Mweya Maererano neBhaibheri
“Munhu akava mweya mupenyu.”—GENESI 2:7.
SEZVATAONA, zvitendero pamusoro pemweya zvakawanda uye zvakasiyana-siyana. Kunyange pakati pevanoti zvitendero zvavo zvinobva muBhaibheri, pane pfungwa dzakasiyana pamusoro pokuti mweya chii uye chinoitika kwauri patinofa. Asi Bhaibheri rinodzidzisei chaizvoizvo pamusoro pemweya? Kuti tizive, tinofanira kunzvera zvinoreva mashoko echiHebheru neechiGiriki anoshandurwa kuti “mweya” muBhaibheri.
“Mweya” Sechisikwa Chipenyu
2 Shoko rechiHebheru rinoshandurwa kuti “mweya” ndineʹphesh, uye rinooneka ka754 muMagwaro echiHebheru (anowanzonzi Testamende Yekare). Kuti neʹphesh zvinorevei? Maererano neThe Dictionary of Bible and Religion, rino“wanzonongedzera kuchinhu chipenyu chose chakadaro, kumunhu wose akadaro.”
3 Somuenzaniso, Genesi 2:7 inoti: “Jehovha Mwari akaumba munhu neguruva revhu, akafuridzira mweya woupenyu mumhino dzake; munhu akava mweya mupenyu.” Cherekedza kuti Adhama haana kuva nemweya; akanga ari mweya—kungofanana nomumwe munhu anova chiremba ari chiremba. Shoko rokuti “mweya,” naizvozvo, rinogona kurondedzera munhu wose akadaro.
4 Kunzwisisa uku kunotsigirwa muMagwaro echiHebheru ose, umo tinowana zvikamu zvemashoko zvakadai sokuti “kana [mweya, NW] ukatadza” (Revhitiko 5:1), “no[mweya, NW] upi noupi unobata basa ripi neripi” (Revhitiko 23:30), “kana [mweya, NW] [u]kawanikwa [u]chibata munhu” (Dheuteronomio 24:7), “[mweya, NW] wake ukanetswa kusvika pakufa” (Vatongi 16:16), “muchatambudza mweya wangu kusvikira riniko?” (Job 19:2), uye “mweya wangu unonyunguruka nokuremerwa.”—Pisarema 119:28.
5 Hapana chinoratidza muzvikamu izvi kuti mweya ndechimwe chinhu chakaita somumvuri chinopfuurira kurarama pashure porufu. “Kutaura nemashoko edu kuti ‘mweya’ womudiwa waenda kunova naShe kana kuti kutaura nezve‘mweya usingafi’ kwaisazonzwisisika hako muchitendero cheOT [Testamende Yekare],” rinodaro The Dictionary of Bible and Religion.
6 Shoko rinoshandurwa kuti “mweya” kanopfuura kazana muMagwaro echiKristu echiGiriki (anowanzonzi Testamende Itsva) ndipsy·kheʹ. Kufanana naneʹphesh, shoko iri kazhinji kazhinji rinonongedzera kumunhu wose akadaro. Somuenzaniso, rangarira kutaura kunotevera: “Mweya wangu unomanikidzwa.” (Johane 12:27) “[Mweya, NW] yose [y]akabatwa nokutya.” (Mabasa 2:43) “[Mweya, NW] mumwe nomumwe nga[u]zviise pasi pamasimba makuru.” (VaRoma 13:1) “Musimbise [mweya, NW] [i]nopera mwoyo.” (1 VaTesaronika 5:14) “Mukati mayo vashoma, [mweya, NW] [mi]sere [y]akaponeswa nomumvura.”—1 Petro 3:20.
7 Psy·kheʹ, kufanana naneʹphesh, rinonongedzera zvakajeka kumunhu wose akadaro. Maererano nenyanzvi inonzi Nigel Turner, shoko iri “rinoratidza munhu nezviito, munhu pachake, mutumbi wenyama une rûaḥ [mudzimu] waMwari wakafuridzirwa mauri. . . . Chiri kusimbiswa ndiye munhu wose akadaro.”
8 MuBhaibheri shoko rokuti “mweya” rinoshanda kwete bedzi kuvanhu asiwo kumhuka. Somuenzaniso, mukurondedzera kusikwa kwezvisikwa zvemugungwa, Genesi 1:20 inotaura kuti Mwari akarayira kuti: “Mvura ngaizare ne[mweya mipenyu, NW] [m]izhinji.” Uye pazuva rokusika rakatevera racho, Mwari akati: “Nyika ngaibereke [mweya, NW] [m]ipenyu ine marudzi a[y]o, nezvipfuwo, nezvinokambaira, nemhuka dzenyika, zvina marudzi azvo.” (Genesi 1:24; enzanisa naNumeri 31:28.) Nokudaro, “mweya” unogona kunongedzera kuchisikwa chipenyu, chingava munhu kana kuti mhuka.
“Mweya” Soupenyu Hwechisikwa
9 Padzimwe nguva, shoko rokuti “mweya” rinonongedzera kuupenyu uhwo munhu kana kuti mhuka inofarikanya. Izvi hazvichinji rondedzero yeBhaibheri yemweya somunhu kana kuti mhuka. Kuenzanisira: Tinotaura kuti mumwe munhu mupenyu, tichireva kuti munhu ari kurarama. Tingataurawo kuti ane upenyu. Munzira imwe cheteyo, munhu mupenyu mweya mupenyu. Bva, paanenge ari mupenyu, “mweya” ungataurwa nezvawo sechimwe chinhu icho anacho.
10 Somuenzaniso, Mwari akaudza Mosesi kuti: “Vanhu vose vaitsvaka kuuraya [mweya wako] vakafa.” (Eksodho 4:19) Nenzira yakajeka, vavengi vaMosesi vakanga vachitsvaka kuparadza upenyu hwake. Kushandiswa kwakafanana kweshoko rokuti “mweya” kunoonekwa mukutaura kunotevera. “Takatyira mweya yedu zvikuru.” (Joshua 9:24, NW) “Vakatiza [nokuda kwemweya yavo, NW].” (2 Madzimambo 7:7) “Wakarurama une hanya [nemweya, NW] wechipfuwo chake.” (Zvirevo 12:10) “Mwanakomana womunhu akauya . . . kuzopa [mweya, NW] wake sorudzikinuro rwavazhinji.” (Mateo 20:28) “Wakanga oda kufa, akasarangarira [mweya, NW] wake.” (VaFiripi 2:30) Muchinoitika chimwe nechimwe, shoko rokuti “mweya” rinoreva “upenyu.”a
11 Naizvozvo shoko rokuti “mweya” sokushandiswa kwarinoitwa muBhaibheri rinonongedzera kumunhu kana kuti mhuka kana kuti upenyu uhwo munhu iyeye kana kuti mhuka inofarikanya. Rondedzero yeBhaibheri yemweya iri nyore, inowirirana, uye haina kukanganiswa nouzivi hwakaoma kunzwisisa uye mashura avanhu. Asi chii chinoitika kumweya pakufa? Kupindura mubvunzo iwoyo, tinofanira kutanga kunzwisisa chikonzero nei tichifa.
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
a Mateo 20:28 inoshandisawo shoko rokuti “mweya” kureva “upenyu.”
[Mibvunzo Yechidzidzo]
1. Chii chatinofanira kunzvera kuitira kuti tizive zvinodzidziswa neBhaibheri pamusoro pemweya?
2, 3. (a) Ishoko ripi rinoshandurwa kuti “mweya” muMagwaro echiHebheru, uye ndeipi revo huru yeshoko iri? (b) Genesi 2:7 inosimbisa sei kuti shoko rokuti “mweya” rinogona kureva munhu wose akadaro?
4, 5. (a) Ipa mienzaniso inoratidza kuti shoko rokuti “mweya” rinonongedzera kumunhu wose akadaro. (b) The Dictionary of Bible and Religion rinotsigira sei nzwisiso yokuti munhu mweya?
6, 7. Ishoko ripi rinoshandurwa kuti “mweya” muMagwaro echiKristu echiGiriki, uye ndeipi revo huru yeshoko iri?
8. Mhuka mweya here? Tsanangura.
9. (a) Irevoi yakatambanudzwa inogona kupiwa kushoko rokuti “mweya”? (b) Izvi zvinopesana nepfungwa yokuti mweya munhu pachake here?
10. Ipa mienzaniso inoratidza kuti shoko rokuti “mweya” rinogona kunongedzera kuupenyu uhwo munhu kana kuti mhuka inofarikanya.
11. Chii chingataurwa nezvekushandisa kweBhaibheri shoko rokuti “mweya”?
[Mifananidzo iri papeji 20]
Zvose mweya