Izifundo Ezisekelwe KwiZibhalo Eziphefumlelweyo Nemvelaphi Yazo

Isifundo 10—IBhayibhile—Iyinyaniso Kwaye Ichanile

Ukugubungela kweBhayibhile imbali, ukuma komhlaba nemvelaphi yabantu; ukuchana kwayo ngokwenzululwazi, ngentlalo nangamasiko; ukuthetha ngokuphandle, ukuvisisana nengqibelelo yababhali bayo; nesiprofeto sayo.

 1. (a) Ngokubanzi iBhayibhile yamkelwa njengantoni? (b) Sisiphi isizathu esisisiseko sokubalasela kweBhayibhile?

IBHAYIBHILE yamkelwa ngokubanzi njengencwadi enkulu nengumbongo obalaseleyo nosulungekileyo neliphulo eliphawulekayo elafezwa ngamadoda awayibhalayo. Kodwa kukho okungakumbi kunoko. Ababhali bayingqinela into yokuba abakubhalayo kwakuvela kuYehova, uThixo ongusomandla. Esi sesona sizathu sisisiseko sokufaneleka kweBhayibhile kwindlela ebhalwe ngayo, nokubaluleke ngakumbi, ukuxabiseka kwayo okugqwesileyo njengencwadi yolwazi nobulumko obunik’ ubomi. UYesu, uNyana kaThixo, wayingqina into yokuba amazwi awawathethayo “angumoya, abubomi,” ibe wacaphula kanobom kwiZibhalo zesiHebhere zamandulo. “Sonke isibhalo siphefumlelwe nguThixo,” watsho njalo umpostile uPawulos owabhekisela kwiZibhalo zesiHebhere ‘njengezihlabo ezingcwele zikaThixo.’—Yoh. 6:63; 2 Tim. 3:16; Roma 3:1, 2.

 2, 3. Ababhali beBhayibhile bakungqinela njani ukuphefumlelwa kwayo?

² Umpostile uPetros wangqina ukuba abaprofeti bakaThixo babeshukunyiswa ngumoya oyingcwele. UKumkani uDavide wabhala oku: “UMoya kaYehova uthetha ngam, ukukhuluma kwakhe kuselulwimini lwam.” (2 Sam. 23:2) Abaprofeti bathi babethetha amazwi kaYehova. UMoses walumkisa ngako nakuphi na ukongezelela okanye ukususa kumazwi angcwele awawanikwa nguYehova. UPetros wayijonga imibhalo kaPawulos njengephefumlelweyo, ibe kubonakala ukuba uYuda wacaphula amazwi kaPetros njengalawo aphefumlelweyo. Ekugqibeleni, uYohane, umbhali weSityhilelo, wabhala njengoko wayesalathiswa ngumoya kaThixo ibe walumkisa ngelokuba nabani na owongezelelayo okanye osusa okuthile kwesi sityhilelo sibuprofeti wayeya kubekek’ ityala, kungekhona emntwini kodwa kuThixo ngokuthe ngqo.—1 Pet. 1:10-12; 2 Pet. 1:19-21; Dut. 4:2; 2 Pet. 3:15, 16; Yuda 17, 18; ISityhi. 1:1, 10; 21:5; 22:18, 19.

³ Bonke aba bakhonzi bazahluleleyo bakaThixo bayingqinela into yokuba iBhayibhile iphefumlelwe kwaye iyinyaniso. Kukho obunye ubungqina obungakumbi besibakala sokuba iZibhalo Ezingcwele ziyinyaniso, obunye babo esiza kubuxusha ngaphantsi kwemixholwana eli-12 elandelayo.

 4. Iincwadi zeZibhalo zesiHebhere zazisoloko zijongwa njani ngamaYuda?

⁴ (1) Ukuchana Okungokwembali. Kususela kumaxesha amandulo, iincwadi ezingcwele zeZibhalo zesiHebhere bezisamkelwa ngamaYuda njengemibhalo ephefumlelweyo nefanele ukuthenjwa ngokupheleleyo. Ngaloo ndlela, ngomhla kaDavide, iziganeko ezibhalwe kwiGenesis kuse kweyokuQala kaSamuweli zazisamkelwa ngokuzeleyo njengembali eyinyaniso yohlanga neenkqubano zikaThixo nalo, ibe oku kucaciswa kwiNdumiso yama-78, ebhekisela kwiinkcukacha ezingaphezu kwama-35.

 5. Ababhali bamandulo baye bangqina ntoni ngoMoses nangoMthetho owanikwa amaYuda?

⁵ Iintshaba zeBhayibhile ziye zayihlasela kanobom iPentatiki, ngokukodwa ubunyaniso nombhali wayo. Noko ke, ekuyamkeleni kwamaYuda into yokuba nguMoses owabhala iPentatiki kusenokongezelelwa ubungqina bababhali bamandulo, bambi babo ababeziintshaba zamaYuda. UHecataeus waseAbdera, umbhali-mbali ongumYiputa uManetho, uLysimachus wakwa-Alesandire, uEupolemus, uTacitus noJuvenal bonke bathi imithetho eyayisahlula amaYuda kwezinye iintlanga yadluliselwa ngoMoses, ibe inkoliso iphawula ngokucacileyo ukuba wayibhala phantsi le mithetho yakhe. UNumenius, isithandi sobulumko esililandela likaPythagorus, ude akhankanye uYanes noYambres njengababingeleli baseYiputa ababemchasile uMoses. (2 Tim. 3:8) Aba babhali bagubungela ithuba elisusela kwixesha lika-Alesandire (ngenkulungwane yesine Ngaphambi kweXesha Eliqhelekileyo), xa amaGrike aqala ukufun’ ukwazi imbali yamaYuda, ukusa kwixesha loMlawuli uAurelian (ngenkulungwane yesithathu yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo). Abanye ababhali abaninzi mandulo bakhankanya uMoses njengenkokeli, umlawuli, okanye umniki-mthetho.a Njengoko sibonile kwisifundo esandulelayo, ubungqina bezinto ezimbiweyo ngokufuthi buxhasa ukuchana okungokwembali kweziganeko ezibhalwe eBhayibhileni apho abantu bakaThixo babenxulumene neentlanga ezazibangqongile.

 6. Bubuphi ubungqina obuxhasa ukuchana okungokwembali kweZibhalo zesiGrike?

⁶ Kodwa kuthekani ngeZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike? Azingqineli nje kuphela ingxelo yeSibhalo sesiHebhere kodwa nazo zingqineka zichanile ngokwembali kwanangobunyaniso nokuphefumlelwa kwazo okufanayo nokweZibhalo zesiHebhere. Ababhali basixelela oko bakuvayo nabakubonayo, kuba babengamangqina okuzibonela iziganeko ibe ngokufuthi babenenxaxheba kwiziganeko kanye abazibhalayo. Izinto ababezibhala zazikholelwa ngamawaka-waka abantu ababephila nabo. Ubungqina babo bungqinelwa kakhulu kwiimbekiselo zababhali bamandulo, phakathi kwabo ekukho uJuvenal, uTacitus, uSeneca, uSuetonius, uPliny oMncinane, uLucian, uCelsus nombhali-mbali ongumYuda uJosephus.

 7. (a) US. A. Allibone unikela yiphi ingxoxo ngamabango awongamileyo okuba iBhayibhile iyinyaniso? (b) Uthi yintoni ephosakeleyo ngabo babugatyayo ubungqina?

⁷ Ebhala kwiThe Union Bible Companion, uS. Austin Allibone uthi: “UMhlekazi Isaac Newton . . . wayekwadume njengomhlalutyi wemibhalo yamandulo, ibe wazihlolisisa ngenyameko enkulu iZibhalo Ezingcwele. Siyintoni isigqibo sakhe kule ngongoma? Uthi, ‘Ndifumanisa iimpawu ezingakumbi eziqinisekileyo zobunyaniso beTestamente Entsha kunazo naziphi na ezobembali yoluntu [yehlabathi].’ UGqr. Johnson uthi sinobungqina obungakumbi bokuba uYesu Kristu wafela eKalvari, njengoko zisitsho iincwadi zeVangeli, kunokuba sinabo obokuba uJulius Caesar wafela kwiCapitol. Eneneni, sinobungqina obuninzi. Buza nabani na othi uyabuthandabuza ubunyaniso bembali yeencwadi zeVangeli ukuba sisiphi na isizathu anaso sokukholelwa ukuba uCaesar wafela kwiCapitol, okanye sokuba uMlawuli uCharlemagne wathwaliswa isithsaba sokuba nguMlawuli waseNtshona nguPopu Leo III. ngowama-800 . . . Wazi njani ukuba umntu onjengoCharles I. wakhe waphila, nokuba wanqunyulwa intloko, nokuba uOliver Cromwell waba ngumlawuli esikhundleni sakhe? . . . Kuthiwa nguMhlekazi uIsaac Newton owafumana umthetho womxhuzulane . . . Siyazikholelwa zonke izinto ekuthiwa zenziwa ngaba bantu; ibe oko kunjalo kuba sinobungqina obungokwembali bobunyaniso bazo. . . . Ukuba, ekuvelisweni kobungqina obunjengobu, kusekho nabaphi na abangavumiyo ukukholelwa, sibayeka sisithi ngabaneenkani zobudenge okanye abangenalwazi ngokunganiki themba. Ngoko, siya kuthini ngabo, phezu kwabo nje ubungqina obuninzi ngoku obuveliswayo obungqinela ubunyaniso beZibhalo Ezingcwele, bathi bona abakeyiseki? . . . Ngokuqinisekileyo kufanelekile ukuba sigqibe kwelokuba yintliziyo kunokuba sithi yintloko engemanga kakuhle;—ukuba abafuni kukholelwa oko kuthob’ isidima ikratshi labo, ibe kuya kubanyanzelela ukuba baphile ubomi obahlukileyo.”b

 8. Kungayiphi indlela ubuKristu beBhayibhile obuboniswa bahluke ngayo kuzo zonke ezinye iinkonzo?

⁸ Ukubalasela kobuKristu njengonqulo olunabalandeli abanqula ngenyaniso kubalaseliswa nguGeorge Rawlinson, owabhala oku: “UbuKristu—apha kuqukwa ilungiselelo leTestamente Endala, elalilinqanaba labo lokuqala—akukho nto ibahlulayo kwezinye iinkonzo zehlabathi ngaphandle kwenjongo okanye imbali yabo. Iinkonzo zaseGrisi naseRoma, ezaseYiputa, eIndiya, ePersi naseMpuma ngokubanzi, zaziyinkqubo yentelekelelo, engazange ifune nokuba ide ingqinwe ngokwembali. . . . Kodwa akunjalo ngonqulo lweBhayibhile. Apho, enoba sikhangela kwiTestamente Endala okanye Entsha, kwilungiselelo lamaYuda okanye kwelobuKristu, sifumana ucwangciso lwemfundiso esisiseko oluzaliswe zizibakala; oluxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kuzo; elilize namampunge ngaphandle kwazo; nezisenokugqalwa njengezimiselwe ngazo zonke iinjongo ezisengqiqweni ukuba ziboniswa zikufanelekele ukwamkelwa.”c

 9. Bonisa ukuchana kweembekiselo zeBhayibhile ngokuma kwelizwe.

⁹ (2) Ukuchana Kokuma Kwelizwe Nokuma Komhlaba. Ababhali abaninzi baye bagqabaza ngokuchana okuphawulekayo kokuchaza kweBhayibhile iLizwe Ledinga nemimandla eyayimelene nalo. Ngokomzekelo, umkhenkethi waseMpuma, uGqr. A. P. Stanley, ethetha ngohambo lwamaSirayeli entlango wathi: “Kwanokuba uhambo lwawo oluchanileyo alwaziwa, sekunjalo iinkalo ezikhethekileyo zelizwe zifana gqitha kangangokuba imbali ibisaya kucaciswa ngeendlela ezininzi eziphawulekayo. . . . Imithombo namaqula, nemilanjana ehamba ifumaneka, ivisisana noko kwaziwayo ‘ngamanzi’ aseMara; ‘imithombo’ . . . yakwaElim; ‘umlanjana’ waseHorebhe; ‘iqula’ leentombi zikaYitro, kunye ‘nomkhombe’ okanye iitanki zalo kwaMidiyan. Uhlaza lusenjengolo sifanele siluqonde njengolusembalini kaMoses.”d Kwingxelo engeYiputa, ukuchana kwayo akubonwa nje kwinkcazelo eqhelekileyo engommandla—ukuchuma kwayo ngokutya okuziinkozo, uMlambo wayo umNayile neengcongolo eziselunxwemeni (Gen. 41:47-49; Eks. 2:3), amanzi ayo akhiwa ‘emilanjeni, emijelweni, emachibini nakwiintlangano zamanzi’ (Eks. 7:19), ‘iflakisi, irhasi, ingqolowa nespelete sayo’ (Eks. 9:31, 32)—kodwa ikwaziwa nangamagama neendawo ezazikuyo iidolophu zayo.

10. Izazinzulu zanamhla ziye zavuzwa njani ngokulandela ingxelo yeBhayibhile?

¹⁰ Ukubonisa indlela ethenjwe ngayo ingxelo yeBhayibhile ngokumiwa komhlaba nelizwe zizazinzulu ezithile zanamhla kukuba ziye zayilandela njengokhokelo ibe ziye zafumana imiphumo emihle. Kwiminyaka ethile eyadlulayo, ingcaphephe yokumiwa komhlaba eyaziwayo, uGqr. Ben Tor, walandela ukhokelo lwesi sibhalo: “Kuba uYehova uThixo wakho ukungenisa ezweni elihle; . . . ezweni elinamatye asinyithi.” (Dut. 8:7, 9) Kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka eBher-shebha, wafumana amawa aphakamileyo nanelitye lentsimbi elibomvu bumnyama. Apha kwakuqikelelwa ukuba kofumaneka iitoni ezili-15 lezigidi zelitye lentsimbi elikumgangatho ophantsi. Kamva, oononjineli bafumana intsimbi ekrwada eziikhilomitha ezisi-1,5 ivele phezu komhlaba, ama-60 kuse kuma-65 ekhulwini entsimbi yokwenene. UGqr. Joseph Weitz, ingcali eyaziwayo kutyalo lwamahlathi kwaSirayeli, wathi: “Umthi wokuqala uAbraham awawutyalayo kumhlaba waseBher-shebha yayingumtamariske.” “Silandela ekhondweni lakhe, kwiminyaka emine edluleyo sityale izigidi ezibini zalo mthi kwakuloo mmandla. UAbraham wayechane ucwethe. Umtamariske ngomnye wemithi embalwa esiye safumanisa ukuba iyalunga emzantsi apho imvula yonyaka wonke ingaphantsi nje kancinane [kweesentimitha ezili-15].”e Incwadi ethi Tree and Shrub in Our Biblical Heritage, ebhalwe nguNogah Hareuveni, yongezelela oku: “Kubonakala ukuba uSolusapho uAbraham akazange asuke nje atyale nawuphi na umthi akufika eBher-shebha. . . . Wakhetha umthi onomthunzi ophole ngakumbi kuneyeminye imithi. Ngaphezu koko, [umtamariske] unokuxhathisa ubushushu nembalela enkulu ngenxa yeengcambu zawo ezinde ezifikelela kumanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Alimangalisi elokuba, [umtamariske] usekho ukuza kuthi ga kulo mhla kummandla waseBher-shebha.”f—Gen. 21:33.

11. UNjingalwazi Wilson ungqina njani ngokuchana kweBhayibhile?

¹¹ Ngokuphathelele iinkcukacha ezinjengamazwi angobalo-maxesha nokuma komhlaba eBhayibhileni, uNjingalwazi R. D. Wilson ubhala oku kwiA Scientific Investigation of the Old Testament, kwiphepha 213-14: “Amazwi angobalo-maxesha nokuma komhlaba achane ngakumbi ibe anokuthenjwa kunalawo anikelwa yiyo nayiphi na eminye imibhalo yamandulo; ibe iimbali zobomi nezinye ezingokwembali zivisisana ngokumangalisayo nobungqina obunikelwa ziincwadi ezingezozaBhayibhile.”

12. Izibakala zivisisana njani nengxelo yeBhayibhile ngemvelaphi yoluntu?

¹² (3) Izizwe Neelwimi Zoluntu. Kwincwadi ethi After Its Kind, uByron C. Nelson uthi: “Kwakudalwe umntu, kungekhona iNegro, iTshayina, ummi waseYurophu. Abantu ababini iBhayibhile ebabiza ngokuba nguAdam noEva badalwa, ekwathi kubo ngomnombo nangobume bemvelo kwaphuma zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabantu eziphezu komhlaba. Zonke izizwe zabantu, kungakhathaliseki ibala okanye ubungakanani, ziluhlobo olunye lwemvelo. Zonke zicinga ngendlela efanayo, zivakalelwa ngendlela efanayo, zinemizimba efanayo, zitshatana ngokulula, ibe ziyakwazi ukuvelisa abanye bohlobo olunye olufanayo. Zonke izizwe zivela koosolusapho ababini abafanayo abenziwa ngokupheleleyo ngesandla soMdali.”g Obu bubungqina beGenesis 1:27, 28; 2:7, 20-23; 3:20; IZenzo 17:26; neyabaseRoma 5:12.

13. Omnye ummbi wezinto zakudala wathini ngenqanaba elingundoqo ezazisuka kulo zonke iilwimi zamandulo?

¹³ Mayela nengxelo yeBhayibhile ngenqanaba elingundoqo ezaqala kulo ukusasazeka iilwimi zamandulo, ummbi wezinto zakudala uMhlekazi Henry Rawlinson wathi “ukuba ngaloo ndlela besiya kukhokelwa kukudibana nje kwendlela ezithethwa ngayo iilwimi, ibe singaxhomekekanga kuzo zonke iimbekiselo zengxelo engokwezibhalo, sekunjalo besifanele sifikelele kumathafa aseShinare, njengendawo zonke ezi lwimi ezaphuma kuyo.”h—Gen. 11:1-9.

14. (a) Yintoni ekuphela kwento ebinokuyahlula iBhayibhile njengephefumlelwe nguThixo? (b) Yiyiphi imbono esengqiqweni enikelwa yiBhayibhile kuphela, ibe inkcazelo yayo eluncedo ifikelela njani kuzo zonke iinkalo zokuphila kwemihla ngemihla?

¹⁴ (4) Ukuba Luncedo Kwenkcazelo Yayo. Ukuba bebungekho obunye ubungqina obufumanekayo besibakala sokuba iyinyaniso, imigaqo yobulungisa nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha yeBhayibhile ibiya kuyahlula njengaleyo ivela kwingqondo kaThixo. Ukongezelela koku, ukuba luncedo kwenkcazelo yayo kufikelela kuzo zonke iinkalo zokuphila kwemihla ngemihla. Ayikho enye incwadi esinika imbono esengqiqweni ngemvelaphi yazo zonke izinto, kuquka uluntu, nenjongo yoMdali ngomhlaba nomntu. (Gen., isahl. 1; Isa. 45:18) IBhayibhile isixelela isizathu sokuba umntu esifa nesizathu sokuba kukho ubungendawo. (Gen., isahl. 3; Roma 5:12; Yobhi, isahl. 1, 2; Eks. 9:16) Imisela owona mlinganiselo uphakamileyo wokusesikweni. (Eks. 23:1, 2, 6, 7; Dut. 19:15-21) Inikela isiluleko esifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zoshishino (Lev. 19:35, 36; IMize. 20:10; 22:22, 23; Mat. 7:12); ihambo ecocekileyo yokuziphatha (Lev. 20:10-16; Gal. 5:19-23; Heb. 13:4); ulwalamano nabanye (Lev. 19:18; IMize. 12:15; 15:1; 27:1, 2, 5, 6; 29:11; Mat. 7:12; 1 Tim. 5:1, 2); umtshato (Gen. 2:22-24; Mat. 19:4, 5, 9; 1 Kor. 7:2, 9, 10, 39); ulwalamano lwentsapho nemisebenzi yendoda, yomfazi neyabantwana (Dut. 6:4-9; IMize. 13:24; Efe. 5:21-33; 6:1-4; Kol. 3:18-21; 1 Pet. 3:1-6); isimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo ngakubaphathi (Roma 13:1-10; Tito 3:1; 1 Tim. 2:1, 2; 1 Pet. 2:13, 14); ukusebenza ngokunyaniseka kwanolwalamano oluphakathi komphathi nekhoboka nolo luphakathi komqeshi nomqeshwa (Efe. 4:28; Kol. 3:22-24; 4:1; 1 Pet. 2:18-21); unxulumano olufanelekileyo (IMize. 1:10-16; 5:3-11; 1 Kor. 15:33; 2 Tim. 2:22; Heb. 10:24, 25); ukuzinzisa iimbambano (Mat. 18:15-17; Efe. 4:26); nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibuchaphazela ngokubalulekileyo ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.

15. Sisiphi isiluleko seBhayibhile ngempilo yengqondo neyomzimba esiye saboniswa sisebenziseka?

¹⁵ IBhayibhile ikwasinikela imigaqo exabisekileyo yokusikhokela ngokuphathelele impilo yasemzimbeni neyengqondo. (IMize. 15:17; 17:22) Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando oluye lwenziwa kwezonyango luye lwabonisa ukuba impilo yomntu yasemzimbeni ngenene iyachatshazelwa sisimo sakhe sengqondo. Ngokomzekelo, uhlolisiso luye lwabonisa ukuba abantu abachanabeke kakhulu ekudubulekeni ngumsindo ngokufuthi banowona mlinganiselo uphakamileyo woxinzelelo lwegazi. Bambi banikela ingxelo yokuba umsindo uvelisa ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo, iintloko ezibuhlungu, ukumongoza, isiyezi okanye ukungabi namandla okuthetha. Noko ke, iBhayibhile yakucacisa kwamhlamnene oku: “Bubomi benyama intliziyo epholileyo.”—IMize. 14:30; thelekisa uMateyu 5:9.

16. Ngawaphi amanye amazwi eBhayibhile ayinyaniso athe angqineka enjalo ngaphambi kokufunyaniswa kwawo yinzululwazi?

¹⁶ (5) Ukuchana Ngokwenzululwazi. Nangona iBhayibhile ingeyoncwadi yezenzululwazi, xa ichaphazela imibandela engenzululwazi, ifunyaniswa ichanile ibe ivisisana nezinto eziye zafunyanwa nolwazi lwenzululwazi yokwenyaniso. Ingxelo yayo ngolungelelwano ezadalwa ngalo izinto, kuquka izilwanyana (Gen., isahl. 1); into yokuba umhlaba ungqukuva, okanye usisazinge (Isa. 40:22); nento yokuba umhlaba ujinga esithubeni phezu “kokungeni” yabhalwa ngaphambi kokuba ezi nyaniso zifunyanwe yinzululwazi. (Yobhi 26:7) Inzululwazi yanamhla yokusebenza kwamalungu omzimba iye yabonisa inyaniso yamazwi eZibhalo athi “yonke inyama ayinyama nye,” iiseli zezihlunu ekwakhiwe ngazo inyama yolunye uhlobo zahlukile kwezolunye uhlobo, umntu ‘enenyama’ yakhe eyahlukileyo. (1 Kor. 15:39)i Kwinzululwazi engezilwanyana, iLevetikus 11:6 idwelisa umvundla phakathi kwezilwanyana ezetyisayo. Le nto yayihlekwa ngaphambili, kodwa ngoku inzululwazi ifumanisa ukuba umvundla uyakwetyisa ukutya kwawo.j

17. IBhayibhile iye yaboniswa njani inenkcazelo eluncedo kwezonyango?

¹⁷ Amazwi athi ‘ubomi benyama busegazini’ kumaxesha anamhla aye aqondwa njengenyaniso esisiseko kwinzululwazi yezonyango. (Lev. 17:11-14) UMthetho kaMoses wabonisa ukuba yayizeziphi na izilwanyana, iintaka neentlanzi ‘ezazihlambulukile’ zokuba abantu bazitye, ibe wazibekela bucala izidlo eziyingozi. (Lev., isahl. 11) UMthetho wawuyalela ukuba emnqubeni womkhosi, ilindle lomntu liselelwe ngomhlaba, ngaloo ndlela abantu bekhuseleka kakuhle kwizifo ezasulelayo ezinokudluliselwa ngezinambuzane eziphaphazelayo, izifo ezinjengesisu segazi necesina yamathumbu. (Dut. 23:9-14) Kwananamhlanje, kumazwe athile kukho iingxaki ezinzima zempilo ngenxa yokungabikho kweendawo ezifanelekileyo zokulahla inkunkuma. Kumazwe anjalo abantu ngebephile ngakumbi ukuba babelandela isiluleko seBhayibhile ngokunyamekela impilo.

18. Nguwuphi omnye umzekeliso wokuchana kweBhayibhile kwezenzululwazi onikelwayo?

¹⁸ IBhayibhile incomela intwana yewayini “ngenxa yesisu sakho” nangenxa “yobulwelwe.” (1 Tim. 5:23) UGqr. Salvatore P. Lucia, unjingalwazi wezonyango kwiSikolo Samayeza seYunivesithi yaseKhalifoniya, ubhala oku: “Iwayini isesona siselo samandulo sasiselwa ibe lelona yeza libalulekileyo neliqhubeka lisetyenziswa kuyo yonke imbali yoluntu.”k

19. Kunokuboniswa njani ukuchana kwemibhalo kaLuka?

¹⁹ (6) Intlalo Namasiko. UA. Rendle Short ebhala kwiModern Discovery and the Bible, uthi ngencwadi yeZenzo: “Kwakuyinto eqhelekileyo ngeRoma ukuba ilawule amaphondo obukhosi bayo obunabileyo ngokuqhubeka isebenzisa inkqubo yasekuhlaleni yolawulo lo gama nje ikhuselekile, ibe ngenxa yoko abaphathi kwizithili ezahlukahlukeneyo babesaziwa ngamagama amaninzi awahlukahlukeneyo. Akukho namnye ekwakunokwenzeka ukuba anikele izibizo ezichanileyo zazo zonke ezi ngangalala, ngaphandle kokuba wayengumkhenkethi oneliso elibukhali okanye umphengululi onenyameko weengxelo. Yenye yezona ndlela zovavanyo lokuba sengqiqweni kwembali kaLuka into yokuba ngamaxesha onke ufikelela ukuchana okugqibeleleyo. Kwiimeko eziliqela bubungqina nje bengqekembe, okanye bombhalo okroliweyo, obuye basinika inkcazelo eyimfuneko yokuhlolisisa oko wakubonayo; ababhali-mbali abadumileyo baseRoma abazichanabi kwimekobume enzima ngolo hlobo. Ngaloo ndlela uLuka ubiza uHerode noLisaniyo njengabaphathi besahlulo sesine; noJosephus ubabiza ngolo hlobo. UHerode Agripa, owabulala uYakobi ngekrele waza waphosa uPetros entolongweni, ubizwa ngokuba ngukumkani; uJosephus usixelela indlela awahlobana ngayo eRome noGayo Kesare (uCaligula) waza wavuzwa ngesithsaba sasebukhosini xa uCaligula wathi waba ngumlawuli. Irhuluneli yaseSipro, uSergiyo Pawulos, kuthiwa libamba (proconsul). . . . Kwithutyana nje elingaphambi koko, iSipro yayiliphondo elilithanga lelinye ilizwe, ibe ilawulwa yintsumpa okanye ummeli, kodwa ngexesha likaPawulos, njengoko kuboniswa ziingqekembe zemali zaseSipro, ezingesiGrike nesiLatini, isibizo esichanileyo sesithi ibamba. Umbhalo okrolwe ngesiGrike owafunyanwa eSoloi kunxweme olungasemntla lweSipro uphawulwe umhla ‘wokuba libamba kukaPawulos’ . . . ETesalonika izihandiba zesixeko zazibizwa ngesibizo esasingaqhelekanga gqitha esithi politarchs [abaphathi besixeko, IZenzo 17:6, umbhalo osemazantsi we-NW.], igama elingaziwayo kuncwadi oluqhelekileyo. Besingayi kulazi nje kwaphela, ngaphandle nje kwento yokuba uLuka ulisebenzisile, ukuba bekungekho ngenxa yesibakala sokuba liyavela kule mibhalo ikroliweyo. . . . Phantsi kuka-Awugusto elaseAkaya yayiliphondo elinebhunga elongamileyo, phantsi kukaTibheriyo lalilawulwa ngokuthe ngqo ngumlawuli, kodwa phantsi kukaKlawudiyo, njengokuba uTacitus esixelela, labuyela ekubeni lelebhunga, ibe ngoko ke isibizo esichanileyo sikaGaliyo [IZenzo 18:12] sasisesithi ibamba. . . . Ingxelo kaLuka yanelisa ngokupheleleyo, ichane ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yolwazi lwakhe ngokuma kwelizwe nangamava akhe kwezohambo.”l

20. Imibhalo kaPawulos iwabonisa njani ngokuchanileyo amaxesha awayephila nawabhala ngawo?

²⁰ Iincwadi zikaPawulos ziyibonisa ngokuchanileyo imvelaphi yexesha lakhe ibe zibonisa ukuba wayelingqina lokuzibonela lezinto ezabhalwayo. Ngokomzekelo, elaseFilipi yayilithanga lezomkhosi elinabemi ababezingca ngokukhethekileyo ngelungelo labo lokuba ngabemi baseRoma. UPawulos wawaluleka amaKristu alapho ngelithi wona ayengabemi basemazulwini. (IZe. 16:12, 21, 37; Fil. 3:20) IEfese yayisisixeko esasidume ngobugcisa bomlingo noqheliselo lokusebenzelana nemimoya. UPawulos wawayalela amaKristu alapho ngendlela yokuzixhobisa ukuze axhathise ukuba ngamaxhoba eedemon, ibe kwangaxeshanye, wasichaza ngokuchanileyo isixhobo sokuzikhusela kwesoldati laseRoma. (IZe. 19:19; Efe. 6:13-17) Isiko labeyisi abangamaRoma lokukhokela umngcelele woloyiso nomqokozo wamakhoboka, wambi ehamba ze, lisetyenziswe njengomzekeliso. (2 Kor. 2:14; Kol. 2:15) Kweyoku-1 yabaseKorinte 1:22, kuboniswe iimbono ezingafaniyo zamaYuda namaGrike. Kwimicimbi enjalo ababhali abangamaKristu babonisa ukuchana kukaMoses, umbhali wePentatiki, athi ngayo uGeorge Rawlinson: “Ukuchana kwengxelo yezoluntu kwiPentatiki ngokuphathelele izimilo namasiko aseMpuma ngokubanzi, akuzange kuthandatyuzwe nakanye.”a

21. (a) Nikela imizekelo yokuthetha phandle kwababhali beBhayibhile. (b) Oku kuyivuselela njani intembelo kwiBhayibhile njengeyinyaniso?

²¹ (7) Ukuthetha Phandle Kwababhali BeBhayibhile. Kuyo yonke iBhayibhile, ukuthetha phandle kungekho kukrikriza kwababhali bayo kububungqina obungenakuphikiswa bokuba inokuthenjwa. Ngokomzekelo, uMoses akagwegwelezi ekubaliseni isono sakhe nomgwebo kaThixo wokuba yena nomntakwabo, uAron, abayi kungena kwiLizwe Ledinga. (Num. 20:7-13; Dut. 3:23-27) Izono zikaDavide kangangezihlandlo ezibini kwanokuwexuka konyana wakhe uSolomon kubhencwa elubala. (2 Sam., isahl. 11, 12, 24; 1 Kum. 11:1-13) UYona ubhala ngokungathobeli kwakhe nomphumo wako. Uhlanga lonke lwakwaSirayeli lwalugwetywa phantse ngabo bonke ababhali beZibhalo zesiHebhere, bonke ababengamaYuda, ngenxa yokungamthobeli kwalo uThixo, kanye kwingxelo amaYuda awayeyigqala kwaye eyamkela njengezihlabo zikaThixo nembali eyinyaniso yohlanga lwawo. Ababhali abangamaKristu nabo babethetha ngokuphandle ngendlela efanayo. Bonke ababhali abane beencwadi zeVangeli bakukhankanya ukukhanyela kukaPetros uKristu. Ibe uPawulos watsalel’ ingqalelo kwisono esinzulu sikaPetros kumbandela wokholo ekucaluleni phakathi kwamaYuda neeNtlanga kwibandla lamaKristu kwa-Antiyokwe. Kusenza sibe nentembelo yokuba iBhayibhile iyinyaniso xa sigqala ukuba ababhali bayo abazange bazibethe ngoyaba izinto, kuquka kwanezabo, ukuze babhale ingxelo ethembekileyo.—Mat. 26:69-75; Marko 14:66-72; Luka 22:54-62; Yoh. 18:15-27; Gal. 2:11-14; Yoh. 17:17.

22. Yintoni enye engqina ukuba iBhayibhile ngenene iliLizwi likaThixo, ibe yabhalwa ngayiphi injongo?

²² (8) Ukuvisisana Kwababhali. IBhayibhile yabhalwa kwithuba elingaphezu kweminyaka eli-1 600 ngababhali abamalunga nama-40, kungekho kungavisisani kwabo. Iye yasasazwa ngokubanzi ngamanani amaninzi phezu kwayo nje eyona nkcaso ikrakra neyona migudu iqatha yokuyitshabalalisa. Ezi zibakala ziyanceda ukungqina ukuba ikoko izibanga ikuko, iLizwi loThixo ongusomandla, nokuba ngenene ‘iyingenelo ekufundiseni, ekululekeni, ekulungiseni izinto, ekuqeqesheni okusebulungiseni.’—2 Tim. 3:16, NW.b

23. Nguwuphi umxholo ovisisanayo okwangqinela ukuphefumlelwa kweBhayibhile? Zekelisa.

²³ Ukuphefumlelwa kwayo kuboniswa kukuvisisana kwayo okucokisekileyo nokugxininisa kwayo umxholo wokungcwaliswa kwegama likaYehova ngoBukumkani bakhe obulawulwa nguKristu. Nantsi imizekelo ebalaseleyo embalwa:

24. (a) Ingqibelelo yamaKristu okuqala ikumisela njani ukuba yinyaniso ‘kweBali lamaKristu’? (b) Bubuphi obunye ubungqina obukhoyo bokuba ababhali beBhayibhile babebhala izibakala, bengabhali iintsomi?

²⁴ (9) Ingqibelelo Yamangqina. Ngokuvakala kobungqina bamaKristu okuqala—ababhali beZibhalo zamaKristu nabanye—uGeorge Rawlinson uthi: “Amaguquka okuqala ayesazi ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha ayenganyanzeleka ukuba afe ngenxa yonqulo lwawo. . . . Bonke ababhali bamandulo ababexhasa ubuKristu, ngesibakala sokubuxhasa kwabo, babebonakalisa inkalipho, ibe bazichanaba kwisiphelo esifanayo. Xa ukholo lungumbandela wobomi nokufa, abantu abamkeli nje ngokulula umyalelo wokuqala obonakala ubadlwengula umxhelo; ibe abazivakalisi ekuhleni bengamalungu ehlelo elitshutshiswayo, ngaphandle kokuba baye bazihlolisisa kakuhle iinkolelo ezivakaliswa lolo nqulo, baza beyiseka lelokuba luyinyaniso. Licacile elokuba amaguquka okuqala ayeneendlela zokufumanisa ukuchana okungokwembali kwengxelo yobuKristu esingenazo thina; ayenokuwahlolisisa aze awagocagoce amangqina—ethelekisa iingxelo zawo ezininzi—afune indlela amazwi awo amkelwa ngayo ziintshaba—ahlole iincwadi zabaHedeni zelo xesha—ezihlolisisa ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ehluza ngokupheleleyo ubungqina. . . . Kukonke oku—ibe kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuba ubungqina buninzi—kubumba ubungqina obungenakufane buveliswe kuzo naziphi na iziganeko ezenzeka kumaxesha amandulo; buze bumisele ngokungenakuthandatyuzwa nje kwaphela inyaniso yeBali lamaKristu. Akukho nanye inkalo . . . elithe kuyo elo bali labonakala liyintsomi. Libali elinye, elibaliswa ngokuvisisanayo, ngoxa iintsomi ziguquguquka kwaye zingeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo; ivangwe ngokungenakuconjululwa ngembali yamazwe aloo maxesha, mbali leyo eyibeka kuzo zonke iindawo ngeendlela ezichane ngokumangalisayo, ngoxa iintsomi ziyigqwetha okanye ziyibhangisa imbali yamazwe; izaliswe ziinkcukacha eziqhelekileyo, ezo iintsomi ziziphepha ngocoselelo olukhulu; inemfundiso eluncedo ebekwe ngolona hlobo lucacileyo nolulula, ngoxa ezintsomini kusetyenziswa imizekeliso. . . . Ukunyaniseka okucacileyo, ukuthembeka, ukuchana okucokisekileyo, uthando olunyulu ngenyaniso, zezona mpawu zicacileyo zababhali beTestamente Entsha, ekucaca ukuba bathetha ngezibakala, kungekhona intelekelelo . . . Babhalela ‘ukuba siyazi kakuhle ingqiniseko yezo zinto’ ezo ‘ngokuqinisekileyo zazikholelwa’ ngomhla wabo.”c—Thelekisa uLuka 1:1, 4.

25. Yintoni ebonisa ngokubalaseleyo ukuba iBhayibhile iyinyaniso?

²⁵ Inkalo enomdla egutyungelwa yiBhayibhile yileyo yesiprofeto sikaThixo. Ayikho enye indlela isibakala sokuba yinyaniso kweBhayibhile esiye saboniswa ngokuchukumisayo ngayo njengakwinzaliseko yeziprofeto ezininzi, konke oku kubonisa umbono kaYehova obuprofeti nophawulekayo ekuxeleni kwangaphambili ngekamva. Eneneni eli Lizwi lesiprofeto ‘lisisibane esikhanyisa endaweni emnyama,’ ibe ukunikela ingqalelo kulo kuya komeleza ukholo lwabo banqwenela ukuphila de zonke iziprofeto ezingoBukumkani zizaliseke kwihlabathi elitsha nelikanaphakade lobulungisa elilungiselelwe nguThixo. Izicangca ezithathu ezilandelayo zongezelela ubungqina obungakumbi bokuba iBhayibhile iyinyaniso ekuboniseni ezininzi zezi nzaliseko zesiprofeto, kwanokuvisisana kwazo zonke iZibhalo zesiHebhere nezesiGrike. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iBhayibhile iya ikhanya ngokukhanya njengaleyo ngokwenene ‘iphefumlelwe nguThixo kwaye iyingenelo.’—2 Pet. 1:19; 2 Tim. 3:16.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

(10) IZIPROFETO EZIBALASELEYO NGOYESU NENZALISEKO YAZO

Isiprofeto Isiganeko Inzaliseko

Lu 18:38, 39;

IZe. 2:29-31;

Ac 13:22, 23;

Roma 1:3; 15:8, 12

Hos. 11:1 Wabizwa eYiputa Mat. 2:15

Isa. 61:1, 2 Wathunywa Luka 4:18-21

INdu. 78:2 Wathetha ngemizekeliso Mat. 13:11-13, 31-35

Isa. 53:4 Wathwala izilwelwe zethu Mat. 8:16, 17

Imibuzo esekelwe kwisicangca esithi “Iziprofeto Ezibalaseleyo NgoYesu Nenzaliseko Yazo”:

(a) Ziziphi iziprofeto ezingokuzalwa kukaYesu ezimenza afanelekele ukuba nguMesiya?

(b) Ziziphi iziprofeto ezazalisekayo ekuqaleni kobulungiseleli bukaYesu?

(c) UYesu wasizalisekisa njani isiprofeto ngendlela abufeza ngayo ubulungiseleli bakhe?

(d) Ziziphi iziprofeto ezazalisekayo ebudeni beentsuku ezimbalwa zokugqibela ngaphambi kwetyala likaYesu?

(e) Isiprofeto sazalisekiswa njani ebudeni bokuxoxwa kwetyala lakhe?

(f) Ziziphi iziprofeto ezaphawula kanye ukubethelelwa kwakhe emthini, ukufa kwakhe nokuvuswa kwakhe?

[Isicangca esikwiphepha 344-346]

(11) IMIZEKELO YEZINYE IZIPROFETO ZEBHAYIBHILE EZAZALISEKAYO

Isiprofeto Isiganeko Inzaliseko

Isa. 23:1, 8, Isixeko saseTire Imbali yehlabathi

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

(a) Ziziphi iziganeko ezazixelwe kwangaphambili ezenzeka emva kokuba uhlanga lwakwaSirayeli lwafika kwilizwe lakwaKanan?

(b) Ziziphi iziprofeto zokugwetywa kukaSirayeli noYuda ezazalisekayo, ibe nini?

(c) Yintoni eyayixelwe kwangaphambili ngokubuyiselwa? Ngaba oku kwazaliseka?

(d) Ziziphi iintlanga ezidwelisiweyo ezathi zafikelwa zizigidimi ezingqalileyo zomgwebo, ibe le migwebo ibuprofeti yazaliseka njani?

(e) Ziziphi ezinye zeziganeko ezibalaseleyo embalini ezaxelwa kwangaphambili nguDaniyeli? nguYesu?

(12) IINGCAPHULO EZITHILE NOKUSETYENZISWA KWEZIBHALO ZESIHEBHERE NGABABHALI BEZIBHALO ZESIGRIKE

(PHAWULA: Olu ludwe aluquki iimbekiselo ezidweliswe kwelithi “Iziprofeto Ezibalaseleyo NgoYesu,” ezikumaphepha awandulelayo.)

Ingcaphulo Amazwi Ukusebenza kwaso

Dut. 32:35, 36 Impindezelo yekaYehova Heb. 10:30

sikaThixo

INdu. 14:1-3“ Akukho lungisa” Roma 3:10-12

INdu. 24:1 Ihlabathi lelikaYehova 1 Kor. 10:26

INdu. 78:24 Isonka esivela ezulwini Yoh. 6:31-33

INdu. 82:6 “Ningoothixo” Yoh. 10:34

lukaMelkitsedeke

Isa. 25:8 “Ukufa kufincelwe eloyisweni” 1 Kor. 15:54

Imibuzo esekelwe kwisicangca esithi “Iingcaphulo Ezithile Nokusetyenziswa KweZibhalo ZesiHebhere Ngababhali BeZibhalo ZesiGrike”:

(a) Ukubhekisela kweZibhalo zesiGrike kwiGenesis kuyixhasa njani ingxelo yayo engendalo?

(b) Ziziphi iindlela ezisetyenziswe ngayo iimbekiselo zeGenesis kuAbraham nakwimbewu ka-Abraham?

(c) Incwadi ye-Eksodus icatshulwe njani mayela neMithetho Elishumi nezinye iinkalo zoMthetho?

(d) Siyifumana phi inkcazelo yantlandlolo yokuvakaliswa kwemithetho emibini emikhulu, ukuthanda uYehova ngentliziyo nomphefumlo kabani uwonke nokuthanda kukabani ummelwane njengoko ezithanda?

(e) Chaza eminye yemigaqo esisiseko echazwe kwiPentatiki necatshulwe kwiZibhalo zesiGrike. Isetyenziswa njani?

(f) Ziziphi iindinyana kwiiNdumiso, ezicatshulwe kwiZibhalo zesiGrike, ezizukisa uYehova ⁽¹⁾ njengoMdali noMenzi womhlaba? ⁽²⁾ njengaLowo ubonisa umdla kwabangamalungisa nobanyamekelayo?

(g) IZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike zizisebenzisa njani iindinyana zikaIsaya nezabanye abaprofeti ⁽¹⁾ ekushumayeleni iindaba ezilungileyo? ⁽²⁾ ekugatyweni kweendaba ezilungileyo ngabanye? ⁽³⁾ kubantu beentlanga, ukongezelela kwintsalela yoSirayeli, abathi babe ngamakholwa? ⁽⁴⁾ kwiingenelo zokubonakalisa ukholo kwiindaba ezilungileyo?