyaleke mbewu leyinene amasin’wini yakwe. Loko vanhu va ha yetlele, nala wakwe ata kutani a haxa mfava axikarhi ka trigu, kutani asuka. Loko khava rirhumbuka, ripsala, ku humelele ni mfava.’ Vatsari vo hambanahambana va kanakana loko mhaka leyi yiyendlekile kambe tibuku ta khale ta nawu wa Varhoma tivula leswaku swingahava swiyendlekile.
Xihlamusela maritu xin’wana xa Bibele xivula leswaku “kuhaxa mfava amansin’wini ya munhu mun’wana hi xikongometo xorihisela . . . akuli nandzu hikuya hi nawu wa Rhoma. Mhaka ya leswaku akuli ni nawu lowu swikombisa leswaku aswiyendleka.” Mukambisisi wa ta nawu Alastair Kerr ahlamusela leswaku hi 533 E.C., Mufumi wa Murhoma Justinian a kandziyise buku la nawu wa Rhoma lowuvuliwaka Digest. Naswona aka wona akutshahiwe marito ya vativi va nawu wa Rhoma kusukela kolomu ka 100 kuya ka 250 E.C. Hi kuya hi (Digest, 9.2.27.14), mun’wana wa vativi volavo Ulpian avulavule hi mhaka leyiyendlekeke hi 200 E.C. Munhu mun’wana ahaxe mfava masin’wini ya munhu mun’wana kutani hikwalaho kaleswo swimilana swakwe swifile. Buku leyi ya nawu yivula leswaku tanihi leswi akuli ni nawu lowu lwisanaka ni mhaka leyi, n’wini wa masimu akota kukoxa ndzihu kamunhu lweyi abyaleke mfava leswaku an’wihakela leswi alahlekeliweke hiswona.
Khale timhaka takufana ni leti atiyendleka aMfun’weni wa Rhoma leswi kombisaka leswaku mhaka leyi Yesu avulavuleke hayona ayi yendleka.
12 KUYA KA 18 KA FEVEREIRO
XUMA XINGA KA RITO LA XIKWEMBU | MATEWU 14-15
“Kudlisa Vanhu Votala hi Kutirhisa Vanhu Vatsongo”
w13 15/7 paj. 15 par. 2
Kudlisa Vanhu Votala hi Kutirhisa Vanhu Vatsongo
Loko Yesu avona ntshungu, atwela vanhu vusiwana, kutani asungula kuhanyisa lavavabyaka axikarhi ka vona ni kuvadyondzisa swilo swotala hi Mfumu wa Xikwembu. Loko se lipelile, vadyondzisiwa vabyela Yesu leswaku alerisa vanhu vafamba leswaku vayatixavela swakudla aswimitanini swa lekusuhi. Kambe Yesu abyela vadyondzisiwa vakwe aku: ‘N’wina [va] nyikeni swakudla.’ Mhaka yoleyo yifanele yi va hlamalisile hikuva swakudla leswi avali naswona aswili switsongo ngopfu, kunga swinkwa swa ntlhanu ni tinhlampfi timbirhi letitsongo.
w13 15/7 paj. 15 par. 3
Hikwalaho ka ntwela-vusiwana, Yesu ayendla hlorhi, kunga hlorhi lili loxe leli tsaliweke hi vatsali va mune va Tievhangeli. (Mar. 6:35-44; Luka 9:10-17; Yoh. 6:1-13) Yesu alerisa vadyondzisiwa vakwe leswaku va byela ntshungu wu tshama abyanyini bya lihlaza hi mintlawa ya 50 ni ya 100. Endzhaku ko khongela, u sungula ku phemelela swinkwa ni ku ava tinhlampfi. Kutani, matshan’weni yo va Yesu anyika vanhu swakudya hi yexe, aswi avela “vadyondzisiwa vakwe, vadyondzisiwa na vona vayavela mintshungu.” Hi hlori swakudla swiyenete vanhu hinkwavu switlhela swisala. Yehleketa hi mhaka leyi: Yesu aphamele magidi ya vanhu hi kutirhisa vanhu vatsongo, kunga vadyondzisiwa va yena
kukatsa vavasati swin’we ni swivanana: Hi Matewu ntsena lweyi a vulavuleke hi vavasati ni swivanana loko a rungula hi hlori leli. Swingahayendleka nhlayu hinkwayu ya vanhu lava vadlisiweke hi hlori leli ayitlula 15.000.
w13 15/7 paj. 15 par. 1
Kudlisa Vanhu Votala hi Kutirhisa Vanhu Vatsongo
ANAKANYA hi xiyendlakalu lexi. (Lerha Matewu 14:14-21.) Hi le mahlweninyana ka Paseka ya 32 E.C. Ntshungu wa vavanuna va kolomu ka 5000 na kunga kontiwi vavasati ni vana lavatsongo, wu na Yesu ni vadyondzisiwa vakwe andhawini leyinga mananga kusuhi ni le Betsayida, kunga ximutana lexinga aribuweni lelinga n’walungwini wa Lwandle la Galeliya.
Lavetela Xuma xa Moya
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 15:7
vakanganyisi: A ritu la Xigrika lelinge hy·po·kri·tesʹ akusunguleni alivula vatlangi va xiteji va Grikiya (hi kufamba ka nkama va Rhoma). Vatlangi lava avayambala mitumbela leyikulu leyi ayikulisa mpfumawulu wa maritu. Ritu leli hi kufamba ka nkama litirhisiwe hi ndlela yofanekisela, ka mani na mani lweyi afihlaka xikongometo xa yena kumbe wumunhu la yena hi kutifihla leswi angaswona. Laha Yesu avitana varhangeli va wukhongeli va Vayuda tanihi hi “vakanganyisi”. — Mt 6:5, 16.
swivanana . . . swimbyanyana: leswi timbyana atinyamile hikuya hi Nawu wa Moxe, matsalwa matolovela kutitirhisa hi ndlela yoveka hansi vanhu lava vafanisiwaka na tona. (Lv 11:27; Mt 7:6; Flp 3:2; Nhl 22:15) Hambiswilitanu, ka rungula la Marka (7:27) ni la Matewu hi bulu la Yesu, atirhise ritu lelinge swimbyanyana, matshan’wini ya mbyana. “Ximbyanyana” kumbe “mbyana ya le kaya”, leswaku aswivevukisa. Kumbexana leswi swikomba swaku Yesu aalava kuhlamusela lirhandzu leli lavangaliki vayuda vanganalona ka swifuwana swa vona. Loko afanisa vaisrayele ni “swivanana” kutani afanisa lavanga liki vayuda ni “swinbyan’yana” aalava kukomba leswifaneleka swi rhangisiwa. Kandjangu lowu wungani swivanana ni timbyana kufanele kudlisiwa swivanana kusungula.
19 KUYA KA 25 KA FEVEREIRO | MATEWU 16-17
“Xana Mimpimisu ya Wena i Mimpimisu ya Mani?”
w07 15/2 paj. 16 par. 17
Vavanuna — Tekelelani Wunhloko la Kreste
Siku lin’wana, Yesu ahlamusele vaapostola va yena leswaku afanele aya Yerusalema, laha aatafika axanisiwa hi “vakulukumba ni vaprista lavakulu, ivi adlayiwa, kutani apfuxiwa hi siku la wunharhu.” Loko Petro atwa marito lawa avitane Yesu atlhelweni kutani asungula kumutshinya, aku: “Titsetselele, Hosi; khombo leli lingaka lingakuweli nikatsongo.” Swile livaleni leswaku ndlela leyi Petro aatitwa hayona yimuyendle angaswivoni kahle swilo. Aafanele avuyisiwa andleleni. Kutani Yesu ate: “Yana ndzhaku ka mina, Sathana! U xikhunguvanyisu ka mina, hikuva awuyehleketi miyehleketo ya Xikwembu, kambe uyehleketa miyehleketo ya vanhu.” — Matewu 16:21-23.
w15 15/5 paj. 7-8 par. 16-17
Tshama Uxalamukile — Sathana alava Kukuhlasela!
Sathana angakanganyisa ni malandza ya Yehovha lamahisekaka. Hi xikombiso, anakanya hi leswiyendlekeke loko Yesu abyele vadyondzisiwa vakwe leswaku aata dlayiwa kungali khale. Mupostolo Petro, lweyi aarhandza Yesu ate: “Titsetselele, Hosi; khombo leli lingaka lingakuweli nikatsongo.” Yesu abyele Petro aku: “Yana ndzhaku ka mina, Sathana!” (Matewu 16:22, 23) Ha yini Yesu avule leswaku Petro i “Sathana”? Hikuva Yesu aaswitiva leswi aswitamuhumelela kungalikhale. Yesu aatafa tanihi gandzelo la nkutsulo kungali khale naswona aatakombisa leswaku Diyavulosi i muhembi. Lowu awuli nkama wa nkoka matin’wini ya vanhu naswona awungali nkama wa leswaku Yesu ‘atitsetselela.’ Sathana aatava atsakile swinene loko Yesu aatshike kutshama arindzile.
Makumu ya mafambiselu lawa ya swilo ma kola nyongeni, hikolaho na hina hihanya nkameni wa nkoka swinene. Sathana alava leswaku ‘hititsetselela,’ hidzikisa mimpimisu ya hina akuyendleni ka leswaku swilo swihifambela kahle misaveni leyi. Alava hirivala leswaku hihanya amasikwini ya makumu kutani hitshika kutshama hixalamukile. Ungaswipfumeleli swoswo swiyendleka ka wena. Kuli ni sweswo, ‘tshama urindzile.’ (Matewu 24:42) Ungapfuki umatshembile mavunwa ya Sathana ya leswaku makumu mahali kule kumbe amangetshuki mafikile.
w06 1/4 paj. 23 par. 9
‘Fambani Miyayendla Vadyondzisiwa, Mivakhuvula’
Xana kutekelela xikombiso xa Yesu xa kuyendla kurhandza ka Xikwembu swi katsa yini? Yesu abyele vadyondzisiwa vakwe aku: “Loko munhu alava kuni landzela, aatitshike kutani arhwala mhandzi yakwe ya nxaniso ani landzela nkama hinkwawu.” (Matewu 16:24) Laha avulavule hi swilo swinharhu leswi hifaneleke hiswiyendla. Xosungula, ‘hatitshika.’ Hi maritu man’wana, hifularhela kubyekemela ka hina ka wutianakanyi ni lokungahetisekangiki, kutani hiyamukela ndzayu ni nkongomisu wa Xikwembu. Xa wumbirhi, ‘hirhwala mhandzi ya hina ya nxanisu.’ Minkameni ya Yesu mhandzi ya nxanisu ayi yimela kukhomisiwa tingana ni kuxaniseka. Tanihi Vakreste, ha pfumela leswaku minkama yin’wana hingaxaniseka hikolaho ka mahungu lamanene. (2 Timotiya 1:8) Hambileswi misava yingahihlekulaka kumbe kuhisola, kufana na Kreste ‘hitsan’wa tingana’, hitsaka hikutiva leswaku hitsakisa Xikwembu. (Vaheveru 12:2) Xohetelela, hilandzela Yesu ‘nkama hinkwawu.’ —Pisalema 73:26; 119:44; 145:2.
Lavetela Xuma xa Moya
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu16:18
Wena u Petro, ahenhla ka ribye leli: A ritu la xigrika lelinge peʹtros livula “xiphemu xa ribye.” Lana litirhisiwa tanihi vitu la munhu (Petro), kunga vitu la Xigrika leli Yesu anyikeke Simoni. (Yh 1:42) Ritu lelinge peʹtra livula “ribye”, kumbe ribye la masungulu. Ritu leli la Xigrika lakumeka ka Mt 7:24, 25; 27:60; Lk 6:48; 8:6; Rhm 9:33; 1Ko 10:4; 1Pe 2:8. Kunene Petro aangativone ali yena ribye leli Yesu aatayaka Bandla henhla ka lona. Tanihi laha atsaleke ha kona ka 1Pe 2:4-8 leswaku Yesu i ribye la yinhla la masungulu, lelihlawuliweke hi Xikwembu hi kukongoma. Hi laha kufanaka mupostolo Pawulu avule swaku Yesu i ribye la masungulu ni la moya. (1Ko 3:11; 10:4) Swile livaleni leswaku Yesu, hi kutirhisa marhitu lawo aalava kuvula leswi: ‘Wena nikuvitanaka Petro, Xiphemu xa Ribye, umuxiyile Kreste, “a ribye leli,” lelingatava masungulu ya bandla la Wukreste.’
bandla: I khambe losungula kuhumelela ritu la Xigrika lelinge ek·kle·siʹa. Lita hi ka maritu mambirhi ya Xigrika, ek lelivulaka “handle”, ni ka·leʹo, lelivulaka “kuvitana”. Kuvuliwa ntlawa wa vanhu lavavitaneliweke xikongometo xokarhi. (Vona Glossário ka nwt-TPO.) Ka maritu lawa Yasu aprofeta hi ta kutumbulixiwa ka bandla la Wukreste, leli alitavumbiwa hi Vakreste lavatotiweke, ‘lavayakiwaka vava yindlu ya moya’ tanihi “maribye lamahanyaka”. (1Pe 2:4, 5) Ritu leli la Xigrika litirhisiwa kanyingi ka Septuaginta matshan’wini ya ritu la Xiheberu lelivulaka “bandla”, leli hakanyingi likombetelaka ka vanhu hikwavu va Xikwembu. (Dt 23:3; 31:30) Ka Min 7:38, kuvulavuliwa hi Vaisrayele lavahumesiweke atikweni la Egipta tanihi “bandla”. Hi laha kufanaka Vakreste ‘lavahumesiwaka . . . amunyameni’ ivi ‘vahlawuliwa’ . . . misaveni’ vavumba ‘bandla la Xikwembu.’ — 1Pe 2:9; Yh 15:19; 1Ko 1:2.
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 16:19
Mimpfungulu kumbe swilotlelo swa mfumu wa matilo: Ka Bibele, vanhu lava avanyikiwa mimpfungulu ya hikakunene kumbe yakufanekisela avanyikiwa wulawuli lokarhi. (1Tk 9:26, 27; Esa 22:20-22) Kutani a ritu ‘mpfungulu’ lifanekisela wulawuli ni wutihlamuleli. Petro atirhise mimpfungulu leyi aanyikiwe yona leswaku apfulela vayuda (Min 2:22-41), vasamariya (Min 8:14-17), ni vamatiko (Min 10:34-38) mukhandlu wa kuyamukela moya wa Xikwembu leswaku vanghena ka Mfumu wa matilo.
26 KA VEVEREIRO KUYA KA 4 KA MARÇO
XUMA XINGA KA RITO LA XIKWEMBU | MATEWU 18-19
“Tivoneli Leswaku Ungatikhunguvanyise Kumbe Kukhunguvanyisa Van’wana”
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 18:6
a ribye losila lelikokiwaka hi mbongolo: Kumbe ribye lelikulu losila. Swingahayendla ribye lolelo ali ni 1,2 kuya ka 1,5 metru hi kuyanama ka lona. Alitika swinene la ka ku alikokiwa hi mbongolo.
vona xifanisu ka nwtsty
Ribye Losila
A maribye yosila amatirhisiwa kusila tindzhoho ni kukama mafurha ka maolivha. Maribye man’wana amali matsongo la ka ku aswikoteka kumandzuluta hi mavoko, kasi man’wana amali makulu swinene, amakokiwa hi xiharhi xokarhi. Swingahayendleka akuli ribye losila lelikulu, lofana ni leli Samsoni asindzisiweke hi vafilista kulikoka (Vaa 16:21) A ribye losila leli alikokiwa hi swiharhi alitirhisiwa swinene atikweni la Israyele ni matiku manyingi lawa amafumiwa hi Roma.
Ribye losila la le henhla ni la le hansi
A ribye lelikulu losila lofana ni lelikombisiwaka lani alikokiwa hi xiharhi xofana ni mbongolo; alitirhisiwa leswaku lisila tindzhoho ni kukama mafurha ya maolivha. Leli la le henhla alipima 1,5 metru hi kuyanama naswona aswikoteka leswaku lisila ka ribye la le hansi la likulu.
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 18:7
swikhunguvanyiso: A ritu la xigrika lelinge skan’da lon, lelilihundzuluxeliweke tani hi “xikhunguvanyiso”, kupimisiwa leswaku alivula nthlamu. Van’wani vavula leswaku akuli nhonga leyi ayitshama ka ntlhamu naswona akuvekiwa swakudla ka yona leswaku kuphasiwa xiharhi. Naswona livula xisivelo xin’wana ni xin’wana lexingayendlaka munhu awa. Hi ndlela yofanekisela, livula swiyendlu ni swiyimu leswingayendlaka munhu ava ni mahanyela yobiha kumbe awela xidjoheni. Ka Matewu 18:8, 9, hikuma ritu leliyelanaka, lelinge skan da li’ zo. Ritu leli lihundzuluxeliwa tani hi “kukhunguvanyisa”, leswivulaka “kurhiha; kudjohisa”.
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 18:9
Gehena: Ritu leli lihuma ka ritu la Xiheveru lelinge geh hin·nomʹ, lelivulaka “nkova wa Hinnom”. Nkova lowu wusukela wupeladjambu wuya dzongeni wa Yerusalema wa khale. (Vona mapa wa Apêndice B12, “Jerusalém e Proximidades” ka nwt-TPO) Amasikwini ya Yesu, nkova lowu awutirhisiwa leswaku kuhisiwa nsila. Kutani ritu lelinge “Gehena” lifanekisela kahle kufa hi laha kungaheliki.
nwtstg xihlamusela-maritu
Gehena
Vitu la Xigrika la Nkova wa Hinomu, dzongeni wa wupela djambu wa Yerusalema wa khale. (Yr 7:31) Wuprofeta alivulavula ha wona tanihi ndhawu leyi mintsumbu ayitahangalasiwa ka yona. (Yr 7:32; 19:6) Akuna wumboni la leswaku swiharhi kumbe vanhu avacukumeteliwa gehena na vahahanya leswaku vahisiwa kumbe vaxanisiwa. Hikolaho ndhawu leyi ayifanekiseli ndhawu leyingavonakike laha mimoya ya vanhu yixanisiwaka hi ndzilu wa hikakunene hi laha kungahelike. Matshan’wini ya leswo Yesu ni vadjondzisiwa va yena vatirhise Gehena kufanekisela kuloviseliwa makumu, kunga ‘lifu lawumbirhi’, leswinge kulovisiwa hi lakungaheliki. — Nhl 20:14; Mt 5:22; 10:28
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 18:10
tivona xikandza kumbe ngohe ya Tatana wa mina: Kumbe ‘vavonana na Tatana wa mina.’ Leswi vavonanaka ni Xikwembu, i swivumbiwa swa moya ntsena swingakotaka kuvona Xikwembu. — Eks 33:20.
w10 1/11 paj. 16
Ndlela Leyi Swivumbiwa swa Moya Swihikhumbaka ha Yona
Yesu akombisile leswaku tintsumi tinyikiwe wutihlamulerii byo khathalela swilaveko swa moya swa malandza ya Xikwembu. Xisweswo, loko Yesu alemukisa vadyondzisiwa vakwe leswaku vangakhunguvanyisi van’wana ate: ‘Tivoneleni leswaku mingamulanguteli hansi mun’wana wa lava lavatsongo; hikuva namibyela leswaku tintsumi ta vona atilweni minkarhi hinkwayo tivona xikandza xa Tatana lweyi anga tilweni.’ (Matewu 18:10) Hi marito lawa, Yesu aangavuli swona leswaku nandza mun’wana ni mun’wana wa Xikwembu ani ntsumi leyimusirhelelaka. Kambe atlhele akombisa leswaku tintsumi letitirhaka ni Xikwembu taswirhandza swirho swa bandlha la Wukreste.
Lavetela Xuma xa Moya
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 18:22
ka 77: ‘makhambi ya 77’. Xiga lexi xa Xigrika xingatwisisiwa hi ndlela leyi: “70 ni 7” (makhambi ya 77) kumbe “70 yiyandzisiwa ka 7” (makhambi ya 490). Maritu yofana ni lawo, makumekaka ka Septuaginta ka Ge 4:24 mahlamusela xiga xa Xiheveru “makhambi ya 77”, hi kutwanana ni maritu ya Xigrika lamange “makhambi ya 77”. Kungakhataliseke ndlela leyi matwisisiwaka ha yona, a kuphinda nhlayu ya 7 swivula swaku akuna ntsemanu. Loko Yesu ahundzula nhlayu ya makhambi ya 7 leyivuliweke hi Petro leswaku yiva makhambi ya 77, Yesu aalava kubyela valandzeli va yena leswaku vangativekele ntsemanu wa kurivalela. Hi kuhambana ni leswo, a Talmud ya Babilona (Yoma 86b) yili: “Loko wanuna adjohile ka kusungula, kawumbirhi ni kawunharhu angarivaleliwa, kambe kawumune angarivaleliwe”.
minhlamuselu yodjondza ha yona ka nwtsty ya Matewu 19:7
papela la kumuhlongola: Kumbe “papela la kudlaya wukati”. A Nawu wa Moxe awuvula leswaku wanuna lweyi alavaka kudlaya wukati aafanela alulamisa papela la nawu atlhela avulavula ni madoda; xiswoswo, aatava ni nkama wa kupimisa kahle hi xiboho lexi aalava kuxiteka. A xikongomelo xa nawu lowu akuli kusivela vanhu kudlaya wukati hikola ka swilo swa switsanana ni kusirhelela vavasati. (Dt 24:1) Kambe amasikwini ya Yesu, varhangeli va wukhongeli vayendle leswaku swivevuka swinene kudlaya wukati. Hi lembexidzana losungula, Josefo, mufarisi lweyi aali mutsali wa matimu, lweyi na yena adlayeke wukati, avule leswaku aswingabihanga “kudlaya wukati hi nchumu wihi na wihi (naswona minchumu leyi yitolovelekile ka vanhu)”.
vona xifanisu ka nwtsty
Papela la Kumuhlongola
Papela leli la kudlaya wukati, litsaliwe hi Xiyaramaika hi lembe la 71 kumbe 72 E.C.. Likumiwile Nwalungu wa Wadi Murabbat, ka nambu wa kuwoma Amananga wa Yudeya. Papela leli livula leswaku ka lembe la wu-6 la kutereka ka Vayuda, Yosefo, n’wana wa Naqsan, ahlongole Meriyamu, n’wana wa Yonathani lweyi aatshama ka doropa la Masada.